Nhn

v TOEFL Writing 1

Gii thiu
Okie. T va thi TOEFL v c 107 im, trong c 30 writing (im hi b thiu cn i mt t. Ha ha). Nhiu ngi bo t phi chia s vi mi ngi kinh nghim. Thc ra th t ngh l t kh may mn. Kiu nh t nhin gp ci m mnh y t vng (phn Independent) cng nh hm y khng hiu tai lm sao m nghe r rng nh ting Vit (phn Integrated). Mc d vy, t cng xin vit ra y mt vi suy ngh ca t v phn thi writing ca TOEFL. Hi vng bi vit c th gip ch khng nhiu th t. u tin, ni v nhng iu m TOEFL mong ch bn trong bi vit. Ci ny nhiu sch c ni n c th. T tm tt s b ra y h cc bn Th hin vn t (vocabulary) v cch din t (expressions) phong ph Th hin cch dng cu a dng Th hin cch lp lun cht ch Th hin s lin mch gia cc on vn v gia cc cu trong mt on

Nhng iu ny cn thit trong c phn independent v integrated. C nhn t ngh rng th hin c nhng iu trn trong mt bi vit, ngi vit cn ci thin hai iu: Lung logic khi vit Cch din t bng ting Anh

Chng ta s tng bc ni v vic t ci thin hai iu trn nh th no?

Tinh thn hc thi

iu u tin, trc khi ni n cch thc rn luyn, t mun bn mt cht v tinh thn hc thi. Ngay t u, t t bo vi mnh rng, vt qua k thi TOEFL ny, ch c mt cch duy nht l tm hiu xem n cn g v lm va lng n. Theo t, nu khng c tinh thn ny, th d c i hc bao nhiu kha hc, vit bao nhiu bi; luyn ni trn bao nhiu knh online, club hay qun c ph; nghe bao nhiu radio, TV News v c bao nhiu lecture v newspaper; u khng thc s pht huy c ht tc dng. Hng ngy, hng gi, mi ln nh hc n TOEFL, phi nh TOEFL mong ch g Mnh km ci g, c th che y ci km c khng Mnh km ci g, c th lm cho n kh hn khng

Vic bn pht hin ra mnh km ci g s quyt nh s tin b ca bn. Cho d bn i hc lp, thy/c v bn cng hc c th gip bn pht hin mt phn, nhng t bn vn phi ng vai tr ch ng. Ring vic tm cch che y hay khc phc nhc im ca bn thn, ch c bn l ngi duy nht c th lm. Vi phn writing, t ngh rng c mt vi iu l rt quan trng, c nhng iu m bn c th t lm, c nhng iu bn cn nh ngi khc (v cn nh ng ngi) Tht nghim khc v thi gian trong khi luyn tp. Hy s dng ng h m ngc khi tp vit quen vi thi gian chy ngc. T t cc gii hn cho mnh cng l mt tng tt. Kiu nh, ng h m n pht 25 l phi xong dn v intro.

2 Nhn v TOEFL Writing Nh mt ngi bn x reviews bi. Nu cn, hy nhc h l xin ng tp trung vo vic nh gi tng trong bi ca bn c hay hay khng m ch tp trung vo cch dng ting Anh ca bn (vic gii thch ny kh kh nht l nu bn gp phi mt ngi qu nhit tnh. He he). Tt nht l bn nn i hc trung tm no c thy gio chuyn nghip c cht lng review tt nht T mnh review bi, nht l sau khi nh ngi khc v/hoc thy gio review. y l lc bn thc s phi dnh nhiu thi gian (t thng dnh t nht 45 pht t review mi essay ca mnh). Hy tm nhng t, cu m bn thy bn c th vit hay hn (v hy vit tht s mt cu khc, on khc nu c thi gian). Nu cn, hy tra t in bit tt c cc t ng ngha ca nhng bn kh din t. C gng pht hin nhng vn mang tnh h thng ca bn (dng cu trc song song, dng article, th qu kh, cu iu kin...)

Ni tm li l bn cn mt ngi bn x, ngi c th pht hin ra nhng iu ng ngn trong cch dng ting Anh m ngi Vit hc ting Anh khng th pht hin ra. T pht hin c rt nhiu yu im ca mnh khi nghin ngm cc comment ca c bn ngi M, cng nh khi c i c li cc phn hi ca thy Myo Summit. Ngoi ra, hy c gng nghim khc v thnh tht v kh nng ca chnh bn thn mnh khng ngng rt kinh nghim.

Ci thin lung logic

Theo t, phn ny khng lin quan c th n bt c ngn ng no. Cho d vit bng ting Vit, ting Anh hay ting Nht, ting Trung, chng u phi th hin suy ngh ca mnh mt cch logic, hay ni n gin l theo cch m ngi ta khng cn suy ngh nhiu cng hiu c bn ni g. Thng thng, chng ta hay gp vn trong phn ny do khng th kim sot c mnh mun vit g (lc lp dn ) v ang vit g (lc vit). i lc, chng ta ch th ngh ra mt g vit. Lc khc, chng ta ch c g vit. Thm ch c lc, chng ta c mt tng rt hay, nhng chng th vit ni qu 3 cu v tng . Sau y l mt vi gi ca t bn c th ngh ra mt vi tng vit (ngay c trong s cng thng ca ngy thi), t chc on vn v cu vn (cho d khng sng to th cng chp nhn c), ko di on vn ca mnh (vit khong t nht nm cu cho mt tng).

Suy ngh n gin (v lp li)

Khi i thi, chng ta ch c cha n 5 pht hoc t hn ngh ra 3 (hoc 2) vit. Khi mi bt u hc vit cho TOEFL, nhiu ngi (trong c t) b bnh thch "chm to kho mn" nn ton ni nhng to tt kiu nh "Y hc pht trin s gip th gii tr nn ti p hn cho tr em" (j/k). Tuy nhin, thc t l TOEFL ch thc s quan tm n tng ca bn c to tt v sng to hay khng m ch quan tm n vic bn c mt r rng hay khng v bn vit v n th no. V th, hy c gng suy ngh tht n gin khi lp dn . Theo kinh nghim ca t, tt nht l hy ngh ra nhng c lin quan n cuc sng hng ngy, hay ngnh hc chnh ca mnh. Nu bn hc k thut, hy tm cch bn v s pht trin nh v bo ca cng ngh. Hc ti chnh, bn c th ni v ch quyt tm vt kh lm giu. Tm li l hy c sn vi mn t ca bn. T c khong 5 bi lin quan n cc vn nh y hc, cng ngh, lm giu... m t c i c li nhiu ln trong thi gian n thi nh v cc t ng v cch dng t hay ho ca ngi vit. Thc t l 1 trong bi thi independent, t pht trin t 1 bi vit v lm giu m

Nhn v TOEFL Writing 3 t c (t ni v Robert Kiyosaki - tc gi ca Rich Dad, Poor Dad nh mt v d v c 2 hoc 3 cu bnh lun). Vn l bn phi dnh thi gian tm ra cc bi vit rt hay lin quan n ch mnh thch, c nhng cu kiu nh If we continue to make progress in reducing mortality, most children born since the year 2000 will see 100 candles on their birthday cakes in the 22nd century Ngoi s chun b cho s lp li v ngnh, s c mt s s lp li khc bn c th chun b trc, khi vit v cc ch kh tng t nhau. Nh kiu, c ni v con ngi th hy ni v lng nhit tnh v s trung thc; bn v c li v khng c li th so snh ngay v ti chnh v thi gian; phn v cc bi hc th ni ngay v kinh nghim m phn v giao tip. i khi l kiu nh vy. Mt l bn c th lm tht nhiu dn v rt ra kinh nghim ca mnh. Hai l hy tham gia mt nhm hc xem cch t duy ca ngi khc v hc tp (nh t).

Pht trin tng

Okie, vy l chng ta c 2 hoc 3 g vit. Gi chng ta cn vit 4 hay 5 on vn. Nu vit 4 on th tr 2 on m bi (khong 3 cu), kt bi (khong 2 cu), mi on thn bi s cn khong 7, 8 cu. Nu vit 5 on, mi on thn bi khong 5, 6 cu. Vy lm sao vit ra cho tng cu t mt n gin. Nhiu bi TOEFL hay ni n "specific reasons and details" chnh l mt mu cht bn c th s dng. Hy lin tc tr li cu hi "v sao li th" v "thc ra th n l th no". Sau y l mt vi th php. Gi d chng ta ang vit v ti sau y (Hy nh l chng ta ang gi d nh. T s th ng vai mt chng trai 9x xem sao) Ti yu c y
M t, b sung thng tin, gii thch (description) Ni v cc chi tit (facts) Ni v cc tri nghim ca bn thn (personal experience) a ra v d (example) C y l tnh yu u tin ca ti trong sut xx nm sng trn Ti yu mi tc di v n ci thnh thin ca c y Khi bn c y, ngy nh ngn li v mt tri thm rc r V d nh, mi ngy, ti p xe 5km ng u dc c nhn c y i hc ngang qua Ch thy c y mm ci cng lm tim ti m li v ti bit l ti yu c y n nhng no Nu ti khng yu c y, tui thanh xun ca ti chc s nht nho v cng

Bn lun thm v v d (discuss the example to make it relevant to the topic) So snh, i chiu (compare and contrast)

a ra v d cho kin tri ngc (reverse Chc hn, ti s sut ngy nhy Audition side example) v chi Dota vi bn bn cho qua ngy on thng Bn lun v v d v kin tri ngc (discuss the reserve side and its example) Thay v khp khi ch mong mt n ci, chi in t cng vui, nhng ri mt s m i v ch th chi bng r c na

4 Nhn v TOEFL Writing Bn trn l mt vi th php t tng kt c v hay s dng. Chng ta khng nht thit phi s dng tt c cc th php trn trong mt on vn, cng nh khng bt buc phi dng mi th php duy nht mt ln (v mt cu). T ngh l vi vic xoay vng cc th php trn mt cch linh hot, vic vit 5 hay 7 cu cho 1 on vn cng khng qu kh. Hy th t p dng cc th php trn cho my bi kh kh kiu nh, c nn cho tr con tin tiu vt khng hay tin c thc s quan trng trong cuc sng. T thy n hon ton c th p dng c. Nhng bn c th xem. Lu l trong khi tp vit, hy xem cu mnh nh vit c mc ch g (m t, nu v d, bnh lun v d, so snh - i chiu hay g khc). ng vit ra mt cu bng nhin xut hin trong u bn m bn khng th gii thch c mc ch ca n. Vit ra mt cu tha v xa i l rt tn thi gian khi lm bi thi

Hc thuc mt s mu on vn
Trong khi c mt bi essay mu hay mt bi ca ngi khc m bn thy hay, hay thm ch l bi ca chnh bn, hy th bin n thnh mt template m bn c th dng li c trong trng hp khc. Sau y l mt template t t to ra. y l template cho kiu vit quy np (deduction) vi cu ch ca on vn cui. Cch vit ny i hi phi dng ting Anh linh hot nn hy cn thn khi s dng
# 1 2 3 4 Many people says that ________________________ Definitely, ________________________ However, __________________ That's why __________________ Nu ra kin tri ngc Bnh lun kin tri ngc Quay li kin ca mnh Tng kt

Hc thuc mt s mu cu
Vi bi indepedent, cc cu kiu nh sau s gip ch trong nhiu trng hp While A is a popular preference, B is also a reasonable alternative A may partly be true, but the alternatives are equally problematic There is little alternative to A except B A and B both have their own advantages that we should take into consideration carefully On the other hand, B holds no less of importance

Vi bi integrated, hy chun b tht nhiu cu th hin rng c ci A ny ang phn i ci B kia hay lp lun ca B qu yu. Kiu nh While the passage claims that ____________, the professor disputes this notion The passage says that _______. However, the lecturer refutes the explanation The study/evidence has no scientific basis The lecturer is skeptical of the idea that ________ There is no correlation between ____ and _____ The lecture completely refutes the passage

Nhn v TOEFL Writing 5 The lecture cast doubt on _____ The evidence the lecturer gives challenge the passage to ____

Hai danh sch trn l mt vi th m t cht ngh ra, hy khng ngng c bi mu v bi ca ngi khc c danh sch ca ring bn.

Ci thin cch din t

T vng
T vng chnh l kho cng c m mi khi bn cn cho mt mc ch, bn s ly ra mt th ph hp. Vic c t t s lm bn cm thy v cng kh khn khi din t ca mnh hoc s lm bn phi dng i dng li mt vi t, iu gy nhm chn cho ngi c. c nhiu t vng, cch duy nht l hc (v s dng khng qun). Tuy nhin, trong khong thi gian gii hn ca vic n thi (2 thng hay 3 thng), bn cn phi c chin thut hp l tp trung vo hc cc t vng ph hp vi k thi. Cch hc th no (dng flashcard, dng note, in t in ra, dng quizlet.com...) th hon ton ty thuc vo bn (hy th vi cch khc nhau v tm ra cch ph hp nht), nhng hy th cc chin thut sau. T vng din t kin Hu ht cc bi ca TOEFL u yu cu bn din t kin ch quan ca mnh, v d nh, chn la xem bn thch ci g, khng thch ci g, lm r ci g tt v ci g khng tt lm, ci g quan trng hn v ci g km quan trng... V cho d s lng bi ca TOEFL c phong ph n u th s lng kin bn c th ni v mt th no u c hn. iu ny ng ngha vi vic bn c th hc thuc lng tt c nhng t vng lin quan n cm xc (thch, khng thch), kin (ng h, phn i), tnh cht ca tnh hung (quan trng, n gin, kh khn). c bit, hc cc t ng ngha ca nhng t cng rt quan trng, v bn s phi ni i ni li kin ca mnh trong mt on vn lm lp lun ca mnh thm chc chn. Cch ca t l lp mt ci bng nh th ny
T important busy Phi dng crucial, essential Phi c gng dng vital, critical Th dng ty trng hp fatal hectic

full of activity, tiring, eventful, congested diligent

Trong thi gian n thi, dn dn t lp ra c mt ci bng c n 40 hay 50 hng nh vy v nh c t nht l ct th hai. T vng m t Nhng ch yu cu bn m t v mt ngi, mt vt, mt kinh nghim... cng khng phi him khi xut hin. Hy chun b trc khi n n. Nhng th ph bin m bn nn chun b trc c th miu t bng nhng li c cnh l: people, places, experience, things, culture, entertainment, work, relationship

6 Nhn v TOEFL Writing Vi nhm t vng ny, t cng lp ra mt bng. Hng u l tn nhm t, ct bn tri l cc t d hn (phi nh) v ct bn phi l cc t hi kh hn (nn c gng nh)
People honest respectful supportive ambitious enthusiastic arrogant affable amiable sympathetic impulsive, impetious

Transition terms Danh sch cc transitions v cch dng chng c trong rt nhiu sch v ti liu trn mng. Hy hc thuc tt c (nu bn cha) v dng chng tht nhiu. Nu c thi gian, hy phn chia chng vo cc nhm, v d nh sau Khng nh kin o Definitely o Absolutely i chiu o In contrast o On the contrary o However

T theo chuyn ngnh Cc t theo chuyn ngnh nh cng ngh, y hc, nhn chng hc, thin vn hc... c th khng gip bn nhiu lm trong bi thi writing nhng cng nn dnh thi gian v chng s gip bn nhiu phn khc (ni, c, nghe). Nhng quyn sch phn t vng theo nhm (nh quyn 400 must have words for the TOEFL) c bit hu dng trong trng hp ny. Trang quizlet.com c th gip bn hc kiu flashcards vi cc topic ny nu bn qu li t chp flashcard ca mnh.

Cch dng cu
Ng php Tht thnh tho cc ng php hay dng trong khi vit l iu ti thiu. Hy lm li cc bi tp trong cc sch ng php nu pht hin c phn mnh km (cc th, cu iu kin, s dng cu trc song song, cu b ng...). Vit da dng cu Nhiu ngi ngh rng t im cao TOEFL, bn phi vit tht nhiu cu phc. Thc t l khng phi nh vy. Vit qu nhiu cu phc tht ra rt kh c (mt mi lm), cng nh lm bn tn thi gian hn. Hy hc c cch vit cc cu n (v hon ton t tin vo cu ). Xen k gia vi cu n mi nn c mt cu phc. Ch nn dng cu phc khi th hin s i chiu, gi nh hay tng thut. Vic dng cu phc nh l mt cch n gin ghp hai cu n l nn trnh. Ngoi ra, hy hc cch vit cc cu dng cu trc song song (parallel sentences) cng nh cc cu nu v d (dng such as, ie) mt cch t nhin.

Nhn v TOEFL Writing 7

Kt thc
Hi vng bi vit gip c bn phn no trong vic nh hnh qu trnh hc thi ca mnh. T l mt ngi kh may mn c trong lc n cng nh lc thi. Khi n thi, t c mt ngi bn ngi M (bn Victoria Giang) gip nhit tnh cng nh c mt thy gio gii lp t hc (thy Myo Summit). Mc d rt c gng trong vic t hc t vng v n tp ng php, nu khng c gip ca hai ngi , t kh m ci thin c phong cch din t ca mnh. Hi vng cc bn cng c th t mnh vt qua cc yu im ca mnh, cng nh c c s gip ca nhng ngi ph hp. Nu bn c phn hi g hay c g thy kh hiu trong bi vit ny, hy email cho t a ch vochinhan@gmail.com. V Ch Nhn. Thng 5, 2011.