Class9

Subject Civics

Lesson 4 Working of Institutions

Mcq

1What is Parliament?

A. A national assembly of elected represe ntatives.

B. A state assentativ.
C. Government of India.
D. Organ of government which provide justice
Ans A

Q.2 For how many days the Rajya Sabha can delay a money bill?
(a) 10 days

(b) 12 days
© 14 days
D 11 days
Ans. C

Q.3 No Confidence motion can be passed in

(a) The Rajya Sabha

(b) The Lok Sabha

© The Council of Ministers

D Any of the House

Ans. (b)

Q.4Money Bill can be introduced in

(a) Any of the two Houses

(b) The Lok Sabha only

© The Rajya Sabha only

d.None of the above

Ans. (b)

Q.5.Who chairs the Cabinet meetings ?

 (a) The President
(b) The Governor
(c) The Prime minister
(d) The Party President
Ans C

Q.6Who appoints the Chief Justice of India ?

(a) The Prime Minister

(b) The President

© The Cabine
D The Council of Ministers

Ans. (b)

Q.7The President of India exercises all his powers only on the advice of
(a) The Prime Minister
(b) The Council of Ministers
© The Parliament
(d).The Lok Sabha

Ans. (b)

Q.8 If a bill is passed by the Parliament, it becomes a law only after its assent to it. Gives its
assets to it.

A.The Prime Minister

B.The Council of Ministers

C.The President

D.The Lok Sabha

Ans C

9.Which is the apex court of India?

(a) The High Court

(b) The Supreme Court
(c) The Parliament
(d) The President

Ans. (b)

Q.10 Who appoints the Judges of the Supreme Court?

(a) The Prime Minister

(b) The President
© The Council of Ministers

(d)The Cabinet

Ans. (b)

Q.11 Any order issued by the Government is known as

(a) Office Memorandum

(b) Constitution
(c) Decision
(d) Writ

Ans. (a)

Q.12 In India settle disputes arising out of governmental decisions.

(a) Police
(b) Military
(c) Supreme Court and the High Courts
(d) Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabh

Ans. ©

Q13Several arrangements are made in all modern democracies to run the nation such organisations are
known as

(a) Institutions
(b) Government
(c) Executives
(d) Assemblied

24. Assertion & Reasoning Based Questions:

For question numbers 1 to 3 two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled
Reason ®. Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (i), (ii), (ii) and (to) as given
below:

(e) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the

(if) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion

(iii) A is true but R is false

(iv) A is false but R is true.

01. Assertion: Political executives have more powers.

Reason: They remain in office even when the ruling party changes.

Ans I I I
Q.2. Assertion: Lok Sabha exercises supreme power in most of the matters

Reason: It is the House of the People f5 that I7

Ans a

Q.3. Assertion : Institutions are essential part of the democracies.

Reason: They provide an opportunity for a wider set of people to be.

Ans i

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (1or2marka)

1.Name the three organs of the Government.

Ans Executive ,Legisture ,udiciary

2What is Parliament?

Ans In all democracies, an assembly of elected representatives exercises supreme political authority
on behalf of the people. In India, such

4.Which house has more power in money matters

The lower house or the house of people has more powers in money matters.

5.When does a bill become a law?

A bill becomes a law after it is passed by both houses of Parliament and assent given by the President
to it.

6.Which house is known as the Lower Chamber?

Ans House of people or Lok sabha is known as Lower Chamber of the Parliament.

House of people or Lok Sabha is known as Lower chamber of the Parliament.

7What is Legislature Assembly?

Ans. An assembly of elected representatives exercises supreme political authority on behalf of the
people. In India such a national assembly of elected representatives at the state level is called
Legislature or Legislative Assembly.

8.Who are political executives?

Ans. The executives who are elected by the people for a specific period, are called the political
executive. They take all the major political decisions.

9.Who are permanent executives?

Ans. These are the executives who are appointed on a long term basis. They remain in office even when
the ruling party changes. These officers work under political executive and assist them in carrying out
the day-to-day administration.

10.. Explain No Confidence Motion.

Ans. Only a person who enjoys the support of the Q majority of the members of the Lok Sabha is
appointed as the Prime Minister. If a no confidence motion is moved in the Lok Sabha, and passed then,
the Government has to resign.

11.. Who are Cabinet Ministers ?

They are usually the top level leaders of the ruling party or parties, who are in charge of the major
ministers like Defence,Railway,Foreign, Affairs etc Normal, I ll the major decisions are taken by these
ministers

13.What is judiciary?

Ans All the courts at different levels in a country are called the judiciary. In India we have a three tier
judiciary system i.e., the Supreme Court, the High Court and the District court

14.What is impeachment?

It is a procedure through which judges of the Supreme or the High Courts are removed.

15.ow can a judge of the Supreme Court or High Court be removed?

Ans A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed separately by two-thirds members
of the two Houses of the Parliament.

Short type Answer questions

1.What was Mandal Commission ? Why was it appointed ? State its major recommendations

Ans (I)The Commission appointed by the Government of India in 1979 named as the Second Backward
Classes Commission and headed by B.P. Mandal was called the Mandal Commission.

(i) It was appointed to determine the criteria to identify the socially and educationally
backward classes in India and to recommend steps to be taken for their advancement.
(ii) The major recommendation was that 27% of government jobs be reserved

2Which house of the Parliament is more powerful in India and why? Give reason.

Or

Our Constitution does give the Rajya Sabha some special powers over the states, but Lok
Sabha exercises supreme power. How? Explain.

(1) Ordinary bill: Any ordinary law needs to be passed by both the Houses. But if there is a
difference between the two Houses, the final decision is taken in a joint session in which
 members of both the Houses sit together Because of the larger number of members, the
view of the Lok Sabha is likely to prevail in such a meeting.

(il) Money bill: The Lok Sabha exercises more powers in money matters. Once the Lok Sabha
passes the budget of the government or any other money related law, the Rajya Sabha cannot
reject it. The Rajya Sabha can only delay it by 14 days or suggest changes in it. The Lok Sabha
may Or may not accept these changes.

(iii) No Confidence Motion: Most importantly. The Lok Sabha controls the Council of Ministers.
Only a person who enjoys the support of the majority of the members in the An Lok Sabha is
appointed the Prime Minister. If the majority of the Lok Sabha members say

They have no confidence in the Council of Ministers, all ministers including the Prime Minister,
have to quit. The Rajya Sabha does ✓ not have this power.

3Why do the political executives have more powers than the permanent executives?

Political Executive

(i) They are elected by the people and so they are answerable to the people.
(ii) They are makers of law and policies.
(iii) They are elected by the people and can be changed in the next elections.
(iv) They change with the change in government.

Permanent EExecutiv

(i) They are appointed by the government so they work under the political executives.
(ii) They are incharge of execution of the policies of the gov ernment.
(iii) They are permanent and remain in office even when the ruling party changes.
(iv) They donot change with the change in government.

4What is ‘Collective Describe its significance. Responsibility’?

(i) Collective Responsibility means the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to

the Parliament for its all acts.
(ii) In case the Lok Sabha rejects any bill or policy or decision taken by a Minister or the
Council of Ministers, it is taken to be vote of no confidence and the entire Council
need to resign.

(iii) Principle of collective Responsibility means the entire Council of Ministers sink or
swim together.
Significance :

(i) The whole Cabinet or Council of Ministers work as team.

(ii) All the ministers remain responsible to the Parliament.

 (iii) The Parliament remains supreme.

Constitution.

5.How is Indian judiciary unified? Explain. [

All the courts at different levels in a country put together are called the judiciary. The Indian
judiciary consists of a Supreme Court for the entire nation, High Courts in the states, District
Courts and the Courts at local level.

India has an integrated or unified Judiciary in the following ways:

(i) It means the Supreme Court controls the judicial administration in the country. Its decisions
are binding on all other courts of the country.

(ii) It is the highest court of appeal in civil and criminal cases. It can hear appeals against the
decisions of the High Courts.

(iii) The judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are appointed by the President on the
advice of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

Long Answer questions

1Explain the major powers and functions of the Parliament. [CBSE March 2011,15)

Or

How does Parliament exercise political authority on behalf of the people? Support your answer by giving
any five argument

 Legislative Powers: The Parliament can make laws on all those subjects which have been
given in the Union List and the Concurrent List. Under certain cases, it can also make laws
on those subjects which have been given in the State List.

 Control over Finance: The annual budget of the Central Government is passed by
Parliament. Without Parliament’s approval, the government cannot impose any tax or
incur any expenditure.
 Control over the Executive: The Parliament can seek information regarding administration,
It can pass a resolution of no confidence against the ministry, and ask it to resign.
 Question hours are also quite effective in keeping the government and its ministers under
control.
 Amendment or New Law: No amendment can be made in the Constitution without the
approval of the Parliament.
 Functions related to Elections: The Parliament elects the President, the Vice- President,
Speaker of the Lok Sabha and the Deputy Speaker. Members of the Rajya Sabha elect the
Vice Chairman.
 Declaration of Emergency : The proclamation of emergency by the President is to be
approved by the Parliament.

(vii) Judicial Functions: The Parliament can remove the President, the Vice-President. Judges of the
Supreme Court and the High Courts by passing a resolution of impeachment against them.

Q4 Explain the major powers and functions of the Prime Minister.

(f) Link : The Prime minister is the link between the Cabinet and the President. The decisions of the
Cabinet are conveyed to the President through the Prime Minister it is he who keeps him
informed on all matters of government

(II) Formation of the Cabinet : The Prime Minister prepares the list of his Council of Ministers and sends
it to the President. He can reshuffle his Council of Ministers whenever he likes. He can also ask any
minister to resign if he is not satisfied by his working

(iv) Leader of the Lok Sabha : The Prime Minister presides over the meetings of the
Cabinet. He maintains co-ordination between different departments of the
government.

(v) Foreign Affairs: The Prime Minister plays an important role in the management of
foreign affairs. He formulates the internal and external policies of the country

(vi) Leader of the Party: The Prime Minister has the main say in framing the policy of his
party

(vii) Leader of the Nation : The Prime Minister is the most important leader of the
nation. People always eagerly hear his views His views related to any internal or
external policy heard more carefully
 5Explain the major powers of the President. [CBSE March 2012]

Ans. (i) Administrative Head: He is the head of the State. The administration of the
country runs in his name. All orders are issued in his name.

(i) Appoints and dismisses the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers: He appoints the
Prime Minister and on his advice, he appoints other ministers in the Council of Ministers. He
administers the oath of office to them. The Prime Minister and the Ministers submit their
resignation to him, if required.

(ii) To summon and prorogue the Parliament: He summons both Houses of the Parliament to
session. He directs a joint session of both Houses to be held. He can also prorogue the
Parliament.

(iii) To dissolve the Lok Sabha : The President has the power to dissolve the Lok Sabha on the
advice of the Prime Minister, before the expiry of its full term.

(iv) Nomination of the Member of Parliament or the M.Ps: The President nominates 12 M.Ps. to
the Rajya Sabha from amongst outstanding contributors to literature, science, social service
or art. He may also nominate two M.Ps. of the Anglo- Indian community to the Lok Sabha, if
this community is not adequately represented.
(v) Assent to the Legislation: The Presidents’ assent on a bill is necessary to become a
law.

6Write a short note on the Appellate Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.

Ns. (i) Original Jurisdiction : The original jurisdiction extends to those cases which
the Supreme Court has the authority to hear and decide in the first instance.

• Between citizens of the country;

Between citizens and government;

Between two or more state governments, and

Between governments at the union and state level.

(ii) Appellate Jurisdiction : It is the highest court of appeal in civil and criminal cases.
It can hear appeals Against the decisions of the High Courts.

(iv) Advisory Jurisdiction : As the highest court in the country, the Supreme Court gives
legal advice to the President of India on any legal or constitutional matter referred
to it. However, the advice is not binding on the Supreme Court.
(v) Guardian of the Constitution: The Supreme Court acts as the guardian, and final
interpreter of the Constitution. If the government passes any law or issues any order
which is in violation of the Constitution, the Supreme Court has the power to
declare the law or order unconstitutional.

(vi) Guardian of Fundamental Rights : The Supreme Court also acts as a guardian of the
fundamental rights of the citizens. When a fundamental rights of any citizen is
violated by the government or any individual he cam seek the protection of the
Supreme Court. Write a note on the independence of the