Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila
Trends, Networks,
and Critical
Thinking in the
21st Century
ICT in our Everyday Life
Quarter 2 - Week 4
Most Essential Learning Competencies:
• Explain how information communication technology can
facilitate social relationships and political movements
(occupy movements)
• Propose a creative intervention to improve human life using
ICT
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HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to successfully
enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!
1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page of
this module.
2. Write in your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing enhances
learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!
PARTS OF THE MODULE
• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing the
lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings and
skills you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction - This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Discussion - This section provides a short discussion of the lesson. This aims
to help you discover and understand new concepts and skills.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of the
lessons.
• Check your understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.
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EXPECTATIONS
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Explain how information communication technology can facilitate
social relationships and political movements (occupy movements).
2. Make or propose a creative intervention to improve human life.
PRETEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is NOT a result of ICT development?
A. ATM C. Spotify
B. Online banking D. None of the above
2. Which of the following is the sociologist who defined the term digital divide
and what we can do to tackle it.
A. Jan Van Dijk C. George Mead
B. Thomas Hobbes D. Robert Merton
3. Which of the following best defines Digital divide?
A. digital quality existing in the society
B. the gap between the rich and poor
C. the digital inequality existing in the society
D. the gap between people who has access to internet and those who
cannot
4. Which of the following is an acronym for DICT?
A. Department of Information and Computer Technology
B. Department of Industrial Computer Technology
C. Department of Information and Communications Technology
D. Department of Industrial Communications Technology
5. Most people living in developed countries have access to modern technology,
high-speed connections to the internet, and solid data plans as well as the
availability of more advanced and sophisticated devices while many people
living in third world countries lack such privileges sometimes even access to
the internet is a problem. What do you call this situation?
A. Digital Awareness C. Digital Inclusion
B. Digital Divide D. Digital Admissions
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Lesson
1 Impact of ICT in Everyday Life
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
The rapid technological advancement ushers us to an era where information
and communication are at the tip of one's finger. We are all becoming more familiar
with the extraordinary power of it. ICTs have much potential to improve the
standards of living throughout the world. Our challenge now is to harness that
potential for the benefit of all people. In this lesson, we are going to learn how ICT
has affected the lives of the people in a society.
DISCUSSIONS
ICTs are an undeniably important part of our social environment today. They
also enter our social change imagery. What changes and adjustments have ICT
brought into our everyday lives? How does it influence our lives as citizens? What
are its potentials in making our world a better place for all humankind? Let us read
the following points that serve as an example.
Entertainment
The world of entertainment has greatly changed because of ICT. We have seen
advancements in the speed of processors, graphic cards, monitors, and accelerators.
Digital broadcasting has dominated television
technologies. Today, we see flat-screen
televisions and mobile phone technologies we
have not seen before! Televisions expanded its
creative possibilities by airing not just about
public affairs programs but also sports,
culinary arts, travel, and reality shows like
Pinoy Big Brother and The Voice. Meanwhile,
in Broadcasting networks, it is possible now to watch their programs again even after
they have been aired through websites such as YouTube, or iwanttv. The music
industry has also adopted these changes in the way how they produce, create, and
disseminate music. Unlike before where we still buy CD’s or DVD’s of our favorite
artists, we can now hear their music through applications such as iTunes, Spotify or
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Deezer, which led to most record shops being closed or downgraded their operations.
Education
As we all know, many educators are already using and infusing technology as a
teaching-learning pedagogy using different platforms. It recognizes the value of ICT
and its effectiveness in teaching, learning, and managing educational institutions.
Schools and universities are investing in constructing computer laboratories,
providing both software and hardware facilities, and even expanding internet access
even in remote areas of the country. In a study by Kulik (1994), it reveals that ICT
enhances both learning and teaching. As the learner establishes a one-on-one
relationship with the software, he or she can navigate with confidence the
instructions and work on exercises independently thus making the user responsible
for his learning. We cannot also deny the fact that the Internet help learners gain
additional knowledge through learning online resources. Both teachers and learners
benefit from this and it is very evident today as teachers now not only use chalk and
board but are also becoming techy as they try to innovate and infuse ICT in teaching.
Especially now that we are shifting in the new normal, our education system should
adapt to the changes that are happening. The Department of Education introduced
modalities of how learnings shall be delivered in “new normal”. These are Distance
Learning and Blended Learning, wherein in these modalities, the teacher and learner
will meet virtually and do their activities synchronous or asynchronous. It also
includes Television, Radio-Based Instructions, and even recorded videos that are
shown in the social media for the learning of the students. This is the time when ICT
really helps us adapt in situations like this.
Banking and E-commerce
We also see the change ICT has made in this area. Every time we use an
automated teller machine (ATM), our identification details recorded in the magnetic
strip of our card are transmitted to the bank for verification so that we will be able
to do our transaction. ATM’s are networked to a central computer that keeps all the
records of their clients in a huge database. We also see that most banks have their
own banking apps where clients can enroll their accounts to check their balances,
transfer money, pay bills anytime and anywhere. Real estate transactions may be
concluded using specific websites that specialize in real estate goods. Today, even
government transactions such as renewal of passports, obtaining birth certificates,
and payment of real estate taxes can be done online through credit cards and similar
facilities such as PayPal, Gcash, Paymaya, Grabpay and other e-wallets.
Governance and Public Services
In 2011, the digital roadmap of the Philippine Government was first released and
provided the implementation of strategies that should strengthen the development of
e-government, defined as a government that uses ICT to improve the activities of
public sector organizations. This is when the Department of Information and
Communications Technology (DICT) was created. Many government services are now
available online like renewing are applying for passport and license, obtain birth,
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marriage, and death certificates check social security payments, check compliance
with traffic rules etc.
Now that we have established that the end of the 20th century ushered in immense
and groundbreaking developments in ICT, let’s examine how, despite functioning as
a means of connecting people, communities, and nations, ICT can still trigger what
we call the digital divide.
What is digital divide?
The digital divide is a term that describes the uneven distribution of information
and communication technologies (ICTs) in society. Sociologist, Jan van Dijk defined
the digital divide as “the gap between those who do and do not have access to
computers and the internet” (2006). It exists between those in city centers and those
in remote rural areas; between the literate and illiterate; educated and non-educated,
socioeconomic groups; and globally, between high-income countries and low-income
countries. Lack of access to the internet is only one aspect, but also the speed and
that of the availability of internet access at an affordable cost.
One example of this is in our country, a report made by Arangkada Philippines
showed that close to 79 percent of public schools in the Philippines are still without
internet access. Out of 38,683 public primary schools, only 14 percent (5,400
schools) have internet access and around 55 percent (4,300 schools) out of 7,915
public secondary schools are connected to the internet. Other reasons why Filipinos
are unable to access the benefits of the internet include the lack of money to afford
its costs or the gadgets and even the loss of electricity in some areas.
The gap that exists between those who have access and those who do not have
will not be easy to mend. We need to understand the situation to address what needs
to be done to close this gap. Digital inclusion is defined as the ability of individuals
and groups to access and use information and communication technologies. It is the
response to digital divide on how ICT can unite more than divide, how digital
technologies can touch the lives of the poor and marginalized sectors, and how ICT
can empower people and institutions and help turn the tide against poverty,
discrimination, exclusion, and political persecutions.
Bradbook and Fisher (2009) advocated the five C’s of digital inclusion.
• Connectivity – pertains to access and connections to the structures that provide
access.
• Capability – can be used interchangeably with skill. It also needs to be upgraded
on a regular basis, given the rapid development in the field of ICT.
• Content – Pertains to how content is made relevant to its users and within their
contexts.
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• Confidence – Users should believe in the efficacy of ICT to improve their lives.
• Continuity – Digital inclusion should advocate the usefulness of ICT to everyday
life and how it could mitigate the problems surrounding the modern world.
According to the policy researchers of the University of Maryland, the following 3 A’s
should guide the policymakers in crafting legislation.
• Access – Services and facilities should be available and affordable. Its design
should be user friendly.
• Adoption – The citizenry should realize that ICT skills are relevant to their lives.
• Application – ICT should find its application in economic and workforce
development, education, healthcare, public safety and emergency services,
civic engagement, and socialization.
In the end, it is we who manage these technologies. Ultimately, the goal is to
use ICT to build a better world so that it can win the war against these. The vision of
digital inclusion will be animated by people who will create technologies that are
humane and just and committed to resolving the problems of the world. Eliminating
the digital divide is the goal of many international organizations and associations
dealing with internet governance all over the world.
Equal access to the internet goes hand in hand with equal economic and social
conditions that countries must ensure for their citizens. It is important to provide
the younger generations with adequate digital education in order to raise good digital
citizens and improve the media literacy of all sections of the population, especially
vulnerable minorities.
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ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.1 Solve the problem!
Today we are entering the new normal set-up of education by having online classes.
The use of ICT is very evident to this. A number of students and teachers will surely
need to adjust, and we cannot deny the fact that due to digital divide, we are
confronting issues.
Directions: List possible issues that you may encounter in this new normal setup of
education. Applying what you learned about digital inclusion, give solutions that you
think of to these problems.
Problems encountered Solutions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.2. Digital Divide Poster/Drawing/Symbol
Direction: Using your creativity, make a poster/drawing/symbol that shows the
effects of digital divide on students and teachers and how digital inclusion programs
could make it better.
Digital Divide Digital Inclusion
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Rubrics:
Criteria Points
Creativity (Artistry) 30 pts
Content (Relevance of the topic) 40 pts
Originality (Uniqueness of your work) 30pts
Total 100 pts
ACTIVITIES
Activity 1.3 Change is Constant!
Directions: Because of ICT, undeniably many things have changed. Research and
give examples/situations on how ICT changed our lifestyle in the past to present in
terms of these aspects. List as many as you can.
Past Present
Entertainment
Education
Elections
Business
Security
Medicine
Agriculture
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Directions: Read each question carefully and answer them in 3-5 sentences. Write
them in a separate sheet paper.
1. How does ICT improve your quality of life as a student?
2. How do you think can ICT help the government enhance the
delivery of service and increase transparency in government
transactions?
3. How valuable is ICT in enhancing teaching and learning? Do you
think there are negative effects?
REMEMBER
• ICT permeates every aspect of our life and the world has changed so
much because of it including education, government, banking and e-
commerce, entertainment, etc.
• Digital divide is a term that describes the uneven distribution of
information and communication technologies (ICTs) in society.
• Digital inclusion is the response to digital divide on how ICT can unite
more than divide.
• Digital inclusion is defined as the ability of individuals and groups to
access and use information and communication technologies.
• The goal of ICT is to build a better world so that it can win the war
against poverty, discrimination, exclusion, and even political
persecution.
POST TEST
Now we are going to test what you have learned from this module!
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is
wrong.
1. Digital divide is a term that describes the even distribution of information and
communication technologies (ICTs) in society.
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2. Lack of access to the internet, speed, and the availability of internet access
are the common problems in digital divide.
3. Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT) aspires
for the Philippines to develop and flourish through innovation and constant
development of ICT in the pursuit of a progressive, safe, secured, contented
and happy Filipino nation.
4. Digital inclusion is the response to digital divide to ensure that all individuals
and communities, including the most disadvantaged, have access to and use
of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)
5. Free Wi-Fi hotspots, Public access computers, Partnering with broadband
providers to offer low-cost broadband are examples of digital inclusion.
6. ICT have little contribution when it comes to our environment.
7. A country's economic growth cannot be attributed to the importance or
development given to ICT.
8. Physical disability, gender discrimination, geographic location, socioeconomic
status are factors that constrain access in ICT.
9. The ‘Application’ in 3 A's means that citizenry should realize that ICT skills
are relevant in our lives.
10. ‘Confidence’ in five C's by Bradbook and Fisher means we need to upgrade
our skills given the rapid development in the field of ICT.
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REFERENCES
Online Journals and Articles:
Angara, S. (2020, June 18). The challenge of education in the new normal: Sonny M. Angara.
Retrieved September 16, 2020, from https://businessmirror.com.ph/2020/06/19/the-
challenge-of-education-in-the-new-normal/
IT for Change. (2013, September 01). ICTs for empowerment and social transformation - A
note prepared by IT for Change for ActionAid International. Retrieved September 21,
2020, from https://itforchange.net/index.php/icts-for-empowerment-and-social-
transformation-a-note-prepared-by-it-for-change-for-actionaid-0
Downing, J. D., & Brooten, L. (2009). ICTs and political movements. Oxford Handbooks
Online. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548798.003.0023
Brown, T. (2020). The Importance of Information and Communication Technology ...
Retrieved September 21, 2020, from https://itchronicles.com/information-and-
communication-technology/the-importance-of-information-and-communication-
technology-ict/
Digital Inclusion. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2020, from
https://www.webjunction.org/explore-topics/digital-inclusion.html
Books:
Ariloa, M. (2016). Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st
Century. Unlimited Books Library and Services Publishing Inc. First
Edition.
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REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET
Directions: Take a moment to read the short article below. Then, reflect on it. One
of the challenges in today’s education is your time management skill. Now make a
daily routine schedule in this new normal that might help you to avoid online stress
or fatigue and to keep yourself on track! You may answer in a separate sheet of paper.
The challenge of education in the new normal
By: Sonny M. Angara
June 19, 2020
© Copyright 2020 BusinessMirror
As for the case of improving how blended learning can be unpacked for our children,
we must call on and support an integral resource for the family: the parents. Indeed,
parents—and guardians—must be empowered to help the learning process of the
students.
Fortunately, the UNICEF has some helpful tips on how parents can help their
children learn. The first is that parents can be the ones to set a routine that integrates
time for studies and education through online and media sources, while balancing it
with other social and play activities that a child also needs. Next, parents should
keep open lines of communication, particularly if children are linking what they are
learning to what is happening right now in our world. Parents can help their children
process what they are learning. Parents can also be the ones to train their children
to get into the swing of longer and longer educational sessions, and at the same time,
they can monitor their children’s online activity, and what resources they are
accessing. Finally, parents and teachers should communicate with one another—
just as the teacher is now the one who creates the learning modules that students
will use on a local level, so it is that parents should also be aware of how to maximize
learning from these educational packages.
All these issues should be carefully and properly built into the educational system
for the new normal. While I applaud the determination and dedication of our
education sector, if it cannot be done by August, then the opening of school should
be postponed until such time as all these changes can be implemented. After all, we
will be dealing with the shadow of the Covid-19 pandemic for some time. Just as the
adage goes that an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, so it is that more
time for preparation can prevent larger educational issues from happening in the
future
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Management and Development Team
Schools Division Superintendent: Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V
Chief Education Supervisor: Aida H. Rondilla
CID Education Program Supervisor: Amalia C. Solis
CID LR Supervisor: Lucky S. Carpio
CID-LRMS Librarian II: Lady Hannah C Gillo
CID-LRMS PDO II: Albert James P. Macaraeg
Editor/s: Mark Lester C. Cuayzon MT-II (Content), Restituto G.
Lumacang Jr., T-III (Language)
Writer: Hannah Grace F. Tosio, T-I
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