BO CO N

KIM TON NNG LNG

NH MY GIY HA KHNH

TM TT
Vi s h tr ca Ban Gim c Nh my giy Ha Khnh, chng ti tin
hnh tm kim v nghin cu cc gii php tit kim nng lng. Cng tc ny nhm
phn tch, nhn dng v a ra phng n thc hin cc gii php tit kim nng
lng kh thi cho Nh my, nhm nng cao hiu qu s dng nng lng, TKNL,
gim chi ph sn xut, gim nhim mi trng.
Thi gian thc hin kim ton nng lng ti Nh my t ngy 16/4/2010 22/4/2010 vi s phi hp ca cc cn b k thut ca Nh my.
Tt c cc s liu s dng trong bo co kim ton u c thu thp v o
lng ti ch bng cc thit b o m, bn cu hi v thng qua tho lun vi cn b
vn hnh trong thi gian kho st.
Bo co kim ton nng lng tng th ny gip xy dng mt ci nhn tng
th v hin trng tiu th nng lng trong cc b phn v cng on sn xut khc
nhau trong Nh my.
Qua t kim toan nng lng ny, cac c hi tit kim nng lng a c
phat hin, nghin cu phn tich. Cc kt qu phn tch nh gi u da trn tnh
trng vn hnh v ch hot ng hin nay ca Nh my.
Cc gii php a ra u c vn u t thp v thi gian thu hi vn ngn.
thc hin trn b cc gii php TKNL ny, vn u t ca Nh my l 617,7 triu
ng, trong khi li ch em li hng nm ln n 445,399 triu ng. Nh vy thi
gian thu hi vn khong 17 thng.
V in nng, mi nm cng ty tit kim c khong 5,92%. Xt v chi ph
nng lng, mi nm cng ty tit kim mt khon ln n 10,82%. Vy hiu qu v
kinh t l rt ln.
Cc gii php v tit kim nng lng nhn dng c trnh by trong bng
di y.

BNG TM TT CC C HI TIT KIM NNG LNG

STT

1
2
3
4

Gii php

u t
Nng lng tit
(triu ng)
kim

Chi ph tit
kim (triu
ng/nm)

Thi gian hon

vn n

Thay n hunh quang

thng thng T10 bng
bng tit kim in T5
Lp thit b Powerboss
cho ng c my nghin
Tn dng nhit khi thi
hm nng nc cp
cho l hi

9,7

7.200
(kWh/nm)

8,179

13 thng

103

67.160
(kWh/nm)

72,9

17 thng

55

25,9 Tn than

72

9 thng

Thay l hi

450

104 Tn than

292,32

19 thng

445,399

17 thng

Tng s

617,7

I.

THNG TIN CHUNG V DOANH NGHIP

Tn doanh nghip: Nh my giy Ha Khnh

a ch lin lc: khu cng nghip Ho Khnh

S cn b cng nhn vin: 150 ngi

Nguyn liu chnh: Giy vn cc loi
Sn phm chnh: Giy bao b carton

Cng sut thit k: 20.000 tn

Sn lng nm c s: 13.482 tn/ nm

Tiu th nng lng cc loi:

Than (tn):

986 tn/nm

Du:

in:

1.256.864 kWh/nm

Gas:

S ca lm vic trong ngy: 3 ca

Thi gian vn hnh trong nm (ngy/nm): 300 ngy/nm

II. TNH HNH V SN XUT

II.1. Tnh hnh sn xut thc t
Sn lng giy thnh phm ca Nh my cc thng trong nm 2009 c cho
bng 1 sau y:
Bng 2.1 - Sn lng giy cc thng trong nm 2009
Nm 2009

Giy thnh phm,

(tn)

Thng 1

780

Thng 2

900

Thng 3

870

Thng 4

990

Thng 5

900

Thng 6

990

Thng 7

960

Thng 8

1230

Thng 9

1302

Thng 10

1200

Thng 11

1620

Thng 12

1740

Biu sn lng giy thnh phm trong nm 2009

2000
1800

Sn lng giy, tn

1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1

10

11

12

Thng

Hnh 2.1 - Biu sn lng giy thnh phm cc thng trong nm 2009
Qua biu , chng ta nhn thy tnh hnh sn xut ca Doanh nghip c nhng
bin ng nht nh. Vo nhng thng cui nm (thng 11 v 12) sn lng giy tng
ln ti cc i, iu ny l do vo nhng thng cui nm, doanh nghip y mnh sn
xut, th trng cn cung nhiu. Ngoi ra, sn lng giy thnh phm trong thng 01 03 t mc ti thiu, iu l do nh my ang trong giai on sa cha bo dng
thit b v ngh tt cui nm.
II.2. Quy trnh sn xut
2.2.1 S quy trnh sn xut
Hot ng sn xut giy cc sn phm giy ca Nh my c thc hin theo quy
trnh sau y:

Nguyn liu
Chn lc
Nghin
Gung bt

My xeo

Thnh phm
Phn loi
Nhp kho
Hnh 2.2 Quy trnh cng ngh ca nh my

2.2.2 nh gi v tnh trng mi trng

Nh my Giy Tn Long sn xut Giy gy nhim mi trng, tuy nhin
mc va phi. Cc ngun gy nhim chnh bao gm:
- Kh thi: Nh my s dng 03 l hi ng la t than cc, nhit khi sau khi
ra ng khi rt cao lm nh hng mi trng v tht thot nhit.
- Nc thi: Nc sn xut sau khi qua s dng mt phn s dng li, phn cn
li tht thot qua ng nc thi, lan trn ln mt t gy nh hng mi trng.
- Cht thi rn: Cht thi rn t Nh my ch yu l x than, cc ph phm t qu
trnh la chn v phn loi giy ph liu. X than khng c x l ba bn trn mt
t gy mt m quan v gy nhim mi trng.

III. HIN TRNG S DNG NNG LNG

III.1. H thng cung cp nng lng
3.1.1. H thng cung cp nng lng in
Hin nay, Nh my mua in ca EVN cp 6kV thng qua 1 trm bin p l
560 kVA vi n gi tin in c tnh theo n gi mi mc ba gi nh sau:
Gi bnh thng : 955 VND/kWh
a ) Gm cc ngy t th Hai n th By
+ T 04h00 n 9h30 (5h30 pht).
+ T 11h30 n 17h00 (5h30 pht).
+ T 20h00 n 22h00 (02h).
b ) Ngy Ch nht :
+ T 04h00 n 22h00 (18h)
Gi cao im : 1.900 VND/kWh
a ) Gm cc ngy t th Hai n th By
+ T 09h30 n 11h30 (02h).
+ T 17h00 n 20h00 (03h).
b ) Ngy Ch nht : khng c gi cao im.
Gi thp im : 540 VND/kWh
Tt c cc ngy trong tun: t 22h00 n 04h ngy hm sau
3.1.2. H thng cung cp nng lng than
Hin nay, nhu cu nng lng than c Nh my mua trc tip t Cng ty than
Nng Sn. Than c vn chuyn bng ng b cung cp n Nh my.
Loi than tiu th ti Nh my l than cc 3. n gi than trung bnh l 2.800
VN/kg v lng than tiu th trung bnh hng thng l 80 tn.
III.2. Nhu cu nng lng
3.2.1. Nhu cu in nng
Nhm kim ton tin hnh o ti Nh my t 10 gi ngy hm trc n 9 gi ngy
hm sau. in nng s dng cho cc thit b c phn tch mt cch chi tit v cn k.
Vic phn tch ny da trn s kho st o c thc t v nhng thng tin thu thp t
cn b qun l v cng nhn lm vic ti Nh my.

Bng 3.1 - S liu ph ti trong 1 ngy kho st

Gi trong ngy
(h)

in nng tiu th
(kWh)

Gi trong ngy
(h)

in nng tiu th
(kWh)

10

325

22

163

11

319

23

145

12

297

24

140

13

361

130

14

406

123

15

288

113

16

221

135

17

244

127

18

220

184

19

239

203

20

200

258

21

159

281

Biu in nng tiu th ngy 18-19/4/2010

450

in nng tiu th, kWh

400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

Gi trong ngy

Hnh 3.1 - th ph ti ca Nh my mt ngy sn xut in hnh

Biu ph ti in ch r tnh trng tiu th in ton doanh nghip mt cch

tng qut. C th thy rng nhu cu in ca doanh nghip bin i theo tng thi im,
ph thuc vo tnh hnh sn xut.
3.2.2. Nhu cu nng lng than
Ti Nh my hin c 3 l hi kiu ng t than, hu ht cc l c cng sut nh,
tiu hao nhin liu ln, nhit khi thi rt cao. Di y l lng than tiu th trung
bnh ca cc l hi ti Nh my.
Bng 3.2 - lng than tiu th trung bnh ca cc l hi ti Nh my.
TT

Tn gi l hi

Cng sut (kg/h)

Lng than tiu

th (kg than)

L hi s 1

1.000

148

L hi s 2

1.000

162

L hi s 3

1.200

170

III.3. Tiu th nng lng v sn phm

Nh my chuyn sn xut, gia cng v kinh doanh giy cun, thng cartong cc
loi. Ngun nng lng s dng ch yu l in, than.
Qua qu trnh kho st, chng ti nhn thy lng nc cn thit cung cp cho
qu trnh sn xut l khng ln, hu ht Nh my t x l nc thi v a vo ti s
dng. V vy, trong phn nh gi chng ti ch i su vo phn tch hin trng s dng
in v than ti Nh my.
3.3.1. Tiu th in nng v sn phm
in nng tiu th trung bnh hng thng ti Nh my l 104.000kWh. Chi ph
tin in trung bnh 113,7 triu ng/thng
Sn lng giy thnh phm v lng in tiu th ca cc thng trong nm 2009
c th hin cc bng di y:

10

Nm 2009
Thng 1
Thng 2
Thng 3
Thng 4
Thng 5
Thng 6
Thng 7
Thng 8
Thng 9
Thng 10
Thng 11
Thng 12

Bng 3.3 - Sn lng giy v chi ph in trong nm 2009

in
Giy thnh phm (tn)
kWh
Thnh tin, VND
73.008
79.286.688
780
84.896
92.197.056
900
80.832
87.783.552
870
93.408
101.441.088
990
84.332
91.584.552
900
90.928
98.747.808
990
87.664
95.203.104
960
114.832
124.707.552
1230
120.800
131.188.800
1302
111.936
121.562.496
1200
151.248
164.255.328
1620
162.976
176.991.936
1740
Biu so snh in nng v sn lng giy
trong nm 2009

180000

2000

160000

1800

in nng, kWh

1400

120000

1200
100000
1000
80000
800
60000

Sn lng giy, tn

1600

140000

600

40000

400

20000

200

0
1

10

11

12

Thng
in nng tiu th,kWh

Sn lng giy, tn

Hnh 3.2 - Biu sn lng giy v chi ph in trong nm 2009

Qua biu , chng ta nhn thy c hai ng c tnh c nhng sai lch nht
nh, iu l do khi thng k s liu lng sn phm v lng in nng ti Nh my
khng thng nht.
3.3.2. Tiu th than v sn phm
11

Lng than tiu th hng thng bnh qun ti Nh my l 80 tn. Chi ph do tiu
th than khong 229 triu ng/thng.
Sn lng giy thnh phm v lng than tiu th ca cc thng trong nm 2009
c th hin cc bng di y:
Bng 3.4 - Sn lng giy v chi ph than trong nm 2009
Nm 2009
Than
Giy thnh phm
(tn)
Tn
Thnh tin(ng)
Thng 1

48

134.400.000

780

Thng 2

62

173.600.000

900

Thng 3

60

168.000.000

870

Thng 4

66

184.800.000

990

Thng 5

63

176.400.000

900

Thng 6

68

190.400.000

990

Thng 7

72

201.600.000

960

Thng 8

94

263.200.000

1230

Thng 9

112

313.600.000

1302

Thng 10

98

274.400.000

1200

Thng 11

125

350.000.000

1620

Thng 12

116

324.800.000

1740

12

700

140

600

120

500

100

400

80

300

60

200

40

100

20

Sn lng giy, tn

Than tiu th, tn

Biu so snh than tiu th v sn lng giy

trong nm 2009

0
1
Thng

5
6
7
Sn lng giy, tn

8
9
10
Than tiu th, tn

11

12

Hnh 3.3 - Biu sn lng giy v chi ph than trong nm 2009

Qua biu , chng ta nhn thy lng than tiu th v sn lng giy thnh
phm ti doanh nghip tng i n nh, iu l do doanh nghip c cc phng
php thng k, qun l mt cch hp l vn hnh tt.

III.4.

Cn bng nng lng in

Ti xng sn xut ca Nh my, h thng in c s dng cp in cho

cc ng c my nghin, my xeo v cc thit b tiu th in khc, c th theo bng
sau:

13

Bng 3.5 - Danh mc cc thit b sn xut tiu th in

S
lng

Cng sut P1
(kw)

Thi gian vn hnh

(gi/ngy)

ng c my nghin H Lan

04

45

08

ng c my nghin thu lc

05

30

18

ng c my nghin thu lc

01

75

12

ng c my nghin a

01

22

06

ng c my nghin a

03

37

06

ng c my nghin a

01

45

06

ng c my nghin a

01

75

06

ng c my gung bt

06

7,5

20

My xeo

04

15

16

ng c bm nc l hi

02

2,2

16

ng c bm nc

04

2,5

16

ng c qut gi l hi

03

1,5

16

Tn thit b

Hnh 3.4 Cn bng nng lng

Bng sau y so snh gia phn trm cng sut vn hnh v phn trm in nng
tiu th ca tng h s dng in.
Bng 3.6 - in nng v cng sut in tiu th trong thi gian kho st
Mc ch s dng

Cng sut vn
hnh

in nng tiu th
(%)

H thng my nghin

67%

64%

H thng my xeo

6%

14%

H thng my gung bt

5%

2%

H thng l hi

6%

6%

14

H thng bm nc

7%

6%

Cc thit b thnh phm

8%

6%

Ph ti vn phng

1%

2%

Cc h tiu th c cng sut vn hnh b nhng tiu th in nhiu l do chng

c thi gian vn hnh di (h thng my xeo). Ngc li cc h tiu th c cng sut
vn hnh ln thng c thi gian vn hnh ngn hn (vn hnh gin on khng lin
tc) (my nghin).

15

IV. CC C HI TIT KIM NNG LNG ECO

IV.1. C hi 1 (ECO1): Thay bng n hunh quang thng thng T10

bng bng n hunh quang tit kim in T5

a. Hin trng
H thng chiu sng tiu th khong 1% tng in nng tiu th ca ton Nh
my. Cc b n chiu sng hin nay l loi 40W v chn lu st t. Tng s bng n
hin nay l 100 bng. Bng di y thng k chi tit s lng n trong cc khu vc.
Bng 4.1 - Thng k n chiu sng trong cc khu vc
Stt

Khu vc

Loi n

S lng
(bng)

S dng
(gi/ngy)

01

Xng sn xut

Hunh quang 40W

88

16

02

Vn phng

Hunh quang 40W

12

Trung bnh

15

b. Phng n ci thin
Cc b n hunh quang truyn thng T10-40W s dng chn lu st t nh hin
nay, nn thay chng bng th nhng b n hunh quang T5 28W v chn lu in t
c hiu qu chiu sng cao, t tn hao:
Nhng u im ca b n hunh quang s dng chn lu in t:
- Khng cn chut, khi ng tc th ngay khi bt n.
- H s cng sut gn nh bng 1, do dng in chy trn dy dn in b hn,
lm dy in mt hn.
- Khng c ting n, gim bt s pht tn nhit.
- Tiu tn t in nng hn cc b n truyn thng.
- Hot ng ngay c trong trng hp in p thp, lm gia tng tui th bng n.
c. Li ch chi ph
Bng 4.1.2 sau y so snh hiu qu ca n T10-40W s dng chn lu thng
v n T5-28W s dng chn lu in t tit kim nng lng.

16

Bng 4.2 nh gi li ch v chi ph ca phng n chiu sng

STT

Ch tiu/Thng s

n v

B n
(T10)

B n
(T5)

S lng bng n

Ci

100

100

S lng chn lu

Ci

100

100

Gi bng n

VND

10.000

29.000

Gi chn lu

VND

36.000

65.000

Gi mt b n

VND

96.000

175.000

Tng tin u t

VND

9.600.000

17.500.000

Tng chi phi gia tng

VND

Cng sut tiu th mt bng n

Wh

40

28

Cng sut tiu th mt chn lu

Wh

12

10

Cng sut tiu th mt b n

Wh

52

32

11

S gi s dng trong ngy

Gi

12

12

12

S ngy s dng trong nm

Ngy

300

300

13

in nng tiu th trong1 nm

kW

18.720

11.520

14

in nng tit kim

kW

7.200

15

Gi in bnh qun

VND

1.136

16

S tin tit kim trong 1 nm

VND

8.179.200

17

Thi gian hon vn

Thng

13

18

Chit khu

%/nm

12%

19

Thi gian kho st

Nm

20

Gi tr hin ti thun (NPV)

VND

21.584.186

7.900.000

Nh vy, gii php thay th cc bng n hunh quang 40W chn lu st t bng
b n hunh quang tit kim nng lng T5-28W vi chn lu in t s gip tit kim
mi nm 7.200kWh in, tng ng vi 8,179triu VN.
Theo nh tnh ton th thi gian hon vn gin n l 13 thng, nh vy thi gian
hon vn nhanh, vn u t thp v lng in nng tit kim c hng nm l ng
k.

17

IV.2. C hi 2 (ECO2): Lp t thit b Powerboss cho ng c my

nghin thu Lc 30kW
a. Hin trng
Qua kho st, chng ti nhn thy cc ng c my nghin lun hot ng ch
non ti, cng sut trung bnh ng c t c l 50% so vi cng sut nh mc,
ng c hot ng vi ti thay i v khng s dng ht cng sut ng c. V vy ng
c s tiu th mt lng in nng ln, iu ny gy tn hao v in nng, lm cos
ng c thp, mt phn in nng s chuyn thnh nhit lm nng cun dy v lm rung
roto, dn n ng c pht ra ting n, gi ho cht cch in, mi mn c kh nh
hng n tui th ng c. Hin ti Nh my ang s dng nhiu my nghin thu lc
trong c 02 my nghin giy ang hot ng 12h/ngy cng sut nh mc mi my
l 30kW v 01 my nghin hot ng 24h/ngy c cng sut nh mc l 75kW.
Bng 4.3 - Cc thng s o c ng c my nghin Thu Lc
Tn thit b

S
lng

CS nh mc CS thc t
in p (V)
P1 (kw)
P2 (kw)

ng c my nghin
Thu Lc 30

02

30

14,9

408

0,72

ng c my nghin
Thu Lc 75

01

75

37,8

403

0,67

Cos

Ngoi ra, hin nay ng c s dng phng php khi ng truyn thng (khi
ng trc tip, khi ng sao-tam gic), nn khi khi ng xy ra qu trnh qu xut
hin dng in chy trong cun dy l rt ln khin cho ng c b git mnh, cc cun
dy chu xung dng in tc thi ln gy nguy him cho ng c, nh hng n h
thng in chung ton doanh nghip.
b. Phng n ci thin
H thng iu khin ng c Powerboss l mt thit b dng phn mm iu
khin c tnh nng lin tc gim st tnh trng ti ca ng c v cp va in nng
cn thit cho ng c thc hin tc v. C th thy iu ny qua vic gim kW/gi
ng h o. Bi v trong mt giy, chng trnh iu khin kim tra thay i ca ti
ng c 100 ln tn s thc hin 50Hz nn ng c khng bao gi b tn hi.
Vy gii php ca chng ti a ra l lp t thit b tit kim in nng
POWERBOSS cho ng c my nghin Thu lc.

18

trc khi lp t Powerboss

sau khi lp t Powerboss
Hnh 4.1 S liu kho st ng c my nghin 30kW
Lng tit kim tnh ton c : ( 14,9 - 12,3 )/14.9*100% 17,5 %

Hnh 4.2 Thng s o c ca ng c my nghin 75kW

Vi ng c my nghin 75kW, ta thy h s cos thp hn so vi ng c my
nghin 30kW, do khi lp t Powerboss t l tit kim s cao hn do t l cos tng
nhiu so vi khi lp t ti ng c my nghin 30kW.
Do , chng ti tm tnh t l tit kim chung cho gii php ny 17,5%
c. Li ch chi ph
-

Chi ph u t:
C = 103.000.000 VN
Powerboss cho ng c my nghin thu lc 30kW
23.700.000 VN/ci * 2 ci = 47.400.000 VN
19

Powerboss cho ng c my nghin thu lc 75kW: 55.600.000 VN/ci

- Lng tin tit kim:
B = 72.000.000 VN
o Lng in nng tit kim trong 1 gi:
Qua kho st v thu thp thng tin t cn b qun l, chng ti nhn thy mi
ngy cc ng c my nghin 30kW hot ng khong 12gi v ng c my
nghin 75kW hot ng 24h, 1 nm hot ng 300 ngy
Tng lng in tit kim trong 1 nm l:
D = (14,9*17,7%*2*12 + 37,8*17,7%*24)*300 = 66.402 kW/h
Vy lng tin tit kim trong 1 nm l:
B = 66.402* 1086 = 72.000.000 VN/nm
(Gi in trung bnh ca Nh my l 1086 ng/kWh)
- Thi gian hon vn: T = C/B = 103.000.000 / 72.000.000 17 thng
i vi c hi ny li ch khng ch tit kim in m cn l c hi bo v
ng c, tng tui th ca thit b. Do vy, chng ti kin ngh nn trin khai gii php
ny.
IV.3. C hi 3 (ECO3): Tn dng nhit khi thi l hi hm nng nc

cp cho l hi
a. Hin trng
Qua kho st, hin nay cc l hi ti doanh nghip c nhit khi thi rt cao.
iu ny gy tn tht nhit v nh hng mi trng.
Bng 4.4 - Cc thng s o c ti l hi
TT

Tn gi l hi

Cng sut
(kg/h)

Nhit khi
thi, oC

Lng than
tiu th, kg

Lu lng
khi thi
(m3/h)

L hi s 1

1.000

268

148

1964

L hi s 2

1.000

295

162

1826

L hi s 3

1.200

326

170

1725

b. Phng n ci thin
S dng b trao i nhit ng ng bao quanh ng khi tn dng nhit khi
thi hm nng nc cp vo l hi.
c. Li ch chi ph
20

o Chi ph u t:
C = 55.000.000 VN
- Vt liu:
53.000.000 ng, trong :
o B trao i nhit ng ng: 45.000.000 ng
o Bo n:
2.000.000 ng

o Bm nc nng tun hon: 5.000.000 ng

- Nhn cng + vt t ph:
3.000.000 ng
- Tng chi ph: 55 triu ng
o Lng tin tit kim: B = 72.576.000 VN
- Tng lu lng khi thi ca 3 l hi l: 5.515 m3/h.
- Lng nhit gia nc thnh hi bo ho
Q= D*(I2-I1)
Trong
I2: Entropi ca hi nc p sut bo ho p sut 7bar, tra bng ta c
I2= 2771,12 kj/kg
I1:Entropi ca nc nhit 300C, tra bng ta c
I1= 126,65 kj/kg
T tnh c
Q= D*(I2-I1)= (2771,12-126)*3200/3600=2267 (Kw)
Nhit tr thp nhin liu ca than Qlvt = 28.000 kj/kg
Gi s hiu sut ca l hi l 100% khi sut tiu hao nhin liu l
B1=Q/Qlvt =2267/2800=0.081 (kg/s)
- Khi c thit b trao i nhit nhit nc t 70oC
I1:Entropi ca nc nhit 700C, tra bng ta c
I1= 293 kj/kg
T tnh c
Q= D*(I2-I1)= (2771,12-293)*3200/3600=2118 (Kw)
Gi s hiu sut ca l hi l 100% khi sut tiu hao nhin liu l
B2=Q/Qlvt =2118 /28000 = 0.076 (kg/s)
Nh vy khi s dng b hm nc th chnh lch xut tiu hao nhin liu gia
hai phng n l
B = B2 B1 = 0.005 (kg/s)
Vi thi gian hot ng ngy 4 ting th 1 nm s tit kim c 25.920
Kg than. Vi n gi than l 2.800 /kg th mt nm s tit kim c s tin l

= 25.920*2800= 72.576.000
Nh vy sau 10 thng s hon vn
C hi ny c vn u t thp v thi gian hon vn n nh hn 2 nm nn
khng cn phi nh gi cc ch tiu kinh t khc.

21

IV.4. C hi 4 (ECO4): Thay l hi mi

a. Hin trng
Qua kho st, hin nay cc l hi ti doanh nghip c ch chy khng n nh,
nhit khi thi rt cao. iu ny gy tht thot nng lng, tn tht nhit v nh
hng mi trng.
b. Phng n ci thin
u t mi l hi t than kiu nm cng sut 2 tn hi/gi.
L hi mi theo thit k:
-

L hi mi cng sut 2 tn/h loi 3pass thay cho 2 l hi 1tn/h.

o Do l hi mi c lp thm ng nc pha trc, ng khi i li 3 vng
tun hon nn tiu th than t hn.
S liu than tiu th:
250kg/h
Lu lng kh thi ca l: 2.400 m3/h
Nhit kh thi l:
110 0C

c. Li ch chi ph
Chi ph u t:
C = 450.000.000 VN
Lng tin tit kim:
B = 292.320.000 VN
Lng than tiu th ca 2 l 1tnhi/h l: 310 kg/h.
Khi l hi mi c u t thay th cho 2 l 1tnhi/h bng 1 l 2tnhi/h,
Lng than tiu th ca l mi 2tnhi/h l: 250kg/h.
Lng than tit kim trong mt gi (theo thit k) :
310 250 = 60 kg
Thi gian hot ng: 6h/ngy
Lng than tit kim trong 1 ngy:
(310 250) * 6 = 360 kg
S ngy hat ng/ nm ca l l: 290 ngy
Vy lng than tit kim trong 1 nm l:
360 * 290 = 104.400 kg
Lng tin tit kim trong mt nm:
B = 104.000 * 2800 = 292.320.000 VN
Thi gian hon vn: T = C/B
T = 450.000.000 /292.320.000 = 1,53 nm ( 19 thng)
i vi c hi ny, vn u t cao, kh nng thu hi vn lu. Tuy nhin, khi u
t gii php ny th lng hi cung cp n nh, c th tng cng sut my xeo. Ngoi
ra, li ch mang li khng ch tit kim in m cn gim nhim mi trng nn chng
ti kin ngh doanh nghip nn u t gii php ny.

22

V.

KT LUN V KIN NGH

V.1. Kt lun
Nh my giy Tn Long ang c qu trnh sn xut v kinh doanh tt. Doanh
nghip ang c cc nh hng m rng quy m sn xut, u t thm dy truyn sn
xut giy cun v sinh cao cp nn vn quy hoch s dng nng lng hp l ang
rt c doanh nghip ch trng.
Nghin cu kim ton nng lng ch ra cc gii php ci thin/hiu chnh c
th mang tnh thc tin cao. Bng 5.1 sau y tm tt cc phng n tit kim nng
lng c th.
Bng 5.1 - Tng hp chi ph v li ch cc gii php tit kim nng lng
TT

Hng mc

Tng chi ph
u t
(VN)

Li ch hng
nm
(VN)

Thi gian
hon vn

01

C hi 1 (ECO1): Thay bng n

hunh quang thng thng T10
bng bng n hunh quang tit
kim in T5

7.900.000

8.179.200

13 thng

02

C hi 2 (ECO2): Lp t thit
b Powerboss cho ng c my
nghin

103.000.000

72.900.000

17 thng

03

C hi 3 (ECO3): Tn dng
nhit khi thi hm nng
nc cp cho l hi

55.000.000

72.576.000

9 thng

04

C hi 4 (ECO4): Thay l hi
mi

450.000.000

292.320.000

19 thng

617,700,000

445.966.200

Tng cng

17 thng

Tng hp cc phng n c th ny cho thy phng n TKNL tng th cho

doanh nghip c tng vn u t l 617.700 triu ng, trong khi li ch em li hng
nm l 445,966 triu ng. Nh vn thi gian thu hi vn cho phng n TKNL tng
th c thi gian thu hi vn 17 thng.
V in nng, mi nm cng ty tit kim c khong 5,92%. Xt v chi ph
nng lng, mi nm cng ty tit kim mt khon ln n 10,82%. Vy hiu qu v
kinh t l rt ln.

23

V.2.

Kin ngh

Bo co ny ch ra cc gii php TKNL nhm gip Nh my nh gi hin

trng v tim nng TKNL c th m nu u t vo s c th gim thiu chi ph s dng
nng lng. Do , thc hin cc bin php c xut trong bo co ny, chng
ti c mt s xut sau y:
Nh my tin hnh cn nhc v la chn cc phng n c th, d thc hin v
nh gi tin hnh thc hin trong bc u. Cc kt qu c th em li s l ng
lc Nh my tin hnh xem xt cc phng n cn li.

24

VI.

25