Transformation
Categories of Transformation:
1. Simple – Complex – Compound
2. Affirmative – Negative – Interrogative/ Imperative/ Exclamatory
3. Positive – Comparative – Superlative
1. Simple – Complex – Compound
Simple: Single clause,1 subject,1 finite verb
Complex: More than one clause, coordinating conjunction
Compound: 1 main clause, one or more sub-ord clauses
Simple Complex Compound
He admitted his He admitted that he is He is guilty and he
guilt guilty admitted that
Transformation of simple, complex, and compound
RULE 1
Simple verb + ing Being fired, she cried.
Complex since/as As she was fired, she cried.
Compound And/so She was fired and so she cried.
RULE 2
To + non-finite
Simple He came to meet me.
verb
He came so that he could meet
Complex So that
me.
Compoun
And/or He came and [he] met me.
d
RULE 3
In spite of being healthy, he is
Simple In spite of/despite
lazy
Complex Though/although Though he is healthy, he is lazy
Compoun
but He is healthy but lazy
d
RULE 4
Enough/too…
Simple She was too tired to move
to
So…..that[neg She was so weak that she could not
Complex
] move
Compoun She was very weak and she could not
Very…..and
d move
RULE 5
Simple Without Without working hard, you will fail
Complex If/in case If you don’t work hard, you will fail
Compound or Work hard or you will fail
RULE 6
Simple Adjective It was a nice dress
Complex that/which It was a dress that was nice
Compound And It was a dress and it was nice
Transformation of Affirmative – Negative
Affirmative: only
It was only a dress
Rule 1 Negative: none but/nothing but/not more
It was nothing but a dress
than
Rule Affirmative: few I have a few friends
2 Negative: not many I do not have many friends
Rule 3 Affirmative: bound/can/have to/must He is bound to/must give me thanks
Negative: cannot but/cannot help He cannot but give me thanks OR
He cannot help giving me thanks
Both Karim and Kamal can do the work
Affirmative: and/both….and
Rule 4 Not only Karim but also Kamal can do the
Negative: not only….but also
work
Every mother loves her child
Affirmative: every There is no mother but loves her child
Rule 5
Negative: there is no….but/no OR
No mother hates her child
Affirmative: always I will always remember you
Rule 6
Negative: never I will never forget you
As soon as he entered the room, I left.
Affirmative: as soon as
Rule 7 No sooner had he entered the room than I
Negative: no sooner had
left.
Affirmative: sometimes My father sometimes smokes.
Rule 8
Negative: not always My father does not always smoke.
Transformation of Assertive to Interrogative
If the sentence is in the affirmative(positive) you have to change it into a negative interrogative.
If it is negative then you have to change it into bare interrogative
Example: He is playing football
Incorrect- Is he playing football?
Correct – Isn’t he playing football?
If the given sentence is already in negative it will be transformed into affirmative-interrogative/
bare interrogative
Example: He is not playing football
Incorrect- Isn’t he playing football?
Correct- Is he playing football?
Assertive Interrogative
He never cooks food Does he ever cook food?
None can do this Who can do this?
Every man must die Is there any man who will not die?
There is nothing in the box Is there anything in the box?
Transformation of Assertive to Exclamatory
If the assertive sentence contains any article(a/an) before the adjective, its exclamatory
sentence will start with “what”
Assertive- You are a great fool.
Exclamatory- What a great fool you are!
Rules Examples
∙Assertive: wish I wish I had so much money
Exclamatory: if If I had so much money!
∙Assertive : rejoice/delight/grief I regret the man is dead
Exclamatory: Hurrah/bravo/ Alas Alas! The man is dead
Assertive: I wish I wish I were a king
Exclamatory: were If I were a king!
Assertive Imperative
You should do your homework Do your homework
You are requested to come early Please come early
He drinks coffee Let him drink coffee
You should not tell a lie Do not tell a lie
Transformation of degree
Positive – Comparative – Superlative
Positive Tall Good Popular Useful
Comparative Taller Better More popular More useful
Superlative Tallest Best Most popular Most useful
Rule 1
Positive No other No other metal is as useful as iron
Than any other/
Comparative Iron is more useful than any other metals
than all other
Superlative Most Iron is the most useful of all the metals
Rule 2
Positive Few/ very few Very few boys are as humble as Zamil
Comparative More….than most other Zamil is more humble than most other boys
Superlative One of the most Zamil is one of the most humble boys
