You are on page 1of 9




Street,
1333 H
Suite 300 E

www.ecotourism.org
1

2007 15 

 ! "(The International Ecotourism Society, TIES) #
$% &'()* +#,-./01 234/05678 5  14-16
'9:,-.;< !2007 =>?"(GEC07)@A &BCDEFGH
IJKL#MNOPQRSTUV – DWXYZ=>[ \
] ^_`8abcde &fghijkXlmnopq 2
 =>[ lmrst*7uvQw &xy7z{ ^
f|}~€KL‚ƒ„…†‡?ˆ‰
GEC07
234/0Š‹CEF GEC07 Œ Juv
Ž‘’ &“”•–—˜}~„™š &hL›œQw7ž˜de
š &34/0B|Ÿ WUV 2
¡¢…£MW(/0¤)*i? &–—¥'„™ &f¦)§“
uv?ˆ¨© 2ª«D¬|(/0­®¥ ^¯°GH „
š &±²³©´µ¶ ·¸¹º»¼½¾y¿À ^ÁÂÀ„Ã#ÄrÅ
}~°rÆÇ 2
+,-./01ȐÉÊhËÌÍ ·
Ï
 Î –ÐÑ
| 2002 ÒF !  "(IYE) &Ó +ÔÕÖ#/
01F !  "V×@A 2!2007 =>?" (GEC07) Ø
ÙÚF !  "ÛÜuvÝÞßàá 2
 ·\]de – ¼â 2002 ã8 &=>[ äåæ7çè@

é &¦ê'ë~ìy¤ 2LíîX‚ƒ„ïð…ñde &ò8Bbc
óôõö÷de 2
 GEC07 #
i? – ø?Œ JUEù?Ž’A &TIES úû'üýOþ†
‡)*ÿ× Oi? (¯ }~ÆÇ ^¸ ^­ ^#uv?
ˆ) 2
F@j ^
B²ù &TIES m  &h
‚ƒÀ„„ 2ëèÐѸ ^[ ^}~p &TIES ™ 90
ý ³ &f|ë~lmì) =>†‡#©Tšµ¶ 2
¥ !" +#,-./01 &”•¥B¬#$|34/0%FVL&
bÁ 'á 2
²¹ &(Ý
)'é

The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org


2

*+
| 2002 ,F !  " &˜uvàáF 5 '-.²ÔÕÖ;<
ÐÑ!/"
#uvÝÞß &… ¯ 0 2F \ÔÕÖ/@jÛÜX
^1³ ^h„š 2007  5  14-16 2
(World Ecotourism Summit)
3459:,-. &;< !2007 =>?"(GEC07) &˜67YZ¼
2002 
hX ^… †‡@8de &f“#G9'áE*:
; ^h-x“¸}~ÆÇ# <=> 2
? ! "(TIES) ^!9:0"(Ecotourism Norway) ^!ÐÑ
@A BC"(UNEP)KD<3E? &FLX¼ 70 ý ³ 450 £ &G
HI* GEC07 ?#’Žf)*i0 &? TIES J@(4/0 &hŒKL GEC07 
?K)*#uv &fQw M=>[N“–—}~‚ƒÀ„#:; 2
2002 
&+ÔÕÖ#/01(Quebec Declaration on Ecotourism)OL
“}~ÆÇE*=>Pmde &f¦Q“… GH ^IJ„ ^RSMù ^ ö
T ^¯°[ UVIWX)*i? 23Yi?ã8Z½[W &\/0o'u] +ÔÕ
Ö/01 2
^_`a bcdefg
¼ 2002 hã8 ·
‰óô¼½¯ ê½ijkl#:m noôpqr Nsu &¦ê½tu[

v#¸wx 2
 =>
‚ƒyz@é 23% &¦{Z| 2020 s|-Q} 2
 ~€
 &‚ƒ„“KZ…# ¼½wx††…¯¼½¯ UVIW
X††‡@:m 23BȲ³“8‰‚ƒàá|“¯>~€ÀÁ¨©
) 2
‚ƒ„µ¶ &Š'‹ë}~ÆÇ !ŒŽÆp"(Millenium Development

Goal)
& ûŸ'‘’°b &‚ƒ„Ù“”¨FuvÀ„ 2
‚Ù•–Ò£F‚ƒ„—˜#}~UØ &™(ÿ×Ó0 &'

šÀ„¤ê›ë~ì†Tµ¶ 2
  90 ý ³ÐP &f 40 ýh‰ ³ ‡‚ƒ
 TIES œ =>
0’ž &ë~)ÐѸ ^[ }~©T=>wx 2

The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org


3

L큂ƒÀ„&bc‰L#:mö &!‚ƒù "(World Tourism


^!ÐÑ @A BC"Ÿ öTä'F m á…RG9 &ƒ
À„ÅF}~ÆÇ 2TIES J=‹ë(QE  &f¦ ¡ !"¢|ë~@FšR
Organization)
lm#†Tš£õš &f@Fÿ×À„#¤¥ 2(E ¦Ñ#Ò§ &¨Š©©
ª «¬­®¯°±²³´µ¶·¸¹º»¼½¾¿ ÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇ ÈÉÁÊËÌÍÎÏ
ÐÑÒÓÔÕÖ ×i

ØÙÚÛÜÝÞßàáâãäåæäç èéêëìíîåïð ñ
 òó
ÚÛôõö÷øùúéûü ýþÿ ûØ ýùØØ ä
÷ è
Ü ØÙÚÛ  ýä èê !
"# ×
ØÙÚÛ$%&'() ô*+,- è./îå012345678 ý9:;-<

=>?Ø ×@ØÙÚÛAüB ìíCDE*+FGHIïð è@JKL
MùNO÷ PQRSTUV$(green washing)WXYZ[\ ×
 ] ]
å<^_â?`ØÙÚÛ<ab è.cde/abfg6hiùN+jk^a
/lmnopâqrstuv\ ×
 òó ] ]
/ å<wx0yz{ÝCDØÙÚÛ|O}~ 老 ‚ƒc„G…
†‡ˆ è.0îåwx܉Š‹‚ŒŽ<‘ë’“” 蕖—˜ ™š›œ
 ×
Iž/Ÿ< 9\+ab è¡¢£R¤¥ØÙÚÛve¦Ø§¨©ª«¬­®

ƒ¯e¦Ø°+¯±e²³<´µ¶·¸þ‹ קabHI¹KLgØÙÚÛ
ƒ¯º9¡»no 諬 TIES  ¼u º9¡»½ × ii

 ¾
¿îåÀÁfâ/ò À¹+ûü¹ØÙÚÛ è·ÃÄ6ÅÆÇÈ^_ ýd
^_ÉÊ ý|O+ËÌÍT èÜòóÎûÏÐØÙÚÛùчˆJ è·ÒӞ
åÔÕ è€Îæ}…Ö` ×
yzØÙÚÛAü¢×؞å~ÙÚ+ÛoAËÜ<…Ý ×ÞßÙڅÝKLؚ

à<áâÌãä ýåæ ýû¡E<çOôè+­w\ ýAËÜ|O ý+ ?
` 9\ ×
… éê¦OëOôì ýí+îôòóïð< 9¹ÀtÉÊ èTIES KL

rñcòós-+Ùô}~ ×

The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org


4

GEC07 õö÷
øþEùÞßòópú7üûïð èc•üý GEC07 þÿhŽ èÜ@ Àt
ÉÊ ý^_+e/øgØÙÚÛwxgŠÒÓ\ èf·HcsC ñ iii

1. 


ØÙÚÛv0Üûü¹ ý+ ûüë! – Þßûüå"#/6$ZØ¡
Ý ý•%&'()* @+0â,?pô‚Œþê- èHcÔ„G<ØÙ
ÚÛv.¢ ûÙ× </J0š ×12y34ù‚Œ < ¾5 èKLú67Ú
8Ov<sŠ9…0:;ò è°+0:/lm›œ ×û¡Aü+áâÌãä<ø
g è+·<=>ØÙÚÛ¦?<x+@A‹BC èê0KLþEù èÜ
y< |
O?`‘ èDE·F ܋<[AGêô+8O H ý•ñùÔ ×
·IJuv ñ
?`Kû¡AüpáâÌãäøgab è{ݞ/Ÿ<L ûMNGê¡O è,

ñ°øgx ýPa+|OQ/ è°4ùNO  ¾5 ×
{ÝR-^a ýûüÓ·S ý€|OäD ý°+ ûŠgTU­®Ô èV

„&WôÌ¢/žå@X ×
 YZ
Èo PØÙÚÛ$+ P[ûÙô,-$<ÙÚ (\1 ]O+^_O) è v¢
Ô`‚Œ[A< ]a+^_v ×
{ÝÏÐbc ý}bgûüpáâÌòdÇÈ èYZÙô¦?,?gËÜef è
cBËÜgfháinojklmnopqrstquvwxy z
iv


 {|
}~t€~h‚ƒq„… †‡ˆ‰Šuq‹ŒŽph‘’t“”•
–—˜™ š›œtŽžŸ ¡¢£¤¥¦t§¨©ª †«¬­®¯°±²³´o‰
Šµ¶·¸ z
2. ¹º»¼
½¾¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ ÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎ ÆÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖÔ×ØÙÚÛ
ÜÝÞßàáâÎã
klmnäåæçèoéê †ëìíîoïkkðñ§¨ zòó †klmnoŽ †«t
“ôõö¢o÷ø šùúû‹­¥¦t§¨©ªüýþÿ otp z †
 klmnürs †klmnùö¢
¬ü  ø † klmnü ùúçè
t – «­ÿx š~ü !"ü¡# †$õ%ô&æ
ø'!(¨ z
ù)*ü+ ,
The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org
5

‡¨ú -„./李tklmnx¬ü01 š2õt34 †«



­5ñ~ö¢ø' †6w78­9 :;ü<0 š=>­
ü‚?@ABC z
‡¨DEtDFüGHÿIJK †L<MNDF34oOP”Q †RS

“‹TUokðVW šX34 š‰ŠuoYZô † ­%ö¢ü
±²[¨o\ z
 {|]
^klmn_`qatžb †cklmnõ3d£¤ K šIJ­
ïkkðüoGHK †e £¤‰Šæf š§¨tx¬o‚Ž z
=>x(ec^5oghtij)äkllmnm †«MN

mÿnoæpqt§¨rstu®üvw †xyõz{|}~ †eÿ
‚ŒŽ€ü_‚ƒt`„…2†ƒ z
 ‡ˆ
‡ˆn8 šx‰tïllðŠo‹Œ †«t­ üŽLdø †´‡æ
® ‘lðíî?}’ü®lðíî?t‰ŠuŽüv
wxy“ (Convention on Bological Diversity Guidelines on Biodiversity and
z
v

Tourism Development)

3. ”•
Ӗޗ˜ ™šÒÕ ›œ ƝžÂÃÄş Õ¡¢Þ£—¤Õ¥–
llmn¦uyõv§¨ôæo©îª«TU zˆ9?¬c¦ †­íllmnª®
¯ ˆ°±ñ²±¦uô³´ †µ­í¶ÿl·mn¦uü¸¹º»@A šñ¼Z½„
t¾8¿01 zùÀÁÂ2õÃäÄ¢=>e£¤ÀÅÆÃÇu¸¹ z
ù)*ü+ ,
 ‡ˆ
?ñÈÉÊqxh †³´l·Ë¾ü^ Ì®¬üÍÎtÊž
f †³´Ï¸t¦u}Оf«³´„ÑÒu2õt‚ÒuÓÔ z
 Õ
½„l·Ë¾!`3ÖtGH×ØÙÚۋÜÝ †e ÁÂ!Ôüއ
¨3Ö|‹6ß †RSàá šârãä šåãæ˜ šçèéêë. šàìíL š«t
æÛîÈ ^|ïð‹ñ z
Á­ÊòótÍÎKü_`ôAÿõdŒöü³´ †äÄ÷®üÿ§¨ø

ù †cüµ‹Ì®¬tú
l·Ë¾ü„јµ zMNÊtÍÎKù ¾8û
tüýÚüŒþ´«ÿ z
víLƒðe]^“‘’ð‹ÔüÊñ¢6w„l·Ë¾ü
‰t3

Ö †³ªuüg †e =>ô¸l·Ë¾ü †
’ 
 æ y 
The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org
6

? ?Æ?Ãl·Ë¾f  TIES Ã!† "


#$Û%
Ãàì &'()*Ë+,-./0 


4. 12
3456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGH
I)*J+.KL MNO,PQR$&.STUVWXYZ[\ ]^_`abc
defghijklmno&'pqr.st uv wxyz{TO|}~j€‚
ƒ„…QRa†‡ ˆ‰Š‹Œ)*J+Ža|}P ˆ‘ƒ’TOa“” u
•–—.˜™ š
 ›œ
hM ž!Ÿ žƒ /a¡¢£ qr¤¥¦§ ˆ‘"¨©qrª‹QR«
¬ ž­®¯°±².³´ žµ¶·Œ¸¹ º»·Œ¼q žkl½¸«¬¾¿À u
 ÁÂÃ
ÄO{År,PƒQRÆÇ`ÈÉÊ˪a‚ ˆÌÍÎÏ/MaÐÑÒÓÅ
rÔs ˆ­®¸¦,-ÕeÖ×ØkWÙÚn ˆ‘˪µÛ ž¯°)*ÜÝ u
 Þß
àáJ+â*.ãä (åæ˪çèJ˜.éêëì) ˆ›œíÂîïðg.g
ñ žòóôÕõҙöa÷øùï úí¯ûaü÷ýþ ˆÿª‹v M žZ
.û ˆ‘"
TOÿ rO$&.UV u
 
rO{)*J+.*£ƒr´Î  ˆÞßno‹Œ)*J+.
 ˆ›™r.¦T oôef ˆàárg!"#STUV’W$
%Á&a'ð()Ù u
àá)*J+qr*n+,-. ˆµ¶ÿ›œW»ƒº».·Œ/q 01·Œ ˆÿ

µ1 ž2345|¸,- eÖ×Øk.6789a·Œ ž,P ž:;ƒ-.<= u
ˆ>?­®@$)*efƒl´.¼ABC ¼ñ ˆDE)*J+.jF‚ ˆÿ
Gno;ÛH žIr&J ž‘ƒäKqr ˆí.q)STUV uTIES GLÙ{
TIES

›œ ÿM©Nƒ01.OPô -Qô)*J+MP ˆÿmRSTÒÓO(ô)*J+


UV ˆ‘WG¼ñXYZ[`a¸¦ u
GÒ\S]^_` ˆabcdG GEC07 ­e.$f†‡gh TIES ijklƒ¾
¿aZmn ˆÿGo{ pq*J+rst_`u ˆvw pqxJ+yzu(Ecotourism
TIES

Handbook)
u

The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org


7

i
{|}~€‚ (ƒ 1990 „… †www.ecotourism.org)
TIES

TIES ‡ˆ
‰Š‹ŒŽ ‘’“”- “•–—˜|}~™š›œžŸ ¡~ ¢£¤¥¦§¨©
ª«¬­€®¯
ii
°•–± —˜²£³´µŽ¶·€|}~¸“ ¹º

¼½¾¿ÀÁ

Ã¥£ÄÅÆÇÈÉÊË
-{
ÌÄÍÎÏÐ —ÑÒӟÔÕ
-{
£¤ÏÐÖןØÙ
-{
ª«¬­ÏÐÚÛÜØÄÝÆÞ
Ïß
ҚËì¨íî
- {àáâïã€äå
‘’“”
楦Éçè€éêëº
¢²ðñ•–²òÞóôõö÷€¸“øù
TIES
€ú ûüýþ Ž·Íÿ
ƒ  ü ¹
iii
GEC07
Íÿï ¹|}~Ä«
Íÿ ¹|}~ěœ£¤
Íÿ ¹|}~€
æ ¤ æÄ ÂÃ
Íÿ ¹|}~€ËùÿÄ 
 â !" #$ “%&ï'þ()* æ+,-./0123
45678 #9:;<=%2>?@A #BCDEFGH I2JKL M+,-NOPQ
iv
(IFAT)
MRSTU MV@ M>W XYZ úû[\ M]ú^_ M`-)abcd ePQ2fg h
i7jk /7342=lmn #opqrs tu Mvwxvyz{8| #`-)z
}~
v

i 1€ ab‚uƒ„…†(
GH‡y-ˆ‰z{8|@u†) h(( 2004 Š‹g Œ
www.cbd.int/programmes/socio-eco/tourism/guidelines.asp)

The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org


8

The International Ecotourism Society - www.ecotourism.org

You might also like