Esteybar, Princess Mae B.
BSEd MATH 2-1
Skill Sharpening Lab 3.2
1. Sleep Study. A researcher is investigating the effect of a new type of mattress on sleep quality. Ten
participants' sleep quality scores (on a scale from 1 to 10) are recorded before and after switching to
the new mattress for a month. Determine if the new mattress significantly improves sleep quality.
1. Define the Hypotheses
Ho – The new mattress does not improve sleep quality. The average sleep quality scores before and
after using the new mattress are equal.
H1 - The new mattress does improve sleep quality. The average sleep quality scores before and after
using the new mattress are different.
2. Choose the Appropriate Test
We can apply the sign test to determine if the new mattress significantly improves sleep quality.
3. Set the Significance Level (α)
The significance level is 5 % or 0.05.
4. Calculate the Test Statistic
5. Determine the p-Value
The p-value is equal to 0.002.
6. Make the Decision
The calculated p-value (0.002) is less than the significance value (0.05), then the researcher would
reject the null hypothesis.
7. Interpret the Results
In conclusion, at a 5% significance level, the researcher infers that the new mattress does enhance
sleep quality. The average sleep quality scores before and after using the new mattress are different.
2. Medication Effectiveness. A pharmaceutical company develops a new medication intended to lower
blood pressure. They test the medication on 15 patients, measuring their blood pressure before and
two weeks after starting the medication. Assess if the medication significantly reduces blood pressure.
1. Define the Hypotheses
Ho – The medication does not significantly reduce blood pressure. The average blood pressure before
and after medication are equal.
H1 - The medication significantly reduces blood pressure. The average blood pressure before and
after medication are different.
2. Choose the Appropriate Test
We can apply the sign test to assess if the medication significantly reduces blood pressure.
3. Set the Significance Level (α)
The significance level is 5 % or 0.05.
4. Calculate the Test Statistic
5. Determine the p-Value
The p-value is equal to 0.000.
6. Make the Decision
The calculated p-value (0.000) is less than the significance value (0.05), then the researcher would
reject the null hypothesis.
7. Interpret the Results
In conclusion, at a 5% significance level, the researcher infers that the medication significantly
reduces blood pressure. The average blood pressure before and after medication are different.
3. Educational Program Evaluation. An educational program is designed to improve children's reading
comprehension. The reading comprehension scores of 20 children are recorded before and after
participating in the program for three months.
1. Define the Hypotheses
Ho – The children's reading comprehension scores are not influenced by the educational program.
Prior to the program, the average reading comprehension score was the same as the average score after
the program.
H1 - The children's reading comprehension scores are influenced by the educational program. Prior
to the program, the average reading comprehension score was different than the average score after the
program.
2. Choose the Appropriate Test - We can apply the sign test to determine if there’s an improvement
in children’s reading comprehension.
3. Set the Significance Level (α) - The significance level is 5 % or 0.05.
4. Calculate the Test Statistic
5. Determine the p-Value
The p-value is equal to 0.000.
6. Make the Decision
The calculated p-value (0.000) is less than the significance value (0.05), then the researcher would
reject the null hypothesis.
7. Interpret the Results
In conclusion, at a 5% significance level, the researcher infers that the children's reading
comprehension scores are influenced by the educational program. Prior to the program, the average reading
comprehension score was different than the average score after the program.
