- 

La mole - quantit de matire

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  .1:
& N A = 6,02.10
% ) ""#

      

mol!  
*) 
 - (... .% 012  :./
N
=n
NA
:4

: n   )(mol

: N  678 ""#- 
% ) 
  /%
 (... .

/9 : N A = 6,02.10 23 mo 1.
:-
23

  & = </  6,02.10 :-.

  & 
# </  6,02.10 23 :-.

  & >) </ .)* 6,02.10 23 :-
23

.2   la masse molaire atomique

2 -/  &  @A1 M (X ) ? 
7% ?A 01 . g / mol
M(H ) = 1g / mol ; M(C ) = 12g / mol ; M(O ) = 16g / mol :
= D2 /% 6 CB ? * .  G2 /  @A1-.7%

.3   la masse molaire molculaire

2 -/  & *)  G .7%I2 >  /% =  @A1- 2 . -J G>).
M(H 2 O ) = 2M(H ) + M(O ) = 2.1g / mol + 16g / mol = 18g / mol :

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G/%2 & 8K1 I* -/  2:./
) m( X
) M(X

:4

= ) n (X

 M ) (g

) : m(X -/>I
) : M(X -/% )= (
# . g / mol
) : n (X   ). (mol

/+,-
 GI   %I C12 H 22 O11/*  & G8 . %I 9 m = 2kg /-/" U/A/ *)  %I
/*  G8 .. %I

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 ( 2 : -/%<> > 0I

I -/> I ? 
> :
:G/%
m
=
V
 & 01 -/%<> g / ml ; g / l ; kg / m 3 :
* ) : * G-@ I " 7 0I
. -/= > m I : -/ m eau RS
? ./<> < ? 
d

:G/%
m
=d
m eau

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m
d= V
:%B :- 8K1 D= G/%
& %
m eau
V
m
m
eau = eau =
:G/%
>< -/% V 12 0/
V
V

:>
4
d=
eau
:G/%
>< -/%  &   V 12 GI m
= m = .V
V
m .V
n=
=
M
M
= d. eau
d. eau .V
n=
:A
M

/+,-
. & / Vb
. */    GI

/"    # $%  .6

:G/%
-< > : G=   I8 J  C .  /
n
C=
V
n = C.V
:>
CI 8K1&
:4
. (mol)   : n

. ( ) /- -< > : V

(mo / )  -<( concentration)  2 : C

1 2  -II
variables d'tat  ( 42 .1
:. < M/ :I2 / 7S C X  /2
M   :n
3
.l m  A 01 M > :V
5
5
1atm = 1,013.10 Pa ; 1Bar = 10 Pa
atm Bar Pa  A 01 M YMZ :P
T(K ) = (C ) + 273,15 :4 (K )kelvin ? A 01 M- C-[ * < :T

2 -5# 7 $ .2

." P.V = cte :G/%

 X & A1 % 0IA /9 P.V >:C0 /9  *  A " :
C
\

,2 ) 7 $ .3

."  RS

:- S-/^ M I/  >/<2 YM! * < B RS
. " :
C
\

quation d'tat des gaz parfaits 2  4  (  2 .4

:52  4 .V1Z YMZ  . =6C</ 0
  8  - 
C `!^  =M  % M
:52 4  (  2 -

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P.V = n.R.T
R = 8,314Pa.m 3 .K 1 .mol 1

:8K1 ?A   M < M/ Y02 2

:4
:. - .1 cA . ?/8 -% M /9 2 :R

volume molaire d'un gaz 4 / (' .5

 
YM! * < A1  d . M   & -/<   <> =M . <> :
 
. .mol 1  A 01 Vm 
V
:8K1 1/" V > M   I &%
n=
Vm

/+,-
. (P = 1atm, = 0C ) YM! * < cA B .  M . <> GI .1
. (P = 1atm, = 20C ) YM! * < /h B .  M . <> GI .2

: <,=> # 1 ) * .6
:8K1 YM! * < cA B . ?- 0IA X  12
M
d=
29
.   & ?-/ 29  M-  -/% 2 M :4
/+,-
N 2 H 2O 2CO 2 :? S-/^ GIA X  ? & %/
.?- 0IA X   GI .3
.?/ 2 GI M D= G2 .4

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