# 100 / 1 -7 dekemberi / 2011 fasi 2 lari

mTavari Tema

dasaqmeba - saqarTvelos gadauWreli problema

saiubileo gamocema
fragmenti kondoliza raisis wignidan

saqarTveloSi omi iwyeba

stumroba oligarqTan

komentari

vin akontrolebs qarTul wiaRiseuls

biznesi

www.ucnobifm.ge

redaqtorisgan
# 100 / 1 -7 dekemberi / 2011

mTavari redaqtori Sorena SaverdaSvili redaqtorebi sofo bukia magda memaniSvili Jurnalisturi gamoZieba nino zuriaSvili vebgverdis redaqtori nana sajaia Jurnalistebi: maia wiklauri, eka WiTanava, Tamar faradaSvili, cira gvasalia, malxaz Wkadua, zura vardiaSvili, anita Tvauri, ani WankotaZe, lika zakaSvili, TaTia xaliani, salome cecxlaZe kontribucia: giorgi cxadaia, mark maleni, manana vardiaSvili, giorgi mgelaZe, inal xaSigi, diana CaCua, Tiko comaia, kaxa Tolordava redaqcia: foto-redaqtori levan xerxeuliZe grafikuli dizaini Tornike lorTqifaniZe redaqtor-stilisti paata Samugia koreqtori Tamar RonRaZe gamomcemloba: direqtori qeTevan babunaSvili gayidvebisa da biznesis ganviTarebis menejeri rusudan baraTaSvili klientTa momsaxurebis da distribuciis menejeri naTia rusaZe gayidvebis menejerebi: levan jabua, sofo papunaSvili, qeTevan qavTaraZe, qeTevan megreliZe, elene xarazaSvili, mariam miqelaSvili, zurab zandaraSvili, Tina osefaSvili distributori: mixeil gedeniZe Jurnalis gamoweris msurvelebma darekeT: 2962311, 2910151 pres-eqspresi, 08:00 -16:00 sT.

`pirvelad gamoica 1843 wels imisaTvis, rom monawileoba mieRo umwvaves dapirispirebaSi gonierebas _ rasac win mivyavarT, da uRirss ugunurebas Soris, rac aferxebs progress~. es citata erT-erTi yvelaze gavleniani Jurnalis, `ekonomistis~ yvela nomerSi SegxvdebaT, pirvelive gverdebze. am redaqtoris svets vaSingtonSi vwer, karnegis centrSi, romelic, rogorc saerTaSoriso kvleviTi centri, Tavisi arsebobis me-100 wels aRniSnavs. es centri ukve saukunea amerikis administracias miukerZoebel, eqspertul da xSirad xist rekomendaciebs awvdis. Tumca, am rekomendaciebis Sedegad, amerikis saxelmwifo politika ufro realisturia. ramdenime wlis win viyavi Cemi sayvareli Jurnalis, `niuiorkeris~ festivalze, romelmac Tavisi 85-wliani arqivis cifruli versia gamosca. unikaluri eseistikis, siRrmiseuli reportaJebisa da literaturuli gemovnebis wyalobiT, `niuiorkeri~ ukve amerikis kulturuli memkvidreobis nawilia. Tqvens winaSea Jurnal `liberalis~ me-100 nomeri da Zalian minda, `liberalmac~ aRniSnos Tavisi 100 wlis iubile, ukve 22-e saukuneSi, maSin, roca aRaravis emaxsovreba vin iyo misi gamomcemeli an pirveli redaqtori. ambiciuri ganacxadia da SesaZloa, gageRimoT kidec, magram swored es misia gvaqvs _ rom `liberali~ gaxdes qveynis sazogadoebriv-politikuri cxovrebis nawili, romelic inaxavs istorias da gamocdilebas, maSin roca Seicvlebian mTavrobebi, Taobebi da realobebi; moaxerxebs `monawileoba miiRos umwvaves dapirispirebaSi gonierebasa da ugunurebas Soris~; moaxerxebs iyos movlenebis miukerZoebeli mkvlevari da xisti `mrCeveli~ da rac mTavaria, adamianebis da ara Zalauflebis instituciebis erTguli. amisaTvis bevri Sromaa saWiro, kviridan kviramde, Tumca mizani amad Rirs. didi madloba Cvens erTgul mkiTxvelebs, kritikosebsa da gulSematkivrebs. siyvaruliT, Sorena SaverdaSvili

www.liberali.ge

sarCevi

Tavi 52

saqarTveloSi omi iwyeba

(fragmenti kondoliza raisis wignidan)
kondoliza raisis wignma `memuarebi vaSingtonSi gatarebuli wlebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTveloSi azrTa sxvadasxvaoba gamoiwvia. gadavwyvite, mTlianad meTargmna Tavi, romelSic kondoliza raisi agvistos omze, amerika-ruseTis urTierTobebsa da msoflio

dasaqmeba saqarTvelos gadauWreli problema ra xdeboda 2006 wlidan dRemde

2006 wlidan moyolebuli saqarTvelos mTavrobam qveyanaSi dasaqmebis oTxi oficialuri programa ganaxorciela, maTi umravlesoba winasaarCevno periodSi iqna wamowyebuli. aris, Tu ara miRweuli am RonisZiebebis mTavari mizani _ umuSevrobis Semcireba? 2006 wels saqarTveloSi Sromisunariani mosaxleobis 13,6% umuSevari iyo. 2010 wels es maCvenebeli 16,3%-mde gaizarda. revoluciidan 7-8 wlis gasvlis miuxedavad, SeuZlebelia imis Tqma, rom qveyanaSi dasaqmebis kuTxiT Zireuli cvlilebebi gatarda. bolo monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi dasaqmebulTa absoluturi umetesoba TviTdasaqmebulia.
mari roWikaSvili _ studia `monitori~
gv.48

vin akontrolebs qarTul wiaRiseul resursebs

liTonebis, maT Soris, oqros, mopovebis erT-erTi yvelaze ZviradRirebuli licenzia saqarTveloSi TiTqmis ori Tvis win auqcionis wesiT gaiyida. 2011 wlis 3 oqtombers, licenziis mosapoveblad bunebrivi resursebis saagentoSi gamarTul auqcionze mxolod ori kompania gamocxadda. Sps kavkasiis samTo jgufi da Sps Anglo-Georgian Mining Company erTmaneTs daaxloebiT 40-50 wuTi epaeqrebodnen. sabolood, licenzia 93.5 milion larad gaiyida. licenziis axal mflobelze mxolod isaa cnobili, rom misi 100%-iani damfuZnebeli ofSorul zonaSi registrirebuli kompaniaa.
cira gvasalia
gv.14

politikur Tu ekonomikur mowyobaSi am movlenis gavlenaze saubrobs. Tavs hqvia `saqarTveloSi omi daiwyo~ da is mTlianad saqarTvelos Temas exeba, Tumca konteqstis aRwerisas, wignis avtori da yofili saxelmwifo mdivani msoflioSi im periodSi mimdinare movlenebzec saubrobs, aseve, mis pirad urTierTobaze sergei lavrovTan Tu mixeil saakaSvilTan. wigni kondoliza raisis TeTr saxlSi moRvaweobisas msoflio politikaSi momxdari movlenebis gaxseneba da analizia.
daviT Caganavas Targmani
gv.30

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

sarCevi

stumroba oligarqTan
kaci, romelsac me Sevxvdi, gacilebiT Camoyalibebuli da politikurad sazriani momeCvena. erT TveSi man, rogorc politikosma, didi zrda ganicada. SuSis uzarmazari fanjridan Tanamedrove skulpturebiT savse terasa Cans, Semdeg xedi saakaSvilis axal saprezidento Senobaze, bolos ki samebis taZarze iSleba, romlis mSeneblobac ivaniSvilma daafinansa. am momentSi TavSi erTma azrma gamielva: visurve, saqarTvelo aseTi damokidebuli ar yofiliyo did personaliebze: saakaSvilze, patriarqze da miliarderze, romlis gverdiTac videqi.
Tomas de vaali
gv.26

aseve nomerSi: 04 06 10 mokled ricxvebi, citatebi komentari ruseTTan urTierTobebis gadatvirTvis Sansi mcirea giorgi cxadaia ra surT profkavSirebs? mark maleni warmoSobis paradoqsi da qarTuli eqsporti konstantine vekua interviu `politika, rogorc saxelmwifo, moqalaqis samsaxurSi unda iyos~ roland verneri reportaJi usaxsro zugdidis Teatri politika `qarTuli ocneba~ daregistrirda ekonomika 10 punqtiT modernizaciisa da dasaqmebisken biznesi vin akontrolebs qarTul wiaRiseul resursebs jandacva daviyvanoT nulamde sazogadoeba uxilavi bavSvebi liberalis vebgverdidan yvelaze didi, didebs Soris qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi cota ram kaziolebis Sesaxeb

12 14

16

fotoreportaJi

gamqrali Tbilisi

20 24 40

43

52 54 66

68

gv.58-65

gamomcemeli: Sps `liberali~. misamarTi: Tbilisi 0183, JRentis q. 35. tel.: (995 32) 2145002, 2145004. el-fosta: info@liberali.ge sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi~. `liberalis~ saavtoro uflebebi daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi da/an mTliani gamoyeneba redaqciis Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. beWdva: stamba `sezani~. misamarTi: Tbilisi, wereTlis gamz. 140. tel.: (995 32) 235 70 02. gamodis kviraSi erTxel, yovel xuTSabaTs. pirveli nomeri gamocemulia 2009 wlis maisSi. rekomendebuli sacalo fasi 2 lari. Jurnali `liberali~ gamoicema fond `Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos~ mxardaWeriT. avtoris / avtorebis mier sainformacio masalaSi gamoTqmuli mosazreba ar gamoxatavs fondis `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~ pozicias. Sesabamisad,, fondi ar aris pasuxismgebeli masalis Sinaarsze. The views, opinions and statements expressed by the authors and those providing comments are theirs only and do not necessarily reflect the position of Open Society Georgia Foundation. Therefore, the Open Society Georgia Foundation is not responsible for the content of the information material.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

mokled
cxinvalSi arCevnebis Sedegebi gauqmda
sagangebo situaciis ministri iyo da mis kandidaturas kremli Riad uWerda mxars. jioevas mxardamWerebi gamarjvebas cxinvalis centralur moedanze zeimobdnen, rodesac sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gamoqveynda. miuxedavad amisa, opoziciis kandidatma ala jioevam ganacxada, rom is gamarjvebulad ukve aRiara centralurma saarCevno komisiam. jioevas momxreebma cxinvalSi saprotesto msvlelobebi gamarTes da prezidentobis kandidats mmarTveli partiidan anatoli bibilovs damarcxebis aRiarebisken mouwodes. separatistuli regionis parlamentma mimdinare movlenebTan dakavSirebiT sagangebo sxdomac moiwvia. de faqto parlamentma ganmeorebiTi arCevnebis TariRad 2012 wlis 25 marti daasaxela. ala jioevas gamarjvebis mizezad cxinvalSi jambulat Tedeevis mxardaWeras asaxeleben. Tavisufal WidaobaSi ruseTis nakrebis mTavar mwvrTnels da samxreT oseTis amJamindeli prezidentis eduard kokoiTis oponent Tedeevs Tavadac surda arCevnebSi monawileoba. Tumca imis gamo, rom 10 welia samxreT oseTSi ar ucxovria, kenWisyris ufleba ar misces. sabolood Tedeevma jioevas kandidaturas dauWira mxari. arCevnebis pirvel turamde, jioevam winasaarCevno kampaniis dros ganacxada, rom mas Semdeg gadawyvita arCevnebSi Cabma, rac yvela `mZimewonian~ opoziciur kandidats arCevnebSi monawileoba aekrZala. amJamad egviptelebi parlamentis qveda palatas irCeven. egvipteSi parlamentis arCevnebi sam etapad, sxvadasxva regionSi cal-calke tardeba. pirveli etapi kairoSi daiwyo, aleqsandriasa da sxva regionebSi procesi ianvramde unda dasruldes. momdevno etapi ki martSi Catardeba da egviptelebi ukve parlamentis zeda palatis Semadgenlobas airCeven. egviptis axalma parlamentma 2012 wlis ivnisamde saprezidento arCevnebis win axali konstitucia unda daamtkicos. arCevnebSi warmatebas muslimur partiebs uwinaswarmetyveleben. saarCevno procesi egvipteSi am etapze mSvidobianad mimdinareobs. am process miesalma amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi. amerikam moiwona egvipteli amomrCevlebis maRali aqtivobac. saparlamento arCevnebis paralelurad, kairoSi saprotesto aq-

samxreT oseTis de faqto respublikaSi 27 noembers Catarebuli saprezidento arCevnebis meore turis Sedegebi adgilobrivma sasamarTlom ukanonod gamoacxada. umaRlesma sasamarTlom mmarTveli partiis `edinstvosa~ da de faqto prezidentobis kandidatis anatoli bibilovis sarCeli daakmayofila. arCevnebis Sedegebis gauqmebis mizezad prezidentobis kandidatis ala jioevas mxardamWerebis mier kanonis darRveva dasaxelda. de faqto uzenaesi sasamarTlos cnobiT, jioevas mxardamWerebma prezidentis arCevnebis Sesaxeb samxreT oseTis respublikis konstituciuri kanoni daarRvies. saagento `ria novostis~ cnobiT, ala jioeva ganmeorebiT arCevnebSi monawileobas veRar miiRebs. `kanoni mas am uflebas arTmevs, radgan sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT darRvevebi misi mxridan dafiqsirda Catarebuli arCevnebis dros~, _ ganucxada uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarem acamaz biCenovma `ria novostis~. samxreT oseTis de faqto centraluri saarCevno komisiis informaciiT, 62 wlis yofilma pedagogma da kokoiTis mTavrobis yofilma ganaTlebis ministrma ala jioevam xmebis 56,74 procenti miiRo. anatoli bibilovma ki 40 procenti daagrova. bibilovi

egviptelebi parlaments irCeven

egvipteSi saparlamento arCevnebi mimdinareobs. es aris pirveli arCevnebi hosni mubaraqis mmarTvelobis dasrulebis Semdeg.

ciebi mimdinareobs. arCevnebamde saprotesto aqciis monawileebi kairos quCebSi saxelisuflebo Zalebs daupirispirdnen, ris gamoc daaxloebiT 40 adamiani gardaicvala. saprotesto aqciis monawileebis moTxovniT, samxedro sabWom axali premier-ministri kama ganzuri daniSna, romelic qveynis axal mTavrobas daakompleqtebs. Tumca demonstrantebi samxedro sabWos gadadgomas isev iTxoven.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

medvedevis muqara
ruseTis prezidentma dimitri medvedevma amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis antisaraketo Tavdacvis gegma gaakritika. medvedevis TqmiT, ruseTi Tavis raketebs evropaSi amerikis antisaraketo TavdacvisaTvis gankuTvnili obieqtebis winaaRmdeg mimarTavs, Tu amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi ruseTis interesebs ar gaiTvaliswinebs. amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis antisaraketo Tavdacvis gegma 2020 wlamde evropaSi antisaraketo sistemis ganTavsebas iTvaliswinebs. Tuki vaSingtoni da moskovi ver SeTanxmdnen, ruseTma SesaZloa Tavisi raketebi qveynis dasavleTiT kaliningradis olqSi da kidev ramdenime regionSi ganaTavsos. medvedevis TqmiT, ruseTi SesaZloa birTvuli SeiaraRebis kontrolis SeTanxmebebidan gamovides da SeiaraRebis kontrolze sxva molaparakebebic SeaCeros. ruseTSi fiqroben, rom antisaraketo sistema qveynis birTvul arsenals daasustebs. `situaciis arasasurveli gziT ganviTarebis SemTxvevaSi, ruseTi itovebs uflebas, uari Tqvas Semdgomi nabijebis gadadgmaze ganiaraRebis sferoSi _ da, Sesabamisad, SeiaraRebis kontrolis sferoSi. garda amisa, im ganuyofeli kavSiris

gaTvaliswinebiT, romelic arsebobs strategiul Semtev da TavdacviT SeiaraRebas Soris, SesaZloa Seiqmnas iseTi viTareba, rom Cveni qveyana gamovides birTvuli iaraRebis Semcirebis SeTanxmebidan~, _ ganacxada medvedevma. medvedevis pasuxad anders fog rasmusenma, natos generalurma mdivanma, ganacxada, rom ruseTis muqariT `Zalian imedgacruebulia~. `ruseTis es nabiji warsuls Segvaxsenebs da ar miesadageba im strategiul urTierTobas, romelzec nato da ruseTi arian SeTanxmebuli~, _ ganacxada rasmusenma. SeerTebuli Statebis erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos pres-mdivanma, tomi vietorma ganacxada, rom evropaSi amerikis antisaraketo sistemis ganTavsebis gegmis SeCerebis safuZveli ar arsebobs. SeerTebul StatebSi fiqroben, rom antisaraketo Tavdacva iseTi qveynebisgan momavali safrTxeebis asacilebladaa saWiro, rogoricaa irani.

beliacki gadasaxadebisaTvis Tavis aridebaSi daadanaSaula. dapatimrebis garda, sasamarTlom beliackis qonebis konfiskaciis gadawyvetilebac miiRo. beliackis litvasa da poloneTSi piradi angariSebi hqonda, romelTa saSualebiTac Tavisi organizaciisaTvis ucxoeli donorebis daxmarebas iRebda. beliacki organizacia `viasnas~ xelmZRvanelia. am organizacias 2003 wels registracia oficialurad gauuqmes. beliackis sakiTxze pozicia daafiqsira evroparlamentma. evroparlamentis prezidentma ganacxada, rom `ukiduresad SeSfoTebulia beliackisTvis patimrobis misjiT~ da saqmes politikurad motivirebuli, dausabuTebeli uwoda. evroparlamentis prezidentma erJi buzekma belarusis xelisuflebas beliackisa da sxva politpatimrebis gaTavisuflebisken mouwoda.

belarusSi uflebadamcveli gaasamarTles

belarusis sasamarTlom uflebadamcvel ales beliackis oTxi wliTa da 6 TviT Tavisuflebis aRkveTa miusaja. sasamarTlom

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

ricxvebi, citatebi
8, 67 procentiani
aqciebi biZina ivaniSvilis `qarTu bankma~ kaxi kalaZis `progres bankisgan~ iyida.

vfiqrob, seriozuli strategiuli Secdomaa taliavinis komisiis daskvnis ignorireba, anu afxazuri da osuri mxareebis konfliqtis mxareebad araRiareba. Sesabamisad, Cveni xelisufleba usafrTxoebis garantiebze maTTan molaparakebas ar apirebs. mxedvelobaSi maqvs molaparakeba mxareebTan da ara _ saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqtebTan. biZina ivaniSvili, biznesmeni ruseTis marTlmadideblurma eklesiam, romelic pirdapir kremlis filialia, gamoacxada jvarosnuli laSqroba sabWoTa kavSiris aRsadgenad da sabWoTa kavSiris teritorias, maT Soris, Tavisufal saqarTvelos, uwoda `istoriuli ruseTis Semadgeneli nawilebi~, romlebic unda dabrundnen ukan, ruseTSi. mixeil saakaSvili, saqarTvelos prezidenti moskovSi viziti iyo metad mniSvnelovani da sasargeblo Cveni qveynisTvis, Cveni eklesiisTvis! gvqonda saubari ltolvilebis Sesaxeb da imedi aris, rom isini dabrundebian Tavis saxlebSi~. sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi ilia II me ganvagrZob prezidentis movaleobebis Sesrulebas da ar davuSveb respublikaSi situaciis destabilizaciisken mimarTul provokaciebs. eduard kokoiTi samxreT oseTis de faqto respublikis prezidenti `vcdilobdi, mTeli am drois ganmavlobaSi samarTlebriv velSi davrCeniliyavi, magram oponentebi ukiduresad arasasurvel scenars gvaxveven Tavs da dae, sakuTari qmedebebisTvis maT Tavad agon pasuxi. amjerad pasuxismgeblobas veRar gaeqcevian. am qmedebebs ukve aRaravis vapatiebT. gamarjvebas veravin mogvparavs~. samxreT oseTis de faqto prezidentobis kandidati ala jioeva

219 milioni lariT

gaizarda saqarTvelos 2011 wlis biujeti da man 7 miliard 564 milioni lari Seadgina.

1 maRaroeli daiRupa
tyibulis maRaroSi 24 noembers Weris Camongrevis Sedegad.

11 dekembers biZina
ivaniSvilis sazogadoebrivi moZraoba `qarTuli ocnebis~ prezentacia gaimarTeba.

11 samuSao jgufs
Seqmnian `respublikelebi~, `Tavisufali demokratebi~ da biZina ivaniSvilis gundi.

80 dolariT gaaiafa
ruseTma gazi belarusisTvis.

10 aTas ruminels qalaq

bradaSi centraluri gaTboba gaeTiSa, ris gamoc qalaqis meri florin kazaku SimSilobs.

85 wlis asakSi gardaicvala

ioseb stalinis qaliSvili svetlana stalina-alilueva.

2 milion 357 aTas 759 lari

kontrolis palatis cnobiT aramarTlzomierad gaixarja tuberkulozis mkurnalobis saxelmwifo programis arajerovani marTvis gamo.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

ori azri

ilustracia fiqria meqvabiZe

gamarTlebulia Tu ara asocialuri sxva skolaSi gadayvana, an s

roca saqme mozardebs exeba, ar SeiZleba, sazogadoeba mxolod mayureblis pasiur rols dasjerdes da bavSvi Tavis problemebTan erTi erTze davtovoT. dRes vxedavT axalgazrdebs, romlebic danaSaulis niSnebis Semcvel deviantur qcevas sCadian, magram, bunebrivia, isini ver daisjebian sisxlis samarTlebrivi wesiT. sazogadoeba ki mxolod meTvalyurea da procesSi minimalurad ereva. magram, adamiani rasac 10 wlis asakSi akeTebs, imaves gaakeTebs 14 wlisac. Tuki Cven droulad ar CavereviT da bavSvs ar davexmarebiT, is cixeSi aRmoCndeba. Sesabamisad, es kanoni ar unda ganvixiloT, rogorc zemoqmedebis meqanizmi, iZuleba da sadamsjelo RonisZieba bavSvis mimarT. piriqiT, es maTTvis gawvdenili xeli da gamosworebis saSualebaa. Tuki mozardi sistematurad avkaxa anjafariZe
saqarTvelos parlamentis iuridiuli komitetis Tavmjdomaris moadgile

lens deviantur qcevas, misi sakiTxi komisiis winaSe daismeba. am komisiis wevrebi ar arian mosamarTleebi da prokurorebi, aramed pedagogebi, fsiqologebi, socmuSakebi isini ganixilaven mozardis saqciels, mis fsiqikas da Semdeg miiReben gadawyvetilebas. SeiZleba komisiam Careva saWirod ar CaTvalos, an gadawyvitos, rom bavSvs sWirdeba, vTqvaT, fsiqologTan siaruli, garemosa da skolis gamocvla. Tu bavSvi gansakuTrebiT saSiS gzas adgas, romelic mas aucileblad cixemde miiyvans, bunebrivia, Careva ufro mizanmimarTuli iqneba da

bavSvs gadaamisamarTeben specialur skolaSi, sadac ukeTesi pirobebi da fsiqologTan intensiuri kursebia. bavSvisTvis samarTlebriv Sedegs ar gamoiwvevs erTi qmedeba _ konkretuli qceva mxolod imis motivia, rom SeviswavloT, ra sWirs bavSvs. specialuri skolebi gamWvirvale iqneba da nebismiers SeeZleba Sesvla da situaciis Sefaseba. amave dros, dawesebulebebSi mudmiv monitorings Caatareben janmrTelobis, Sromisa da socialuri dacvis saministros specialuri jgufebi. Cemi xedva am kanonproeqtze Zalian martivia _ Cven, bunebrivia, mivesalmebiT, Tuki mas gamouCndeba oponentebi, romlebic proceduraze idaveben da raime axals SemogvTavazeben. magram, veranairad ver daveTanxmebi mas, vinc arsze kamaTs daiwyebs da ityvis, rom es cudi kanonia da movlenebi TviTdinebaze unda mivuSvaT.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

ori azri

da hiperaqtiuri qcevis bavSvebis specialur programaSi CarTva?

sanam sakiTxs davsvamdeT, unda vicodeT, ra tipis skolaSi gadahyavT bavSvi, ras SesTavazebs mas axali skola, programa, vin miiRo gadawyvetileba gadayvana/referirebis Sesaxeb, ris safuZvelze, an ra igulisxmeba asocialur da hiperaqtiur qcevaSi. parlamentSi warmodgenil kanonproeqtSi aris ramdenime punqti, rac bundovania. devianturi qceva gamoixateba rTul an/da antisazogadoebriv qcevaSi, romelic aSkara safrTxes uqmnis arasrulwlovnis ganviTarebas, mis an sxva adamianebis usafrTxoebas, keTildReobas an marTlwesrigs da vlindeba aranakleb 6 Tvis manZilze. es ganmarteba sakmaod zogadia da mravlismomcveli, ris gamoc ufro rTuldeba identificirebac da monitoringic imisa, Tu ramdenad sworad iyvnen bavSvebi SerCeuli ama Tu im programaSi, an skola-pansionSi gadasayvanad. rTuli qceva Zalian zogadi da far-

natalia zazaSvili
bavSvTa fsiqologi

To terminia da sxvadasxva specialistma SeiZleba gansxvavebulad ganmartos, bavSvis bedi ki ar unda iyos damokidebuli Cvens interpretaciaze. rTuli qceva yovelTvis uaryofiT konotacias ar gulisxmobs. magaliTad, tom soieri da heklberi fini devianturi Tu kriminaluri qcevisa iyvnen da dRevandel saqarTveloSi rom ecxovraT, sad mouwevdaT yofna? avWalis specialur dawesebulebaSi, skola-pansionSi Tu sadme sxvagan? ramdenad efeqtiania referalis gamoyeneba 10 wlis bavSvebis mimarT? 10 wlis bavSvis biofsiqosocialuri ganviTareba ar iZleva imis saSualebas,

rom bavSvma gaiazros, gaacnobieros Tavisi qceva, am qcevis Sedegebi da pasuxismgebloba sakuTar Tavze aiRos. mniSvnelovania, ra instrumentebiT moxdeba bavSvis fsiqosocialuri Sefaseba, unda vicodeT, ra riskebis Semcveli iyo misi socialuri garemo (ojaxi, skola da a.S.). miuxedavad imisa, rom kanonSi aris erTi adgili, sadac sityva `mzrunvelobaa~ gamoyenebuli, mTlianobaSi mgonia, rom swored es mzrunveloba aklia mas. Tu kanons ufro farTo, qveyanaSi mimdinare reformebis konteqstSi ganvixilavT, davinaxavT, rom is Tavisi damokidebulebiT, paTosiT arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis reformis farglebSi danergili `ganridebisa da mediaciis~ programis gagrZeleba unda iyos, romelic swored mzrunvelobiTi xasiaTisaa. aseve, rogorc ki daiwyeba bavSvis referirebis/gadamisamarTebis procesi, bavSvis mSobeli maSinve unda CaerTos.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

komentari

ruseTTan urTierTobebis gadatvirTvis Sansi mcirea

giorgi cxadaia
ilias universitetis politikuri mecnierebis magistranti

uaxloesi xuTi wlis manZilze saqarTvelos ruseTTan urTierTobis Zalian SezRuduli meqanizmebi rCeba. maqsimumi _ amJamindeli status kvos SenarCuneba iqneba.

saqarTveloSi bolo dros bevrs saubroben imaze, rom ruseTTan urTierTobebi unda gamovasworoT (`gadavtvirToT~, xelaxla daviwyoT), Tumca bolomde gaugebaria, Tu ras gulisxmoben. rusuli kompaniebis investiciebs saqarTveloSi problema arc axla eqmnebaT. `madneuli~, `kvarciti~, `azoti~, `bilaini~, `lukoil jorjia~, `xramhesi-1~, `xramhesi-2~, `Telasi~, `viTibi banki jorjia~ _ es im aqtivebis arasruli CamonaTvalia, romlebsac dRes rusuli kompaniebi saqarTveloSi floben. aqedan gamomdinare, `urTierTobis gamosworebaSi~ savaWro urTierTobebis aRdgena da mSvidobis ufro myari garantiebis miRweva igulisxmeba. am or Zalze mniSvnelovan sakiTxze ki, ruseTis mxridan daTmobebze wamosvla, Cemi azriT, nakleb savaraudoa. ufro mosalodnelia, rom ruseTi daTmobebis sanacvlod, amerikasTan Cveni megobrobis Sewyvetas moiTxovs. saqarTveloSi ruseT-saqarTvelos urTierTobebi xelisuflebasa da opozicias Soris dapirispirebis sagania, amitom, zogierTi mkiTxveli Cems Sexedulebasac romelime politikuri jgufis pozicias miakuTvnebs. dasawyisSive minda aRvniSno, rom Sidapolitikur debatebs vemijnebi da aRniSnul sakiTxze mxolod neitraluri damkvirveblis pozicias gTavazobT. daviwyeb ruseTis sagareo politikis mimoxilviT da ruseTsa da dasavleTis qveynebs Soris Seqmnili dRevandeli sagareo politikuri

gaurkvevlobis aRweriT. 2001 wlis 11 seqtembris teraqtis Semdeg ruseTis mTavrobam amerikasTan aqtiuri TanamSromloba daiwyo. dasavleTTan irib konfrontaciaze kremli mxolod putinis meore saprezidento mmarTvelobis dros _ gazzsa da navTobze gazrdili fasebis fonze da ukrainasa da saqarTveloSi momxdari revoluciebiT gaRizianebis Semdeg wavida. 2007 wels putini saubrobda amerikisa da evropis Semcirebul gavlenaze da ambobda, rom 2020 wlisTvis ruseTi msoflioSi erT-erTi yvelaze mdidari, dinamikuri da progresuli qveyana gaxdeba. konfrontaciam piks 2008 wlis agvistoSi miaRwia. ruseTis sagareo politikaSi erTgvari stagnaciis periodi agvistos omis Semdeg da msoflio finansuri krizisis pirobebSi dadga. 2009 wlis dasawyisSi mTavari rusuli safondo birJis indeqsi 90 procentiT daeca (2008 wlis maisis pikur monacemTan SedarebiT), pirdapiri ucxouri investiciebi (FDI) ki 2008-2009 wlebis periodSi 45 %-iT Semcirda. msoflio finansuri krizisi ruseTma gansakuTrebiT mwvaved gadaitana. 2009 wels qveynis mTliani Sida produqti (mSp) TiTqmis 8 %-iT daeca (SedarebisTvis, imave periodSi krizisis epicentris _ aSS-is mSp mxolod 2.6 %-iT Semcirda). am periodSi ruseTma ekonomikur dartymasTan erTad, politikuri dartymac miiRo. arcerTma misma mokavSire qveyanam, maT Soris, yazaxeTma,

belarusma da CineTma, afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis damoukidebloba ar cno. yirgizeTis parlamentma ki manasis samxedro baza kvlav amerikelebs dautova. kraxiT dasrulda ruseTis mier mxardaWerili oTxi yvelaze mdidari ganviTarebadi qveynis aliansis ideac (e.w. BRIC , romelSic brazilia, ruseTi, indoeTi da CineTi Sedian). cxadia, rom indoeTsa da CineTs aSkarad gansxvavebuli geopolitikuri interesebi aqvT da maincdamainc arc CineTisa da ruseTis interesebi emTxveva erTmaneTs. am droisTvis ikveTeba ruseTis ganviTarebis ori xedva, romelsac medvedevi da putini gamoxataven. medvedevis xedvas pirobiTad SegviZlia `liberaluri modernizacia~ davarqvaT, putinisas _ `konservatoruli modernizacia~. zogadad, modernizaciis aucileblobaze orive lideri Tanxmdeba. medvedevis politikuri kursis mxardamWerebi miiCneven, rom ruseTma unda daamyaros `modernizaciis aliansebi~ amerikasa da wamyvan evropul qveynebTan, gansakuTrebiT, germaniasTan, safrangeTTan da italiasTan. am qveynebs ruseTi mWidro politikur TanamSromlobas SesTavazebs, ris sanacvlodac is investiciebsa da `nou-haus~ miiRebs. medvedevi rusuli kvleviTi centris _ `Tanamedrove ganviTarebis institutis~ nominaluri Tavmjdomarea. am institutis vebgverdze qveynis nacionaluri prioritetebis siaa

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liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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Camowerili: maRali xarisxis gana- teqnologiebis aTviseba ruseTs saTleba, xelmisawvdomi sacxovrebeli sicocxlod sWirdeba, magram pirvel saxlebi, Tanamedrove jandacvis sis- rigSi, es saxelmwifo struqturebma unda moaxerxon _ magaliTad, samxetema da demografiuli mdgradoba. 2010 wlis ivnisSi medvedevi ameri- droebma. misi azriT, ucxouri firkaSi gaemgzavra imisTvis, rom misive mebi mogebis miRebis mizniT ruseTis gancxadebiT, enaxa `Tu rogor muSa- bazarze investiciebs isedac Cadeben obs iq yvelaferi~. mas maRali teqno- da maT sinamdvileSi, demokratiaze logiebis amerikuli centris e.w. silikonis velis msgavsi dasaxlebis Seqmna moskovis siaxloves surs. amisaTvis medvedevma amerikuli firmebisgan garkveuli mxardaWera moipova kidec. magaliTad, man daarwmuna cnobili kompania CISCO SYSTEMS, rom rusul kompaniebSi 1 miliardiani investicia ganexorcielebinaT. amave periodSi, medvedevis dadebiTi sagareo politikuri nabijebis ricxvs miekuTvneba amerikasTan birTvuli iaraRis Semcirebis xelSekrulebaze xelis mowera, iranze sanqciebis dawesebaze Tanxmobis gancxadeba da amerikisTvis avRaneTze gamavali momaragebis gzebis SeTavazeba. saboloo jamSi, medvedevis eqsperimentebis miuvladimir putini xedavad, imTaviTve cxadi iyo, rom ruseTSi liberalur modernizacias imaze gacilebiT marTalia, medvedevi da naklebi Sansebi hqonda, vidre optimistebi varaudobdnen. putini modernizaciaze modernizaciis gzaze mTavari dabrkoleba saxelmwifosa da didi bevrs saubroben, magram biznesis aRrevaa. oligarqebis da rogorc Cans, maT saxelmwifo korporaciebis lobi ucxoelebTan konkurenciaSi Cabmas gaazrebuli aqvT, rom ar dauSvebs. zomier konservatorebs _ maT Soris putins, gaazrebuli momdevno aTwleulis aqvT, rom ruseTis modernizacia manZilze ruseTis beds maRal politikur riskebs da SesaZloa, samoqalaqo areulobis safr- isev navTobisa da gazis Txesac Seicavdes. putini fiqrobs, rom dasavleTidan fasebi gadawyvets. ufro metad, stabiluroba aRelvebT. amitom, avtoritaruli reJimis pirobebSi modernizacia zemodan unda wamovides. amas garda, putinis banaki imasac amtkicebs, rom modernizacia neli tempebiT unda ganxorcieldes da ara swrafi naxtomebiT. ruseTSi modernizaciis mtrebad SeiZleba CavTvaloT ara mxolod biurokratia da araefeqturi korporaciebi da monopoliebi, aramed Tavad ruseTis mosaxleoba, romlis did nawilsac inovaciis mimarT instinqturad uaryofiTi reaqcia aqvs. `erTiani ruseTis~ mier putinis saprezidento kandidatad dayeneba, SeiZleba imis niSnad miviCnioT, rom ruseTSi swored am ukanasknelma xedvam gaimarjva. ruseTis dRevandeli biujetis daaxloebiT erT mesameds navTobisa da gazis eqsportisgan miRebuli Semosavlebi Seadgens. marTalia, medvedevi da putini modernizaciaze bevrs saubroben, magram rogorc Cans, maT gaazrebuli aqvT, rom momdevno aTwleulis manZilze ruseTis beds isev navTobisa da gazis fasebi gadawyvets. mosalodnelia, rom sul mcire momdevno xuTi wlis manZilze ruseTis sagareo politika radikalurad ar Seicvleba. ruseTi gaagrZelebs evrokavSiris individualur wevrebTan urTierTobebis politikas, savaraudod, SeinarCunebs saqarTvelos mimar pozicias da Seecdeba, rom amerikis administraciis gavlena kidev ufro metad Seamciros. am pirobebSi saqarTvelos ruseTTan urTierTobis Zalian SezRuduli meqanizmebi rCeba; maqsimum, imas SeiZleba mivaRwioT, rom amJamindeli status kvo SevinarCunoT.
foto ria novosti / REUTERS

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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komentari

ra surT profkavSirebs?
saqarTvelo evrokavSirTan Tavisufali vaWrobis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebaze oficialur molaparakebebs iwyebs. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT or mxares Soris araerTi gaugebroba da azrTa sxvadasxvaoba arsebobs, maT Soris imazec, Tu ramdenad sasikeToa es saqarTvelosTvis. Sroma erT-erTi yvelaze sakamaTo Temaa. saqarTvelos mTavrobaSi da dasavleT evropelebSi, kerZod evrokavSirSi, am sakiTxisadmi Zalian gansxvavebuli midgomebi arsebobs. xelisuflebis damokidebulebas kargad gamoxatavs biznes-ombudsmenis, giorgi pataraias Eurasia.net-Tvis gakeTebuli gancxadeba: `samuSao adgilebs biznesi qmnis da ara evrokavSiri an saqarTvelos xelisufleba. espaneTis an holandiis msgavsi Sromis kodeqsi rom gvqondes, Sromis Rirebuleba aqac iseTive maRali iqneboda, rogorc iq~. am libertarianuli xedvis logika imaSi mdgomareobs, rom Sromis regulaciebi pirdapir ukavSirdeba xelfasebis zrdas, rac bizness zians ayenebs. sakiTxi aq safasurs exeba. saqarTveloSi SedarebiT dabali Sromis safasuria, rac imas niSnavs, rom xelfasebic dabalia. xelisufleba Sromis dabali anazRaurebis SenarCunebas cdilobs, radgan es biznesis mepatroneebisTvis aris sasikeTo. rodesac saqarTvelos xelisuflebas vaxseneb, xelisuflebis yvela wevrs rodi vgulisxmob. teqnikurad biznes-ombudsmeni arc aris xelisuflebis wevri da mxolod damoukidebel makontrolebel organos warmoadgens. es SesaZloa asec aRmoCndes, Tumca jerjerobiT rTulia daskvnebis gakeTeba. xelisuflebas damoukidebeli uwyebebis xelmZRvanelebad damoukidebeli warmomadgenlebis daniSvnis sakmaod bundovani gamocdileba aqvs. safuZvliani dakvirveba mogviwevs imaSi dasarwmunebulad, Tu ramdenad damoukideblad imoqmedebs es axali figura. amitomac, rodesac vambob `xelisufleba~, mmarTveli gundis wevrebSi an maTTan daaxloebul pirebSi (romelTanac me komunikacia maqvs) gavrcelebul araformalur Sexedulebebs vgulisxmob. isini sakiTxs Zalian ideologiurad aRiqvamen: xelisuflebis mxridan garkveuli an sruli regulireba bizness arasaxarbielo mdgomareobaSi ayenebs. amasTanave, faqtobrivad, yvelaferi, ris gakeTebac biznesis mepatrones surs, ara mxolod ekonomikisTvis iqneba kargi, aramed ideologuradac sikeTis momtani gaxdeba. biznesis mflobelad yofna adamians sxva muSakebisgan gamoarCevs da garkveul elitur jgufSi awevrianebs. es idea yvelaze srulyofilad mweralma aian rendma Camoayaliba, romelsac 1960-ian wlebSi aSS-Si respublikelebze garkveuli gavlena hqonda. mas Semdeg am midgomiT naklebad Tu xelmZRvanelobs vinme, Tu ar CavTvliT saqarTvelos xelisuflebis oficialur pirebs. evrokavSirs gansxvavebuli xedva gaaCnia. isini am sakiTxs uflebebis konteqstSi ganixilaven, amitom saxelmwifo valdebulia dasaqmebulebis uflebebi iseve daicvas, rogorc saqarTvelos (mravaljer Sesworebuli da axlaxan Secvlili) konstituciis sxva muxlebi. am uflebebis Sesaxeb Sexedulebebi, ra Tqma unda, gansxvavdeba, Tumca mainc

mark maleni

arsebobs garkveuli standartebi, romlebsac msoflios yvela ganviTarebadi saxelmwifo iziarebs. erT-erTi aseTi kavSirebSi gaerTianebis da am kavSirebsa da biznesis mflobelebs Soris molaparakebebis uflebaa. ra Tqma unda, profkavSirebi sabWoTa kavSirSic arsebobda, magram radganac maSin yvelaferi partias da aparats ukavSirdeboda, didi veraferi gaakeTes. isRa moaxerxes, rom korufciuli sistemis nawilad iqcnen, risi wyalobiTac sabWoTa kavSirSi (saxls gareT), faqtobrivad, SeuzRudavi uflebebiT sargeblobdnen. sabWoTa kavSiri erTaderTi adgili ar yofila, sadac korumpirebuli profkavSirebi arsebobdnen. amas TiTqmis yvelgan hqonda adgili. amitomac iseve, rogorc sxva institutebis SemTxvevaSi, aqac marTebuli iqneba dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebis analizi moviSvelioT. unda gvaxsovdes, rom SabaT-kviris dasvenebebs profkavSirebs unda vumadlodeT, biznesis mflobelebi amis saWiroebas ver xedavdnen. damsaqmeblebi xSirad uyuradReboebi arian samuSao garemos usafrTxoebasTan, sufTa pirobebTan da sxva sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. maT uyuradRebobis gamoCena nebismieri ramis mimarT SeuZliaT, rac maT finansur xarjad ujdebaT. ganviTarebad qveynebSi, faqtobrivad, yvela politikoss sjera, rom saxelmwifo dasaqmebulebis samuSao da sxva pirobebis minimaluri standartebis uzrunvelsayofad did rols TamaSobs. Tumca saqarTveloSi xelisuflebas raimes regulirebis survili ar gaaCnia. mniSvnelovania, rom mTavari am fundamen-

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liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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turi uflebebis dacvaa, ase rom, naklebad mniSvnelovania, vin icavs maT _ xelisufleba Tu kavSirebi. Tumca rodesac xelisufleba pasuxismgeblobas Tavidan icilebs, am rolis Sesrulebis prerogativa profkavSirebze gadadis. saqme isaa, Tu ramdenad kargad arTmeven Tavs profkavSirebi am davalebas. komunistur qveynebSi profkavSirebis muSaobaSi naklebad var garkveuli, Tumca kapitalistur qveynebSi maT, tradiciulad, didi roli iTamaSes. garkveul adgilsa da garkveul droSi, ra Tqma unda, Zalian korumpirebuli kavSirebic yofilan da amis bevri magaliTi arsebobs. aSS-Si profkavSirebi wlebis ganmavlobaSi iSleboda, gansakuTrebiT mrewvelobis dargSi. es aSS-is mrewvelobis CineTSi da sxva qveynebSi gadanacvlebas daemTxva. mTavrobaSi dasaqmebulebis, maswavleblebis da sxvaTa profkavSirebi dRes amerikaSi moqalaqeebis SeSfoTebis sagans warmoadgens. mRelvarebas is faqti iwvevs, rom am samsaxurebSi daniSvnis Semdeg isini profkavSirebis gziT yvela Rones mimarTaven imisken, rom maTi samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis meqanizmebi mospon, rac unda arakompetenturi da gadamxdelebisTvis ZviradRirebuli iyos maTi dasaqmeba. aSS-Si demokratebs am safrTxeebze saubari ar uyvarT. isini arc `demokratebis~ partiaze profkavSirebis gavlenaze amboben rames. meore mxriv, profkavSirebis safrTxeebze `respublikelebi~ amaxvileben yuradRebas, Tumca am SemTxvevaSic, maTi yuradRebis miRma rCeba is realuri problemebi, romlebzec profkavSirebi muSaoben. dania Zalian kargi magaliTia. mosaxleobis sami meoTxedi profkavSirebis wevria, Tumca maT gansakuTrebuli agresia an gavlena ar axasiaTebT. amis mizezi is aris, rom saxelmwifo Tavadac efeqturad umklavdeba dasaqmebulebis regulirebas. iq msoflioSi yvelaze maRali gadasaxadebia, Tumca es ufaso janmrTelobis dacvas da samuSao adgilze, maRaziaSi da quCaSi usafrTxo garemos gulisxmobs. amitomac iq naklebad dgas profkavSirebis saWiroebis sakiTxi. amis gamo dasaqmebis bazari Zalian moqnilia, rac imas niSnavs, rom damsaqmeblisTvis daqiravebulis gaTavisufleba ioli da iafi procesia. daniaSi adamianebi samuSao adgilebs da karierasac ki msoflios yvela sxva qveynis warmomadgenlebze xSirad icvlian. es Zalian pozitiuri movlenaa. Tanamedrove globaluri ekonomikisTvis sasicocxlod mniSvnelovania mosaxleoba, romelic erT mudmiv samsaxurze ar aris mijaWvuli da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi, dasaqmebis SesaZleblobis miRma tovebs. espaneTs evrokavSirSi yvelaze maRali umuSevroba aqvs. saqarTvelom sxva mxares gadauxvia, rac evropaSi da aSS-Si SeumCneveli ar darCenila. saqarTvelos xelisuflebis profkavSirebisadmi agresiuli damokidebuleba briuselisTvis da vaSingtonisTvis mtkivneul Temad iqca. sakmarisia gavixsenoT maswavleblebi da quTaisis foladis qarxana. maswavleblebis mimarT xelisuflebas cvalebadi, sazogadoebisTvis naklebad gamWvirvale politika gaaCnia, romlis Sesrulebis xarisxic kiTxvis niSnis qveS dgas. amis gaTvaliswinebiT sruliad gasagebia maswavleblebis mxridan damoukidebel profkavSirebSi gaerTianebis survili, razec xelisuflebam sruliad miuRebeli reaqcia gamoiCina. es usamarTlo da aragonivrulia. aseve logikuri iyo quTaisis foladis qarxanaSi gaCenili saCivrebic. xelisuflebam aqac aragonivruli reaqcia gamoiCina. mogvianebiT xelisuflebam Tavisi sawyisi qmedebis gamosworeba scada, Tumca bevrs sjera, rom pirvelma reaqciam misi namdvili damokidebuleba gamoaCina. ekonomikuri zrdis garda sxva araerT mizanzea saubari. saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobebi gaaCnia, romelTagan zogs ukve moawera xeli, zogis gaformeba ki momavalSi mouwevs, Tu, ra Tqma unda, romelime elitaruli klubis, magaliTad, evrokavSiris Tavisufali savaWro zonis wevroba surs. saxelmwifos dasaqmebulebis samuSao garemos usafrTxoeba unda surdes. profkavSirebis gaqrobis nacvlad, mas misi irelevanturobis demonstrireba unda surdes. samTavrobo gundma ideologia ukan unda moitovos da profkavSirebis arsebobis WeSmarit miznebs daukvirdes, rac legitimuri miznebis miRwevis erT-erTi gzaa. erTmaneTTan saubrisTvis adamianebis gaTavisufleba verasodes gaxdeba gonivruli grZelvadiani strategiis safuZveli.

saqarTvelom sxva mxares gadauxvia, rac evropaSi da aSS-Si SeumCneveli ar darCenila. saqarTvelos xelisuflebis profkavSirebisadmi agresiuli damokidebuleba briuselisTvis da vaSingtonisTvis mtkivneul Temad iqca.

adgilis cvlilebis gamo diskomforts ar ganicdis. naklebad mosalodnelia, rom uaxloes momavalSi saqarTveloSi Sroma iseTive Zviri gaxdes, rogorc holandiaSi an espaneTSia. Tumca isic marTalia, rom espaneTSi da evropis zogierT sxva qveyanaSi adamianis samsaxuridan gaTavisufleba imdenad rTuli procesia, rom damsaqmeblebisTvis axali TanamSromlebis daqiraveba gamowvevas warmoadgens. amitomac, problema ara maRal xelfasebSi an samuSao Zalis ZviradRirebulobaSi, aramed profkavSirebis mier uaRresad regulirebul da dacul dasaqmebis usafrTxoebis meqanizmebSia, rac adamianebs dasaqmebis

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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warmoSobis paradoqsi da qarTuli eqsporti

konstantine vekua
fermeri

rogor unda daimkvidros qarTulma produqciam adgili `Sveicariuli saaTebis~, `franguli Rvinisa~ da `germanuli manqanebis~ epoqaSi? warmoSobis paradoqsi _ aris Tu ara es gadaulaxavi barieri qarTuli kompaniebisTvis?

ra perspeqtiva aqvs qarTul produqcias ucxoeTis bazrebze? vgulisxmob ara mxolod imas, Tu ra SegviZlia SevTavazoT, aramed ramdenad momgebianad SevZlebT Cveni naSromis realizebas. amis Sesaxeb yvelaze realur warmodgenas Tqveni kompaniis profilis Sesabamisi gamofenis stumroba da Tqvens potenciur klientebTan gulaxdili saubari SegiqmniT. Cveni kompania agrarul seqtorSi muSaobs da ramdenime Tvis win berlinSi erT-erT udides agrarul gamofenaze vimyofebodiT. yvelaze metad gvainteresebda, ra kriteriumebiT Sefasdeboda Cveni nawarmi. zogadad, Sefasebis kriteriumebs vgulisxmob da ara _ erT erTeul kilogramze konkretul fass. yvelaze xSirad aseTi winadadeba gvesmoda: `ara aqvs mniSvneloba, sjobia Tu ara Tqveni nawarmi xarisxiTa da gemoTi italiur da berZnul analogebs. miuxedavad yvelafrisa, Tqveni produqciis fasi italiur da berZnul nawarmze dabali unda iyos, radgan Tqveni qveyana momxmarebelTa Soris am produqtTan ar asocirdeba. Tavidan ase unda iyos da mere vnaxoT~. erTi SexedviT usamarTlobaa _ Tu ukeTesia, ratom ar unda daimsaxuros ufro maRali Sefaseba, anu ufro maRali fasi?! mogvianebiT gavigeT aseTi termini: warmoSobis paradoqsi. am terminma da misma ganmar-

tebam niuansebze dagvafiqra. ras niSnavs warmoSobis paradoqsi? ase daarqva pirvelad harvardis universitetis profesorma rohiT deSpandem momxmareblis mier `namdvilobis~ (authenticity) Sexedulebebis gamomuSavebas droTa ganmavlobaSi: Sveicariuli saaTebi, franguli Rvino, germanuli manqanebi da sxva.

Cvenma kompaniebma unda gaakeTon arCevani xarisxze, mis SenarCunebasa da gaumjobesebaze. da es unda Seexos umcires detalebsac. yvelaferi gaTvlili unda iyos.

produqtis fass ganapirobebs ara mxolod misi xarisxi, SefuTva da miwodebis siadvile, aramed isic, Tu romel qveyanaSia es produqti warmoebuli. anu mwarmoebeli qveynis mimarT arsebuli faqtobrivi da warmosaxviTi Sexedulebebi mniSvnelovnad zemoqmedebs produqtis fasze. magaliTi: erTi venesueluri kompania kakaoTi amaragebs cnobil Sveicariul Sokoladis kompaniebs da Tavadac awarmoebs Sokolads, magram

misi produqti gacilebiT nakleb fasad iyideba, vidre imave kakaoTi, oRond SveicariaSi damzadebuli Sokoladi. savaWro firmebi da sacalo qselebi yovelTvis Seecdebian momxmarebelTa Sexedulebebi faswarmoqmnis drosac gamoiyenon da rac SeiZleba naklebi fasi daadon axali, naklebad cnobili qveynidan SeTavazebul produqts. aris Tu ara es gadaulaxavi barieri qarTuli kompaniebisTvis? erTi SexedviT, TiTqos sruliad iracionalur movlenasTan gvaqvs saqme da sruliad uimedod gveCveneba fanebad qceuli momxmareblebis Cvenken mobruneba. Tumca, sanam gamosavlis Zebnas daviwyebT, ufro Rrmad davukvirdeT am erTi SexedviT `samudamo erTgulebis~ gamomwvev mizezs: Cven specialurad gamoviyeneT Semdegi sityvebi `warmoSobis paradoqsis~ axsnisas: `Sexedulebebis gamomuSaveba droTa ganmavlobaSi.~ xom gagigiaT kamaTi romelime produqtze, romelic `Tavidan xarisxiani iyo da mere gaafuWes~? xarisxis Seqmna, misi SenarCuneba da Tu SesaZlebelia, gaumjobeseba aris mTavari saSualeba imisTvis, rom axal momxmareblebs droTa ganmavlobaSi ndoba gamoumuSavdeT axali produqtis mimarT. amis erT-erTi bolo magaliTia `hiundai~, romelic Tavidan

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mxolod `fasze muSaobda~, axla ki xarisxis gaumjobesebiT maRalfasian modelebsac warmatebiT yidis. qveynebs Soris ki iaponia aris yvelaze sarwmuno magaliTi imisa, Tu rogor SeZlo warmoSobis paradoqsis damarcxeba aramarto erTma kompaniam an erTma seqtorma, aramed TiTqmis yvela seqtorma. 50-60 wlis win nebismier iaponur nawarmze albaT iseTive reaqcia eqnebodaT momxmareblebs, rogoric dRes Cvens produqciaze aqvT. gamodis, rom fasis erT-erTi mTavari ganmsazRvreli aris `xarisxis mudmivad miwodebis garantia~. klienti, romelic 5, 10 da 15 weli mudmivad xarisxian produqts iRebs erTi da imave kompaniidan an erTi regionis ramdenime kompaniidan, is bunebrivad ufro met moTxovnebs uyenebs naklebad cnobili qveynis naklebad cnobil momwodebels. gamosavali swored isaa, rom Cvenma kompaniebma gaakeTon arCevani xa-

risxze, mis SenarCunebasa da gaumjobesebaze. da es unda Seexos umcires detalebsac. yvelaferi gaTvlili unda iyos. magaliTad, kargia, rom qarTuli kompaniebic aTavseben TavianT stendebs supermarketebSi, Tumca daufiqrebloba da uxarisxobaa, rodesac aseT stendebs maxvili kuTxeebi aqvT, sadac momxmarebelma SeiZleba SemTxveviT TiTi gaiWras. xarisxiani produqti Sedgeba 10, 20 an SeiZleba ufro meti komponentisgan da 20-ive komponenti xarisxiani unda iyos. xarisxs ar gansazRvravs mxolod SefuTva. ucxoel klientebTan momzadebulad misvla, gonivruli fasis SeTavazeba da micemuli pirobis Sesruleba aseve pirdapir ganapirobebs Cven Sesaxeb Sexedulebebis formirebas. micemuli pirobis Sesrulebis mxriv rom mZime mdgomareoba gvaqvs, amas erTi magaliTi adasturebs: qarTuli kompaniebis TiTqmis absoluturi

umravlesoba ucxoeTSi produqciis SeZenisas safasurs winaswar ixdis, xolo ucxoeTSi qarTuli nawarmis eqsportisas, piriqiT, konsignaciis pirobaze (anu `posleze~) daTanxmeba uwevs. anu, qarTul kompaniebTan urTierTobis SemTxvevaSi ucxoeli partniorebis safiqrali mxolod produqciis xarisxi ki ar aris, aramed isic, mivawodebT Tu ara am produqcias saerTod. aseTi saSiSroebis gamo, ra Tqma unda, fuls winaswar aravin gadmogviricxavs. aseve, ar iqneba sakmarisi, rom mxolod erTeulma kompaniebma SeZlon saukeTeso xarisxis produqtis warmoeba. sxva qarTuli kompaniebis uxarisxo saqoneli mudam xels SeuSlis xarisxian qarTul produqts adgilis damkvidrebaSi. aseT SemTxvevaSi, qarTuli kompaniebis umetesobas TavianTi produqtis nakleb fasad eqsporti mouwevT. naklebi fasi naklebi mogebaa, naklebi mogeba ki _ naklebi reinvesticia.

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"politika, rogorc saxelmwifo, moqalaqis samsaxurSi unda iyos"

interviu `germaniis Tavisufali demokratiuli partiis~ warmomadgenelTan,

roland vernerTan

saqsoniis ekonomikis, Sromisa da transportis saministros saxelmwifo mdivani, roland verneri `germaniis Tavisufali demokratiuli partiis~ wamomadgenelia da saqarTveloSi germanuli fondis, `fridrix naumanis fondi TavisuflebisaTvis~ xelSewyobiT Camovida. `germaniis Tavisufali demokratiuli partia~ meore msoflio omamde `germaniis saxalxo partia~ iyo, amJamindeli saxiT ki omis Semdeg Camoyalibda. `Tavisufali demokratebi~ germaniaSi `social-demokratiuli~ da `qristian-demokratiuli~ partiebis Semdeg, sididiT mesame partiaa da liberaluri ideologiiT gamoirCeva.

saqarTveloSi pirvelad 15 wlis win viyavi, mainteresebda, mas Semdeg rogor Seicvala situacia. Cveni, rogorc germanuli liberaluri partiis, adgilobrivi partniori `respublikuri partiaa~. arsebobs saerTaSoriso liberaluri gaerTianeba _ liberaluri internacionali, romelic msoflios liberalur partiebs aerTianebs. am gaerTianebis wevrebi arian `germaniis Tavisufali demokratebi~ da saqarTvelodan `respublikelebi~.

tradiciulad, Tqveni partia germaniaSi klasikuri liberaluri partiaa Tavisi RirebulebebiTa da ekonomikaSi memarjvene midgomebiT. dRes rogori prioritetebi gaqvT, xom ar Secvlila Tqveni midgomebi? Cven vemxrobiT absoluturad Tavisufal demokratiul politikas, socialur sabazro ekonomikas, sadac garkveuli CarCoebi arsebobs. es TamaSia, sadac wesebs emorCilebi da sadac TvalTaxedvidan arasdros gamogrCebian

mosaxleobis susti fenebi, romlebsac konkurenciis gaweva ar SeuZliaT. aseve, Zalian mniSvnelovania, saxelmwifo dawesebulebebi, sasamarTloebi realurad damoukideblebi iyvnen da ar uwevdeT raime sxva ZalisTvis angariSis gaweva. CvenTvis moqalaqeobrivi Tavisufleba zustad iseTive mniSvnelovania, rogorc ekonomikuri Tavisufleba. aucielebelia, moqalaqes damoukidebeli sasamarTlos da damoukidebeli

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institutebis imedi hqondes. samoqalaqo Tavisuflebas CvenTvis fundamenturi mniSvneloba aqvs. Tqven CarCoebi axseneT, romelic sabazro ekonomikisTvis arsebobs. postsabWoTa qveynebSi, sabWoTa gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, uaryofiTad aRiqvamen ekonomikis raime saxiT regulirebas da CarCoebs Tavisufal bazarze. Tqveni politikuri TvalTaxedviT, sad gadis zRvari CarCoebsa da Tavisuflebas Soris? saqme isaa, rom saqsonia, saidanac me var, sul raRac 20 wlis win jer kidev aRmosavleT germaniis, anu socialisturi blokis Semadgeneli nawili iyo. aqedan gamomdinare, albaT, gaqvT garkveuli informacia saqarTvelos politikuri da ekonomikuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. rogor SeafasebdiT mas? am kiTxvaze Semdegnairad SemiZlia gipasuxoT: 15 wlis win erTi kvira davyavi saqarTveloSi. ra Tqma unda, mas Semdeg uamravi rame ukeTesobisaken Seicvala da es TvalsaCinoa, magram, faqtia, Zalian bevri ram darCa gasakeTebeli. Tqvens partias davubrundeT, sididiT mesame partia xarT germaniaSi, xSirad mTavrobaSi moxvedras axerxebT. ra faqtorebi ganapirobebs Tqvens warmatebas? mgoni, es aris Zalian mkafio SiTvis vlobirebT maT da vfiqrob, swored es moqmedebs Cvens moqalaqeebze. Tavisufleba Zalian Zvirfasi da mniSvnelovani monapovaria. is janmrTelobas hgavs _ rodesac Tavisufleba gaqvs, maSin ver afaseb, magram roca kargav, maSin ukve Zalian Zvirfasi xdeba da mis dafasebas iwyeb. sazogadoebis ra nawilia Tqveni yvelaze erTguli amomrCeveli? principSi, Cven saqsoniaSi sazogadoebis yvela fenaSi gvyavs erTguli amomrCeveli. vfiqrob, Tavisuflebaze orientirebuli politika ar gulisxmobs mxolod garkveuli fenis warmomadgenlebs an garkveuli ganaTlebis mqone adamianebs. amas garda, politikur partias yvela fenasTan unda SeeZlos laparaki. Tqven rogor urTierTobT amomrCevelTan da zogadad, rogoria amomrCevlebTan urTierTobis kultura Tqveni partiisTvis? `germaniis Tavisufali demokratiuli partiis~ saxeliT SemiZlia vTqva, rom Cveni partia Zalian axlosaa mosaxleobasTan. politika, iseve, rogorc saxelmwifo, moqalaqis samsaxurSi unda iyos. anu, yvelanairi instituti da politika moqalaqeebisTvis arsebobs da ara piriqiT. amitom, maSinac ki, rodesac saarCevno periodi araa, intensiurad vsaubrobT mosaxleobasTan. praqtikulad, kampanias vatarebT arCevnebis gareSec. regularulad vuxsniT, Tu ratom viRebT konkretul gadawyvetilebas, ra mizezebi gvaqvs da ra Sedegs velodebiT. saqarTveloSi saarCevno sistema jer kidev formirebis procesSia. xSirad xdeba kritikis sagani is faqti, rom maJoritar deputatebs

Zalaufleba efeqturad aris dayofili. magaliTad, drezdens an laifcigs, SeuZlia miiRos sakuTari gadawyvetilebebi imis miuxedavad, mxaris mTavroba da federaluri mTavroba amas moiwonebs Tu ara. 17 wlis Semdeg Cven sagrZnoblad SevamcireT umuSevarTa ricxvi. krizisis gamo SevamcireT sabiujeto xarjebi, magram es ar Sexebia fuls, romelic ganaTlebisa da samecniero kvlebisaTvisaa gankuTvnili. amJamad ukve kargi maCveneblebi gvaqvs da Cveni finansebi izrdeba.

CvenTanac Zalian didi skepticizmia biurokratiisa da mmarTvelobis mimarT. bunebrivia, Tavisuflebisadmi Zalian didi swrafva da Tavisuflebis nostalgiac arsebobs. magram, Tavisufleba realurad mxolod maSin ganxorcieldeba, roca is pasuxismgeblobasTan iqneba dakavSirebuli. es maSin xdeba, roca Tqven garkveul CarCoebs inarCunebT. upasuxismgeblo iqneba modeli, sadac mxolod ufro Zlieri gaimarjvebs da susti waagebs.

naarsobrivi safuZveli. praqtikulad, Cven Tavisuflebis partia varT. es gulisxmobs ara mxolod ekonomikur Tavisuflebas, aramed, sazogadoebriv Tavisuflebazec didi aqcentia gakeTebuli. ra Tqma unda, am or sakiTxSi xan meti da xan naklebi koniunqturaa. Cveni mdgomareobac, amis mixedviT, xan umjobesdeba da xan uaresdeba. magram mniSvnelovania, rom varT Tanmimdevrulebi da garkveuli Temebis, sakiTxebis erTguli vrCebiT, yovel-

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parlamentis mandatTa didi nawili ekuTvniT. axali kanonmdeblobiT, maTi raodenoba kidev ufro izrdeba da TiTqmis utoldeba partiul mandatebs. Tqven rogor SeafasebT amgvar saarCevno sistemas? CemTvis rTulia imis Sefaseba, kargia es saqarTvelosTvis Tu cudi. nebismierma qveyanam da calkeulma kulturam unda ipovos Tavisi politikuri sistema. Cven, germaniaSi magaliTad, gvaqvs politikuri sistema, romelic Zalian Zlier partiul sistemas gulisxmobs. Cveni sistemis am saxiT Camoyalibebaze gavlena Cvenma mZime istoriulma warsulma iqonia da situaciidan gamomdinare aseTi modeli gaxda saWiro. dRes germaniaSi sxvadasxva mimarTulebis demokratiuli politikuri partiebi arsebobs, Tumca, TiToeuli maTgani ukve stabiluradaa Camoyalibebuli da arCevnebis dros maT ukve TavianTi niSa aqvT. Cveni sistema proporciuli da maJoritaruli arCevnebis Sereuli sistemaa. principSi, CvenTan rogorc mxareebis, aseve federalur doneze, warmomadgenloba ZiriTadad siebis mixedviTaa, magram gvyavs pirdapiri wesiT arCeuli maJoritari deputatebic. Tumca, stabilurobas mainc im siebiT vaRwevT, romelsac partiebi gvTavazoben. Tanmimdevruli politikis warmoebisTvis ra mniSvneloba aqvs partiul mandatebs, Tu axdens gavlenas deputatebis arCevis wesi am faqtorze? maJoritari deputatebic, principSi, partiebis warmomadgenlebi arian. isic unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom CvenTan umravlesoba sakmaod xSirad icvleba. mTavrobis mudmivi cvlileba Cveni politikuri cxovrebis nawilia, es arsebuli realobaa, romelsac unda SeveguoT _ swored cvalebadoba gamoxatavs politikaSi arsebul Tanamimdevrulobas. is politikosebi, romlebic Semdeg mTavrobaSi modian, partiaSic iyvnen garkveuli pasuxismgeblobis matareblebi. aqedan gamomdinare, maTi moqmedebebi mainc Tanamimdevrulia. praqtikulad, es faqtori pluralizmis ganmapirobebelia. amas garda, mTavrobis xSiri cvla gadawyvetilebebis miRebaSi monawile bevr gamocdil politikossac niSnavs, romelTac pasuxismgeblobis TavianT Tavze aReba SeuZliaT. politikis Tanmimdevrulobaze saubrisas gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom CvenTan, germaniaSi, Zalian maRalia decentralizaciis xarisxi. ratom aris mniSvnelovani Zlieri adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis arseboba da saqarTveloSi Tu xedavT amis perspeqtivas? Cemi azriT, Zalian mniSvnelovania, gadawyvetilebebi swored iq miiRon, sadac Semdgom unda ganxorcieldes. germania dayofilia 16 mxared da amocanebis garkveul nawils mTlianad mxareebi wyveten, xolo sakiTxTa meore nawilisTvis pasuxismgebeli ukve federaluri mTavrobaa. Cveni decentralizacia kidev ufro Sors midis, Cven federalur miwebs SigniT gvaqvs komunebi da Zalian Zlieri komunaluri parlamentebi. pluralizmis saukeTeso gagebiT, Zalaufleba efeqturad aris dayofili. magaliTad, drezdens an laifcigs, SeuZlia miiRos sakuTari gadawyvetilebebi imis miuxedavad, mxaris mTavroba da federaluri mTavroba amas moiwonebs Tu ara. Zalauflebis sxvadasxva doneze gadanawileba, Zalian sasargebloa politikuri sistemisaTvis. es aris Cveni gamocdileba germaniaSi, magram saqarTvelosTvis ra aris kargi, es TviTon qarTvelebma unda gadawyviton. bolos: ekonomikur krizisze, romelTan gamklavebac mTel msoflios mouwia, maT Soris, evropasac. rogor aisaxa krizisi Tqven mxareze, saqsoniaze da ra zomebis miReba mogiwiaT? sxvaTa Soris, ekonomikur kriziss saqsoniaze iseTi gavlena ar hqonia, rogorc evropis sxva nawilebze. magram, es sasixarulo faqtori Cvens erT sisustes ukavSirdeba _ krizisi sagrZnoblad imitom ar Segvexo, rom Cven saTanadod ar vyofilvarT CarTuli saeqsporto saqmianobaSi. globalurma ekonomikurma krizisma is qveynebi da mxareebi ufro daazarala, romlebic aqtiur saeqsporto saqmianobas eweodnen. saqsoniaSi ki es krizisi imisTvis gamoviyeneT, rom Cvens mxareSi reformebi gagvetarebina. bolo 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi, berlinis kedlis dacemis Semdeg, Zalian bevri problema gvqonda mosagvarebeli da 17 wlis Semdeg Cven sagrZnoblad SevamcireT umuSevarTa ricxvi. krizisis gamo SevamcireT sabiujeto xarjebi, magram es ar Sexebia fuls, romelic ganaTlebisa da samecniero kvlebisaTvisaa gankuTvnili. amJamad ukve kargi maCveneblebi gvaqvs da Cveni finansebi izrdeba. finansuri zrdis pirobebSi, ra sferoebSi CadebT yvelaze met subsidiebs, ra aris Tqveni prioritetebi? sxvaTa Soris, swored am dReebSi unda miviRoT es gadawyvetilebebi. Tumca Cveni prioritetebi calsaxad aris ganaTleba, ganaTleba da ganaTleba.

esaubra ani WankotaZe.

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zugdidis Teatri

usaxsro
iTxovs.

zugdidis Teatri
miuxedavad imisa, rom zugdidis TeatrSi civa da ganaTebac cudia, mayurebeli aq mainc dadis. Tumca, Teatris Senoba nel-nela ingreva da dasi Svelas
avtori, foto: malxaz Wkadua
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saRamos 7 saaTia. orasamde adamiani, ZiriTadad _ axalgazrdebi, Teatris SesasvlelTan grovdebian. msaxiob giorgi foCxuas reJisorobiT dadgmuli speqtaklis, aRsarebis warmodgena iwyeba. darbazSi sicivea da sakmarisad ganaTebulic ar aris, Tumca zugdidelebs, romlebsac yoveldRiurobis gaxaliseba surT da Teatri uyvarT, sxva alternativa ar aqvT. SenobaSi, romelsac zugdidis Salva dadianis saxelobis dramatuli Teatri hqvia, TiTqmis yvelaferi moSlilia _ gaTboba, scenis ganaTebis sistema, akustika, garderobi, sagrimioroebi, wyalgayvaniloba. Teatri dRemde mxolod 14-kaciani dasis enTuziazmze dgas da Svelas iTxovs.

yoveli samuSao dRe Teatris TanamSromlebisTvis dalagebiT iwyeba _ msaxiobian-damlageblianad yvela kedlebidan Camocvenil baTqaSs gvis. Teatris meore sarTulze, sadac erT dros dekoraciebi mzaddeboda, akrobatuli ileTebi gWirdeba, rom Camocvenili baTqaSis, agurebis da Zveli ficrebis grovaSi gaiaro. Teatraluri inventaris nacvlad aq wylis didi rezervuari dgas. wylis sistema rom moiSala, ezoSi Wa gavaTxrevineT, rom xelebi mainc dagvebana... mricxveli dagviyenes. sasacilo ki aris, magram vixdiT, aba, ra vqnaT, _ ambobs msaxiobi zurab laSxia, romelic TeatrSi 1974 wlidan muSaobs da zustad icis, Senobis romel nawilSi ra problemaa. Teatri, ukve 20 welia, nel-nela

ingreva. 90-iani wlebis dasawyisSi aq `mxedrionelebsac~ `ucxovriaT~. kvalic darCa _ kedlebze samizneebs xatavdnen Turme da danis srolaSi varjiSobdnen. Senobas ramdenime natyviaric amCnevia, romelic imave periodidan SemorCa. zugdidis Teatris Senoba 1947 wels auSenebiaT da mas Semdeg TiTqmis ar garemontebula. asaki kidev ufro daetyoboda, Teatris personali Camongreul kedlebs Zveli fotoebiTa da afiSebiT saguldagulod rom ar faravdes. erT Semodgomaze, vidre wvimebis sezoni daiwyeboda, Teatris TanamSromlebma Senobis saxuravis marjvena, ufro dazianebuli mxare SeakeTes. mxolod amisTvis eyoT fuli. Tumca, wyalma gza mainc ipova da

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Teatri ise datbora, rom TanamSromlebma xeli Caiqnies. 2010 wels adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis gadawyvetilebiT, TeatrisTvis 10 aTasi lari gamoiyo _ gadaixura saxuravis nawili. marTalia, axla scenas ar awvims, magram awvims mayureblebs. romantikaa, verafers ityvi, _ xumrobs axalgazrda msaxiobi giorgi foCxua, romelmac Tbilisis Teatraluri universiteti daamTavra da Semdeg mSobliur qalaqSi dabrunda. Teatris arqivSi inaxeba Zveli sezonis afiSa, sadac TvalsaCino adgilze weria: Teatri Tbeba. dRes es warwera aq yvelas daujereblad eCveneba. `sxva TeatrebSi kapitaluri remonti gaakeTes, evrostandartebiT

moawyves sagrimioroebi, mosasvenebeli oTaxebi, darbazic, scenac ganaaxles. gvinda, rom muSaobis normaluri saSualeba gvqondes, ar viyinebodeT, arc mayurebeli iToSebodes. SarSan `stumar-maspinZels" rom vdgamdiT, orjer damemarTa filtvebis anTeba~, _ foCxua adgilobrivi xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebs araerTxel Sexvda, Tumca uSedegod. Teatris xelmZRvanelis maia kalandias TqmiT, Teatris problemebis mogvareba mTlianad regionis xelmZRvanelobis keTilganwyobazea damokidebuli, ise, rogorc es komunistebis dros iyo. rogorc sabWoTa dros, dResac, pirvel pirebzea bevri rame damokidebuli. iseTi kulturuli tradiciebis mqone qalaqs, rogoric zugdi-

dia, ganaxlebuli Teatri namdvilad sWirdeba, _ maia kalandia didxans da enTuziazmiT hyveba Teatris istorias da sakuTar monaTxrobs saarqivo masalebiT amyarebs. TeatrSi amboben, rom regionis yofil gubernators zaza gorozias arasdros gamouCenia dasisadmi yuradReba, arc SenobaSi arsebuli problemebiT dainteresebula. TanamSromlebi imasac ixseneben, rom problemebze Riad saubris gamo msaxiobebs adgilobriv TviTmmarTvelobaSi opozicionerebad moixseniebdnen. TeatrisTvis adgilobrivi biujetidan yovelwliurad 156 aTasi laria gaTvaliswinebuli, romlis didi nawili 27 TanmSromlis xelfasis gacemas xmardeba.

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saxelfaso fondis Semdeg saxelmwifos mier gamoyofili Tanxidan sul 30 aTasi lari gvrCeba. romels mivxedoT: Wers, sagrimioros, rekvizitebs Tu premierebs. miuxedavad imisa, rom regionSi moqmedi Teatrebidan Cvens Teatrs wlis ganmavlobaSi yvelaze meti premiera aqvs, yvelaze naklebad swored zugdidi finansdeba, _ ambobs maia kalandia. igi ixsenebs, rom kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis saministrom premierisTvis mxolod orjer gadmoricxa 7 aTasi lari. axali speqtaklis dadgmas sul mcire, 10 aTasi lari sWirdeba. arsad Teatri finansurad momgebiani ar aris, ar gvaqvs imis iluzia, rom speqtaklebidan did Semosavals miviRebT. Cven sul sxva misia gvaqvs _

wylis sistema rom moiSala, ezoSi Wa gavaTxrevineT, rom xelebi mainc dagvebana... mricxveli dagviyenes. sasacilo ki aris, magram vixdiT, aba, ra vqnaT, _ ambobs msaxiobi zurab laSxia.

vcdilobT, xalxs cxovreba cotaTi SevumsubuqoT. Cvens regionSi bevri devnilia, vcdilobT yvelasTvis xelmisawvdomi iyos TeatrSi mosvla. premieraze bileTis fasi 3 laria, arasapremiero Cvenebaze ki 1 lari. xSirad ufaso warmodgenebic gvaqvs, oRond axalgazrdebi davainteresoT. samegrelo-zemo svaneTis mxaris

gubernatori guram misabaSvili ambobs, rom momavali wlis biujetSi Teatris garemontebis sakiTxi aucileblad iqneba gaTvaliswinebuli. Tumca, jer Tavad unda mivide da vnaxo, ra mdgomareobaSia Senoba. davsaxavT konkretul gegmas da vfiqrob, samuSaoebi momavali wlis zafxulSi daiwyeba, _ ambobs misabaSvili.

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"qarTuli ocneba" daregistrirda

samoqalaqo moZraobis daarseba biZina ivaniSvilis, rogorc politikosis, pirveli nabijia.
maia wiklauri
28 noembers sajaro reestrSi oficialurad daregistrirda arasamewarmeo iuridiuli piri `qarTuli ocneba~. reestrSi aRniSnulia, rom es aris samoqalaqo moZraoba, romlis Tavmjdomarea safrangeTis moqalaqe biZina ivaniSvili. organizaciaSi warmomadgenlobaze uflebamosili pirebi ivaniSvilTan erTad arian: samxedro eqsperti irakli sesiaSvili, konfliqtebis mogvarebis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris yofili moadgile giorgi volski da `Tavisufali demokratebis~ gamgeobis wevri, italiaSi saqarTvelos yofili elCi zaal gogsaZe. wesdebis mixedviT, organizaciis ZiriTadi miznebi Semdegia: `qarTuli saxelmwifos siZlieris, Tavisuflebisa da demokratiuli principebis damkvidrebis, Tavisufali mediis ganviTarebisaTvis xelSewyoba; qarTuli eTno-kulturuli tradiciebis dacva da popularizacia; eTnikuri da religiuri umciresobebis uflebebisa da TviTmyofadobis dacva, maTi qarTvel sazogadoebaSi integrirebis xelSewyoba; Tavisufali arCevnebis xelSewyoba da arCevnebis monitoringi; saxalxo diplomatia; TviTmmarTvelobis ganviTarebis, Tavisufali mewarmeobis ganviTarebis xelSewyoba; kulturuli da sameurneo memkvidreobis dacva da sxva saqmianoba, romelic ar aris akrZaluli kanonmdeblobiT~. erTi saaTiT adre, vidre organizacia `qarTuli ocneba~ oficialurad daregistrirdeboda, ivaniSvilis pressamdivnom sajaro reestri procesis ukanonod gaWianurebasa da politikuri oponentis devnaSi daadanaSaula. pressamdivnos gancxadebiT, `qarTuli ocnebis~ dasafuZneblad ganacxadi reestrSi 4 dRiT adre Seitanes, Tumca registracia dagvianda. ukve daregistrirebuli samoqalaqo moZraobis oficialuri prezentacia 11 dekembers filarmoniaSi Sedgeba. prezentacia ufro adre _ 25 noembers iyo dagegmili, Tumca ivaniSvilis pressamdivnos cnobiT, `xelovnurad Seqmnili winaaRmdegobebis~ gamo RonisZiebisaTvis saWiro farTi im dros ver iqiraves. samoqalaqo moZraoba biznesmen biZina ivaniSvilis, rogorc politikosis, pirveli proeqtia. safrangeTis moqalaqe ivaniSvils saqarTveloSi politikuri partiis dafuZnebis ufleba ar aqvs, amitom misTvis moqalaqeobis dabrunebis moTxovniT mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT sxvadasxva organizaciis warmomadgenlebi xelmowerebs agroveben. Tbilisis quCebSi SeiZleba aseT gancxadebasac waawydeT: `saqarTvelos moqalaqeebi moviTxovT mieniWos saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba biZina ivaniSvilsa da mis meuRles ekaterine xvedeliZes~. am meTodiT dReisaTvis 160 aTasamde xelmoweraa Segrovili. Tumca, ivaniSvilisa da misi meuRlisaTvis moqalaqeobis xelaxla miniWebis sakiTxi piradad prezidentma saakaSvilma unda gadawyvitos. ivaniSvils prezidentisTvis am TxovniT jer ar miumarTavs. biznesmenis moqalaqeobis sakiTxs ukve saapelacio sasamarTlo ganixilavs. am sakiTxze mosamzadebeli sxdoma 5 dekembersaa CaniSnuli. ivaniSvilisa da misi meuRlisTvis moqalaqeobis CamorTmevis sakiTxs saxalxo damcvelis aparatic swavlobs. moqalaqeobis aRdgenazea damokidebuli, Tu ra formiT CaerTveba 55 wlis biznesmeni qarTul politikaSi da rogor gamoiyenebs mosaxleobis im mxardaWeras, romelic pirveli gancxadebebis Semdeg moipova. 28 noembers, kvleviTi centris IPM-is SemTxveviTi meTodiT Catarebuli gamokiTxvis Sedegebi gamoqveynda. gamokiTxulTa 41-ma procentma biZina ivaniSvilis politikaSi mosvla pozitiur movlenad Seafasa. biznesmenis politikaSi gamoCenis mimarT negatiurad 16 procentia ganwyobili. gamokiTxulTa 43 procenti ki fiqrobs, rom biZina ivaniSvili Tavisi politikuri miznebis ganxorcielebas SeZlebs. IPM-is kvlevis analizSi weria, rom ivaniSvilis gundis mTavari gamowveva `nacionaluri moZraobis~, rogorc ualternativo Zalis, imijis daZleva iqneba. kvlevis analizis mixedviT, dRevandel politikur garemoSi axali politikuri Zala mxolod maSin SeZlebs gamarjvebas, Tu ramdenime segmentze erTdroulad gaakeTebs aqcents. `biZina ivaniSvils ukve aqvs `qvelmoqmedis~, `mamuliSvilis~ reputacia. Tumca mas meti mxardaWerisaTvis sWirdeba dinamika (anu piari) da kompetencia. aq biZina ivaniSvils aqvs ara imdenad problemebi, ramdenadac carieli adgili. rogorc yovelTvis, saqarTveloSi piari igebs arCevnebs~, _ aRniSnaven kvlevis avtorebi. IPM-is gaTvlebiT, ivaniSvilis resursi saqarTveloSi amomrCevelTa 53 procentia. kvlevis mixedviT, ivaniSvilis momxreebSi is adamianebi moiazrebian, vinc ruseTTan urTierTobebis normalizebas (teritoriu-

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li mTlianobis aRdgena, ruseTis bazris gaxsna) emxroba, ukmayofiloa mixeil saakaSvilis saqmianobiT da qveynis ganviTarebis mimarTulebiT. ruseTi is mTavari sakiTxia, razec ivaniSvilisa da xelisuflebis poziciebi mkveTrad gansxvavdeba. ruseTTan dakavSirebiT ivaniSvilma ukve ramdenime gancxadeba gaakeTa da yvela gamosvlaSi xazi gausva, rom ruseTTan urTierTobis aRdgena misi erT-erTi prioritetia. is ruseTTan urTierTobis normalizebis gzaze afxazeTisa da oseTis konfliqtis mxareebad aRiarebas emxroba, rac gulisxmobs usafrTxoebis garantiebis micemas am regionebisaTvis, `molaparakebas mxareebTan da ara _ saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqtebTan~. am gancxadebebis gamo umravlesobis wevrebma ivaniSvili kidev erTxel gamoacxades ruseTis interesebis gamtareblad. saparlamento umravlesobis liderma goka gabaSvilma ganacxada, rom ivaniSvilis pozicia srulad emTxveva Jenevis molaparakebebze rusuli delegaciis pozicias, romelsac kremli omis Semdeg kbilebiT icavs. momaval arCevnebSi ivaniSvili, savaraudod, `respublikelebTan~ da `Tavisufal demokratebTan~ erTad CaerTveba. ori politikuri partia da ivaniSvilis gundi ukve emzadeba samomavlo qmedebebisaTvis. isini 25 noembers erToblivi samuSao jgufebis Seqmnaze SeTanxmdnen da sxvadasxva mimarTulebiT, maT Soris politikis, usafrTxoebisa da soflis meurneobis kuTxiT gegmaven muSaobas. momavali arCevnebisaTvis emzadeba saqarTvelos xelisuflebac. iusticiis saministrom moamzada sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi, romelic iuridiul pirebs partiebis dafinansebas ukrZalavs da finansur limitebs awesebs. aseve wesdeba limiti sawevro Senatanze. Tuki cvlileba damtkicda, erTi piri sawevros saxiT partiis angariSze wlis ganmavlobaSi 1200 larze met Tanxas ver Seitans. garda amisa, partiam wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos Sida produqtis 0,2 procentze meti dafinanseba ar unda miiRos. magaliTad 2012 wels dagegmili biujetis mixedviT, partiebis dafinanseba 53 milion lars ar unda aRematebodes. es cvlileba moqalaqeTa politikuri gaerTianebebis Sesaxeb kanonSi mzaddeba. xelisuflebaSi acxadeben, rom iniciativis mizezi 2003 wlis evrosabWos ministrTa komitetisa da GRECO-s (evropis sabWos korufciis winaaRmdeg mebrZoli qveynebis jgufi) mier SemuSavebuli rekomendaciebia. cvlilebebi jer parlamentSi inicirebuli ar aris, Tumca arasamTavrobo organizaciebsa da zogierT politikur partiaSi fiqroben, rom iusticiis saministros iniciativa swored biZina ivaniSvilis gamoCenas ukavSirdeba. arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da iusticiis saministros warmomadgenlebis Sexvedris Semdeg `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ programebis xelmZRvanelma nina xatiskacma ganacxada: `kanonproeqtis aseTi daCqarebuli ganxilva gvafiqrebinebs, rom cvlileba politikur arenaze axali politikuri moTamaSis, biZina ivaniSvilis gamoCenas ukavSirdeba~. iusticiis saministros iniciativa ewinaaRmdegeba saarCevno kodeqsis kanonproeqts, sadac partiaTa saarCevno fondebis dafinansebas specialuri muxli aregulirebs. opoziciisa da xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebis mier zafxulSi miRweuli SeTanxmebis mixedviT, iuridiul pirebs politikuri partiebis saarCevno fondSi, maqsimum, 200 aTasi laris gadaricxva SeuZliaT. orive iniciativa veneciis komisiaSia gadagzavnili. umravlesobis wevris, Ciora TaqTaqiSvilis ganmartebiT, kanonmdeblobaSi sabolood cvlilebebis is proeqti aisaxeba, razec Sesabamis daskvnas veneciis komisia gaakeTebs. veneciis komisiis daskvnas parlamentSi 16-17 dekembers elodebian. manamde _ 11 dekembers axlad daregistrirebuli moZraoba Tavis mxardamWerebs filarmoniaSi elodeba. imaze, Tu rogor Caivlis es Sexvedra da ramdeni adamiani miva filarmoniasTan, damokidebulia rogorc ivaniSvilis gundis, aseve xelisuflebis momavali qmedebebic.

ivaniSvilma kalaZis bankis aqciebi SeiZina

`progres bankma~, romelic fexburTel kaxi kalaZes ekuTvnis, 24 noembers gaavrcela informacia, rom bankis 8,67 procenti biznesmenma biZina ivaniSvilma Seisyida. `progres bankis~ gancxadebaSi weria, rom axali partnioris mosvliT bankis kapitali 1 milion 300 aTasi lariT gaizarda da misma sawesdebo kapitalma 14 milion 980 aTasi lari Seadgina. kalaZem oqtomberSi ganacxada, rom ivaniSvils uWers mxars. 24 noembers fexburTelma socialur qselSi gaavrcela informacia, rom ivaniSvilis mier bankis aqciebis SeZenis Semdeg `progres bankis~ saqmianobis Seswavla saqarTvelos erovnulma bankma daiwyo. `es aris gagrZeleba sabanko terorisa, romelic erovnuli bankis xeliT daiwyo `qarTu bankze~ da amJamad grZeldeba `progres bankze~, _ ganacxada kalaZem. saqarTvelos erovnulma bankma ivaniSvilis kuTvnili `qarTu bankis~ saqmianobis Seswavla 19 oqtombers daiwyo.

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politika
tomas de vaali
kavkasiis mkvlevari, karnegis centri, vaSingtoni

komentari

stumroba oligarqTan
TbilisSi, Cemi sastumros foieSi vdgavar. Tomas? _ Soridan mekiTxeba axalgazrda wvergauparsavi qarTveli da miaxlovdeba. me Tanxmobis niSnad Tavs vuqnev. biZina, _ meubneba is erTaderT sityvas. ase daiwyo Cemi winaswar daniSnuli Sexvedra adamianTan, romlis Sesaxebac yvelaze mets laparakoben saqarTveloSi. `lend kruizerSi~ CavsxediT, Tbilisis erTi amaRlebuli gorakisken daviZariT da patara, kerZo xeivani gaviareT. eleqtronuli WiSkari frTxilad gaiRo da Cven SuSisa da metalis konstruqciis pirispir aRmovCndiT. es futuristuli sasaxle, romelsac garSemo Tanamedrove skulpturebis patara tye akravs, iaponeli arqiteqtoris, Sin takamacus namuSevaria. is Tavad Semogvegeba. ivaniSvili sakmaod dabalia, qondriskacs waagavs, uzadod acvia da iRimis. miliarderTan interviu manamde arasodes mqonia, Tumca mas Zalian uSualo manerebi aqvs. kedlebze dakidebuli naxatebis TvalierebiT viwyebT: egon Sile, klod mone, lusien froidi. aRiarebs, rom maRali donis aslebia, originalebi londonSi inaxeba. igi sakmaod Tavisuflad, ubralod saubrobs, Tumca imasac vamCnev, rom am simSvidis ukan Tavdajerebuloba da TviTkontroli imaleba. intervius Casawerad vsxdebiT. is _ lusien froidis portretis qveS, me _ mis pirdapir. vusvam kiTxvas, romelic gasuli Tvis manZilze misTvis asjer mainc dausvamT: ratom waxvediT qarTul politikaSi? gazviadebuli ar iqneba, Tu vityviT, rom ivaniSvilma qarTuli politika erT TveSi Tavdayira daayena. qveyanam mSfoTvare 10 weli gamoiara. jer 2003 wlis mSvidobiani `vardebis revolucia~ iyo, romelmac eduard SevardnaZis gadaRlil, moZvelebul reJims dausva wertili. Semdeg, qveynis saTaveSi movida 36 wlis mixeil saakaSvili _ evropis yvelaze axalgazrda prezidenti, romelic seriozul reformebs Caudga saTaveSi. meryevi saakaSvili araRiarebuli regionebis gamo ruseTTan konfrontaciaSi Caeba, rac 2008 wlis agvistoSi srulmasStabiani konfliqtiT dasrulda. omSi damarcxebis Semdeg saakaSvilis popularoba daeca, Tumca man mainc moaxerxa xelisuflebis SenarCuneba. man da misma partiam

biZina ivaniSvilis rezidencia

TandaTanobiT poziciebi aRidgines. aRmasrulebel, saparlamento, adgilobriv xelisuflebebze da mediaze virtualuri monopoliis wyalobiT isini 2012-13 wlebis moaxloebuli arCevnebisTvis kvlav sxvebze upirates poziciaSi aRmoCdnen. am dros gamoCnda miliarderi. ruseTSi qonebis dagrovebis Semdeg, ivaniSvili mSobliur sofels

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daubrunda. mis qonebas Forbes-i 5,5 miliard dolarad afasebs. ivaniSvili wlebis manZilze aqtiuri qvelmoqmedebiT iyo dakavebuli _ aremontebda da aSenebda skolebs, Teatrebs, eklesiebs, afinansebda xelovnebis warmomadgenlebs. Tumca, sajarod arasodes gamoCenila. is imdenad gasaidumloebulad cxovrobda, rom grafi monte kris-

toc~ ki Searqves. Tumca, am istoriaSi erT eqscentrul gadaxvevas aqvs adgili: misi vaJi, bera los-anjelesSi sacxovreblad gadavida da saqarTvelos yvelaze cnobil reperad iqca. raRac periodSi Tavisi popularobiT sakuTari mamac ki daCrdila. 2011 wlis 7 oqtombers ki ivaniSvilma sajarod ganacxada, rom po-

moqalaqeebis ganwyoba SemaSfoTeblad amaRlebulia. Cemma Zalze aramecnierulma gamokiTxvam, aCvena, rom aTidan aTi adamiani biznesmens uWers mxars.
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foto levan xerxeuliZe

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litikaSi modioda da saakaSvils Secvlida. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTveloSi am gancxadebidan erTi Tvis Semdeg Camovedi, qveyanaSi saubrebis ori mesamedi kvlavac ivaniSvils eTmoba. bolo erTi wlis manZilze 10-12 adamiani, romelTac TbilisSi vesaubrebi xolme (Zveli megobrebi, Jurnalistebi, akademiuri sferos warmomadgenlebi, TbilisSi mcxovrebi ucxoelebi) daaxloebiT amas mimeorebdnen: saxelisuflebo partiam bevri kargi ram gaakeTa, Tumca isini imdenad arian Zalauflebis SenarCunebaze fokusirebuli, rom xalxTan kavSiri dakarges. maT piar mesijebi realobaSi eSlebaT. Zalian bevr adamians yelSi amouvida es situacia, TbilisSi, ZiriTadad, demokratiuli procesebis Seneleba aSfoTebT, regionebSi ki ukmayofilebis mTavari mizezi umuSevrobaa. Tumca, opozicia imdenad marginalizebulia, rom sando alternativa ar Cans. amjerad, Cemi megobrebi status kvos Secvlis perspeqtiviT moxiblulni momeCvennen. Tumca, Tavad ivaniSvilisadmi damokidebuleba araerTgvarovania. sxvadasxva mosazrebebi gamoiTqva: man TamaSis axali wesebi Semoitana da es kargia saqarTvelosTvis. misi manerebi ar momwons. is maSinebs. xalxi ukve cinikurad iyo ganwyobili momavlis mimarT. axla maT imedi gauCndaT. am etapze es erTi kacis Soua. vnaxoT, moaxerxebs Tu ara gundis da programis Camoyalibebas. im rigiTi moqalaqeebis ganwyoba, romelTac vesaubre, SemaSfoTeblad amaRlebulia. Cemma Zalze aramecnierulma gamokiTxvam, romelic taqsis mZRolebSi da apolitikurad ganwyobil nacnobebSi Cavatare, aCvena, rom aTidan aTi adamiani biznesmens uWers mxars. gansakuTrebiT xSirad ismoda Semdegi fraza: man Zalian bevri gaakeTa saqarTvelosTvis. ivaniSvilis gamoCenaze xelisuflebas mtruli da TavdacviTi reaqcia hqonda. safrangeTis moqalaqeobis miRebis gamo, mas saqarTvelos moqalaqeoba CamoarTves, riTac misi politikaSi monawileoba unda aRekveTaT. qarTuli pasporti kidev ufro aradamajerebeli argumentiT mis meuRlesac CamoarTves. Tumca, moqalaqeoba dautoves ivaniSvilis Svilebs, romlebic jer 21 wlisac ar arian da kanonis Tanaxmad politikaSi monawileobis ufleba ar aqvT. es imas niSnavs, rom axla ivaniSvilma moqalaqeobis aRdgenis TxovniT piradad saakaSvils unda mimarTos. unda gaviTvaliswinoT isic, rom mas arc meti, arc naklebi, saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis mxardaWera aqvs. kviris qadagebisas am ukanasknelma ganacxada, rom es patrioti kaci saqarTvelos moqalaqeobis aRdgenis Rirsia. ivaniSvilis `qarTu bankis~ saqmianobis agresiuli gamoZieba, romelsac klientebis dafrTxobis aSkara mizani hqonda, aseve ukureaqciiT dasrulda. magnatisadmi mxardaWeris gamosaxatad, bankSi angariSis gaxsnas rigSi mdgomi aTasobiT adamiani cdilobda. warumateblad dasrulda pro-saxelisuflebo mediis mier ivaniSvilis preskonferenciis CaSlis mcdelobac. misi gancxadebebis ganxilvisa da miwasTan gasworebis nacvlad, prosaxelisuflebo mediis warmomadgenlebi sanaxaobis mTavar gmirebad iqcnen: yvirodnen, mikrofonisTvis ibrZodnen, telefonebze redaqtorebisgan da prodiuserebisgan instruqciebs iRebdnen da utaqto kiTxvebs svamdnen. momdevno dRes TbilisSi ivaniSvils ki ara, Jurnalistebis saqciels akritikebdnen. am yvelafris gamo TbilisSi Tvem dramatulad Caiara. qarTul sajaro sivrceSi raRacis nakleboba iyo da is ivaniSvilma Seavso. Tumca, rogorc akademikosma giorgi gogsaZem miTxra: sakiTxi ivaniSvilis fenomens ufro exeba, vidre mis pirovnebas. Tumca, adre Tu gvian mniSvnelovani gaxdeba, Tu rogori pirovnebaa is. kvlav ivaniSvilTan Cems 90-wuTian saubars vubrundebi. erTi Tvis win ivaniSvilis gancxadeba politikaSi mosvlis Sesaxeb saintereso, Tumca Camouyalibebeli iyo. xmamaRla fiqrs ufro waagavda, vidre politikur programas. Tumca, kaci, romelsac me Sevxvdi, gacilebiT Camoyalibebuli da politikurad sazriani momeCvena. erT TveSi man, rogorc politikosma, didi zrda ganicada. kiTxvas _ ratom _ grZel pasuxs scems. is amJamindel xelisuflebas bevr rameSi daexmara da 2008 wlamde saakaSvilsac bevrjer Sexvedria. is afinansebda jars da skolebs, Tumca xelisuflebas imis gamo gamoeyo, rom misi azriT, saakaSvilma 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebi gaayalba. amis Semdeg ivaniSvilma qarTuli opoziciis Seswavla daiwyo. rodesac darwmunda, rom opozicias cvlilebebis Zala ar Seswevda, situaciaSi CarTva Tavad gadawyvita. ra Tqma unda, opozicias rom moexerxebina da xelisuflebaSi Cemi daxmarebis gareSe mosuliyo, ar movidodi politikaSi. opozicias xelisuflebaSi mosvla uCemod ar SeuZlia, me maT amaSi davexmarebi. man qarTul sazogadoebas daRla Seatyo: es reformebi xalxisTvis Sokismomgvrelia. TiToeuli reforma, TiToeuli nabiji mosaxleobas SokSi agdebs. misi TqmiT, xelisuflebam fasaduri ekonomika, yvelaferi fasaduri, potiomkinis sofeli Seqmna. misi mtkicebiT, biznesi dRes naklebad Tavisufalia, vidre SevardnaZis periodSi iyo da amas xelisuflebam Semosavlebze, mediaze da sasamarTlo sistemaze mkacri kontroliT miaRwia. veubnebi, rom qarTvelebi radikaluri cvlilebebisgan gadaiRal-

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nen da garantia sWirdebaT, rom Tu reJimi Seicvleba, yvelafris Seneba isev nulidan ar daiwyeba. is meTanxmeba da ambobs, rom marTlac bevr adamians, romelic Tavis saqmeSi profesionalia, surs samsaxuri SeinarCunos, ukeTesi kariera gaikeTos. ivaniSvili sam reformas axsenebs, romlebic mxolod viwro segmentzea gaTvlili: policia, jaris reformireba da ganaTlebis sistemaSi korufciis mospoba. is, rac adamianebs yvelaze metad aSfoTebT, ivaniSvilis zedmetad Tavdajerebuli tonia. miliarderi xSirad imeorebs: Cven movalT xelisuflebaSi! veubnebi, rom saqarTvelos kidev erTi mesia ar sWirdeba. qveynis samive prezidenti _ zviad gamsaxurdia, eduard SevardnaZe da mixeil saakaSvili, rig-rigobiT sargeblobdnen saqarTvelos mxsnelis statusiT, rac arasdros marTldeboda xolme da xalxi imedgacruebuli rCeboda. ivaniSvili am kiTxvas elodeba. Cems mxardamWerebs sul amas vTxov, rom Cemgan kerpi ar Seqmnan! _ ambobs siciliT. Semdeg ki sakuTari sityvebis gasamyareblad dasZens, rom mokavSired ori damoukidebeli da gamocdili opoziciuri partia SearCia. maT Soris, erT-erTi irakli alasanias, gaeroSi saqarTvelos yofili elCis partiaa. yvelafris miuxedavad, misi gegma Zalian radikaluria da masSi mTavari moqmedi gmiri Tavadaa. warmatebis miRwevas igi saqarTvelos axali xelisuflebis formirebiTa da sistemis SecvliT gegmavs. Semdeg ki, politikidan wava. garantias gaZlevT, rom Zalauflebas swrafad davTmob. ori wlis Semdeg, an odnav mogvianebiT kidev SevxvdebiT da darwmundebiT, rom Zalauflebas ar vebRauWebi. Semdeg ruseTze kiTxvis jeric dgeba. es is sakiTxia, romelmac 2008 wlis Semdeg saqarTvelos polarizacia moaxerxa. nebismieri politikosi, romelic ruseTTan urTierTobebis gamosworebaze saubrobs, dgeba im safrTxis winaSe, rom prosaxelisuflebo media arapatriotis iarliys moargebs. es danaRmuli velia da ivaniSvili yvelafers akeTebs, rom aqedan usafrTxod gamovides. saqarTvelo agvistos omis dros Zalian dazaralda. vinc unda iyos pasuxismgebeli omis wamowyebaze, saqarTvelos mimarT agresiiT ruseTma didi Secdoma dauSva. meore mxriv, kargad mesmis, rom situaciis dramabiznesebs imisTvis vyidi, rom SemdgomSi es kiTxva aRar gaCndes da Tavisufal adamianad viqce. saubris Semdeg Senoba da xelovnebis galerea damaTvalierebina. erT-erT yvelaze did oTaxSi sruli sicarielea, mxolod steinveis pianino dgas centrSi (pianinoze mTeli ojaxi ukravs, _ ambobs is). SuSis uzarmazari fanjridan Tanamedrove skulpturebiT savse terasa Cans, Semdeg xedi saakaSvilis axal saprezidento Senobaze, bolos ki samebis taZarze iSleba, romlis mSeneblobac ivaniSvilma daafinansa. am momentSi TavSi erTma azrma gamielva: visurve, saqarTvelo aseTi damokidebuli ar yofiliyo did personaliebze: saakaSvilze, patriarqze da miliarderze, romlis gverdiTac videqi. is STambeWdav da enigmur miqs gvTavazobs: lusian froidi da marTlmadidebeli eklesia, los-anjeleseli reperi da patriarqi, biznes kariera ruseTSi da prodasavluri mokavSireebi, TavSekavebuli da rkinasaviT mtkice. am axal qarTul fenomenTan gatarebuli 90 wuTis Semdeg davaskveni, rom is gulwrfelia da aravisi proeqti ar aris, sakuTari Tavis garda. SevniSne isic, rom problemis gadaWra _ am SemTxvevaSi mTavrobis Secvlac _ fuliT warmoudgenia. misi programa axla iwereba. miuxedavad imisa, rom mgonia qarTul politikas SenjRreva sWirdeba, gamiCnda SiSic, rom qarTvelebi am axal fenomems mxolod misi fulis gamo irCeven da kidev imitomac, rom masSi axal mxsnels xedaven. sxvagvarad rom vTqvaT, problema imdenad ara ivaniSvili, aramed Tavad qarTvelebi da maTi molodinia. es iqneba didi testi patara qveynisTvis _ gauZlos ivaniSvilisTana mniSvnelovani figuris qarizmas, rac unda gulwrfeli miznebi amoZravebdes mas.
statia daibeWda JurnalSi Foreign Policy

is STambeWdav da enigmur miqs gvTavazobs: lusian froidi da marTlmadidebeli eklesia, los-anjeleseli reperi da patriarqi, biznes kariera ruseTSi da prodasavluri mokavSireebi, TavSekavebuli da rkinasaviT mtkice.

tizeba ar aris saWiro. Cven isini ar unda vwyevloT, rogorc amas saakaSvili akeTebs. am stagnaciidan Tavis dasaRwevad Cems gunds da me ruseTis xelisuflebasTan saubris dawyeba mogviwevs, _ ambobs is. da ra moelis mis bizness ruseTSi, romelic misi mTliani kapitalis mesameds Seadgens? magnati ambobs, rom ukve daiwyo ruseTSi Tavisi biznesis gayidvis procesi. am biznesis mTliani Rirebuleba, ivaniSvilis TqmiT, 1,25-dan or miliardamde meryeobs. igi imedovnebs, rom 1,5 miliards mainc miiRebs (amas mSvidad vusmen, ise, rom verc vacnobiereb, ras niSnavs realurad es ricxvebi). es procesi dawyebulia da ukve arsebobs interesi. Cems

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Tavi 52

saqarTveloSi

omi iwyeba
(fragmenti kondoliza raisis wignidan)
kondoliza raisis wignma `memuarebi vaSingtonSi gatarebuli wlebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTveloSi azrTa sxvadasxvaoba gamoiwvia. gadavwyvite, mTlianad meTargmna Tavi, romelSic kondoliza raisi agvistos omze, amerika-ruseTis urTierTobebsa da msoflio politikur Tu ekonomikur mowyobaSi am movlenis gavlenaze saubrobs. Tavs hqvia `saqarTveloSi omi daiwyo~ da is mTlianad saqarTvelos Temas exeba, Tumca konteqstis aRwerisas, wignis avtori da yofili saxelmwifo mdivani msoflioSi im periodSi mimdinare movlenebzec saubrobs, aseve, mis pirad urTierTobaze sergei lavrovTan Tu mixeil saakaSvilTan. wigni sul 58 Tavisgan Sedgeba da kondoliza raisis TeTr saxlSi moRvaweobisas msoflio politikaSi momxdari movlenebis gaxseneba da analizia. wigni exeba terorizmTan brZolas, da zogadad, amerikis da kerZod, jorj buSis administraciis damokidebulebebs msoflio mowyobisa da wesrigis mimarT. rac Seexeba Tavs saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, is iwyeba kosovos TemiT da sruldeba saqarTvelosTvis gamoyofili miliarddolariani rekonstruqciis TanxebiT.

wina wels Cvensa da putinis ruseTs Soris urTierTobis sakvanZo Tema soWi iyo. 2008 wlis zafxulisTvis kosovos garSemo vnebaTaRelva izrdeboda da ruseTis agresia saqarTvelos mimarT piks aRwevda. Cveni ruseTTan da natosTan koaliciuri Zalebis SeTanxmebis Sesaxeb molaparakebebis Semdeg, romelic erTi wliT adre Sedga, kosovos sakiTxis bolo safexuri axlovdeboda. balkaneTi, romelic didi xnis ganmavlobaSi, meoce saukuneSi iq wamowyebuli omebis gamo, aRiqmeboda rogorc denTis kasri, SedarebiT mSvidobia-

ni iyo mTeli Cveni marTvis periodis ganmavlobaSi. zogierTi qveyana _ albaneTi, xorvatia, makedonia da slovenia _ sakmaod kargad arTmevda Tavs ekonomikur da politikur realobas. bosnia da hercogovina ki, sami prezidentiT da sami gansxvavebuli usafrTxoebis ZalebiT, maSin da axlac sakmaod areulia. deitonis SeTanxmebebma tragikuli bosniuri omi daasrula, magram man aseve ori mTavroba da erTi avtonomiuri mxare warmoqmna: bosniisa da hercogovinis federacia, bosniel serbTa respublika, romelic serbebiTaa da-

saxlebuli da mesame TviTmarTvadi regioni, romelic ekuTvnis rogorc federacias, ise bosniel serbTa respublikas. brekos municipaliteti, ZiriTadad, muslimuria. 2005-2006 wlebSi, saxelmwifos integraciisTvis, am erTobebis konstituciuri reformis aucileblobaSi darwmunebas vcdilobdi. arsebuli konstituciuri moTxovnebiT, bosniisa da hercogovinis saprezidento posts sami individi _ erTi rotaciis principiT cvladi da ori mudmivi wevri ikavebs. saxelmwifos meTauri TiTo xorva-

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tisgan, serbisgan da bosnielisgan formirdeba. 2005 wels saxelmwifo departamentSi sami prezidenti rom gamocxadda, vicodi, rom meti integraciis miRwevis mcdeloba arafers mogvcemda. erTaderTi, unda mecada, rom yvela maTgans esaubra da me, Cemi mxriv, maTi xsenebisas, TiToeuli saxeliT momexseniebina. es yvelaferi arsaiT midis, _ vifiqre. da es asec iyo. konstituciuri referendumis gziT mTavrobis konsolidaciis mcdeloba 2006 wels Cavarda, magram bosnia da hercogovina imaze uares dReSi ar aRmoCndnen, vidre Cvens mcdelobebamde iyvnen. asea Tu ise, kosovos gadauWreli problema axal Ria konfliqtSi gadazrdis safrTxes kvlavac qmnida. 90-ian wlebSi natos sahaero kampaniam slobodan miloSeviCis Zalaufleba daasrula. misi mmarTvelobis dros albaneli kosovoelebi, romlebic mosaxleobis 90%-s Seadgendnen, eTnikuri wmendis msxverplni gaxdnen. miloSeviCis serbiulma jarebma mTeli qalaqebis evakuacia moaxdines, qalebsa da bavSvebs aiZulebdnen kosovos sazRvrisken wasuliyvnen, xocavdnen kacebs da maT masobriv saflavebSi yridnen. mTlianobaSi miloSeviCis jarebma 1.3 milioni kosovoeli albaneli aiZula saxlebi daetovebina. mas Semdeg, rac natom miloSeviCi SeaCera da Zalauflebas Camoacila, evrokavSirma kosovoSi droebiTi administraciuli misia daamkvidra, rom regioni gakontrolebuliyo da konfliqtebi ar ganmeorebuliyo. kosovos statusis gadasawyvetad wamoWrili ramdenime diplomatiuri mcdeloba Cavarda. 2007 wels fineTis yofilma prezidentma, marti ahtisaarma, romelic maRali reputaciiT sargeblobda da evrokavSiris saxeliT moqmedebda, scada kidev erTxel epova problemis mogvarebis gza. man es ver SeZlo, Tumca kosovos statusTan dakavSirebiT ahtisaaris gegmis saxeliT cnobili angariSi warmoadgina, romelic kosovoelebisTvis damoukideblobis miniWebis rekomendacias iZleoda. ahtisaaris gegmas Cven mtkiced vuWerdiT mxars da Cvens elCs, frenk vaisners, rotaciaSi myof diplomats, vTxove emoqmeda rogorc Cvens warmomadgenels da gegmis aRsrulebaSi dagvxmareboda. frangebi, britanelebi, germaneuaris sapirispirod Sekvra da gadawyvetilebis miReba iyo, iqamde sanam mouTmeneli kosovoelebi quCebSi gamovidodnen. mtkiced mwamda, serbebis damSvidebis gza unda gvepova, romelTa mimarTac garkveuli simpaTia gamaCnda. serbebma dasavluri orientaciis prezidenti, boris tadiCi airCies, romelsac uzomod surda qveynis evrokaSirsa da natoSi integracia. den fridi vaisners, sxva diplomatebsa da pentagons Soris sakvanZo diplomati iyo. amerikis SeerTebul Statebs regionSi jarebi hyavda da arsebobda safrTxe, rom nebismieri Zaladoba maT konfliqtSi CaTrevas gamoiwvevda, rac jaWvuri reaqciiT evropasac CarTavda samoqalaqo omSi. meore ZiriTadi safrTxe iqneboda belgradis mcdeloba, daekavebina kosovos zeda nawili, sadac radikali serbebi cxovrobdnen. darwmunebuli viyavi, rom moskovs es ar surda, Tumca, rusebi ar cdilobdnen maTi mokavSiris feTqebadi tonis Sesustebas. 2007 wlis zafxulSi kosovoelebSi mRelvareba gaZlierda, me evropelebs moqmedebisken vubiZgebdi. Cveni mizani kosovos aRiareba da garSemo rac SeiZleba meti mokavSiris Semokreba iyo. natos mokavSireebi, kerZod germanelebi da frangebi, Tavs ikavebdnen da imedovnebdnen, rom moskovi saswaulebrivad Seicvlida pozicias. roca ivnisis Sua ricxvebSi frangebma sakiTxis gadawyvetis kidev erTi TviT gadadeba moiTxoves, prezidenti (jorj buSi) mZvinvarebda. Semdeg kviras, erovnuli usafrTxoebis sabWos Sexvedraze, mokavSireTa mxares aRmovCndi da vfiqrobdi, rom sakiTxis gadasawyvetad sakuTari gansxvavebuli poziciis miuxedavad, meti unda wasuliyo daTmobaze. prezidentma putins daureka, romelmac mas igive uTxra, rac me lavrovma: `CvenTvis misaRebi iqneba is SemoTavazebebi, razec serbebi iqnebian Tanaxma~. es, ra Tqma unda, sakiTxs arafriT exmareboda. G8-s samitze,

kosovos problema, saqarTveloSi situaciis gamwvavebasTan erTad, gafermkrTalda. wina wlis ganmavlobaSi afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis isedac arastabilur regionebSi situacia mwvavdeboda, es, umeteswilad, moskovis gamo xdeboda.

lebi da sxva evropelebis umravlesoba am gegmas mxars uWerda. Tumca, gegmas mZafrad ewinaaRmdegeboda ruseTi, romelic misi mokavSiris, serbeTis pozicias icavda. evropelebma da Cven ver SevZeliT ruseTTan am sakiTxze SeTanxmebis miRweva, amitom gadavwyviteT, rom arCevani ar gvqonda da mxari unda dagveWira kosovos damoukideblobisTvis. aman procesebis arev-dareva gamoiwvia. SeuZlebeli iyo usafrTxoebis sabWoSi xma migveca damoukidebeli kosovosTvis; ruseTi da, eWvgareSe iyo, CineTic vetos uflebas gamoiyenebdnen, radgan pekins, Tavis mxriv, taivanisa da tibetisTvis precedentis Seqmnis eSinoda. erTaderTi arCevani iyo problemis Zaladobis gareSe mogvareba da rac SeiZleba meti qveynis darwmuneba _ kosovos damoukideblobisTvis mxari daeWiraT. Cveni mizani aliansis ruseTis

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gori, 9 agvisto 2008

heilingendamSi, germaniaSi, nikola sarkozim sakiTxis gadawyvetis gadadeba kidev 120 dRiT SemogvTavaza, ra periodSic molaparakebebi gagrZeldeboda da Tu sakiTxi sabolood ar gadawydeboda, ahtisaaris gegma unda mogveyvana sisruleSi. samitis Semdeg, 9 ivniss, prezidentma (jorj buSma) romis preskonferenciaze kosovos damoukideblobas mxari dauWira. momdevno dRes albaneTSi kosovos damoukideblobis da ahtisaaris gegmis mxardaWera man xelmeored daafiqsira. `kidev erTi Tve~ _ miTxra prezidetma~ _ da amis gakeTeba martoc rom mogvixdes, Cven vaRiarebT maT damoukideblobas. me maT Sevpirdi da es dapireba sisruleSi unda moviyvanoT~. Tumca, sabolood, prezidenti molaparakebis gagrZelebis Taobaze sarkozis SemoTavazebas daTanxmda, im pirobiT, rom es sakiTxis saboloo gadadeba iqnebo-

da. 2008 wlis 18 Tebervals, Cven da evropis bevrma saxelmwifom kosovo oficialurad vaRiareT. wlis dasasrulisTvis sul 53-ma saxelmwifom aRiara kosovos damoukidebloba _ umetesoba evropulma qveyanam, amerikis SeerTebulma Statebma, kanadam, avstraliam, ramdenime qveyanam afrikaSi, laTinur amerikasa da Sua aRmosavleTSi. tadiCi gadarCa, radgan amerikis SeerTebulma Statebma gadawyvita, rom belgrads natoSi adgili hqonoda. serbebs natos wevrobaze uari eTqvaT, radgan maT ver SeZles gadmoecaT balkaneTis omis kriminalebi, ratko mladoviCi da radovan karadiCi. vgrZnobdi, rom amas ar unda davlodebodiT, serbeTs sWirdeboda raime xelmosaWidi, rom daenaxaT _ integracia evropasa da natoSi realuri iyo, sxvagvarad kosovos Wrilobas Sexorceba gauWirdeboda. dRes kosovo

damoukidebelia (Tumca moskovi amas ar aRiarebs) da serbeTi, miuxedavad dabrkolebebisa, evropuli integraciisken midis. im dRes, roca kosovo vaRiareT, braian gundersonma mkiTxa, komfortulad Tu vgrZnobdi Tavs imis gamo, rom kidev erTi susti saxelmwifo SevqmeniT, romelmac, SesaZloa, damoukideblobas Tavi ver gaarTvas. `sxva ra arCevani gvqonda?~ _ vkiTxe me da davZine: `dro gava da kosovo problemebs Tavs gaarTmevs, Cven es unda gagvekeTebina~. kosovos problema, saqarTveloSi situaciis gamwvavebasTan erTad, gafermkrTalda. wina wlis ganmavlobaSi afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis isedac arastabilur regionebSi situacia mwvavdeboda, es, umeteswilad, moskovis gamo xdeboda. 2008 wlis gazafxulze yovel kvira iqmneboda axali provokaciebi samxreT oseTSi, rasac regionSi rusuli

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foto denis siniakovi / REUTERS

qvedanayofebis ricxobrivi zrda (TiTqosda sarkinigzo magistralis mSeneblobasTan dakavSirebiT) da saqarTvelos kuTvnil teritoriaze mcxovrebi mosaxleobisTvis rusuli pasportis darigebis gegma iwvevda. lavrovma saakaSvilisa da qarTvelebis mimarT sayvedurebis grZeli werili momwera, maTi nawili legitimuri iyo, nawili ki, ararealuri. amis miuxedavad, es gamafrTxilebeli

niSani iyo. am naperwkaliT regionSi konfliqtis gamowveva drois sakiTxi iyo. 23 ivniss germaniaSi vizitis dros, sadac palestinis saxelmwifoebriobis Temaze gamarTul preskonferenciaSi vmonawileobdi, frenk volter Stainmaierma da me, uaresobisken mimavali situaciis sapasuxod, samfaziani diplomatiuri gegma SevimuSaveT. gegmis pirveli faza yvelafris gakeTeba iyo imisaTvis, rom

romelime mxares Zala ar gamoeyenebina (es moskovis erT-erTi moTxovna iyo qarTvelebis mimarT); meore faza moicavda devnilebis dabrunebas da situaciis daregulirebisTvis praqtikul TanamSromlobas, xolo mesame faza afxazeTis politikuri statusis saboloo gadawyveta unda yofiliyo. amis Semdeg, frenki Tbiliss, afxazeTsa da moskovs ewvia. Cvens diplomatebs ramdenime dReSi

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uTxra, rom mcire progresi miRweuli iyo. ramdenime kviraSi gzad CexeTisken, sadac saraketo Tavdacvis SeTanxmebaze xeli unda momewera, ris Cagdebasac ruseTi cdilobda, TbilisSi Cavedi. presam am ori movlenis dakavSireba scada _ iyo Tu ara viziti ruseTis gaRizianebisken mimarTuli? _ ar iyo, Tumca darwmunebuli var, kremlma es swored ase aRiqva. saakaSvili restoran `kopalas~ terasaze Semxvda, romlidanac qalaqis ulamazesi xedebi iSleboda. is im aRdgeniT samuSaoebze mesaubra, romlebic monastrebs, eklesiebsa da sxva istoriul Zeglebs utardeboda. saakaSvili misi liderobis SedegiT Zalian amayobs _ policiis reformiT, aTasobiT korumpirebuli Cinovnikis samsaxuridan gaSvebiT, departamentebis sruli rebrendingiT. saqarTveloSi korufciis donem sagrZnoblad daiklo (korufciis procentuli indeqsis mixedviT). qveyana aseve cdilobda Tavi daecva ruseTis zewolisgan, amas rusuli gazis nacvlad azerbaijanidan momavali gazis gamoyenebiT Seecada. qarTul saqonelze moskovis embargos miuxedavad, qveynis ekonomika zrdas ganagrZobda, Tumca mosaxleobis didi segmenti kvlavac eqstremaluri siRaribis zRvarze cxovrobda. rTuli iyo saakaSvilisTvis dagvenaxebina, rom yvela es miRweva afxazeTsa da samxreT oseTSi ganviTarebuli movlenebis gamo riskis qveS idga. is amayi da impulsuria, yvela vRelavdiT, rom saakaSvili moskovs saqarTvelos mxridan samxedro Zalis gamoyenebis provocirebis saSualebas miscemda. amas garda, ukve mis saxelTan iyo dakavSirebuli qveynis sxva gancalkevebul nawilSi, aWaraSi, konfliqtis gaRviveba. Tumca, amas maSin Sida da gare zewolebiT aWaris qveyanaSi reintegracia mohyva. vSiSobdiT, rom es precedenti, SesaZloa, misTvis msgavsi qmedebebis ganxorcielebis stimulatori gamxdariyo putinis sayvarel soWTan axlos mdebare teritoriis mimarTac. `batono prezidento~, mivmarTe da vecade misi yuradReba qalaqis `saxuravis turidan~ sxva Temaze gadametana, `Tqven xeli unda moaweroT Zalis gamouyeneblobis pirobas~, `amas rogor gavakeTeb, maSin roca putini akeTebs imas, rasac akeTebs?~ _ mipasuxa man da ganmarta, rom xels mxolod im SemTxvevaSi moawerda am SeTanxmebas, Tu rusebi mas sanacvlod rames SesTavazebdnen. `davelaparakebi rusebs, magram Tqven arCevani ar gaqvT,~ _ vuTxari me. `Tqven ver gamoiyenebT Zalas da imis Zaxili, rom amas gaakeTebT, kargs aravis arafers moutans. moawereT pirobas xeli manam, sanam gaqvT saerTaSoriso mxardaWera,~ _ aseT saubarSi saaTze meti gavatareT. saakaSvili jiutad uars ambobda. sabolood, me gadavwyvite, rom pirdapir Tqma sjobda: `batono prezidento, rac ar unda gaakeToT, ar misceT saSualeba rusebs, Tqveni provocireba moaxerxon. Tqven gaxsovT, ra Tqva prezidentma buSma _ moskovi Seecdeba, Tqven rame sisulele gagakeTebinoT. ar CarToT saqmeSi ruseTis samxedro Zalebi, icodeT, aravin mova Tqvens dasaxmareblad da Tqven waagebT,~ _ vTqvi me mkacrad. amjerad man gaigo, rasac vambobdi da ise Semomxeda, TiTqos man es-esaa ukanaskneli megobari dakarga. Sevecade Cemi tonis Serbilebas da vuTxari, rom am pirobaze xeli saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobis dasacavad ewereboda, oRond sityvebiT. man mkiTxa, igives sajarod Tu vityodi. me es gavakeTe, ise, rom ar gamomeyenebina sityvebi, romelTa araswori interpretireba moxdeboda da Cveni mxridan saqarTvelos mier Zalis gamoyenebis mxardaWerad aRiqmeboda. ivlisis dasasruli damqancveli iyo. evropaSi, Sua aRmosavleTSi, singapurSi, avstraliaSi, axal zelandiasa da samoaSi orkviriani vizitebi mqonda. sakuTar Tavs vuTxari _ rva agvistomde Tu mivaRwie,

sofeli qvemo aCabeTi, agvisto 2008

ivlisis dasasruli damqancveli iyo. sakuTar Tavs vuTxari _ rva agvistomde Tu mivaRwie, golfs viTamaSeb da megobrebs movinaxuleb grinbrierSi-meTqi.

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golfs viTamaSeb da megobrebs movinaxuleb grinbrierSi, Semdeg, or kviraSi, pekinSi Caval olimpiadis dasasrulisTvis. oRond mivaRwio rva agvistomde! agvistos pirvel dReebSi samxreT oseTSi Zaladobebi fiqsirdeboda. Tumca, diplomatiuri aqtivobebi grZeldeboda da evropul-rusuli Sexvedrebis Semdeg, sakmaod damaimedebeli suraTi gamoikveTa. mxneoba cota wamerTva, radgan den fridma da kurt volkerma eqvsi agvistos saRamos Semoiares da miTxres meTiu braizas mier mowodebuli axali ambavi saqarTvelodan brZolebis gaZlierebis Sesaxeb. SevSfoTdi, roca gavige, rom ruseTma teritoriidan rvaasze meti adamiani gaiyvana. Svidi agvistos RamiT Zalis gamoyenebis Sekaveba Sewyda. miuxedavad saqarTvelos mxridan cecxlis calmxrivi Sewyvetisa, imave dRes, cota xniT adre, samxreT oseTeli ajanyebuli Zalebi agrZelebdnen cxinvalis garSemo arsebul qarTul soflebze saartilerio dartymebs. pasuxad qarTulma samxedro Zalebma mZime artileriis gamoyenebiT pirdapiri samxedro ieriSi miitanes ajanyebulebis winaaRmdeg, mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelos samxedro Cinosanma ganacxada, rom Tbilisma gadawyvita samxreT oseTSi `konstituciuri wesrigi~ aRedgina. saqarTvelos mxridan Setevis dawyebidan ocdaaT wuTSi, ruseTma mxari auba os ajanyebulebs da 58 satanko brigada rokis gvirabis gavliT saqarTvelosken daZra. den fridi arsebuli situaciis Sesaxeb mTeli Rame mawvdida informacias. rva agvistos diliT aRelvebuli vcdilobdi gamerkvia, wavsuliyavi Tu ara grinbrierisken. Cemi ojaxi da megobrebi ukve Sekrebiliyvnen da me melodebodnen, rom samxreT virjiniaSi gavmgzavrebuliyaviT _ isini manqaniT swored me unda wameyvana. yvela idga misaReb oTaxSi da Cems molodinSi sendviCebs miirTmevda, maSin, roca me problemaSi garkvevas vcdilobdi. cota xanSi gadavwyvite grinbrierSi wavsuliyavi, radgan dabrunebas yovelTvis SevZlebdi. an SemeZlo davrCeniliyavi Cems kabinetSi telefoniT. prezidenti olimpiur TamaSebs eswreboda CineTSi, bob geitsi ki, miunxenSi iyo. droSi gansxvaveba CineTTan xSirad saubris saSualebas ar gvaZlevda, Tumca dReSi orjer mainc vesaubrebodi prezidents. mas olimpiuri TamaSebis gaxsnis ceremoniaze vladimir putinis gverdiT jdoma mouwia da masTan sakmaod uxeSi saubari hqonia, romelSic rusebmovuwodebdi `Seewyvita saqarTveloze sahaero da saraketo Tavdasxma, pativi eca saqarTvelos teritoriuli mTlianobisaTvis da saqarTvelodan sakuTari saxmeleTo samxedro Zalebi gaewvia~. 11 agvistosTvis qarTvelebma ganacxades, rom samxreT oseTidan sakuTari Zalebi gaiyvanes. simarTle rom vTqva, teritoriuli siSore raimes gadaWriT Tqmas arTulebda. Tan miRebuli informacia ar iyo sruli. vagrZelebdiT qarTul mxareze zewolas, rom samxedro qmedebebi SeewyvitaT, raTa moskovs Zaladobis gagrZelebis raime mizezi aRar hqonoda. im SuadRes sergei lavrovma damireka _ ukve meored krizisis ganmavlobaSi. pirveli zari Tbilisis liderebis misamarTiT braldebebis Semcveli iyo. amjerad is sakmaod mSvidi iyo. `Cven gvaqvs sami moTxovna~ Tqva man. `ra moTxovnebia?~- vkiTxe. `pirveli oria saqarTvelos mier Zalis gamouyeneblobaze xelis mowera da jarebis nawilebSi dabrunebaa,~ _ Tqva man. `es Sesruldeba~ _ vupasuxe. saakaSvils daTmobaze wasvla mouwevda, rusebis moTxovnis Sesrulebas misgan mkacrad moviTxovdiT. Semdeg ki, sergeim Tqva, `sxva moTxovnis Sinaarsi mxolod Cven Soris unda darCes. miSa saakaSvili unda wavides!~ _ yurebs ar vujerebdi da instinqturad ufro vupasuxe, vidre gaazrebulad _ `sergei, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo mdivans ar SeuZlia saubari ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrTan demokratiulad arCeuli qveynis lideris Camogdebis Sesaxeb~, _ vTqvi me. `mesame piroba am wuTidan sajaroa, radgan vapireb davureko yvelas da vuTxra, rom ruseTi saqarTvelos prezidentis Camogdebas iTxovs.~ `vTqvi, rom es mxolod Cvens Soris unda darCes~, _ gaimeora man. `ara, es ar darCeba Cvens Soris. amas yvela gaigebs,~ _ saubari dasrulda. davureke stiv hedlis, rom misTvis ruseTis moTxovnebis Sesaxeb meTqva. Semdeg, amave mizniT davureke britanelebs, frangebs da ramdenime sxva

`batono prezidento, rac ar unda gaakeToT, ar misceT saSualeba rusebs, Tqveni provocireba moaxerxon. Tqven gaxsovT, ra Tqva prezidentma buSma _ moskovi Seecdeba, Tqven rame sisulele gagakeTebinoT. ar CarToT saqmeSi ruseTis samxedro Zalebi, icodeT, aravin mova Tqvens dasaxmareblad da Tqven waagebT~.
ma qarTvelebi genocidSi da rusuli jarebis ignorirebaSi daadanaSaules. gadavwyviteT, rom ar gvsurda am konfliqtis ruseT-amerikis konfliqtad qceva da rom evrokavSiri da euTo aqtiurad unda CarTuliyo diplomatiaSi. me gamudmebiT vesaubrebodi safrangeTis sagareo saqmeTa ministr, bernar kuSners da fineTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrs, euTos Tavmjdomares, aleqsander stabs, rom orivesTvis erTi ram gamegebinebina. gancxadeba davwere, sadac ruseTs

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adamians. im SuadRes gaeros uSiSroebis sabWo ikribeboda. Cvens warmomadgenels vTxove, rom amis Sesaxeb sabWosTvis miewodebina informacia. lavrovi mZvinvarebda, da ambobda, rom arasdros hyolia kolega, romelic pirad saubars sajaros gaxdida. vgrZnobdi, rom arCevani ar mqonda. Tu qarTvelebs moundebodaT saakaSvilis dasja omis gamo, maT amis Sansi eqnebodaT sakuTari konstituciuri procesebidan gamomdinare, magram ruseTs ar hqonda ufleba, misi moxsna moeTxova. am yvelafers sabWoTa drois suni asdioda, roca aRmosavleT evropaSi liderebis beds moskovi wyvetda. me ver Sevuwyobdi xels im droSi dabrunebas. meore dilas Sevwyvite Svebulebaze yovelgvari fiqri da vaSingtonSi davbrundi. prezidenti dabrunda pekinidan da stivma (stiv hedli) moaxerxa erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos Sekreba. Sexvedra cota qaoturi iyo, rusebs bevri akritikebda. raRac momentSi stiv hedli Caeria, rasac iSviaTad akeTebda. saubrobdnen im safrTxeebze, romelic SesaZloa amerikis SeerTebul Statebs damuqreboda. `SekiTxva maqvs~, _ Tqva man Cveuli simSvidiT. `varT ki Cven mzad saqarTvelos gamo ruseTTan omSi CavebaT?~ SekiTxvam oTaxSi siCume Camoagdo da Cven SedarebiT produqtiuli saubari daviwyeT imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra SegveZlo gagvekeTebina. Cveni informaciis wyaroebi arc ise kargi iyo. cnobebi dapanikebuli qarTveli politikuri da samxedro oficiozis informaciis gafiltruli varianti iyo. admiralma, samxedro Zalebis mTavarsardalma, maik mulenma ruseTis samxedro xelmZRvanelobasTan kavSiri gamonaxa imisTvis, rom Cvens Zalebs Soris raime gaugebroba ar yofiliyo. es ruseTis majiscemis gasagebad sasargeblo arxi iyo. safrangeTis prezidentma, sarkozim mxareebs Soris cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis miRweva moaxerxa, Tumca rusuli Zalebi amas TiTqos ar imCnevdnen. situacias damabnevels xdida is garemoeba, rom prezident medvedevis TqmiT, misma Zalebma datoves teritoria, maSin, roca faqtobrivad es ar momxdara. ar Canda, rom ruseTis axali prezidenti situaciaze kontrols flobda da esec problemuri iyo. maSin roca Cven `situaciebis oTaxSi~ visxediT, Tbilisidan SemaSfoTebeli informacia movida _ rusuli jari Tbilisisken midioda, qarTuli jari ki, goridan ganidevna, patara qalaqidan, romelic dedaqalaqidan mxolod ormoci milis daSorebiTaa. saakaSvili gamudmebiT rekavda TeTr saxlSi da ambobda, rom mis mTavrobas wuTi-wuTze daamxoben. meore sasowarkveTili zaris Semdeg, Cven gadavwyviteT, rom Cvens megobrebs xelSesaxebi daxmareba sWirdebodaT. humanitaruli tvirTi samxedro transportiT gavagzavneT _ es mxardaWeris erTgvari xiluli niSani iyo, rasac moskovis SeCereba SeeZlo. Cven aseve gadavwyviteT, rom me unda gavmgzavrebuliyavi TbilisSi. imis gamo, rom diplomatiur procesebs axla frangebi xelmZRvanelobdnen, prezidentma (jorj buSma) sarkozis daureka da Cemi parizSi Casvla SesTavaza. safrangeTis prezidenti qveynis samxreTSi iyo da ar surda ukan dedaqalaqSi gamgzavreba. ase rom, 14 agvistos Cven SevxvdiT saprezidento agarakis didebul verandaze, bormes-les-mimosazSi, xmelTaSuazRvispireTSi. sarkozis vkiTxe, riT SemeZlo davxmarebodi. man amixsna, rom sWirdeboda qarTvelebis xelmowera dokumentze, romlis SeTanxmebasac is mxareebTan cdilobda, magram miTxra, rom saakaSvili Tavs ikavebda. gamikvirda, radgan saakaSvilma prezident buSs uTxra, rom mas ubralod surda omi dasrulebuliyo. Semdeg me dokuments davxede da problema maSinve davinaxe. frangebis molaparakebaSi `15 kilometriani usafrTxoebis zona~ figurirebda, romelSic rusul samxedro Zalebs gaurkveveli periodiT darCenis ufleba eqnebodaT. saqarTvelo arc ise didia, da es perimetri saSualebas aZlevda SemoWril Zalebs daekavebinaT qveynis sakvanZo gzebi da qalaqi gori, romelic mxolod samocdaoTx kilometrSi iyo Tbilisidan. vikiTxe, daxeda Tu ara romelimem rukas, rom enaxaT, ra teritorias faravda es TxuTmetkilometriani perimetri. Cveni delegaciis gasaocrad, maT es nanaxi ar hqondaT. Jan devid levitma, romelic saSineli diplomati da sarkozis mrCeveli iyo sagareo politikaSi, protesti gamoTqva da ganacxada, rom msgavsi ram SeuZlebeli iyo. `me davurekav Cvens elCs TbilisSi da vkiTxav geografiul suraTs~, _ Tqva man. nawyeni leviti dabrunda da Tqva, rom TxuTmetkilometriani perimetri zustad im nawils faravda, rac Cven vaxseneT. axla sakuTari Secdomisgan franguli diplomatiis gadarCenis da omis dasrulebis sakiTxi dadga. SevTanxmdiT, rom sarkozi dawerda werils rogorc saakaSvilis, ise medvedevis saxelze, romelic amjerad ufro konkretulad axsnida, ras niSnavda es zona da ramden xans eqnebodaT rusul samxedroebs iq darCenis ufleba. aseve gadavwyviteT, rom am werils TbilisSi me waviRebdi da miviRebdi maT Tanxmobas. saboloo Tanxmobis misaRebad Cven soWSi ruseTis prezidentTan kancler angela merkelis SexvedriT visargebleT. TbilisSi rom Cavedi, qarTveli liderebis saxeebze stresis danaxva advili iyo. isini iseTi axalgazrdebi iyvnen. yvelaze metad maT Soris ormoci wlisebi iyvnen daRlilebi, ramdenime dRis uZiloebi. Cven saakaSvilis ofisSi SevxvdiT. Sexvedras fonad televizoris xmauri gasdevda. werili rom gadaveci, ikiTxa misi gadaxedvis saSualeba Tu hqondaT. `ramdeni droc gWirdebaT, imdeni gaqvT,~ _ vTqvi me. Svebis maniSnebeli xmamaRali amosunTqva gavigone `frangebma ubralod mogvces furceli da

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Tqves, xeli moawereT,~ _ Tqva sagareo saqmeTa ministrma, eka tyeSelaSvilma. miuxedavad imisa, rom daveWvdi, namdvilad ase iyo Tu ara es, mainc mindoda maTTvis zewola Sememsubuqebina. `erTad gavivliT dokuments, magram mainc anaxeT Tqvens iuristebs, rom yuradRebiT Seiswavlon~. sabolood, SeTanxmebas mivaRwieT. den freds vTxove, rom daereka Jan devid levitisTvis da gaerkvia, ra xdeboda moskovSi. es orni satelefono xazze iyvnen, me ki, prezident saakaSvils da mis ufros mrCevlebs vesaubrebodi. intensiuri muSaobis Semdeg, SeTanxmeba xelmowerili iyo. Tumca, mxareebis mier SeTanxmebis sisruleSi mosayvanad ramdenime dRe iqneboda saWiro. rusulma mxarem samxedro Zalebi konfliqtamde arsebul mdgomareobaSi ar daabruna. maSinac ki, roca ori kviris Semdeg, Cven SeTanxmebis miRwevis Sesaxeb gamovacxadeT, moskovma samxreT oseTis da afxazeTis damoukidebloba aRiara, riTac kidev ufro gaamwvava urTierToba ruseTsa da saqarTvelos Soris. saakaSvili da me oTaxidan presasTan Sesaxvedrad gavediT. TbilisSi autaneli sicxe iyo[] vnerviulobdi kaprizuli, emociuri da gadaRlili saqarTvelos prezidentis gamo, vnerviulobdi aseT mdgomareobaSi ras ityoda. `batono prezidento, ubralod madloba gadauxadeT evropelebs da amerikelebs gverdSi dgomisTvis, omis dasrulebis gamo gaamxnevT xalxi, rusebze komentarebi me momandeT,~ _ vuTxari me. preskonferencia mSvidad daiwyo, magram misi saubris dros, vxedavdi, rogor matulobda qarTvelebSi mRelvareba. man (saakaSvilma) wyvetili saubris maneriT ganagrZo, TiTqos fiqrobda Semdeg ra eTqva. saakaSvili inglisurad SesaniSnavad saubrobs, amitom me vicodi, rom es ar iyo mizezi. uecrad misi saubris toni agresiuli gaxda. man rusebs barbarosebi uwoda da ganacxada, rom maTi tankebi gaCerebas ar apirebdnen. kargi, vifiqre, velodi mwvave tons rusebis misamarTiT, yvelaferi jerjerobiT normalurad iyo. magram uceb is evropelebs miadga, axsena miunxeni da siCume. oRond es ara! ras akeTebs? mas Semdeg, rac is morCa ocwuTian triadas, Sevecade misi gafuWebuli gamomesworebina. ganvmarte, rogor, iyvnen frangebi niWeba. Sevecade, rom ruseTis mxridan SeTanxmebebis darRvevaze momexdina fokusireba. marTlac nato-ruseTis urTierToba gaurkveveli droiT SeCerda ruseTis saqarTveloSi SeWris gamo. aliansma saqarTvelos mxardamWeri gankarguleba gamosca, romelic ruseTs saqarTvelos teritoriidan sakuTari samxedro Zalebis gayvanisken mouwodebda. rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, natom gaimeora Tavisi ganzraxva, `rom mxari daeWira saqarTvelos teritoriuli integraciis, damoukideblobisa da suverenulobisaTvis, misi demokratiulad arCeuli xelisuflebisTvis da uari eTqva ruseTis strategiuli mcdelobebisTvis ziani mieyenebina am demokratiisTvis.~ Semdeg dRes poloneTSi wavedi, raTa xeli momewera saraketo Tavdacvis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebisaTvis. es ar iyo ruseTisTvis raimeze miniSneba, droSi damTxvevaze iyo saubari. Tumca, es miniSnebad aRiqves, nawilobriv, polonelebis gamoc. ruseT-saqarTvelos konfliqts uzarmazari gavlena hqonda poloneTze _ poloneTis sazogadoeba SeSfoTebuli iyo da wuxda ruseTis agresiis gamo, imis gamo, Tu ra daemarTa saqarTvelos. ase rom, roca am SeTanxmebas xels vawerdiT, poloneTis sazogadoeba amas ruseTis agresiis winaaRmdeg SeTanxmebad aRiqvamda. moskovs saqarTveloSi SeWra Zviri daujda. kremlma gadaameta. bevri saakaSvilze iyo gabrazebuli, mas evropaSi konfliqtis inicirebaSi sdebdnen brals. magram lavrovis gancxadeba saakaSvilis wasvlis Taobaze yvelafers faravda. moskovs kvlavac SeeZlo mis patara mezobelTan SeWra da misi jaris ise damarcxeba, rogorc es wlebis win gaakeTa. magram mas aRar SeeZlo dedaqalaqSi Sesvla da mTavrobis Camogdeba. ruseTis ekonomikis integracia saerTaSoriso sistemaSi, aseve aRmoCnda Semaferxebeli faqtori. rusuli safondo bazari daundoblad daisaja im arastabilurobisTvis, romelic

frangebis molaparakebaSi `15 kilometriani usafrTxoebis zona~ figurirebda. es perimetri rusebs saSualebas aZlevda daekavebinaT qveynis sakvanZo gzebi da qalaqi gori. vikiTxe, daxeda Tu ara romelimem rukas. Cveni delegaciis gasaocrad, maT es nanaxi ar hqondaT.
CarTulni cecxlis Sewyvetis saqmeSi da rogor arwmunebdnen rusebs, Seewyvita samxedro agresia. droa aqaurobas gavecalo, gadavwyvite. preskonferencia dasrulda. saakaSvilze imdenad ganrisxebuli viyavi, saubaric ki ar SemeZlo. xeli CamovarTvi da ekasTan, sagareo saqmeTa ministrTan erTad, manqanaSi Cavjeqi, rom saavadmyofoSi omSi dazaralebulebi momenaxulebina. `zedmeti mosdis~ _ vuTxari ekas. ekam moagvara aeroportSi gafrenis win bolo presgancxadebis samzadisi, sadac Cemi wasvlis win, orive Cvenganma evropelebs madloba gadavuxadeT. SeTanxmebis xelmoweridan ramdenime dReSi, natos sagareo saqmeTa ministrTa Sexvedra gavmarTeT briuselSi. aRmovaCine, rom mxareebi sakmaod keTilganwyobilni iyvnen saakaSvilis mimarT, magram ramdenimem ganmarta, ratom ar iyo kargi idea saqarTvelosTvis mapis mi-

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liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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cxinvali, 10 agvisto 2008

kremlma gamoiwvia _ bazars vaWrobis SeCereba ori dRiT mouxda. erT TveSi, UNGA-s Sexvedraze, omis Semdeg pirvelad SevxvdiT me da lavrovi erTmaneTs. `sergei~, _ vuTxari mas pirad saubarSi, _ `Sen gaakeTe is, rac me verasdros SevZeli. Sen gaxade miSa saakaSvili saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis favoriti. axla qarTvelebs rekonstruqciisTvis imaze meti fuli aqvT, [erTi miliardi dolari], vidre maT amis daxarjva SeuZliaT. Tqveni jarebi ki, gaWedilebi arian samxreT oseTSi _ nikaraguisa da hamasis diplomatiuri mxardaWeris amara.~ presa Cvenze werda, ainteresebdaT, gadarCa Tu ara Cveni urTierToba saqarTvelos movlenebis Semdeg. Sexvedraze SevTanxmdiT, rom mxars davuWerdiT rezolucias iranTan dakavSirebiT, rac wina rezoluciis kidev erTxel mxardaWeraSi mdgomareobda. es imitom gavakeTeT

iranisTvis imis saCveneblad, rom saqarTveloSi omma TeiranTan mimarTebaSi Cveni mcdeloba ar migvatovebina. Tumca, iseTi urTierToba, rogoric adre gvqonda, aRarasodes gvqonia. Cven ubralod darCenili vadis periodSi erTad muSaoba SevZeliT. amis miuxedavad, darwmunebuli var, rom lavrovi mouTmenlad eloda axali ofisis dakompleqtebas vaSingtonSi. sloveniaSi pirveli Sexvedris Semdeg, es ruseT-amerikis urTierTobebis sevdiani dasasruli iyo. seqtemberSi, vaSingtonSi germaniis marSalis fondSi, sityviT gamovedi, rom es yvelaferi sazogadoebisaTvis perspeqtivaSi damenaxebina. arsebiTad, me msoflios Sevaxsene is gadadgmuli nabijebi, rac moskovTan daaxloebis mizniT gadaidga da aseve Sevaxsene saerTo TanamSromlobiT miRweuli Sedegebi. magram problema, Sevaxsene auditorias, aris ruseTis

uunaroba, TvalebSi Caxedos civi omis Semdgom wesrigs msoflioSi. urTierToba iranis, CrdiloeT koreis da SeiaraRebis kontrolis Temebis garSemo ar Cavardnila. Cven mivaRwieT TanamSromlobas Sua aRmosavleTis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da SesaniSnavad vimuSaveT terorizmis da birTvuli SeiaraRebis winaaRmdeg brZolis TvalsazrisiT. moskovs sjeroda, rom mas jer kidev hqonda gansakuTrebuli privilegiebi yofili sabWoTa kavSiris teritoriaze. Cven ki gvjeroda, rom axal damoukidebel saxelmwifoebs hqondaT ufleba, aerCiaT sakuTari megobrebi da partniorebi. es, rogorc aRmoCnda, iyo SeuTavsebeli gansxvaveba Cvens midgomebSi.

inglisuridan Targmna daviT Caganavam.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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foto denis siniakovi / REUTERS

ekonomika

10 punqtiT modernizaciisa da dasaqmebisken

saqarTvelos mTavrobis strategiuli ganviTarebis aTpunqtiani gegmis mTavari mizani umuSevrobis aRmofxvra da qveynis modernizaciaa. Tumca, gegma, romelic 2011-2015 wlebzea gaTvlili, am miznis miRwevis gzebsa da meTodebze arafers ambobs.
manana vardiaSvili

saqarTvelos mTavrobis socialur-ekonomikuri politikis mizania, Seqmnas winapirobebi warmatebuli, mdidari da erTiani saqarTvelosaTvis, sadac yvela moqalaqe uzrunvelyofili iqneba Rirseuli sacxovrebeli garemoTi da eqneba saSualeba, gaxdes msoflio sazogadoebriobis warmatebuli da mdidari wevri. am miznebis miRwevas saqarTvelos mTavroba samuSao adgilebis SeqmniT da umuSevrobis SemcirebiT gegmavs, _ naTqvamia saqarTvelos mTavrobis oficialur vebgverdze gamoqveynebul dokumentSi. strategiuli ganviTarebis gegmaSi 10 punqtia gaerTianebuli: makroekonomikuri stabiluroba, mimdinare angariSis balansis gaumjobeseba, saukeTeso sainvesticio da biznesgaremos Seqmna/SenarCuneba, regionul savaWro da logistikur centrad Camoyalibeba, infrastruqturis gaumjobeseba, soflis meurneobis ganviTareba, ganaTlebis sistemis gaumjobeseba, socialuri politikis daxvewa, xelmisawvdomi, maRalxarisxiani jandacvis sistemis Camoyalibeba da urbanuli da regionuli ganviTareba. 10 punqtiani gegma 2011-2015 wlebis qveynis ekonomikur-socialuri politika da strategiaa. Zalian konkretuli gegma, Zalian konkretuli cifrebi, konkretuli miznebi, ras gvinda mivaRwioT sxvadasxva sferoSi imisaTvis, rom Seiqmnas samuSao adgi-

lebi. es aris Cveni mTavari amocana. am dokumentis mTavari mizani umuSevrobis Semcireba da samuSao adgilebis Seqmnaa, _ acxadebs premier-ministri nika gilauri. kargia, rom mTavrobam qveynis ganviTarebis strategiuli xedva Camoayaliba. Tumca, es xedva ufro survilebis nakrebia, _ ambobs finansTa yofili ministri nodar xaduri, _ gaxde msoflio sazogadoebriobis warmatebuli da mdidari wevri, Zalian kargi mizania. magram es gegma am miznis miRwevis gzebsa da meTodebs ar gvTavazobs.

lurs uwodebs. eWvis dasasabuTeblad is oficialur monacemebs imowmebs: statistikis erovnuli samsaxuris mier gamoqveynebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, saqarTveloSi xelfass mxolod 630 000 adamiani iRebs. 1 milioni adamiani TviTdasaqmebulia, meore erTma milionma ki dasaqmebis yovelgvari imedi dakarga da samuSaos ukve aRar eZebs.

ekonomikuri zrda
saqarTvelos mTavrobas surs, rom uaxloes wlebSi mTliani Sida produqtis minimaluri zrda msoflio ekonomikis saSualo zrdaze maRali iyos da oTxwlian periodSi orniSna ricxvs miaRwios. xelisuflebas imedi aqvs, rom maRali ekonomikuri zrda mraval investors daainteresebs, rac xels Seuwyobs qveyanaSi meti investiciis mozidvas da axali samuSao adgilebis Seqmnas. mSp-is aseTi zrdis Sedegad ki 2015 wlisTvis saqarTvelo gaxdeba msoflio bankis klasifikaciiT maRali saSualoSemosavliani qveyana, xolo mSp erT sulze 50006000 aSS dolars miaRwevs. qristian-demokratebis erT-erTi lideri, levan vefxvaZe 10-punqtian gegmaSi dasaxul miznebs arsebul realobas adarebs da maT cru dapirebebs uwodebs: ambobT, rom 2014 wlisTvis erTiani Sida produqti erT sul mosaxle-

samuSao adgilebi
saqarTvelos mTavroba 10-punqtiani gegmis meSveobiT aTobiT aTasi axali samuSao adgilis Seqmnas apirebs da am kuTxiT konkretul cifrebsac asaxelebs. premier-ministri acxadebs, rom infrastruqturuli proeqtebis meSveobiT yovelwliurad sagzao proeqtebze daaxloebiT 30 aTasi adamiani dasaqmdeba, wyalmomaragebis proeqtebze _ 20 aTasi, energetikuli proeqtebi ki uaxloesi periodis ganmavlobaSi 13-dan 15 aTasamde axal samuSao adgils Seqmnis. gilauri prognozs ukve ganxorcielebuli infrastruqturuli proeqtebis safuZvelze akeTebs. nodar xaduri aTobiT aTasi adamianis dasaqmebis perspeqtivas ararea-

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ze 5-6 aTasi dolari gaxdeba. dRes erT sul mosaxleze erTiani Sida produqti 2 700 dolaria. wels 6%iani ekonomikuri zrda gvaqvs. momaval welsac 6%-ian zrdas veliT. 2014 wlisTvis erT sul mosaxleze mSp rom gaormagdes, maSin momavali wlisTvis 18-20%-iani ekonomikuri zrda unda iyos da es maCvenebeli momdevno sami-oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi permanentulad gaizardos. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, mSp erT sul mosaxleze mxolod maSin gaizrdeba, Tu mosaxleobis raodenoba ganaxevrdeba. qveynaSi mxolod 750 milioni dolaris ucxouri investicia Semovida, rac 2008 welTan SedarebiT TiTqmis orjer naklebia (2008 wels saqarTveloSi 1 miliard 654 milioni dolaris pirdapiri ucxouri investicia Semovida). aTpunqtian gegmaSi ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli, rom win saarCevno wlebi gvelodeba da es wlebi investiciebiT gamorCeuli namdvilad ver iqneba, _ ambobs saqarTvelos strategiuli kvlevebis da ganviTarebis centris kvlevebisa da reformebis programis koordinatori SoTa murRulia. dasa da mrewvelobis ganviTarebas gegmavs. aTpunqtiani gegmis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo unda gaxdes regionis mTavari savaWro da logistikuri centri. amave dros, hidroeleqtrosadgurebis mier gamomuSavebuli eleqtroenergiiT unda dakmayofildes Sida bazarze arsebuli moTxovna da qveyana TurqeTSi, evropasa da axlo aRmosavleTSi eleqtroenergiis mniSvnelovani eqsportiori gaxdes. 2015 wlisTvis xorblis moTxovnis 50% adgilobrivma warmoebam unda daakmayofilos, 200 000 tona simindi ki eqsportze gavides. 50%-iT unda gaizardos Rvinis warmoebac. meRvineobis sferoSi soflis meurneobis strategiuli amocana eqsportis zrda, bazrebis diversificireba, qvevris Rvinis brendis Seqmna da Rvinis turizmis ganviTarebaa. mTavrobas

ucxouri investiciebis zrda

aTpunqtiani gegmis Tanaxmad, momdevno 4 wlis ganmavlobaSi 2009-2011 wlebTan SedarebiT 2-jer ufro meti pirdapiri ucxouri investicia unda Semovides. oficialuri monacemebiT, wels

eqsporti gaizrdeba - acxadebs mTavroba

makroekonomikuri stabilurobis SenarCuneba-ganviTarebasTan erTad, mTavroba 2015 wlisTvis saqarTvelos saeqsporto potencialis gazr-

FM 95.5

biznesis personaluri radio

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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ekonomika
surs, rom 2015 wlisTvis qveyana zamTris turizmis centrad gadaiqces da turistebis raodenobam 5 milions gadaaWarbos. aTpunqtiani gegmis erT-erTi mizani da prezidentis mTavari dapireba aris is, rom saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs hqondeT Rirseuli sibere da sapensio paketi iyos 100-dolaris ekvivalenti larebSi. fasi eqneba. masStaburi siaxleebi, eqspertTa azriT, arc ganaTlebis sferoSi ikveTeba. mTavrobis 10-punqtiani gegmis me-7 punqtis didi nawili survilebis da gakeTebuli saqmeebis ekleqturi nazavia. usafrTxo skolis nawilSi mxolod is weria, rasac aqamde miaRwies. am gegmaSi gazomvadi mizani mxolod erTia, kerZod, strategiul gegmaSi weria, rom amJamad 20 moswavleze erTi kompiuteri modis da undaT, rom 2015 wlisTvis 10 moswavleze erTi kompiuteri modiodes. ras unda mivaRwioT skolaSi kompiuterebis raodenobis gazrdiT, gegmaSi ganmartebuli ar aris. 10-punqtian gegmaSi ar Cans, saqarTvelos mTavroba konkretulad ris miRwevas apirebs ganaTlebis sferoSi momavali 4 wlis ganmavlobaSi. 10-punqtian gegmaSi aqcenti, ZiriTadad, makroekonomikur parametrebze da socialur-ekonomikur keTildReobazea gakeTebuli. strategiul gegmaSi pirovnebis realizaciaze saubari ar aris, sityva demokratia erTxelac araa naxsenebi. rCeba STabeWdileba, rom ganaTlebis sistemasTan dakavSirebuli punqti gegmaSi valis moxdis mizniT Seitanes. 10-punqtiani gegmis es nawili viRacis 15-wuTiani breinstormingis Sedegia, _ ambobs ilias saxelmwifo universitetis asistent-profesori simon janaSia. iq, sadac monopolisturi gaerTianebebi da karteluri garigebebi saxelmwifo doneze stimulirdeba, biznesis zrda SeuZlebelia. aseT dros samuSao adgilebis Seqmnasa da warmoebis moculobis zrdaze saubari zedmetia. xelisufleba saubrobs investiciebis zrdaze, magram arafers ambobs gadasaxadebis administrirebis liberalizaciaze. investorisTvis Zalian mniSvenelovania usafrTxo da prognozirebadi biznesgaremo. xelisufleba am mimarTulebiTac arafers akeTebs. axal sagadasaxado kodeqsSi, romelic 2011 wlis 1 ianvridan amoqmedda, ukve 6 cvlileba Sevida. rogorc Cans, xelisufleba arc ekonomikuri gadacdomebisTvis winaswari patimrobis gauqmebas apirebs. am yvelafris gareSe qveyanaSi biznesgaremo ar gajansaRdeba. Sesabamisad, ar Seiqmneba axali samuSao adgilebi da ver uzrunvelvyofT warmoebis zrdis im maCvenebels, rac 10-punqtian gegmaSi dasaxelebuli indikatoruli maCveneblebis miRwevis saSualeba da garanti unda iyos. am viTarebaSi Cven SevinarCunebT imave mdgomareobas, rac axla gvaqvs: ekonomikuri zrda iqneba 4-6%. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom faruli inflacia ekonomikur zrdaze gacilebiT metia, Cven erT adgilze vibuqsavebT da win ver wavalT, _ acxadebs kalandaZe.

Rirseuli sibere
SoTa murRulia ambobs, rom mTavrobis aTpunqtian gegmaSi axali da saintereso winadadebebis magivrad Zveli iniciativebi aRmoaCina: am gegmaSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier sxvadasxva dros wamoyenebuli iniciativebia Tavmoyrili. es ar aris realuri gegma. namdvil gegmaSi yvela sferos calke strategia unda hqondes da wlebis mixedviT detalurad unda iyos axsnili, ra da rogor unda gakeTdes da ra Sedegs unda mivaRwioT. aTpunqtian gegmaSi miznebis da finansuri indikatorebis miRwevis konkretuli gzebi da saSualebebi warmodgenili ar aris. Rirseuli sibere am gegmis erT-erTi mTavari socialuri parametria. Tumca, rogor vapirebT Rirseuli siberis miRwevas, ar Cans. gaugebaria aseve, pensias dolarebSi ratom vzomavT.

ganaTleba
strategiuli gegmis Tanaxmad, mTavrobis amocanaa, saqarTvelos mosaxleobas hqondes SesaZlebloba da infrastruqtura imisaTvis, rom miiRos ganaTleba msoflios saukeTeso standartebis Sesabamisad. gegmis mixedviT, 2011 wels ganaxlebuli maswavlebelTa sertificirebis procesi 2012 _ 2014 wlebSic gagrZeldeba. yvela sertificirebuli maswavlebeli 75-larian danamats miiRebs. yvela, vinc Caabarebs inglisuris da kompiuteris gamocdebs, miiRebs 125-larian danamats, xolo sertificirebuli maswavleblebis saukeTeso 25%-s 1000 lariani xel-

risk-faqtorebi biznesi?
axali memarjveneebis ekonomikuri mimarTulebis xelmZRvaneli levan kalandaZe mTavrobis 10-punqtiani gegmis ekonomikur nawils zedapirul dokuments uwodebs. kalandaZe ambobs, rom 10-punqtian gegmaSi xelisufleba arafers ambobs biznesis ganviTarebis Semaferxebeli iseTi faqtoris aRmofxvris Taobaze, rogoricaa monopolisturi mdgomareobis gauqmeba, agreTve, Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis waxaliseba. saqarTvelos mTavrobis strategiul aTpunqtian gegmaSi momavlis pesimisturi suraTic aris warmodgenili. gegmaSi miTiTebulia, rom msoflio ekonomikuri krizisis gaRrmavebis SemTxvevaSi SemuSavebulia saTadarigo scenari, romlis mixedviTac, qveynis ekonomika 2012-2014 wlebSi SesaZloa, 0-3%-iT gaizardos. qveynis modernizaciasa da dasaqmebaze orientirebul strategiul gegmaSi aseTi saTadarigo scenari warmodgenili ar aris.

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liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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vin akontrolebs qarTul wiaRiseul resursebs

liTonebis, maT Soris, oqros, mopovebis erT-erTi yvelaze ZviradRirebuli licenzia saqarTveloSi TiTqmis ori Tvis win auqcionis wesiT gaiyida. licenziaze interesi mxolod orma kompaniam gamoTqva.
cira gvasalia

2011 wlis 3 oqtombers, licenziis mosapoveblad bunebrivi resursebis saagentoSi gamarTul auqcionze mxolod ori kompania gamocxadda. Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufi~ da Sps `Anglo-Georgian Mining Company~ erTmaneTs daaxloebiT 40-50 wuTi epaeqrebodnen.

auqcionze fasebis awevis TiTo biji 500 aTasi lari iyo. sabolood, licenzia 93.5 milion larad gaiyida. licenziis axal mflobelze mxolod isaa cnobili, rom misi 100%iani damfuZnebeli ofSorul zonaSi daregistrirebuli kompaniaa.

oqros, spilenZis, baritis da polimetalebis sabadoebiT sargeblobis licenzia, saerTo farTobiT 187,823,53 heqtari bolnisis teritoriaze, auqcionamde TvenaxevriT adre, 30 agvistos daregistrirebulma kompaniam Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufma~ SeiZina.

liberali . dekemberi 2011 .

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foto garemos dacvis saministros fotoarqividan

biznesi
rogor gamoiTvales sawyisi fasi _ 30 milioni lari?
licenziis SeZeniT dainteresebulma mesame investorma, auqcionSi monawileobaze uari ganacxada. investori, romelsac konfidencialurad darCena surs, Tavdapirvelad licenziis sawyisi fasiT dainteresda. rogorc Tavad ambobs, man energetikisa da bunebrivi resursebis ministris moadgiles, nino enuqiZes jer kidev agvistoSi, anu maSin mimarTa, rodesac saministrom licenziis gayidvis Sesaxeb, is-is iyo, ganacxada. ~licenzia jer 120 milioni lari dagvifases, Semdeg 30 milionze Camovidnen~, _ ambobs britaneli investori, _ `Tumca, zustad ar vici, rogor gamoiTvales fasebi. maRali fasi Tavidan, albaT, imitom daasaxeles, rom auqcionamde sxva investorebis SeSineba surdaT~. ra principiT daTvala saministrom licenziis sawyis fasad 30 milioni lari? `Tqven Zalian rTul kiTxvas svamT~, _ ambobs nino enuqiZe `liberalTan~ saubarSi da licenziis fasis dadgenis formulas xsnis. misi TqmiT, daTvlis dros, formulaSi Semdeg ZiriTad cvladebs iTvaliswineben: mosakreblis odenobas, wiaRis moculobas da resursiT sargeblobis vadas. wiaRis Seswavla jer kidev dausrulebelia, anu ar aris cnobili, zustad ra odenobis wiaRiseulis Semcvelia sabadoebi. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, licenzia miekuTvneba e.w. P, anu prognozuli sabados kategorias. imis gamo, rom sabado dauZiebelia, enuqiZe ambobs, rom sabWoTa droidan SemorCenili monacemebiT isargebles. arsebobs licenziis sawyisi fasis gamoTvlis meore wesic: salicenzio sabados erTi heqtari mravldeba 500 larze. licenziis sawyisi fasi am SemTxvevaSi ar emTxveva realobas: 30 milioni lari _ sabados farTobis 500 larze namravls bevrad Camouvardeba. `sainteresoa, saidan movida es fasi~, _ interesdeba maTias huTeri, arasamTavrobo organizacia `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ ufrosi analitikosi, romelic licenziis gayidvis process akvirdeboda. `mrCeba STabeWdileba, rom es auqcioni imisaTvis ki ar gamarTula, rom saxelmwifos maqsimaluri mogeba mieRo, aramed imitom, rom winaswar arCeuli xalxi gaeyvana auqcionze.~ siis samTo jgufma~ iyida. am kompaniis 100%-iani mflobeli da damfuZnebeli kviprosSi daregistrirebuli kompania Pamtilon Holdings Limited-ia. kompaniis direqtori geologi jondo SubiTiZea. samewarmeo reestrSi kompaniis registraciis adgilad miTiTebulia yifSiZis quCa 6, bina 64. misamarTs vakis sacxovrebeli korpusis meore sarTulze avyavarT. kremisfrad SeRebil rkinis karze `burjanaZe-SubiTiZe~ aweria. bina amJamad gaqiravebulia, binis moijareebma araferi ician imis Sesaxeb, rom bina Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufis~ iuridiuli misamarTia. sajaro reestrisa da centraluri saarCevno komisiis bazebis saSualebiT mxolod ramdenime garemoeba dadginda: pirveli, aRniSnuli bina sakuTrebis uflebiT registrirebulia 1963 wlis 21 dekembers dabadebul moqalaqe nana burjanaZeze. savaraudod, igi Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufis~ direqtoris jondo SubiTiZis ojaxis wevria, radgan Tavad jondo SubiTiZec, centraluri saarCevno komisiis monacemebiT, amave binaSia Cawerili.

gayiduli licenziebis axali da Zveli mflobelebi

energetikisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministrom wiaRsargeblobis ori licenziis auqcionis Sesaxeb gancxadeba 2011 wlis 16 agvistos gazeT `saqarTvelos respublikaSi~ da garemos dacvis erovnuli saagentos vebgverdze gamoaqveyna. saministrom auqcionze saqarTvelos bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis ori _ N 0730 da N 00632 _ licenzia gaitana. orive maTgani saaqcio sazogadoeba `madneuls~ 2011 wlis martSi CamoerTva. am kompaniis marTvasTan mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli `nacionaluri moZraobis~ maJoritari deputatis koba nayofias saxeli. misi saxeli, agreTve, asocirebulia mxatvrul film `agvistos 5 dResTanac~. `madneulisaTvis~ licenziis CamorTmevis mizezad salicenzio pirobebis Seusrulebloba dasaxelda. energetikisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros gancxadebiT, licenziis mflobeli 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi ar atarebda saZiebo samuSaoebs, geologiur kvlevebs da ar daumtkicebia maragebi. saministro Tvlis, rom amis gamo `gaumarTleblad ziandeboda mniSvnelovani saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi interesebi~. saaqcio sazogadoeba `madneuli~ wiaRiseulis mosapovebeli ori licenziidan erT-erTs xelmeored daeufla. licenzia 26 seqtembers gamarTul auqcionze kompaniam 9 milion larad ise SeiZina, rom konkurenti ar hyolia. meore, didi licenzia Sps `kavka-

`kavkasiis samTo jgufma~ `icoda, ras yidulobda~

riskebi samTo mopovebiT bizness yovelTvis axlavs. amitom, sanam konkretul bazarze Sesvlas gadawyveten, kompaniebi `asjer gazome, erTxel gaWeris~ princips irCeven. axal bazarze Sesvlamde, biznesmenebi yuradRebiT akvirdebian qveynis biznesgaremos da kanonmdeblobas. kompaniis sameTvalyureo sabWo didi xnis manZilze bWobs, uRirs, Tu ara ama Tu im qveynis bazarze investiciis dabandeba. `kavkasiis samTo jgufma~ es gadawyvetileba mokle xanSi miiRo. maT mier SeZenili licenziis erT-erTi piroba ki, meore investoris azriT, riskiania. licenziis pirobebis me-8 punqtSi Cawerili pirobis Tanaxmad,

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ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi, investorma salicenzio terotoriaze arsebuli 6 sabado detalurad unda Seiswavlos da daadginos, konkretulad Tu ra odenobis wiaRiseulia mis salicenzio teritoriaze. Tu aRmoCndeba, rom teritoria ufro Zviria, vidre sawyis salicenzio fasSi iyo gaTvlili, investors sxvaobis dasafarad fulis meored gadaxda mouwevs. Tu sabados Rirebuleba naklebi aRmoCnda, fasSi gansxvavebas saxelmwifo ar ixdis. britanelma investorma, romelmac auqcionis mesame monawiled daregistrireba gadaifiqra, Tavisi gadawyvetilebis erT-erT motivad swored es, misi azriT, usamarTlo piroba daasaxela. `gadaxdis es meTodi aferxebs warmatebul samTo mopovebas da qveyanaSi axali finansuri nakadis Semodinebas~, _ ambobs igi. am erTi SexedviT arasaxarbielo pirobebs ar SeuSinebia Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufi~. kompaniam licenziis SesaZenad aTobiT milioni lari gaiRo. sagulisxmoa TariRebic, romlebic adastureben, rom aseTi moculobis investiciis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetileba kompaniam arabunebrivad mokle droSi miiRo. 1. energetikisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministrom auqcionis Sesaxeb gancxadeba 2011 wlis 16 agvistos gamoacxada. 2. camet dReSi, anu 2011 wlis 29 agvitos daregistrirda axali Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufi~. 3. daaxloebiT erT TveSi, anu 2011 wlis 3 oqtombers `kavkasiis samTo jgufma~ licenziaSi 93.5 milioni lari gadaixada. `vinc gaimarjva, Tavidanve Zalian Tavdajerebulni iyvnen, fass uyoymanod swevdnen da swevdnen. rac ar unda yofiliyo, mzad iyvnen, rom gadaexadaT~, _ ambobs laSa gogiZe, `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ kvlevis analitikosi, romelic auqcions eswreboda. `meore kompaniis warmomadgenlebi ki ufro yoymanobdnen, Rirs Tu ara amdeni Tanxis gadaxda. SigadaSig, ramdenime wuTiT auqcioni wydeboda da meore kompaniis warmomadgenlebi erTmaneTSi TaTbirobdnen.~ ratom iyo investori ase Tavdajerebuli da ratom swevda fass uyoymanod? miT umetes, es licenzia Seswavla-mopovebazea, anu investorma zustad ar icis, konkretulad ra raodenobis mogebis motana SeuZlia sabados. am kiTxvaze zusti da dadasturebuli pasuxi ar arsebobs, Tumca arsebobs varaudi, romelic situaciis iracionalurobas racionalur CarCoSi aqcevs. am varaudis Tanaxmad, `kavkasiis samTo jgufi~, marTalia, ucxouri kompaniis mier 100%-iani wiliT daregistrirebuli iuridiuli piria, magram sinamdvileSi mis ukan isev Zveli, saqarTvelos samTo-mopovebiT saqmianobaSi CarTuli bizneswre dgas. aris Tu ara kavSiri `kavkasiis samTo jgufsa~ da saaqcio sazogadoeba `madneuls~ Soris? am SekiTxvaze dadasturebuli pasuxis gacema, ofSoris daxuruli sistemis gamo, SeuZlebelia. `gamarjvebuli investoris Tavdajerebuloba mafiqrebinebs, rom maT winaswar icodnen, Tu ras yidulobdnen. yvela seriozul kompanias 6 kviraze bevrad meti dro sWirdeba aseTi gadawyvetilebis misaRebad. niSandoblivia isic, rom informacia mosalodneli auqcionis gamarTvis Sesaxeb saministros vebgverdidan, saitis ganaxlebis reJimSi, drodaro qreboda. arc saerTaSoriso reklama yofila. ori oqros licenzia gayideT da ori kompania gyavdaT auqcionSi maSin, roca saerTaSoriso bazarze liTonebis fasi rekordu-

gamarjvebuli investoris Tavdajerebuloba mafiqrebinebs, rom maT winaswar icodnen, Tu ras yidulobdnen. yvela seriozul kompanias 6 kviraze bevrad meti dro sWirdeba aseTi gadawyvetilebis misaRebad~.

foto garemos dacvis saministros fotoarqividan

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biznesi
lad maRalia~, ambobs maTias huTeri, `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ ufrosi analitikosi. licenziis Zveli mflobeli, saaqcio sazogadoeba `madneuli~ rusul kompania GeoProMining-s ekuTvnis. GeoProMining-is vebgverdze ganTavsebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, kompania dafuZnda 2001 wels saxelwodebiT `Stanton Equities Corporation~. 2005 wlis noemberSi kompaniam SeiZina saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli saaqcio sazogadoeba `madneuli~. erT TveSi amave kompaniam Seisyida saqarTvelos oqros damamuSavebeli kompania Sps `kvarciti~ da saydrisis sabados licenzia bolnisSi, daba bolnisis maJoritar deputatad airCies. Sps `goldinvestma~, romlis 100%-iani damfuZnebeli koba nayofiaa, investicia Cado mxatvruli filmis `agvistos 5 dRis~ SeqmnaSi. es informacia man Tavad daadastura 2010 wels studia `monitoris~ JurnalistTan satelefono saubrisas (Jurnalisturi videogamoZieba `mowamluli maSavera~). am proeqtTan kavSiris dasturad gamodgeba saqarTveloSi filmis prezentaciis is ramdenime dRec, rodesac nayofia ucxoel konovarskvlavebs maspinZlobda. swored aseTi warsulis gamo, skeptikosebs ar sjeraT, rom saxelisuflebo elita koba nayofias oqros unda Cadon. yuradRebiT ecnobian qveynis kanonmdeblobasac. qveynebic, Tavis mxriv, mTel rig kanonmdeblobasa da regulaciebs aweseben, raTa ucxoeli investori sakuTar teritoriaze gaakontrolon. zogi qveyana bunebriv resursebs sakuTar kanonmdeblobaSive `strategiulad mniSvnelovan~ aqtivad afasebs. amis magaliTia ruseTi. 2008 wels ruseTma miiRo e.w. `strategiuli seqtoris kanoni~ _ igive `kanoni 57~ da `kanoni 58~. es ori kanoni erTobliobaSi muSaobs bunebrivi resursebis mopovebis maregulirebel manamde miRebul sxva kanonebTan erTad. saboloo jamSi, ruseTis sakanonmdeblo sivrce ruseTis bunebriv resursebSi investirebis msurvelebs mkacr regulaciebs uwesebs. `kanoni 57~-is Tanaxmad, bunebrivi resursebis sferoSi mimdinare procesebs, magaliTad, investoris mier ganxorcielebul fulad tranzaqciebs, agreTve, mTlianad mis ekonomikur saqmianobas akontrolebs `ucxouri investiciebis samTavrobo komisia~, romelsac uSualod premier-ministri xelmZRvanelobs. am kanonis Tanaxmad, ucxoel investors federaluri mniSvnelobis bunebrivi resursebis mxolod mcire wilis, umetes SemTxvevaSi 10%-is, floba SeuZlia. nebismieri kontroli, romelic 10 %-ze metia, saWiroebs komisiis winaswar Tanxmobas. `58-e kanoni~ federaluri mniSvnelobis sabadoebad miiCnevs Semdegi bunebrivi resursebis maragebs: urans, briliants (gansakuTrebiT, sufTa daumuSavebel kvarcs), nikels, kobalts, tantals, beriliums, liTiums da platinis jgufis Zvirfas metalebs. aseve, sabadoebs, romlebic Seicavs 70 milion tona amosaRebad vargis navTobs, 50 milion kubur metr gazis sabados, oqrosa da spilenZis kldovan sabadoebs Sesabamisi moculobis da-

darCa Tu ara nayofia oqros mopovebis biznesSi? anu, dgas Tu ara igi Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufis~ ukan? am SekiTxvaze dadasturebuli pasuxis gacema, isev da isev, daxuruli biznesdokumentaciis gamo, SeuZlebelia.

kazreTSi. 2007 wels kompaniam Seicvala saxeli da mas GeoProMining-i ewoda. saqarTvelos garda, kompania oqros sabadoebze licenzias flobs somxeTSi. kompaniis rvakacian direqtorTa sabWos wevri aris lado gurgeniZe, saqarTvelos yofili premier-ministri, amJamad `liberTi bankis~ xelmZRvaneli. Tumca, kompaniis vebgverdze ar aris miTiTebuli, Tu rodis Sevida igi GeoProMining-is direqtorTa sabWoSi. GeoProMining-is sakuTrebaa ss `madneuli~, romelic, rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, parlamentar koba nayofias saxels ukavSirdeba. 2004-2008 wlebSi nayofia saaqcio sazogadoeba `madneulis~ generaluri direqtori iyo, xolo 2006-2008wlebSi _ Sps `kvarcitis~ sameTvalyureo sabWos Tavmjdomare. 2008 wels koba nayofia, rogorc `nacionaluri moZraobis~ wevri,

mopovebis biznesidan gamoaZevebda. sferoSi Caxeduli konfidencialuri wyaroebi `liberalTan~ saubrisas gamoTqvamen varauds, rom saqarTvelos xelisufleba nayofias ki ara, rusul sawarmos GeoProMining-s daupirispirda. licenziebis CamorTmeviT qarTuli oqros mopovebis biznesidan nayofia ki ara, rusuli kapitali gaistumres. darCa Tu ara nayofia oqros mopovebis biznesSi? anu, dgas Tu ara igi Sps `kavkasiis samTo jgufis~ ukan? am SekiTxvaze dadasturebuli pasuxis gacema, isev da isev, daxuruli biznesdokumentaciis gamo, SeuZlebelia.

wiaRiseulis mopovebis sakanonmdeblo regulaciebi

mTel msoflioSi samTo mopovebaze konkurencia izrdeba. aqedan gamomdinare, investorebi frTxilad irCeven im qveynebs, sadac investicia

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Ziebuli sabadoebiT. sazRvao akvatorias, teritoriul zRvebsa da ruseTis federaciis kontinentur Selfs. ruseTi, rogorc araliberaluri ekonomikis qveyana, bunebrivia, zedmetad ereva aramxolod wiaRiseulis, aramed zogadad didi biznesis saqmianobaSi. misi gamocdileba, rogorc specialistebi amboben, sanimuSo namdvilad ar aris. Tumca, ramdenadac araliberaluria rusuli kanonmdebloba, imdenad sust da zog SemTxvevaSi bundovan regulaciebs Seicavs qarTuli kanonmdebloba. geologi ivane SveliZe, ilias universitetis profesori, miiCnevs, rom ara mxolod terminebiT, aramed SinaarsiTac, saqarTvelos kanoni `wiaRis Sesaxeb~ moZvelebulia. `aviRoT saTauri _ kanoni wiaRis Sesaxeb. ra aris wiaRi? wiaRi aris yvelaferi, rac miwis qveSaa. ucxoeli amas ver igebs, radgan iyenebs termins: mineral resource~, _ ambobs igi. SveliZis azriT, mniSvnelovania, rom bunebriv resursebs am kanonmdeblobaSi strategiuli xarisxi mieniWos da roca licenzia sxvisdeba, saxelmwifom maragebis garkveuli nawili, Savi dRisTvis, Semoinaxos. `varT saxelmwifo, SezRuduli bunebrivi resursebiT. 30 wliT rom gavcemT licenzias, rogorc saxelmwifo, ras vitovebT? unda Semovides saxelmwifo rezervis cneba, romelic uflebas miscems saxelmwifos, rom nebismieri sabadodan 25% Semdgomi ganviTarebisTvis daitovos~. saqarTvelo, ruseTisgan gansxvavebiT, bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobisTvis licenziis SeZenas arcerTi qveynis biznesisaTvis, maT Soris, ofSorul zonebSi daregistrirebuli kompaniebisTvisac, ar zRudavs. rogorc wesi, xSirad aseTi kompaniebis mewileebi dafarulia. ucnobia, maTi gamocdilebac samTo mopovebis sferoSi. saqarTvelos sakanonmdeblo regulaciebi sazogadoebas wiaRiseulis licenziebiT mosargeble kompaniebis gakontrolebis sust meqanizmebs utovebs. 3 oqtombris auqcionis drosac, investorebs saxelmwifos winaSe minimaluri dokumentaciis wardgena evalebodaT. Tu fizikuri piri miiRebda monawileobas auqcionSi, piradobis mowmobas miitanda, iuridiul pirebsa da indmewarmeebs ki _ mxolod sajaro reestridan amonawerisa da avansad gadaxdili 200-lariani salicenzio mosakreblis qviTris wardgena evalebodaT. auqcionSi Setanili dokumentacia upasuxod tovebs arsebiTi xasiaTis Semdeg SekiTxvebs _ vin arian axali myidvelebi? ra gamocdileba aqvT, ra saxis adamianuri da teqnikuri resursi gaaCniaT? rogor gaakontrolebs qveyana maT finansur tranzaqciebs? `qarTuli samTo mrewvelobis biznesi namdvilad ver daikvexnis gamWvirvalobiT. problema is ki araa, Semodian Tu ara am biznesSi ofSoruli kompaniebi. romeli kompaniac ar unda Semovides, qveyanas unda hqondes kanonmdebloba, romelic aiZulebs kompaniebs, iyvnen Ria da gamWvirvale, gamoaqveynon sakuTari finansuri nakadi, gadaixadon gadasaxadebi~, _ ambobs maTias huTeri.

liTonebze moTxovna msoflio bazarze

Tanamedrove adamianis cxovrebaSi liToni iseTsave adgils ikavebs, rogorsac sakredito baraTi. liTonia aipodSi, yoveldRe musikiT rom gvatkbobs da saTvaleSi, sagnebis ukeT aRqmaSi rom gvexmareba. liToni, gnebavT metali, mniSvnelovania ekonomikaSic. msoflio bazarze liTonebze moTxovna mzardia, bunebaSi damarxuli maragebi _ SezRuduli da amowurvadi, karierebi _ Zveli da gaRaribebuli, moTxovna-miwodeba _ daubalansebeli, liTonze fasebi _ met-naklebi CavardnebiT, mzardi. londonis liTonebis birJis kvireulze investorebis xmauri ar wydeba. tabloze axali cifris gamoCenas biznesmenebi xmauriTa da xelebis qneviT xvdebian. aziis aRmavali ekonomikis qveynebSi: CineTSi, indoeTSi liTonebze moTxovna izrdeba. `liTonebi msoflio ekonomikis xerxemalia~, _ ase asrulebs Tavis reportaJs londonis liTonebis birJis kvireulidan xavier blasi, `fainenSal Taimsis~ Jurnalisti. saqarTvelos energetikis saministro am movlenebs liTonebis mosakreblebze fasis gazrdiT exmaureba. bunebriv resursebze mosakrebeli saqarTvelos mTavrobam 2011 wlis oqtombridan gazarda. mosakrebeli, anu gadasaxadi bunebriv resursze, am SemTxvevaSi, erT gram oqroze Tu manamde 0,9 lari iyo, oqtombridan 3 lari gaxda. erT tona spilenZze _ 136 laridan 255 laramde gaizarda. `samTo mopovebiTi mrewveloba, maRali riskis matarebeli biznesia~, _ ambobs oqros mompovebeli kompania Kinross Gold Corporation-is direqtori, kanadeli biznesmeni tai berti, romelic ruseTSi operirebs da gasul wels naSromi gamoaqveyna samTomopovebiT biznesze saxelad `Fostering Foreign Investment in Mineral Exploration and Development in Russia~. _ `jer amxela farTobi unda Seiswavlo, rom sabados miwebi ekonomikur lotebad aqcio~.

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mTavari Tema
dasaqmebis politika

dasaqmeba - saqarTvelos gadauWreli problema

ra xdeboda 2006 wlidan dRemde
2006 wlidan moyolebuli saqarTvelos mTavrobam qveyanaSi dasaqmebis oTxi oficialuri programa ganaxorciela, maTi umravlesoba winasaarCevno periodSi miiRes. aris Tu ara miRweuli am RonisZiebebis mTavari mizani _ umuSevrobis Semcireba?
mari roWikaSvili, studia `monitori~
saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli samsaxuris monacemebiT, umuSevrobis done qveyanaSi yovelwliurad izrdeba. 2006 wels saqarTveloSi Sromisunariani mosaxleobis 13,6% umuSevari iyo. 2010 wels es maCvenebeli 16,3%mde gaizarda. 2012 weli saqarTveloSi saparlamento arCevnebis welia, 2013 _ saprezidento. saqarTvelos mTavrobam winasaarCevno kampania ukve daiwyo _ ase Sefasda saqarTvelos strategiuli ganviTarebis `aTpunqtiani gegma~, romlis prioritetic modernizacia da, kvlavindeburad, dasaqmebaa. dokumenti, romelic 2011-2015 wlebzea gaTvlili, miznad isaxavs samuSao adgilebis Seqmnas da umuSevrobis Semcirebas. programis mixedviT, mxolod infrastruqturuli proeqtebis ganxorcielebisTvis, sul mcire, 70 000 adamianis dasaqmeba igegmeba, konkretulad ki _ gzebis mSeneblobaze 30 000, rkinigzaze _ 8 000, hesebis mSeneblobaze _ 13 000, wyalmomaragebis seqtorSi Casatarebel samuSaoebze ki 20 000 adamiani dasaqmdeba. es ar aris pirveli SemTxveva, rodesac mTavroba mosaxleobas STambeWdav dapirebas aZlevs. TviT adre, agvistoSi mTavrobis dadgenileba gamovida, romlis Tanaxmadac, saqarTveloSi dasaqmebis programa daiwyo. programa saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi kerZo seqtorSi staJirebis gavlis saSualebas aZlevda. programaSi monawileTa raodenoba 50 000 adamianiT ganisazRvra. TiToeuls yovelTviurad 150 laris stipendia daeniSna, risTvisac biujetidan 24 milioni lari gamoiyo. programis popularizacia TviT saqarTvelos prezidentma mixeil saakaSvilma iTava. dasaqmebis programa daaxloebiT erTi Tvis dawyebuli iyo, rodesac 13 seqtembers prezidentma gardabnis raionSi bunebrivi airis balonebis mwarmoebeli sawarmo gaxsna, ceremonias televiziebi pirdapir eTerSi gadascemdnen. `radgan movedi da Tqveni sawarmo vnaxe, movedi Cemi winaswari pirobebiT, erT 80-100 adamians unda mokidoT xeli da 3 Tve aq daasaqmoT da Semdeg, romlebic saukeTesoebi iqnebian maT Soris, daasaqmoT ukve mudmivad. Tanaxma xarT? pirobas maZlevT rom gaakeTebT? CamomarTvi xeli,~ _ ganucxada saakaSilma kompaniis menejments da sawarmoSi axalgazrdebiT datvirTuli avtobusic Semoiyvanes. im dRes TiTqos yvela kmayofili iyo, prezentaciam warmatebiT Caiara. axalgazrdebi Tvlidnen, rom maT dasaqmebis Sansi miecaT. Tumca mogvianebiT sainformacio saSualebebiT gavrcelebuli informaciis Tanaxmad, aRniSnuli sawarmo gaxsnidan ramdenime dReSi daixura. oficialuri monacemebiT, am programaSi qveynis masStabiT 4 736 mcire, saSualo da msxvili sawarmo CaerTo da staJirebis gavlis saSualeba 44 471 adamians mieca. vakansiebi, ZiriTadad, Semdeg profesiebze gamocxadda: damlagebeli, dasufTavebis samsaxuris muSaki, sadazRvevo agenti, sareklamo agenti, distributori. es ki imas niSnavs, rom 44 471 adamianidan umetesobam staJireba iseT profesiebze gaiara, romelsac gansakuTrebuli Seswavla ar sWirdeboda. `Tavidanve Canda, rom es programa ararealisturi iyo, saerTod, mas dasaqmebasTan aranairi kavSiri ar hqonda. es ufro piar teqnologiebiT gaTvaliswinebuli raRac aqcia iyo. saqme is gaxlavT, rom Tu bizness unda gafarToeba, mas sul ar sWirdeba biujetidan daxmareba, xolo Tu bizness gafarToeba ar awyobs, is arasdros daiqiravebs damatebiT muSaxels~, _ acxadebs eqsperti ekonomikis sakiTxebSi lado papava. arasamTavrobo organizacia `saerTaSoriso gamWirvaloba _ saqarTve-

dasaqmebis pirveli programa

2006 wlis 5 oqtombers daniSnuli TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebamde ori

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muSebi eliavas bazrobis mimdebare teritoriaze

lom~ dasaqmebis pirveli programis kvleva Caatara da programaSi monawile mewarmeebi gamohkiTxa. kvlevaSi ori mewarmis magaliTia moyvanili, Tumca usafrTxoebis dacvis mizniT maTi vinaoba gasaidumloebulia. rogorc mewarmeebi acxadeben, programis dawyebis Semdeg maT kompaniaSi sagadasaxado departamentidan darekes da garkveuli raodenobis staJiorebis miReba moiTxoves. maTi TqmiT, sagadasaxado inspeqciis warmomadgenlebi ar damuqrebian, Tumca ifiqres, rom uars, SesaZloa, maT sawarmoebSi finansuri policiis viziti mohyoloda. gamokiTxvis Sedegad mewarmeebis umetesoba acxadebda, rom maTTan gagzavnili staJiorebis profesiuli momzadeba ver SeZles, radgan maTTvis

araTu saqme, aramed ofisSi adgilebic ki ar iyo. zogierTma kompaniam samTviani programis dasrulebis Semdeg staJiorebi daasaqma, Tumca, rogorc mewarmeebma, saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ uTxres dasaqmebis Sesaxeb gadawyvetileba sakuTari surviliT ki ara, xelisuflebis davalebiT miiRes. mTavrobis erT-erT sxdomaze prezidentma programa warmatebiT Seafasa da ganacxada, rom am programis Sedegad 10 000 adamiani dasaqmda. aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos axalgazrda ekonomistTa asociaciam~ 2007-2008 wlebSi Caatara masStaburi kvleva dasaqmeba siRaribis gareSe~. kvlevis erT-erTi komponenti dasaqmebasac Seexo. Sedegis mixedviT, am

gamokiTxvis Sedegad mewarmeebis umetesoba acxadebda, rom maTTan gagzavnili staJiorebis profesiuli momzadeba ver SeZles, radgan maTTvis araTu saqme, aramed ofisSi adgilebic ki ar iyo.
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foto marika qoCiaSvili

mTavari Tema
periodSi mxolod 7%-ma, anu 3 000mde adamianma ganagrZo muSaoba, Tumca isic, droebiT.

dasaqmebis mesame programa

2007 wlis 25 seqtembers Tavdacvis yofilma ministrma irakli oqruaSvilma saqarTvelos prezidenti da mTavroba sajarod daadanaSaula korufciaSi, maT Soris saxelmwifo saxsrebis kanondarRveviT xarjvaSi. 4 oqtombers saakaSvili mTavrobis gafarToebul sxdomas awyobs da daZabuli viTarebis ganmuxtvis mizniT sxva siaxleebTan erTad dasaqmebis axali masobrivi programis Sesaxeb akeTebs gancxadebas. 7 noembers, saqarTveloSi opoziciuri Zalebis mier organizebuli mitingis darbevisa da telekompania imedSi~ specialuri operatiuli departamentis SeWris Semdeg, saqarTvelos prezidenti vadaze adre gadadga. arCevnebi 2008 wlis 5 ianvars daniSna. mesame programis mizani, pirveli programis msgavsad, muSaxelis profesiuli gadamzadebis da kvalifikaciis amaRlebis saxelmwifo mxardaWera iyo. masSi monawileoba 25-idan 65 wlamde asakis 100 000 adamians SeeZlo. programa 5 dekembers daiwyo. registracia sagamofeno centr `eqspo jorjias~ pavilionSi imarTeboda. am adgils programaSi monawileobis msurvelTa uzarmazari nakadi miawyda. sainformacio saagentoebSi gaCnda informacia, rom rigSi mdgomi 55 wlis qalbatoni, romelsac dasaqmebis programaSi moxvedra surda, gulis SeteviT gardaicvala. eqspertebis SefasebiT, programa Tavidanve araorganizebuli da qaoturi iyo. registraciis gavlis Semdeg monawileebs ramdenime kompaniaSi sirbili uwevdaT, radgan adgilze misvlisas vakansiebi ukve aRar xvdebodaT. saboloo jamSi, 100 000 -is nacvlad registracia 113 000 adamianma gaiara. maT, stipendiis saxiT, sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi yovelTviurad saxelmwifosgan 200-200 lari (jamSi TiToeulma _ 600 lari) miiRes. es ki saxelmwifo biujets 65 milioni lari daujda. `saerTaSoriso gamWirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ kvlevis mixedviT, sagadasaxado organoebis mier mewarmeebze

dasaqmebis meore programa

dasaqmebis meore programa saxelwodebiT `dasaqmeba mcire da saSualo biznesis ganviTarebiT~ xelisuflebam 2007 wlis zafxulSi daiwyo. es programa winamorbedisgan radikalurad gansxvavdeboda. aRniSnul programaSi monawileebad umuSevrebi ar SerCeulan. programiT unda esargeblaT damsaqmeblebs. kerZod, turizmis sferoSi momuSave mcire da saSualo zomis sawarmoebs, romelTac programis ganxorcielebis Semdeg umuSevari adamianebi unda daesaqmebinaT. am programis farglebSi biujetidan 5,5 milioni lari gamoiyo. mTavrobam `prokredit bankTan~ xelSekruleba tenderis gareSe, erT pirTan molaparakebis gziT gaaforma da banks 5 milioni laris sakredito xazic gauxsna. mTavrobis dadgenilebiT, banks sesxi maqsimum 12%-iani wliuri ganakveTiT unda gaeca. sesxis maqsimaluri zRvari _ 50 000 lars Seadgenda, xolo vada 5 weli iyo. banks ufleba mieca, sesxebi sakuTari Sexedulebisamebr gaeca. `prokredit bankis~ mcire biznesis koordinatori nukri TeTraSvili acxadebs, rom programa warmatebuli iyo, radgan dafinansda 300-mde proeqti da 600-mde adamianma axali samuSao adgili miiRo. aRniSnuli proeqtis Sesaxeb angariSis moZieba ver movaxerxeT. es informacia, wesiT, ekonomikis saministroSi unda inaxebodes, radgan dasaqmebis meore programas swored es saministro kurirebda. Cveni Txovnis miuxedavad, saministrom dasaqmebis meore programis Sesrulebis angariSi ar mogvawoda da `prokredit bankTan~ gadagvamisamarTa. bankSi ki komerciuli saidumloebis sababiT beneficiarTa monacemebi ver miviReT.

zewola am programis drosac dafiqsirda. niSandoblivia, rom am programis farglebSi Tbilisis 20-mde sabavSvo baRma pedagogebis vakansiebi gamoacxada da ratomRac yvela baRi samsaxurSi oTx-oTx adamians epatiJeboda. oTxi pedagogi moiTxova Tbilisis zooparkmac. pedagogebze arsebuli saeWvo moTxovnis garda proeqtis araseriozulobas adasturebda msxvili kompaniebis mier gamocxadebuli vakansiebic: `saqarTvelos rkinigzam~- 13 957, saxalxo bankma _ 4 422, saqarTvelos bankma _ 1 472, `blok jorjiam~ 1 472 vakansia gamoacxada. saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ daskvnaSi aRniSnulia, rom kompaniebma ararealurad bevri vakansia gamoacxades. am mizezis gamo, programaSi daregistrirebuli monawileebis udidesma nawilma saxelmwifosgan stipendia yovelgvari gadamzadebis gareSe miiRo. pirveli da mesame dasaqmebis programebis Sefasebisas, eqsperti ekonomikis sakiTxebSi lado papava acxadebs, rom mTavrobam masobrivi dasaqmebis programebiT amomrCeveli moisyida da amisaTvis biujetidan 2006 wels 24 milioni lari, xolo 2007-2008 wlebSi 65 milioni lari daxarja. mTavrobam es programebi winasaarCevno periodebs daamTxvia da amas politikuri datvirTva gacilebiT meti hqonda, vidre saboloo Sedegi dasaqmebis kuTxiT. saerTod, roca qveyanaSi dasaqmebis mxriv katastrofulad cudi viTarebaa, aseTi programebiT raime xelSesaxebi Sedegebis miRweva SeuZlebelia~, _ acxadebs eqsperti ekonomikis sakiTxebSi Tengiz SergelaSvili.

dasaqmebis meoTxe programa

2008 wels saqarTvelos xelisuflebam axali 5-wliani programa wamoiwyo. programa, ambiciuri saTauriT `saqarTvelo _ siRaribis gareSe~, 2012 wels unda damTavrdes. aRniSnul programas miznebic ambiciuri aqvs: 5 wlis gan-

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mavlobaSi qveyanaSi 10 miliardamde dolaris investicia unda moizidon, ekonomikis gajansaRebis Sedegad _ 200 000 adamiani unda dasaqmdes, foTis Tavisufali industriuli zona srulfasovnad unda amoqmeddes. mxolod foTSi samsaxuri 20.000 adamianma unda iSovos. qveynis masStabiT 200-ze meti sasoflo-sameurneo produqciis gadamamuSavebeli sawarmo unda Seiqmnas, ris Semdegac am sferoSi 10 000-mde adamiani dasaqmdeba. uSualod procesSi 100 000-mde pirovneba CaerTveba. am programis dasrulebamde erT welze odnav meti darCa, Tumca 10-miliardiani investiciis nacvlad, saqarTvelos statistikis erovnuli samsaxuris monacemebiT, mxolod 3 miliard 41 milioni dolaris pirdapiri ucxouri investicia ganxorcielda. mokrZalebulad gamoiyureba foTis industriuli zonac, romelic zar-zeimiT gaixsna, sadac 1,5 miliardi dolaris investicia unda Cadebuliyo da 20 000 adamiani dasaqmebuliyo. Tumca, rogorc industriuli zonis sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis samsaxuris ufrosi Salva beraia acxadebs, dReis mdgomareobiT zonaSi mxolod 30 milionamde investicia ganxorcielda, xolo dasaqmebulTa maqsimaluri odenoba 250-s aRwevs. Tu vambobT, rom qveyanaSi 4 400 000 adamiani gvyavs, Tu vambobT, rom 2 milionia samuSao Zala da aqedan kerZo biznesSi daqiravebiT dakavebuli mxolod 10%-ia, es niSnavs, rom qveyanas ekonomika ar aqvs, zustad ise, rogorc ar hqonda 2003 wels, an Tundac 1998 wels~, _ ambobs Tengiz SergelaSvili. misi azriT, revoluciidan 7-8 wlis gasvlis miuxedavad, SeuZlebelia imis Tqma, rom qveyanaSi dasaqmebis kuTxiT Zireuli cvlilebebia. saqarTveloSi dasaqmebulTa absoluturi umetesoba TviTdasaqmebulia. aRsaniSnavia, rom Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis da saqstatis meTodologiis Tanaxmad, TviTdasaqmebulad iTvleba yvela, vinc gamokiTxvis momentSi wina Svidi dRis ganmavlobaSi Semosavlebis miRebis mizniT Tundac erTi saaTiT mainc muSaobdnen. TviTdasaqmebulTa ricxvs miekuTvnebian, magaliTad, repetitorebi, taqsize momuSave mZRolebi, sacalo vaWrobiT dakavebulebi, soflis meurneobaSi dasaqmebulebi. saqarTveloSi TviTdasaqmebulTa ricxvi milions aRemateba. sagulisxmoa, rom TviTdasaqmebulTa 80%-ze meti dakavSirebulia sofelTan da misdevs sakuTar fermerul (glexur) meurneobas. anu, Tu Tqven soflad sakarmidamo nakveTs amuSavebT, an pirutyvi gyavT da misgan produqcias Tundac sakuTari moxmarebis mizniT iRebT, maSin dasaqmebulad iTvlebiT. `agrarul seqtorSi, erTi mxriv, dasaqmebis maCvenebliT pirvel adgilze varT~, _ acxadebs Tengiz SergelaSvili. Tumca, misi TqmiT, saqarTveloSi arcTu saxarbieloa~ soflis meurneobaSi warmoebuli produqciis moculoba. swored amis gamo Semosavali erT sul mosaxleze TveSi Zalian dabalia. oficialuri statistikiT, sofelSi TviTdasaqmebidan yovelTviuri Semosavali 2010 wels 7.80 lari iyo, xolo soflis meurneobis produqciis gayidvidan _ 19.20 lari. anu Cveni sofeli dRes aris daaxloebiT gvian feodalur xanaSi. iq mcxovrebi adamianebi ki dasaqmebulTa ricxvSi Sedian~, _ acxadebs SergelaSvili. niSandoblivia, rom wels, seqtemberSi erovnul demokratiuli institutis mier Catarebuli kvlevis Tanaxmad, 16 161 gamokiTxulidan 67% Tavs umuSevrad Tvlis, am monacemSi araaqtiuri muSaxelic Sedis. mosaxleobis 62%-isTvis `samuSao~ qveynis nomer pirvel problemad rCeba. studia `monitori. statia momzadebulia fond `Ria sazogadoebasaqarTvelos mier dafinansebuli proeqtis farglebSi.

vin iTvleba dasaqmebulad

qveyanaSi, dasaqmebis TvalsazrisiT, jansaRi mdgomareobis SemTxvevaSi, daqiravebiT dasaqmebulebis odenoba unda aWarbebdes TviTdasaqmebulTa odenobas. estoneTSi 10 daqiravebul momuSaveze modis 1 TviTdasaqmebuli. saqarTveloSi daqiravebuli 600 aTasi adamiania, TviTdasaqmebuli ki milionze meti. saqarTveloSi TviTdasaqmebulebic iTvlebian dasaqmebulad. zog qveynebSi TviTdasaqmebulebs moixsenieben nawilobriv dasaqmebulad~, rac eqspertTa azriT, sinamdviles ufro adekvaturad asaxavs. saqarTveloSi dasaqmebulad iTvleba yvela, vinc gamokiTxvis periodisaTvis gasuli 7 dRis ganmavlobaSi Semosavlis miRebis mizniT, Tundac, erTi saaTi muSaobda. Sromis saerTaSoriso organizaciis es standarti zogma qveyanam ufro gaamkacra. arseboben qveynebi, sadac es maCvenebeli erT saaTs gacilebiT aRemateba. aSS-Si dasaqmebulad iTvleba is, vinc wina kviris udidesi nawili~ gaatara samsaxurSi.

dasaqmebulebi da TviTdasaqmebulebi _ cifrebi da eqspertuli Sefasebebi

oficialuri statistikuri monacemebiT, im adamianTa ricxvi, romlebic samsaxurSi xelSekrulebis safuZvelze daiqiraves, umniSvnelod, magram mzardia. 2008 wels _ 572 000, 2009 wels -596 000, xolo 2010 wels _ 618 000 adamiani iyo dasaqmebuli. am monacemSi Sedian rogorc sajaro administraciul organoebSi, aseve kerZo seqtorSi dasaqmebuli adamianebi. eqspertebi acxadeben, rom 618 000 dasaqmebulidan 70% sabiujeto dafinansebas iRebs, kerZo seqtors ki mxolod 30 % Seadgens, rac saSualod 200 000 dasaqmebulia.

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jandacva
Sidsi

daviyvanoT nulamde
`nuli diskriminacia~ da `nuli sikvdili Sidsis gamo~ _ SidsTan brZolis mTavari sloganebia.
eka WiTanava
mokrialebuli iataki, halogenuri ganaTeba, tyavis moxerxebuli savarZlebi, magidaze yvavilebi da priala Jurnalebi, kedelze televizori _ erTi SexedviT, yvelaferia imisTvis, rom pacientma misaRebSi Tavi myudrod da komfortulad igrZnos. es Tbilisis erT-erTi kerZo stomatologiuri klinikis misaRebia. SesvlisTanave, sasiamovno garegnobis gogona RimiliT megebeba. _ `iciT, me aiv inficirebuli var, kbilis amoReba minda da mainteresebs, eqimi Tu momemsaxureba~, _ vuxsni gogonas. gogonas gamometyveleba ecvleba da SeSfoTebuli ambobs, `erTi wuTiT, vikiTxav~ . Semdeg eqimebs urekavs da aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi klinikaSi CoCqolia. bolos kabinetidan gamodis TeTrxalaTiani eqimi da moridebulad mixsnis: ` _ iciT, specialuri siTxeebia saWiro da axla ar gvaqvs, amitom iqneb sxvagan waxvideT!~ imis gasarkvevad, emsaxurebian Tu ara samedicino dawesebulebebSi aiv inficirebulebs statusis gamxelis Semdeg, `liberalma~ mcire eqsperimenti Caatara da Tbilisis ramdenime centralur stomatologiur klinikaSi mivida. `marTalia, CvenTan sterilizacia xuTianzea, magram axla xelTaTmanebi ar gvaqvs~, `dRes eqimi araa, xval mobrZandiT~, `ar vici, magis imunitetis patrons, iqneb stacionarSi waiyvanoT!~- ase sam stomatologiur klinikaSi gvipasuxes. Tumca, iyvnen iseTebic, sadac kbilis amoRebaze uyoymanod dagvTanxmdnen. saqarTvelos kanoni aiv infeqcia / Sidsis Sesaxeb dRes inficirebulebs samedicino dawesebulebebSi TavianTi statusis gamxelas ar avaldebulebs. es ki imas niSnavs, rom eqimma yvela pacienti potenciuri infeqciis wyarod unda ganixilos da sterilizaciisa da higienis wesebi mkacrad daicvas. kanonSi es cvlileba sami wlis win swored imitom Seitanes, rom aiv inficirebulebs eqimTan vizitisas problemebi xSirad eqmnebodaT da stigmis gamo, maT gamudmebiT erTi klinikidan meoreSi agzavnidnen. am cvlilebas didi winaaRmdegoba moyva, gansakuTrebiT, eqimebis mxridan. `Tu mecodineba rom aiv inficirebulia, im instrumentebs sulac gadavyri~, `sxva dros SeiZleba `laiT~ sterilizacias vakeTebde, aiv inficirebulTan ki, ufro frTxilad viqnebi~ _ zustad am sityvebiT mipirispirdeboda zogierTi eqimi~, _ ixsenebs axali kanonis erT-erTi Tanaavtori, aiv politikisa da advokatirebis eqsperti mzia tabataZe. miuxedavad imisa, rom samedicino instrumentebis sterilizaciis SemTxvevaSi, aiv inficirebulis momsaxureba usafrTxoa, `liberalis~ mier Catarebuli eqsperimenti aCvenebs, rom eqimebis mxridan aiv inficirebulebis mimarT stigma ar Semcirebula. `dRes, roca mkurnalobis meTodebi

gamokiTxul moswavleTa naxevari ambobs, rom inficirebul kolegasTan ar imuSavebda. aseve, axalgazrdebis TiTqmis meoTxedi miiCnevs, rom inficirebuli pirebi izolirebuli unda iyvnen sazogadoebisgan.

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bevrad gaumjobesda da Sidsi aRar niSnavs sikvdils, erT-erTi yvelaze didi problema swored stigma, Semdeg ki, sazogadoebis mxridan, aiv dadebiT pirTa am stigmiT gamowveuli diskriminaciaa~, _ ambobs SidsiT daavadebulTa daxmarebis fondis fsiqologi giorgi wowkolauri. 2011 wlis 15 noembris monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi sul 3057 inficirebulia. wels aiv-is 366 axali SemTxveva gamovlinda, 2010 wels _ 455, 2009 wels ki _ 385. adre Tu narkotikebis ineqciuri momxmareblebi mkveTrad sWarbobdnen sxva gziT daavadebuli pacientebis raodenobas, axla proporcia Seicvala. 2011 wlisTvis heteroseqsualuri kontaqtiT dainficirebis maCvenebelma 40 procents miaRwia, ineqciuri narkotikebis gamoyenebiT dainficirebis maCvenebeli ki 55,6 procentamde Semcirda. zogadad, msoflioSi SidsiT sikvdilianobis tendencia TandaTan mcirdeba. 2011 wlisTvis mTel msoflioSi SidsTan asocirebuli daavadebebiT sikvdilianobam 21 procentiT iklo. 2005 wlis pikis Semdeg es yvelaze dabali maCvenebelia. 21 procentiT Semcirda aiv inficirebis axali SemTxvevebis raodenobac. 2010 wels Sidsisgan msoflioSi 1.8 milioni adamiani daiRupa, rac 2005 welTan SedarebiT, 2.2 milioniT naklebia. specialistebi amboben, rom sikvdilianobis Semcireba prevenciisa da mkurnalobis meTodebis gaumjobesebis damsaxurebaa. `ramden xans vicocxleb? rodis movkvdebi?~ _ `pirvelad swored am kiTxvebs gvisvamen, roca CvenTan modian~, _ ambobs SidsiT daavadebulTa daxmarebis fondis fsiqologi giorgi wowkolauri. `Cven ki veubnebiT, rom Sidsi ar niSnavs sikvdils~, _ dasZens igi. 21-e saukuneSi SidsTan brZola gacilebiT efeqtiani gaxda. adreul stadiaze infeqciis gamovlenisas SeiZleba organizmis imuniteti avamaRloT da srulfasovani cxovrebiTac vicxovroT. dRes yvelaze metad SidsTan brZolas daavadebis gviandel stadiaze gamovlena arTulebs. epidemiologebis TqmiT, roca diagnozi gvian ismeba da daavadeba ukve Sidsis stadiazea, organizmis imuniteti ukiduresad qveiTdeba. aseT dros xSirad viTardeba SidsTan asocirebuli daavadebebi, magaliTad, pnevmonia anu filtvebis anTeba an tuberkulozi. dasustebul organizms daavadebasTan brZola uWirs da sikvdilis mizezic es aris xolme. `erT-erTi yvelaze gavrcelebuli Sexeduleba `me es ar damemarTeba~ xels uSlis daavadebis prevencias~, _ ambobs infeqciuri paTologiis, Sidsisa da klinikuri imunologiis samecniero-praqtikuli centris epidemiologiuri departamentis xelmZRvaneli nino badriZe. swored amitom, Tuki adamiani sarisko qcevis mqoned iTvleba, aiv-ze testi regularulad unda Caitaros. infeqciuri paTologiis, Sidsisa da klinikuri imunologiis centrSi gamokvleva ufasoa da mxolod piradobis mowmobis wardgenaa saWiro. pacientis vinaoba konfidencialuri rCeba. sarisko qceva ZiriTadad narkotikebis arasteriluri, saziaro SpriciT an sxva saineqcio saSualebebis moxmarebas da daucvel heteroseqsualur an homoseqsualur sqesobriv kavSirs gulisxmobs. dedidan nayofze virusis gadacemis albaToba profilaqtikuri mkurnalobis gareSe 15-dan 30%-mde meryeobs. mkurnaloba ki nayofis an axalSobilis inficirebis risks TiTqmis nulamde amcirebs. `vinc profilaqtikur mkurnalobas gadioda, yvelas janmrTeli Svili gauCnda~, _ ambobs nino badriZe. kidev erTi problema, rac stigmasa da dagvianebul diagnostikasTan erTad SidsTan brZolas aferxebs, sazogadoebis informirebulobis dabali donea. aSS-s saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos dafinansebiT, 2011 wels TbilisSi 1900-mde ufrosklaselsa da studentTa Soris Catarda kvleva, romliTac gairkva, rom termini `aiv infeqcia~ TiTqmis mesameds ar smenia. gamokiTxvis avtorebi respondentTa codnas aivisa da misi gadacemis gzebis Sesaxeb xuTi standartuli kiTxviT amowmebdnen: erTi erTguli partnioris yola da kondomis gamoyeneba dagicavT Tu ara infeqciisgan? amcirebs Tu ara inficirebis risks kondomis gamoyeneba yoveli sqesobrivi kavSiris dros? aiv inficirebuli SeiZleba Tu ara janmrTelad gamoiyurebodes? aris Tu ara saSiSi inficirebul adamianTan erTad sakvebis miReba? gadadis Tu ara aiv infeqcia koRos nakbeniT? `savalalo Sedegebi miviReT!~ _ ambobs aiv politikisa da advokatirebis eqsperti mzia tabataZe. misi TqmiT, sworad yvela kiTxvas studentebis mxolod 10-ma procentma upasuxa, skolis moswavleebSi ki es maCvenebeli kidev ufro dabali (6%) iyo. es niSnavs, rom axalgazrdebis didma nawilma isev ar icis, rogor gadadis aiv infeqcia. gamokiTxul moswavleTa naxevari ambobs, rom inficirebul kolegasTan ar imuSavebda. aseve, axalgazrdebis TiTqmis meoTxedi miiCnevs, rom inficirebuli pirebi izolirebuli unda iyvnen sazogadoebisgan. swored amitom, informirebulobis gazrda saqarTveloSi SidsTan brZolis erT-erTi prioritetia. `daviyvanoT nulamde~ _ am sloganiT xvdeba wels msoflio Sidsis saerTaSoriso dRes, romelic 1 dekembers aRiniSneba. `daviyvanoT nulamde inficirebis axali SemTxvevebi, inficirebulTa stigma da SidsTan asocirebuli sikvdilianoba~ _ saqarTvelosTvis `samive nuli~ Tanabrad mniSvnelovania.

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bavSvTa uflebebi

uxilavi bavSvebi
Tina yifSiZe

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mari 14 wlisaa da 10 Tveze metia, gldanis bavSvTa krizisul centrSi cxovrobs. manamde drois umetes nawils quCaSi atarebda. kiTxvaze, Tu ras akeTebda quCaSi, xangrZlivi dumilis Semdeg pasuxobs: vmaTxovrobdi... webos vynosavdi... misi istoria tipuria im bavSvebisTvis, romlebic maris msgavsad quCaSi cxovroben. maT e.w. quCis bavSvebs~ uwodeben. `quCis bavSvi~ _ bavSvi, romelic cxovrobs da muSaobs quCaSi. am kategoriis bavSvebis aRsaniSnad jerjerobiT arc zusti definicia da arc termini ar arsebobs. ar arsebobs arc maTi statistika. erTaderTi kvleva, romelsac maTi raodenoba da specifikuri problemebi unda gamoekveTa, 2007 wels organizaciam gadavarCinoT bavSvebi Caatara. kvlevis mixedviT, 2007 wlis noemberSi saqarTvelos 4 did qalaqSi _ TbilisSi, quTaisSi, baTumsa da rusTavSi 1600-mde bavSvi daiTvala. bavSvTa sakiTxebze momuSave organizacia `bavSvi da garemos xelmZRvaneli nana iaSvili miiCnevs, rom es ricxvi saqarTvelosTvis sakmaod maRalia, miT umetes, rom kvleva mxolod 4 qalaqSi Catarda. rumineTSi, sadac mosaxleobis raodenoba 34 milionia, sul 800-mde bavSvi cxovrobs quCaSi, saqarTveloSi, maqsimum 5 milioniani mosaxleobiT, sul cota _ 1600. katastrofuli maCvenebelia~, _ ambobs iaSvili. quCaSi mcxovrebi bavSvebis sakiTxi bundovania. rogorc iTqva, ar arsebobs maTi statistika, xSir SemTxvevaSi, araa cnobili sacxovre-

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beli garemo da ar aqvT dokumentebi. aseTi bavSvebis sami kategoria gamoiyofa: quCis bavSvebi _ bavSvebi, romlebic moklebulni arian ojaxTan yovelgvar kavSirs, muSaoben, cxovroben da sZinavT quCaSi; quCis bavSvebi, romlebic mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi muSaoben quCaSi, misdeven ekonomikur aqtivobas, saRamos brundebian saxlSi da mTeli dRis monapovars unawileben ojaxs. am kategoriis bavSvebi SeiZleba dadiodnen skolaSi; quCis bavSvebi, romelTa ojaxebic cxovroben quCaSi. (saxalxo damcveli, 2009 wlis angariSi). maTi kategorizeba sxva niSniTac SeiZleba _ bavSvebi, romlebsac aqvT sabuTebi da bavSvebi, romlebsac ar aqvT sabuTebi. rogorc am sakiTxze mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad rekomendaciebi misces. Caataros kompleqsuri kvleva qveyanaSi quCis bavSvebis masStabis, bunebisa da mizezebis Sesafaseblad, raTa Camoayalibos prevenciis erovnuli strategia, _ aRniSnulia komitetis angariSSi. jerjerobiT saxelmwifos mxridan msgavsi kvleva ar Catarebula. rac Seexeba erovnul strategias, socialuri momsaxurebis saagentoSi amboben, rom mimdinareobs muSaoba strategiis SesamuSaveblad. amave angariSSi aRniSnulia, rom saqarTvelom unda uzrunvelyos qveyanaSi dabadebuli yvela bavSvis registracia. arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi amboben, rom bavSvTa registracia problemaa, ramdenadac quCis bavSvebis nawili samSobiaro saxlebSi ar _ ambobs erT-erT arasamTavrobo organizaciaSi momuSave socialuri muSaki. im SemTxvevebis umetesobaSic, Tu mSoblis povna moxerxda, Tavad maTac ara aqvT dokumentebi. aseT dros jer mSobels unda gaukeTdes sabuTebi, Semdeg _ bavSvebs, rac process kidev ufro axangrZlivebs. gvancac, maris msgavsad, 14 wlisaa. ZiriTad dros quCaSi atarebs, Tavs gamvlelebisTvis fulis TxovniT irCens. rogorc socialur muSaks uxsnis, didi siamovnebiT ivlida skolaSi, Seicvlida cxovrebis wess da SeTavazebul daxmarebazec ar ityoda uars. magram am yvelafrisaTvis sabuTebi wesrigSi unda hqondes. skolaSi ar iReben, sabuTebia saWiro, sxva SemTxvevaSi, skola masze gaTvaliswinebul vauCers ver miiRebs,~ _ aRniSnavs gvancasTan momuSave socialuri muSaki, romelic misTvis sabuTebis momzadebas cdilobs. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis msgavsad, bavSvebisTvis dokumentebis momzadebaze saxelmwifo socialuri muSakebic muSaoben. arasamTavroboebis socialuri muSakebisgan gansxvavebiT, maT bavSvisTvis sabuTebis dasamzadeblad mSoblis monaxva ar sWirdebaT. magram aq ukve sxva problemasTan mivdivarT. socialuri muSakebis raodenoba araadekvaturad mcirea quCis bavSvebis raodenobasTan SedarebiT. fizikurad SeuZlebeli xdeba quCis bavSvebis masobrivi dokumentacia. reagireba mxolod calkeul SemTxvevebze xdeba, rac problemas sabolood ver agvarebs. am bavSvebis dokumentacia aucilebelia. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, isedac mwir socialur servisebSi maTi CarTva ver xerxdeba. ramdenime wlis win quCaSi myofi bavSvebisTvis gankuTvnili servisebis dafinansebaSi momxdarma cvlilebebma mdgomareoba ufro gaarTula.

rumineTSi, sadac mosaxleobis raodenoba 34 milionia, sul 800-mde bavSvi cxovrobs quCaSi, saqarTveloSi, maqsimum 5 milioniani mosaxleobiT, sul cota _ 1600. katastrofuli maCvenebelia~.

momuSave arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi amboben, quCaSi mcxovreb bavSvTa didi nawili am ukanasknel kategorias miekuTvneba. is, rom sabuTebi ar aqvT, ormag problemas qmnis. arasamTavrobo organizacia World Vision~-is bavSvTa programebis koordinatoris _ Tamar aleqsiZis TqmiT, ramdenadac quCaSi mcxovrebi bavSvebis did nawils ar aqvs dokumentebi, maTi CarTva socialur da saganmanaTleblo servisebSi SeuZlebelia. isini iuridiulad ar arseboben. gaeros bavSvTa komitetis ormocdamerve sxdomaze 2008 wels saqarTvelos, rogorc bavSvTa uflebis dacvis konvenciis xelmomwers,

ibadeba. aqedan iwyeba dokumentaciis ararsebobis problemac. arasamTavrobo organizaciebis socialuri muSakebi cdiloben, quCaSi mcxovreb dokumentaciis armqone bavSvebs maT miRebaSi daexmaron, Tumca, rogorc aRniSnaven, es xangrZlivi da biurokratuli procesia. Cvens dRis centrSi moxvedril bavSvTa umetesobas ar aqvs dokumentebi, ar gaaCnia piradobis mowmobebi. aseT SemTxvevaSi, mivdivarT samSobiaroSi, rom gamoviTxovoT dabadebis damamtkicebeli sabuTi. Semdeg sajaro reestrSi, magram saWiroa mSoblis Tanxlebac, man unda moiTxovos sabuTebi bavSvisTvis. aq ukve meore problema Cndeba _ xSirad mSoblebs ver vpoulobT,~

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ramdenime weli arasamTavrobo organizaciebi donorTa daxmarebiT axorcielebdnen sxvadasxva serviss. mobiluri jgufebi, pirdapir quCebSi muSaobdnen da nel-nela bavSvebTan komunikaciaSi Sediodnen, Sedegad Cndeboda ndoba da ukve am bavSvebis TanxmobiTa da arCevniT gadahyavdaT TavSesafrebSi. aseve arsebobda dRis centrebi, romlebsac reabilitaciis seriozuli funqciebi hqonda. 2009-2010 wlebSi donorTa dafuZnebuli servisebi gadavida saxelmwifo marTvis qveS, anu arasamTavrobo organizaciebi gadavidnen saxelmwifo dafinansebaze. magram saxelmwifom daawesa vauCeruli sistema da mxolod im bavSvebs afinansebs, romlebic socialurad daucvel ojaxs warmoadgenen~, _ hyveba saxalxo damcvelis bavSvebisa da qalTa uflebebis centris xelmZRvaneli ana arRanaSvili. misive TqmiT, bavSvebisTvis Seqmnili centrebi bavSvebis gareSe darCa. am centrebiT sargebloba mxolod siRaribis zRvars qvemoT myofi ojaxebis bavSvebs SeuZliaT, maT, visac dokumentebi wesrigSi aqvT: `magram Tu quCaSi mcxovreb bavSvs ar aqvs ojaxi? an ojaxs ver poulob, an maT dokumentebi ar aqvT?~ _ kiTxvas svams arRanaSvili. dafinansebis wesi cvlilebis gamo bavSvi da garemos organizaciamac gaauqma zogierTi servisi. rac saxelmwifo dafinansebaze gadavediT, resursebis ararsebobis gamo gauqmda mobiluri jgufebi, sadReRamiso centri beRurebi dafinansda 15 bavSvze, dRis centrSi damkvidrda vauCeruli sistema. Sedegad miviReT is, rom dRis centriT sargebloba SeuZliaT mxolod socialurad daucvel bavSvebs,~ _ aRniSnavs nana iaSvili. misive TqmiT, mis centrSi mosuli dokumentaciis armqone bavSvisTvis, romelic Sesabamisad araa CarTuli siRaribis daZlevis programaSi, SeuZlebeli xdeba momsaxurebis gaweva. saWiroa kanonmdeblobaSi cvlilebebi, raTa maTTvis dokumentaciis gacema gamartivdes. arsebobs uamravi ojaxi, romlebic arseboben fizikurad da ar arseboben iuridiulad. am sakiTxis samarTlebrivad mogvarebaze iuristebma unda imsjelon~, _ ambobs iaSvili. dRis centrebis mniSvnelobaze arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi ar kamaToben. aq moxvedril bavSvebs sakvebis garda sxvadasxva aqtivobebsa da wreebSi CarTva SeuZliaT _ cekva, xatva, Teatri, fsoqoTerapiuli jgufebi. ramdenadac aseT centrebs mxolod quCaSi mcxovrebi bavSvebi ar stumroben, Sereuli jgufebi iqmneba, Sedegi ki maTi sxva bavSvebTan integrirebaa. Tumca saxelmwifos mxridan es araa erTaderTi SemTxveva, rodesac zedapiruli da naCqarevi gadawyvetilebis gamo problema mougvarebeli rCeba. SarSan vaxorcielebdiT bavSvTa saxlebis monitorings. aRmoCnda, rom bavSvTa saxlebidan bavSvebi TavianT ojaxebSi daabrunes. rac TavisTavad misasalmebelia, iseve, rogorc mTlianad saxelmwifos deinstitucionalizaciis politika. magram vinaidan es ojaxebi bavSvebis dasabruneblad mzad ar aRmoCndnen, isini isev quCaSi aRmoCndnen. ojaxebs ar eyoT resursebi. amasTan erTad, bavSvis wayvanis Semdeg aRar xorcieldeboda monitoringi. rogorc ojaxebi CvenTan ambobdnen, maT mosTxoves bavSvebis ukanve wayvana, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi mSoblis uflebis SezRudviT daemuqrnen,~ _ ixsenebs arRanaSvili. misive TqmiT, naCqarev reintegracias ver CavTvliT warmatebul procesad, ramdenadac amis paralelurad aucilebelia quCaSi arsebuli bavSvebis raodenobis kontroli da imis garkveva, ojaxSi dabrunebis Semdeg es bavSvebi isev quCaSi xvdebian Tu ara. arasamTavrobo organizaciebSi aRniSnaven, rom quCaSi momuSave bavSvebi xSirad trefikingis msxveplebic xdebian. gogonebs xSirad iZulebiT rTaven prostituciaSi, aiZuleben, imaTxovron. amasTan erTad bevr maTgans ar aqvs mudmivi sacxovrebeli da sezonurad gadaadgildebian. am kriteriumebis mixedviT, bevri maTgani SeiZleba trefikingis msxverplic ki aRmoCndes. Tumca, am etapze saxelmwifo, garkveuli mizezebis gamo, am problemas ar aRiarebs. aman SeiZleba uaryofiTi gavlena iqonios saqarTvelos reitingze trefikingTan brZolaSi da meore mxriv, SeiZleba saxelmwifo ar aris mzad, ar gaaCnia adekvaturi resursi da politika, rom uzrunvelyos intervencia~, _ ambobs `liberalTan" saubrisas organizacia World Vision~-is yofili TanamSromeli Tina bregvaZe. misive TqmiT, mwiria konkretulad quCaSi mcxovrebi da momuSave bavSvebisTvis servisebis raodenoba, viTarebas bavSvebis mier maTi uflebebis arcodna arTulebs. am sakiTxze momuSave TiTqmis yvela organizaciaSi Tanxmdebian, rom saWiroa mobiluri jgufebis arseboba, romlebic quCebSi imuSaveben, moipoveben am bavSvebis ndobas da Seatyobineben maT maTTvis arsebuli servisebis Sesaxeb. es mobiluri jgufebi iqnebian damakavSirebeli rgolebi quCasa da am bavSvebis reabilitaciis safexurs Soris. amasTan, quCidan moyvanil bavSvs servisebis mTeli kompleqsi unda daxvdes misi sruli fsiqosocialuri reabilitaciisaTvis. aseTi servisebic jerjerobiT ar arsebobs. socialuri momsaxurebis saagentoSi amboben, rom quCaSi mcxovreb bavSvTa Sesaxeb politikis SemuSaveba mimdinareobs. ufro konkretuli komentaris mocemisgan jerjerobiT Tavi Seikaves.

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gamqrali Tbilisi
aleqsandre elisaSvili
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23 noembers vardebis revoluciis merve wlisTavze Tbilisze mzrunvelTa gaerTianeba tfilisis hamqarma fond Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos sagamofeno darbazSi gamarTa fotogamofena gamqrali Tbilisi. gamofenaze fotoebis meSveobiT warmovadgineT 2003 wlidan dRemde Tbilisis urbanuli garemodan gamqrali is Senobebi da sivrceebi, romlebic qmnidnen am qalaqis saxes _ mirza Safis quCa, elbaqiZis (mogviteveT sabWouri moxseniebisTvis) daRmarTi, qaSueTis gadaRma jorjaZis quCaze manana orbelianis dangreuli saxli, ugemovnod gadakeTebuli funikulioris asasvleli, urCxuli Senoba pirveli skolis ukan _ es yvelaferi Cvens qalaqSi 2003 wlis noembris Semdeg moxda da damTvalierebelmac swored es ixila Cvens fotogamofenaze. sapanaSvide situacia da ganwyoba iyo da hamqrelebi dardianad vxumrobdiT, WirisuflebiviT davdgeT da momsvlel-moziareTa samZimari gaviziaroT-Tqo. xumroba iqiT iyos da, gamofenil foto-faqtTagan didi nawili ukanonobaze metyvelebs _ mirza Safis istoriuli quCa erT RameSi ise daangries, rom demontaJis nebarTva aravis gaucia; dangreul SenobaTagan erT-erTi saxli (#16) kulturuli memkvidreobis Zegli iyo, misTvis arc statusi mouxsnia vinmes, arc dangrevis nebarTva gaucia. mesame welia, am ukanonobis Sesaxeb prokuraturas dawvrilebiT ecnoba, magram aranairi reagireba ar mohyolia. metismetad gacveTilad JRers, magram unda iTqvas _ urbanul gadawyvetilebebTan dakavSirebiT xelisuflebas marTebs sajaroobisa da dainteresebuli sazogadoebis jerovani CarTulobis uzrunvelyofa, kulturuli memkvidreobis Sesaxeb kanonis pativiscema, sxvagvarad miviRebT imas, rac 23 noembridan erTi kviris manZilze Ria sazogadoeba _ saqarTvelos sagamofeno sivrceSia gamofenili _ Tbilisis istoriuli sivrcidan gamqrali Rirebuli Senobebi, damaxinjebuli urbanuli garemo da mxolod fotoebze SemorCenili qalaqis arqiteqturuli warsuli. droa, es SeCerdes!

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yvelaze didi, didebs Soris

ninia kakabaZis blogi

19 noemberi bavSvTa mimarT Zaladobis prevenciis saerTaSoriso dRe iyo. am dResTan dakavSirebiT, saqarTvelos sazogadoebrivi jandacvis da medicinis ganviTarebis fondma da ilias saxelmwifo universitetma erToblivi Sexvedra-diskusia gamarTes. vidre saubari daiwyeboda, Sexvedraze 7-9 wlis bavSvebis naxatebi da maTTan Catarebuli interviuebis fragmentebi warmoadgines. bavSvebTan urTierTobaSi Cven yovelTvis vuSvebT Secdomebs, rac unda didi iyos bavSvTan mopyrobis Teoriuli codna, praqtika Secdomebis gareSe, faqtobrivad, gardauvalia. isini muclad

yofnis periodidan iReben im emociur informacias, romelsac maTi mSoblebi atareben. Zaladobis 4 forma arsebobs: fsiqologiuri, fizikuri, seqsualuri da ugulebelyofa. is, rom bavSvi fizikuri da seqsualuri Zaladobis msxverpli ar unda gaxdes, mSoblebma deklarirebulad ician, magram bunebrivia arseboben mSoblebi, romlebic fiqroben, rom mkacri xeli da am xelis damsjel iaraRad gamoyeneba swori aRzrdisTvis aucilebelia. am suraTis gamosworebas mSoblis meti ganaTleba sWirdeba, rogorc skolaSi da umaRles saswavlebelSi, ise mediaSi, socialuri reklamebis daxmarebiT.

Sokismomgvreli iyo 8 wlis bavSvis interviu, sadac is cudi movlenebis diferencirebas axdens. `1. arc ise cudia, rodesac deda da mama Cxuboben, xandaxan yvela Cxubobs; 2. cudia, rodesac ar undaT, rom erTmaneTs apation; 3. yvelaze cudia, rodesac ar uyvarT da rodesac ityuebian. rodesac Senc gaiZuleben, ar giyvardes da gaiZuleben, moityuo~.
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imdenad acnobierebs, rom masze saubrobs kidec. gulwrfelad damainteresa garedan Semexeda am patara gogos mSoblebis urTierTobisTvis. iqidan gamomdinare, rom bavSvi aqcents tyuilze akeTebs da ara `usiyvarulobaze~, an dausrulebel konfliqtze _ vfiqrob, mSoblebi am siyvaruls imitireben da gansakuTrebulad avi urTierToba ar aqvT. mdgomareoba gamouvalia. am SemTxvevaSi, ar viciT, ra aris ukeTesi, radgan cxadia, bavSvi ojaxis daSlasac ganicdis. ra erCivna mas, tyuilisTvis eyurebina Tu gancalkevebuli ded-mamisTvis? amaze pasuxi albaT zrdasrulobaSi eqneba, Tumca aravin icis, ramdenad gamarTlebuli. vcodavT maSin, rodesac siyvaruls vTamaSobT da vcodavT maSinac, rodesac am tyuils simarTles vamjobinebT da ojaxs vSliT. mdgomareoba gamouvalia, SemTxvevebi ki _ individualuri. ar arsebobs modeli an recepti, romelsac gamosavlamde an WeSmaritebamde mivyavarT. bavSvTan urTierTobas iqamde vswavlobT, vidre maTTan, rogorc adamianebTan, vurTierTobT. mxolod erTia, yovelTvis unda gvaxsovdes, rom isini xSir SemTxvevaSi zrdasrulebze ufro Wkvianebi da mgrZnobiareni arian. xandaxan vfiqrob, rom Cveni, ufrosebis, mSoblebis SecdomebiT, bavSvi sawyisSive ganwirulia travmebisTvis. arc is vici, rogor moviqceT sworad, an ki romelia swori saqcieli. erTaderTi, rac axla maxsendeba, gasul zafxuls nanaxi Zmebi dardenebis filmia _ `biWi velosipediT~, sadac Cans, rom bavSvi yvelafers xvdeba, bavSvs yvelafris gageba SeuZlia da bavSvi yvelafers gvpatiobs _ is yvelaze didi adamiania did adamianebs Soris.

ar minda, dRes fizikur da seqsualur Zaladobaze visaubro. aranakleb problemuria fsiqologiuri Zaladoba, romelsac socialuri reklamebiT ver avicilebT. masala, romelic sazogadoebrivi jandacvis centrma warmoadgina, rogorc ukve mogaxseneT, ara Teoriul naSromebs, aramed uSualod bavSvebis naxatebsa da maTTan Catarebul interviuebs moicavda. swored am masalis meSveobiT aRiqmeba problema siRrmiseulad. hipermzrunveli mSobeli bavSvisTvis iseTive matravmirebelia, rogorc gulgrili mSobeli, romlisTvisac bavSvi xelisSemSleli subieqtia. xSirad vfiqrobT, rom bavSvi, radganac pataraa, jer verafers xvdeba da ver acnobierebs Tavis Tu mSoblebis problemebs. am masalidan Cans, rom es ase ar aris. magaliTad, erT-erT naxatSi, sadac bavSvi sakuTar ojaxs aRwers, mama Sav tansacmelSi, Semosasvlel karSi, bavSvisgan da dedisgan moSorebiT dgas. fsiqologi naxats Semdegnairad gangvimartavs: `mama Rame, gvian modis saxlSi da radgan bavSvi amas naxatSi gamoxatavs, es imas niSnavs, rom mamis deficits ganicdis~. CemTvis yvelaze Sokismomgvreli 8 wlis bavSvis interviu iyo, sadac is cudi movlenebis diferencirebas axdens. `1. arc ise cudia, rodesac deda da mama Cxuboben, xandaxan yvela Cxubobs; 2. cudia, rodesac ar undaT, rom erTmaneTs apation; 3. yvelaze cudia, rodesac ar uyvarT da rodesac ityuebian. rodesac Senc gaiZuleben, ar giyvardes da gaiZuleben, moityuo~. Cven zedapirulad viciT, rom bavSvi emociurad grZnobs, mis mSoblebs marTla uyvarT erTmaneTi Tu ityuebian, magram CemTvis aRmoCena iyo, rom bavSvi amas

gamoiwereT Jurnali `liberali~

`kavkasiuri saxli~ usaxlod gv. 08

arsebobs Tu ara samoqalaqo sazogadoeba? gv. 08 axali konstitucia gv. 14 / 23 / 26 ledi peilinis xmauri da mZvinvareba gv. 15 ori germania gv. 17 hamarbergis ganaCeni gv. 21 `qarTuli wylis~ ofSoruli saidumlo gv. 28 yalbi yalibi _ qarxnuli ganaTleba gv. 33 `istoriuli simarTlis komisia~ gv. 36 teleiavnana _ reketi uflis saxeliT gv. 39
fasi 2 lari

bagratis taZari mainc aRdgeba gv. 09 gvinda saakaSvili premier-ministrad? gv. 10 axali konstitucia gv. 20 ratom unda vixadoT gadasaxadebi gv. 23 prezidentis `simboluri~ saCuqrebi gv. 25 samxedro kapitani saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg gv. 29 TviTmmarTvelobasTan xelSekruli televiziebi gv. 34 qarTveli xalxi siyalbis winaaRmdeg! gv. 48
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# 42 / agvisto / 2010
# 46 / 4 - 10 oqtomberi / 2010

meqanikuri forToxali
saqvelmoqmedo eqsperimenti mozardebis tvinebze
gv. 12

sad aris opozicia?

gv. 10

miiReT Tqveni Jurnali yovel xuTSabaTs TqvenTvis sasurvel adgilas!

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cota ram kaziolebis Sesaxeb

ramdenime Tvis win erTi amerikuli filmi vnaxe, kargi, cudi, amas mniSvneloba ara aqvs. im filmSi ori Tu sami epizodi skolis win xdeba, sadac, ramdenadac mivxvdi, skolis mierve daqiravebuli personali gakveTilebis Semdeg moswavleebis da maT wasayvanad manqanebiT mosuli mSoblebis mimosvlas aregulirebs. ratom? q a o s i s Tavidan asacileblad. is TiTqmis ukve miviwyebuli filmi dRes, 28 noembers, daaxloebiT dRis ori saaTisken amomitivtivda mexsierebaSi. TbilisSi Tovda. taqsi, romelSic vijeqi saburTalos sasaflaos da universitetis maRlivi korpusisken mimaval gzaze sacobSi iyo gaCxerili, sadRac yofili velotrekis midamoebSi. Tavidan, sanam mZRoli yvelafers amixsnida da mere ukve mec gaverkveodi momxdarSi, megona, rom avaria moxda. sxvanairad im gzaze sacobi ar unda yofiliyo, radganac arc dakrZalvis dRe iyo da arc pikis saaTi, Tumca aseT drosac ki im gzaze sacobi arasdros damxvedria. cudisTvis Sevemzade, magram amasobaSi mZRoli damexmara da yvelafers naTeli mofina, _ ara, es avaria ar iyo, ubralod, im monakveTze arsebul, ar vici romel nomer, s k o l a S i gakveTilebi damTavrda da mSoblebma Svilebs manqanebiT moakiTxes. `amaTi dedebi vatire yvelasi~, amoiymuvla Cemma mZRolma, _ `raRa am dros vxvdebi xolme aq, kaco, bedi ar ginda?~ ra Tqma unda, SevekiTxe, ase ratom brazob-meTqi. skolasTan axlos rom mivalT, mixvdebio, mipasuxa. mivxvdi da is amerikuli filmic imitom gamaxsenda da es teqstic imitom iwereba. mokled, warmoidgineT, rom me var manqaniani mSobeli da Svils skolaSi mivakiTxe saxlSi wasayva-

kaxa Tolordava
Jurnalisti

nad. Cems win Tavisufali, gazizinebuli gzaa; Tu iqauroba ukve gadatvirTulia da gzis pirze ver movaxerxeb gaCerebas, Tavisuflad SemiZlia win waviwio da araferi moxdeba, Tu Cems Svils oci-ocdaaTi metris gavla mouwevs manqanaSi Casajdomad (Tanac Tu es ukve SeTanxmebuli meqneba SvilTan, rom ar meZebos). amis magivrad, ai, rogor viqcevi _ manqanas saswrafod vaye-

neb ukve erT rigad Camwkrivebuli manqanebis gaswvriv da vqmni meore (Tu meore rigi ukve arsebobs, mesame an meoTxe) rigis SesaZleblobas. ra Tqma unda, motors vrTav da radganac oci wuTiT adre movedi, Jurnals an gazeTs mainc gadavSli, drom swrafad rom gairbinos. mTavaria, rom adgili davikave da Svilic advilad SemamCnevs. ra Tqma unda, cota xnis Semdeg vamCnev momatebuli manqanebis ricxvs da pipinis xmac lamis autaneli xdeba, magram es me ar mexeba, Tanac Zalianac rom mindodes, veRarsad waval, radganac ukve garSemortymuli var sxva mSoblebis manqanebiT. meore mxriv, wasasvlelis meti raa, win minimum samasi metri carieli gzaa gaWimuli, magram me aq vamjobineb gaCerebas, radganac ar minda, rom Cemma isedac daRlilma (albaT, ufro swavlisgan) Svilma gakveTilebis Semdeg kidev fexiT iaros. mere ki isic gamoCndeba. me manqanidan gadmovdivar da xels vuqnev, mere ki, rawams is manqanaSi jdeba, imis magivrad rom win wavide da sadme naklebad gadatvirTul adgilas movtrialde, i q v e, a d g i l z e v e viwyeb manqanis motrialebas. aseve iqceva y v e l a iq myofi manqaniani mSobeli. `yvela skolasTan ase xdeba~, _ meubneba mZRoli, mere ki isev win iyureba da yvirils iwyebs, _ `Tqve kaziolebo! Tqve kaziolebo! evropaSi gindaT, ara?~

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