Machine learning
• Machine learning is a form of AI that
enables a system to learn from data
rather than through explicit
programming. However, machine
learning is not a simple process. (R.,
Willi. dan P., C., Luis, 2013)
• Machine learning adalah bidang ilmu
komputer yang fokus pada pengembangan
teknik yang memungkinkan sistem untuk
belajar dari data.
• Machine learning adalah proses di mana
komputer belajar dari pengalaman, dan
menggunakan pengalaman tersebut untuk
meningkatkan kinerjanya dalam tugas-tugas
tertentu.
• Machine learning adalah teknik di mana
komputer menggunakan algoritma untuk
belajar dari data, mengidentifikasi pola, dan
membuat keputusan atau prediksi tanpa
intervensi manusia.
Machine learning[2]
• Machine learning is inherently a
multidisciplinary field. It draws on results
from artificial intelligence, probability and
statistics, computational complexity theory,
control theory, information theory,
philosophy, psychology, neurobiology, and
other fields.
• A computer program is said to learn from
experience E with respect to some class of
tasks T and performance measure P, if its
performance at tasks in T, as measured by
P, improves with experience E. (M., M., Tom,
1997)
Machine learning[3]
• Machine Learning is the field of study
that gives computers the ability to
learn without being explicitly
programmed (L., S., Arthur, 1959)
Machine learning[4]
• Machine learning is a method of data
analysis that automates analytical
model building. It is a branch of
artificial intelligence based on the
idea that systems can learn from
data, identify patterns and make
decisions with minimal human
intervention.
Type of
Machine
Learning
How machine learn ?
Machine
Learning
Supervised Unsupervised Reinforcement
Learning Learning Learning
Supervised Learning
• A supervised machine learning model
is one that has a teacher which trains
the model using a dataset with
labeled training data.
Types of Supervised Learning
• Regression: It is a
type of problem where
the output variable is
a real value, such as
“dollars” or “weight”.
• Classification: It is a
type of problem where
the output variable is
a category, such as
“red” or “blue” or
“disease” and “no
disease”.
Unsupervised Learning
• Unsupervised Learning is a machine
learning technique in which the users
do not need to supervise the model.
Instead, it allows the model to work
on its own to discover patterns and
information that was previously
undetected. It mainly deals with the
unlabelled data.
Reinforcement learning
• Reinforcement learning is the type of
learning methodology where its give
of feedback to the algorithm to learn
from and improve future results.
Application
• Financial Services • Marketing online
• Oil and Gas • Energy
• Government • Travel and Tourism
• Retail • Human Resource
• Education • Research
• Agriculture • Etc
Data Collection
Data Cleaning and
Pre-Processing
Model Selection
Model Training
Machine Learning Process
Model Validation
Tuning and
Optimization
Model Deployment
Performance
Evaluation
Machine Learning Process
Machine Learning (Big Data) Process
Step Step Step Step
Gathering raw Converting data Gathering Becoming
data or into information: knowledge from intelligent to
experience : Tahap information:
make
pembersihan Tahap decision:
Tahap data, pemilihan
Pengumpulan normalisasi, dan model dan Tahap prediksi
Data sebagai ekstraksi fitur pelatihan (pengujian
bahan dasar untuk membuat model untuk model serta
untuk data lebih siap memperoleh evaluasi)
pembelajaran. untuk analisis pengetahuan model.
(komputasi). dari data.
Machine Learning Phases
• Data acquisition: images, numerical data,
existing databases, etc. Large amounts of data
are required.
• Creation of the dataset from the data
obtained. For the creation of the dataset it is
necessary to carry out the labeling of all the
data (supervised learning). Usually this task is
done manually and is quite tedious.
• Model training. The model is trained with part
of the data from the dataset.
• Evaluation of the model. To obtain the
behavior of the model, it is evaluated with new
data that have not been used during training.
Evaluation Metrics For Regression
Confusion matrix adalah tabel Presisi (Precision): Persentase prediksi positif
yang digunakan dalam evaluasi yang benar dari total prediksi positif yang
kinerja model klasifikasi, yang dilakukan oleh model.
menunjukkan jumlah prediksi
yang benar dan salah dari model ROC Curve dan Area
di setiap kelas. Under Curve (AUC):
Kurva ROC adalah
grafik yang
menunjukkan
kinerja model pada
berbagai nilai
F1-Score adalah ambang. AUC
rata-rata harmonik adalah area di
dari presisi dan bawah kurva ROC
recall. Ini (untuk klasifikasi
memberikan biner).
keseimbangan
antara presisi dan
recall, dan berguna Recall (Recall): Persentase instance
ketika kelas target positif yang diidentifikasi dengan
tidak seimbang. benar oleh model dari total instance
positif yang ada.
Key Features
• Datasets: A dataset is a collection of data
points or samples. Each data point might be
a number, image, word, audio file, or video.
Datasets are used to train machine learning
models.
• Features: Features are data points that are
the solution to the task and teach machine
learning models what they’re looking for.
• Algorithms: The algorithm is the process
or set of rules the machine learning model
uses to parse data and find a conclusion or
answer.
Machine Learning vs
Statistical
• In machine learning, a target is
called a label.
• In statistics, a target is called a
dependent variable.
• A variable in statistics is called a
feature in machine learning.
• A transformation in statistics is called
feature creation in machine learning.
Key Differences
• AI, machine learning, and deep learning are all part
of the same subject, but it’s important to understand
the distinct differences.
• AI is the overarching term for algorithms that
examine data to find patterns and solutions. Artificial
intelligence resembles the human ability to problem
solve. Most AI projects use either machine learning or
deep learning.
• Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence
that uses data and an algorithm to solve one or more
problems.
• Deep learning is an advanced type of machine
learning that uses neural networks to learn and make
predictions using unstructured data.
Good Machine Learning
• Data preparation capabilities.
• Algorithms – basic and advanced.
• Automation and iterative processes.
• Scalability.
• Ensemble modeling.
