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IBDP Biology - Questions

The document describes an experiment using dialysis bags to observe the effects of solute concentration changes on cells, specifically noting that the mass of the bag remains unchanged in isotonic conditions but decreases in hypertonic conditions after the addition of albumin. It also discusses the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in cells, explaining that while a cell can function temporarily without the ER, it cannot synthesize new ER, as organelles typically derive from pre-existing ones. The document concludes with an explanation of organelle synthesis and the exceptions of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

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345 views3 pages

IBDP Biology - Questions

The document describes an experiment using dialysis bags to observe the effects of solute concentration changes on cells, specifically noting that the mass of the bag remains unchanged in isotonic conditions but decreases in hypertonic conditions after the addition of albumin. It also discusses the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in cells, explaining that while a cell can function temporarily without the ER, it cannot synthesize new ER, as organelles typically derive from pre-existing ones. The document concludes with an explanation of organelle synthesis and the exceptions of mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Uploaded by

debjani.bhattacharya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Question

Figure 1

A student is using dialysis bags to model the effects of changing solute


concentrations on cells. The student places one dialysis bag that
contains 25 mL

of distilled water into each of two beakers that are filled with 200 mL of
distilled water. (Figure 1). The membrane of each dialysis bag membrane
contains pores that allow small solutes such as monoatomic ions to pass
through but are too small for anything larger to pass. After 30 minutes, 5
mL

of a concentrated solution of albumin (a medium-sized, water-soluble


protein) is added to one of the two beakers. Nothing is added to the other
beaker. After two more hours at room temperature, the mass of each bag
is determined. There is no change in the mass of the dialysis bag in the
beaker to which no albumin was added.

Which of the graphs below best represents the predicted change in mass
over time of the dialysis bag in the beaker to which albumin was added?

A.
B.

C.

D.
Answer/Explanation The graph indicates no change in the mass of
the dialysis bag for the first 30 minutes in an isotonic
environment and then shows a decrease in mass when the
environment became hypertonic with the addition of albumin.

Question

If the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is completely removed from a cell, the


cell can function normally for a short time but is unable to
synthesize new ER during this time. Which of the following is the most
likely explanation for this phenomenon?
(A) The genes for ER synthesis are present in the ER.
(B) The ER is not an obligatory organelle in most cells.
(C) The genes for ER synthesis are irreversibly turned off once cell
development is complete.
(D) The information required to construct the ER does not reside
exclusively in the DNA.

Answer/Explanation

Most membrane-bound organelles can only be synthesized from


“pieces” of membrane-bound organelle. During cytokinesis, the
endomembrane system (including the golgi and ER) is divided up into
daughter cells. These fragments of membrane are used to construct new
membrane. The mitochondria and chloroplast are important exceptions.
These organelles are capable of semi-autonomous replication within cells
(they used to be free-living prokaryotes). Still, organelles come from pre-
existing organelles in some form.

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