AHMED MOHAMED HEDIHED
Project Managements | MTE 200
SUBMITTED TO: DR. SHAIMAA HELAL.
What Is Project Integration Management?
− Project integration management is the coordination of all elements of a
project. This includes coordinating tasks, resources, stakeholders, and any
other project elements, in addition to managing conflicts between different
aspects of a project, making trade-offs between competing requests, and
evaluating resources. One example would be if a project is not on track, you
may need to choose between going over budget or finishing the project late.
Assessing the situation and making an informed decision is a key part of
project integration management. Integrated project management ensures
projects are not managed in isolation. It takes into account not only how
aspects of your project relate to each other but also how other parts of the
organization relate to your project. Project integration management is one
of the ten key knowledge areas in the PMBOK (Project Management Book
of Knowledge). It’s considered a critical success factor for project managers
and their projects.
Why is project integration management so important?
Projects are complex, with a lot of different parts that need to be managed. For
example, a project manager needs to oversee all the following:
• Schedule
• Cost
• Scope
• Quality
• Resources
• Risks
• Changes
• Stakeholders
Keeping track of everything and knowing how one factor impacts the others can be
very challenging. However, if it is not done properly, it can lead to project failure.
For example, if you don’t understand how a scope change will impact your
schedule, costs, and resource requirements, how do you manage the change?
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It increases the chances of not having the people you need, going over budget,
delivering your project late, or all three.
Decisions about your project can also impact other projects and other areas of the
business. For example, what if you suddenly need a software developer to work on
your project for another month? Without integration management throughout the
organization, it can be hard to see how this impacts the business. Is that resource
supposed to be on another project at the same time? Are they supposed to be
covering someone’s vacation during that period? Without integration
management, it’s difficult to identify conflicts in advance and know how to resolve
them.
Seven processes of project integration management:
Seven processes should be followed for successful project integration management.
These are:
• Develop the project charter.
• Develop the project management plan.
• Direct and manage project work.
• Manage project knowledge.
• Monitor and control project work.
• Perform integrated change control.
• Close the project (or project phase)
• These integration management processes occur throughout the entire
project lifecycle. This is because managing project integration is an ongoing
task that needs to happen continuously.
The ‘manage project knowledge’ step is a new addition to the PMBOK as of the
sixth edition, released in September 2017. It was added to address the importance
of using information and knowledge to make well-informed decisions. Doing a
thorough analysis to understand the impacts of decisions across the whole project
is key to project success.
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How to succeed at project integration management:
Because integration management requires the ability to evaluate resources, make
trade-offs and dealing with competing activities, project managers need to have a
combination of soft skills and hard skills. These include the following:
• Planning
• Organization
• Communication
• Leadership
• Relationship management
• Critical thinking ability
• Data analysis
• Impact assessments
• Scheduling
• Budgeting
• Change management.
• Risk management
It’s important to build open communication channels with the project team
and stakeholders to ensure information is shared, and proper impact
assessments are done to identify points of integration or dependencies. Using
integration management software or tools can also increase your project’s
chances of success. This is because you can use systems to help you identify
integration points and conflicts.
What the Capability Maturity Model Integration says?
Integrate the project plan and the
other plans that affect the project
to describe the project’s defined
process.
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Plans Must be Aligned and Consistent:
What is an Integrated Product Development Process?
• A readily accessible collection of common processes, tools, and enablers
– The processes and sub-processes used throughout the organization
to design, test, build, deliver, and support products.
• A support infrastructure necessary to deploy, maintain, measure, and
improve these processes and tools.
• When tailored to satisfy specific program objectives, this defines the way
the organization plans, captures, executes and measures product
development programs.
The Integrated Product Development Process is the common language of the
organization.
Three Steps to Successful Implementation of IPDP?
1. Develop the Integrated Process Model
➢ Must be done by practitioners, not just by “process experts.”
2. Deploy the Integrated Process
➢ The most common source of failure
➢ Requires genuine management commitment.
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3. Improve the Integrated Process
➢ Because it will be far from perfect when first deployed.
Management Commitment, Teamwork, Tailoring and Effective Training are
Essential to Success.
What are the processes involved in Project Integration
Management?
There are seven project processes involved in project integration management that
runs throughout the project life cycle in all the phases. The coordination between
the resources, stakeholders, and other project elements that ensure to execute the
project end to end successfully is Project Integration Management. It is very
important because project success highly depends on integration management in
terms of schedule, cost, quality, scope, risks, etc. The seven processes are:
The develop project charter process is a document that is prepared in the initiation
phase to formally authorize the existence of the project. In this process, the
document is prepared and given to the authoritative project manager to use the
resources required for the project.
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The project charter is a key element that describes the whole project in brief. The
project charter generally includes the objective of the project, stakeholders,
requirements, high-level assumptions, and constraints, etc.
The process of combining all the project plans and sub-plans into a single
integrated plan. It is one of the most crucial processes of project management.
Project success is dependent on the project management plan. The authoritative
head to plan project management is the project manager.
This document is approved and signed by authorized stakeholders.
In this process, the project work activities are directed and managed while
executing. This refers to the term “leading and controlling” the assigned project
activities. The key outputs of this process are final deliverables and change
requests for the project work.
The main objective of this process is to improve the project process using existing
knowledge and creating new knowledge. The knowledge created is used for further
processes and future projects. The continuing knowledge gain and utilizing the
existing knowledge is the main objective of the project.
Monitoring and controlling project work refers to continuous tracking, reviewing,
and reporting the project progress status to achieve the required target of the
project work activities.
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The performances of each assigned resource are monitored and controlled. The
document is prepared regarding the issue and the improvement possible.
The perform integrated change control process includes reviewing all the change
requests and managing them effectively from all the working departments. The
document is prepared for approval of any change requests.
The change requests are approved when there is not much impact on scope, time,
and cost of the project. The change requests can be project deliverables, project
plan or project assets.
This process refers to closing the project activities by finalizing all the deliverables
of project activities and the documents related to closing the project or phase is
prepared by the project manager. In this process, the resources are released to
work for other projects.
Thanks.
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