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DFA Minimization

The document outlines the step-by-step process of minimizing a given DFA with states A, B, C, and D, and an alphabet of {0, 1}. It details the partitioning of states into accepting and non-accepting groups, refining those groups based on transitions, and ultimately constructing a minimized DFA with three states: Q1, Q2, and Q3. The final minimized DFA retains the accepting behavior while eliminating redundancy.

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LAKSHMI DEEPAK SAI MEDISETTI
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112 views3 pages

DFA Minimization

The document outlines the step-by-step process of minimizing a given DFA with states A, B, C, and D, and an alphabet of {0, 1}. It details the partitioning of states into accepting and non-accepting groups, refining those groups based on transitions, and ultimately constructing a minimized DFA with three states: Q1, Q2, and Q3. The final minimized DFA retains the accepting behavior while eliminating redundancy.

Uploaded by

LAKSHMI DEEPAK SAI MEDISETTI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

DFA Minimization – Complete Step-by-Step Solution

Given DFA:

• States: {A, B, C, D}

• Alphabet: {0, 1}

• Accepting States: {C, D}

• Transitions:

Current State Input 0 Input 1

A B C

B C D

C B C

D B C

Step 1: Initial Partition (Accepting vs Non-Accepting)

We first divide the states based on whether they are accepting or not:

• Group 1: Accepting → {C, D}

• Group 2: Non-Accepting → {A, B}

Step 2: Refine Partitions

Examine Group 1: {C, D}

We check whether C and D transition to the same group under both inputs:

• C:

o 0 → B (Group 2)

o 1 → C (Group 1)

• D:

o 0 → B (Group 2)

o 1 → C (Group 1)

Since both transitions are identical → C and D are equivalent, remain in the same group.

Examine Group 2: {A, B}

• A:
o 0 → B (Group 2)

o 1 → C (Group 1)

• B:

o 0 → C (Group 1)

o 1 → D (Group 1)

→ Transitions differ:

• A goes to Group 2 on 0, Group 1 on 1

• B goes to Group 1 on both inputs

Therefore, A and B are not equivalent, split the group.

Step 3: Final Groups

So we have the following partitions:

1. [A]

2. [B]

3. [C, D]

Step 4: Construct Minimized DFA

New States (Partitions):


Let’s name them for simplicity:

• Q1 = [A]

• Q2 = [B]

• Q3 = [C, D] (Accepting)

Transitions:

From Q1 ([A]):

• 0 → B → Q2

• 1 → C → Q3

From Q2 ([B]):

• 0 → C → Q3

• 1 → D → Q3

From Q3 ([C, D]):

• 0 → B → Q2
• 1 → C → Q3

Final Minimized DFA:

State Input 0 Input 1 Accepting

Q1 Q2 Q3 No

Q2 Q3 Q3 No

Q3 Q2 Q3 Yes

Answer: There are THREE states in the minimized DFA.

Correct Option: (3) THREE

Conclusion

Minimizing the given DFA by identifying and merging equivalent states leads to 3 states. The
accepting behavior is preserved while reducing redundancy. The key factors in minimization are
equivalent behavior under all inputs and careful partition refinement.

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