OUTLINE/SCRIPT
Introduction
Step 1: Present a broken pencil image to the class. Then ask the class:
"Guys! We have a problem. We have a broken pencil! Let’s figure out why did the pencil break? What
could be the cause?"
Step 2: Write down their answers on the board:
Maybe it was cheap quality (Materials)
Maybe I pressed too hard (Method)
Maybe the surface was rough (Environment)
Maybe it’s been used too much (Manpower/Usage)
Step 3: Reveal:
"What we just did was create the beginnings of an Ishikawa Diagram—also known as a Fishbone
Diagram. It helps us analyze the root causes of a problem by sorting possible reasons into categories. It's
like solving a mystery!”
Who is Ishikawa: The Ishikawa diagram was developed by Kaoru Ishikawa during the 1960s as a way of
measuring quality control processes in the shipbuilding industry.
Fishbone or Ishikawa Diagram: An Ishikawa diagram is a diagram that shows the causes of an event
and is often used in manufacturing and product development to outline the different steps in a process,
demonstrate where quality control issues might arise, and determine which resources are required at
specific times.
Types of Ishikawa Diagrams:
The 6 M's Ishikawa Diagram
Each of the "bones" or "ribs" in a classic Ishikawa diagram represents an issue relevant to
quality control, and may be described by the six "M"s, where failures or potential failures can be
identified and rectified.
The 3 M's Ishikawa Diagram
A simple variation to the 6 M's Ishikawa diagram is the 3 M's diagram. In this variation, only
"man", "machine", and "materials" are used. This may be more commonly seen in
manufacturing processes that may experience less interaction with mother nature or processes
that do not need constant measuring or refinement.
The 8 P's Ishikawa Diagram
Similar to the classic 6P diagram, a variation organizations information into eight different
categories
The 4 S's Ishikawa Diagram
The 4S Ishikawa diagram has less bones or ribs, as it only breaks categories into four
components. This diagram is more suited for the service industry as it omits categories that
would be more helpful when contemplating a product or manufacturing process.
Purpose: The purpose of the Ishikawa diagram is to allow management to determine which issues have
to be addressed in order to gain or avoid a particular event.
Structure (SHANE)
Benefits (SHANE)
Advantages (FLORENCE)
Disadvantages (FLORENCE)
How to Make a Fishbone Diagram (CHIONG)
Example (BELLE)
Takeaways (EACH MEMBER)
Game
Quiz
GAME QUESTIONS
Common Knowledge or Trivia Questions about Fishes
Instructions:
1. We need _ groups to participate and join the game.
1. Each group must choose one representative.
2. We will ask a series of fish-related trivia or common knowledge questions.
3. The first to raise their hand gets the chance to answer.
4. If the answer is correct, your group earns a point.
5. If the answer is wrong, other groups can still raise their hand to try.
Winning Group Gets:
- Bonus points added to your quiz score!
- An exciting, delicious prize to enjoy—so stay sharp and think fast!
Prize
-5 Canned Century Tuna/Sardines
Questions:
What is the largest species of fish in the world?
● Answer: Whale shark
What is the fastest fish in the ocean?
● Answer: Sailfish (can swim up to 68 mph / 110 km/h)
What fish can produce an electric shock strong enough to stun prey?
● Answer: Electric eel
Which fish inflates itself into a spiky ball when threatened?
● Answer: Pufferfish (or blowfish).
What deep-sea fish has a bioluminescent lure on its head to attract prey?
● Answer: Anglerfish.
Which fish can change its gender during its lifetime?
● Answer: Clownfish
Which fish is a symbol of good luck in Japanese culture?
● Answer: Koi fish.
How do fish breathe underwater?
● Answer: Through gills
What’s the difference between a fish and a dolphin?
● Answer: Dolphins are mammals, not fish.
Which fish is famous for its ability to camouflage with the ocean floor?
● Answer: Flounder or Cuttlefish
What is a group of fish called?
● Answer: A school (or shoal) of fish!
What percentage of Earth’s surface is covered by oceans?
● Answer: ~71%
Which ocean is the largest on Earth?
● Answer: Pacific Ocean
Which ocean is the saltiest?
● Answer: Atlantic Ocean
Which ocean predator can detect a drop of blood in 25 gallons of water?
● Answer: Great White Shark
What causes the ocean’s tides?
● Answer: The Moon’s gravitational pull
Where is the “Ring of Fire” located?
● Answer: The Pacific Ocean (zone of frequent earthquakes/volcanoes)
How much of the ocean remains unexplored?
● Answer: ~80%
Which ocean is named after a country?
● Answer: Indian Ocean
In the movie Finding Nemo, What kind of fish is Nemo?
● Answer: Clownfish (Amphiprioninae)
In the movie Finding Nemo, What does Dory suffer from?
● Answer: Short-term memory loss
In the song "Baby Shark," which family member is sung about right after Baby Shark?
● Mommy Shark
½ CROSSWISE PAPER
CBMEC GROUP 4 QUIZ
Name:
Schedule:
Date:
Perfect Score: 15
Multiple Choice Questions (Encircle)
1. Who developed the Fishbone Diagram?
a) W. Edwards Deming
b) Joseph Juran
c) Kaoru Ishikawa
d) Philip Crosby
2. Which of the following is NOT one of the 6Ms in the Fishbone Diagram?
a) Manpower
b) Measurement
c) Motivation
d) Mother Nature
3. What is the primary purpose of a Fishbone Diagram?
a) To track project timelines
b) To identify root causes of a problem
c) To compare different solutions
d) To measure customer satisfaction
4. Which of the following is a disadvantage of the Fishbone Diagram?
a) It clearly prioritizes causes by severity
b) It can show complex interrelationships easily
c) It may lead to subjective interpretations
d) It is difficult to implement
5. Which sequence correctly arranges the steps for creating a Fishbone Diagram?
I. Brainstorm Sub-Causes
II. Take Action
III. Identify the Problem
IV. Review and Update
V. Draw the Backbone
VI. Determine Cause Categories
VII. Analyze Causes
VIII. Draw Branches
a) III., V., I., VI., VIII., VII., II., IV
b) III., VI., V., VIII., I., VII., IV., II
c) III., V., VI., VIII., I., VII., II., IV
d) V., III., VIII., VI., I., II., VII., IV
Identification Questions
1. This term refers to the smaller branches in a Fishbone Diagram that further break down root causes.
- Secondary Causes
2. This component of the Fishbone Diagram is placed at the "head" and represents the main issue being
analyzed.
- Problem/Effect
3. Name one common category used in the Fishbone Diagram for service industries (specifically in the
4Ps).
- Any one of these is acceptable: People, Process, Policy, or Place
4. What is the alternate name for the Fishbone Diagram?
- Ishikawa/Cause and Effect Diagram
5. What is a key benefit of using a Fishbone Diagram?
- Any one of these is acceptable:
● Visual Organization
● Encourages Collaboration
● Comprehensive Analysis
● Improves Problem Understanding
● Identifies Root Causes
Problem Solving
Scenario: A school cafeteria has received complaints about long waiting times during lunch breaks.
Task: Create a Fishbone Diagram to analyze the possible causes. Use four categories (People, Process,
Equipment, Environment) and list three potential sub-causes under each, using the choices provided in
the box.
Poor queue management Overcrowding Small dining area
Broken trays Slow payment machines Lack of pre-prepared meals
Untrained workers Inefficient food system Limited serving counters
Insufficient staff Poor layout Slow cashiers
Answer Structure:
- Problem: Long waiting times in the cafeteria
- Categories & Sub-Causes:
- People: Insufficient staff, untrained workers, slow cashiers
- Process: Inefficient food serving system, lack of pre-prepared meals, poor queue management
- Equipment: Broken trays, slow payment machines, limited serving counters
- Environment: Small dining area, poor layout, overcrowding
