Features of management

Q1. Which of the following is the primary feature of management?

A. Goal-Oriented
B. One-time process
C. Purely financial activity
D. Tangible in nature
✅ Answer: A. Goal-Oriented

Q2. Management is goal-oriented because it focuses on:

A. Maintaining routine work only
B. Achieving profitability, growth, or customer satisfaction
C. Avoiding responsibility
D. Eliminating teamwork
✅ Answer: B. Achieving profitability, growth, or customer satisfaction

Q3. Why is management considered universal?

A. It applies only to large organizations
B. It applies to all types of organizations regardless of size or nature
C. It is restricted to NGOs
D. It is only for business firms
✅ Answer: B. It applies to all types of organizations regardless of size or
nature

Q4. Which type of organizations use management principles?

A. Only businesses
B. Only schools and NGOs
C. Business, government, schools, NGOs – all types
D. None of these
✅ Answer: C. Business, government, schools, NGOs – all types

Q5. Management is called a continuous process because:

A. It happens only once in the beginning
B. It is repeated only annually
C. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling occur in a cycle
D. It stops after goals are achieved
✅ Answer: C. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling occur in a cycle

Q6. Which of the following is NOT true about the continuity of management?
A. It is an ongoing activity
B. It never ends as long as the organization exists
C. It is a one-time effort
D. It involves repeated decision-making
✅ Answer: C. It is a one-time effort
Q7. Management is called multidimensional because it involves managing:
A. Only finances
B. People, work, and operations
C. Only marketing activities
D. Only technology
✅ Answer: B. People, work, and operations

Q8. In management, “managing people” refers to:

A. Handling machines
B. Supervising human resources
C. Controlling finance only
D. Ignoring teamwork
✅ Answer: B. Supervising human resources

Q9. In management, “managing operations” refers to:

A. Human behavior
B. Physical and financial resources
C. Only decision-making
D. Only motivation of employees
✅ Answer: B. Physical and financial resources

Q10. Management is considered a group activity because:

A. Managers work alone
B. It emphasizes teamwork and coordination to achieve goals
C. It does not involve employees
D. It ignores communication
✅ Answer: B. It emphasizes teamwork and coordination to achieve goals

Q11. Which feature of management highlights teamwork?

A. Intangible
B. Goal-Oriented
C. Group Activity
D. Decision-Making
✅ Answer: C. Group Activity

Q12. Which feature of management makes it adapt to changing environment?

A. Dynamic function
B. Tangible nature
C. Stability
D. Equity
✅ Answer: A. Dynamic function

Q13. Which of the following changes require management to be dynamic?

A. Market trends
B. Technology
C. Laws and competition
D. All of these
✅ Answer: D. All of these

Q14. Management is intangible because:

A. It has no effect on results
B. It cannot be physically seen but is felt through outcomes
C. It is not required in organizations
D. It exists only in books
✅ Answer: B. It cannot be physically seen but is felt through outcomes

Q15. The presence of good management is felt through:

A. Confusion in operations
B. Effective results and smooth functioning
C. Lack of discipline
D. Employee dissatisfaction
✅ Answer: B. Effective results and smooth functioning

Q16. Why is management considered a science?

A. It is purely based on creativity
B. It uses principles, theories, and data
C. It ignores logic
D. It avoids planning
✅ Answer: B. It uses principles, theories, and data

Q17. Why is management considered an art?

A. It requires only calculations
B. It requires creativity, intuition, and people skills
C. It avoids innovation
D. It is not people-oriented
✅ Answer: B. It requires creativity, intuition, and people skills

Q18. Which feature of management involves constant evaluation of alternatives?

A. Intangible
B. Decision-Making
C. Group Activity
D. Stability
✅ Answer: B. Decision-Making

Q19. Decision-making in management is based on:

A. Random choice
B. Personal bias
C. Analysis, forecasts, and evaluation of alternatives
D. Only employee wishes
✅ Answer: C. Analysis, forecasts, and evaluation of alternatives
Q20. Efficiency in management means:
A. Achieving goals regardless of waste
B. Doing things right with minimum resources
C. Doing the wrong things quickly
D. Using maximum time and cost
✅ Answer: B. Doing things right with minimum resources

Q21. Effectiveness in management means:

A. Doing the right things to achieve goals
B. Doing unnecessary tasks
C. Ignoring results
D. Doing things incorrectly but quickly
✅ Answer: A. Doing the right things to achieve goals

Q22. Which feature of management deals with both efficiency and effectiveness?
A. Dynamic function
B. Intangible
C. Goal-Oriented
D. Decision-Making
✅ Answer: C. Goal-Oriented

Q23. Which feature of management highlights that it cannot be touched or measured

directly?
A. Intangible
B. Universal
C. Continuous process
D. Multidimensional
✅ Answer: A. Intangible

Q24. Which of the following is an example of “management as an art”?

A. Budgeting
B. Forecasting
C. Motivating employees
D. Using data for decision-making
✅ Answer: C. Motivating employees

Q25. Which of the following is an example of “management as a science”?

A. Inspiring people through speeches
B. Developing creative advertising ideas
C. Planning based on data and theories
D. Handling conflicts with emotions
✅ Answer: C. Planning based on data and theories

Q26. Why is management said to be goal-oriented and not random?

A. It works without objectives
B. It always focuses on specific objectives like profitability, growth, or satisfaction
C. It does not care about outcomes
D. It is only about routine work
✅ Answer: B. It always focuses on specific objectives like profitability,
growth, or satisfaction

Q27. Which feature of management ensures coordination among employees?

A. Group Activity
B. Efficiency
C. Intangible
D. Science
✅ Answer: A. Group Activity

Q28. Which feature of management relates to adapting to new technology and

trends?
A. Dynamic function
B. Intangible
C. Efficiency
D. Effectiveness
✅ Answer: A. Dynamic function

Q29. Which feature of management emphasizes minimum use of resources?

A. Intangible
B. Efficiency
C. Effectiveness
D. Group Activity
✅ Answer: B. Efficiency

Q30. Which feature of management emphasizes achieving desired goals?

A. Effectiveness
B. Efficiency
C. Tangibility
D. Stability
✅ Answer: A. Effectiveness

Significance of Management

Q1. The primary significance of management is:

A. Achieving organizational goals
B. Avoiding employee coordination
C. Increasing employee turnover
D. Reducing innovation
✅ Answer: A. Achieving organizational goals

Q2. Management aligns:

A. Only finances
B. Only technology
C. Efforts and resources toward common objectives
D. Customers with competitors
✅ Answer: C. Efforts and resources toward common objectives

Q3. Which of the following ensures goal setting, planning, and execution?
A. Management
B. Technology
C. Environment
D. Government rules
✅ Answer: A. Management

Q4. Management improves efficiency by:

A. Wasting resources
B. Encouraging wastage of time and money
C. Reducing wastage and optimizing inputs
D. Focusing only on profits
✅ Answer: C. Reducing wastage and optimizing inputs

Q5. Optimal use of inputs for maximum output is called:

A. Profit maximization
B. Efficiency
C. Effectiveness
D. Goal-setting
✅ Answer: B. Efficiency

Q6. Management creates a dynamic organization by:

A. Resisting changes
B. Adapting to changes in market, technology, and laws
C. Ignoring customer demands
D. Avoiding innovation
✅ Answer: B. Adapting to changes in market, technology, and laws

Q7. Which of the following promotes innovation and flexibility in an organization?

A. Employee turnover
B. Management
C. Strict routine work
D. Ignoring market trends
✅ Answer: B. Management

Q8. Management develops human capital by:

A. Focusing only on machines
B. Training, motivating, and leading employees
C. Ignoring employee growth
D. Reducing communication
✅ Answer: B. Training, motivating, and leading employees

Q9. Which of the following encourages teamwork, communication, and

development?
A. Management
B. Technology
C. Rules and regulations
D. Environment
✅ Answer: A. Management

Q10. Better coordination in management means:

A. Harmonizing efforts across departments
B. Creating confusion in roles
C. Assigning unclear responsibilities
D. Ignoring communication
✅ Answer: A. Harmonizing efforts across departments

Q11. Which of the following is ensured by management for coordination?

A. Clarity in roles and responsibilities
B. Conflicts between teams
C. Lack of communication
D. Misuse of resources
✅ Answer: A. Clarity in roles and responsibilities

Q12. Innovation is encouraged in management by:

A. Promoting creativity and problem-solving
B. Avoiding new ideas
C. Ignoring opportunities
D. Reducing employee freedom
✅ Answer: A. Promoting creativity and problem-solving

Q13. Which of the following helps in identifying new opportunities and solutions?
A. Innovation in management
B. Lack of teamwork
C. Ignoring customer needs
D. Resisting market change
✅ Answer: A. Innovation in management

Q14. Decision-making in management is supported by:

A. Data, tools, and frameworks
B. Personal bias
C. Guesswork only
D. Avoiding analysis
✅ Answer: A. Data, tools, and frameworks

Q15. Which of the following reduces uncertainty and risk?

A. Employee conflicts
B. Proper decision-making
C. Ignoring planning
D. Over-dependence on environment
✅ Answer: B. Proper decision-making

Q16. Which of the following improves organizational image?

A. Effective management
B. Mismanagement
C. Lack of efficiency
D. Poor customer service
✅ Answer: A. Effective management

Q17. Customer satisfaction and employee loyalty are outcomes of:

A. Effective management
B. Strict rules without flexibility
C. Ignoring teamwork
D. High employee turnover
✅ Answer: A. Effective management

Q18. Brand reputation and trust are enhanced through:

A. Weak leadership
B. Effective management
C. Wasting resources
D. Ignoring innovation
✅ Answer: B. Effective management

Q19. Why is management considered important for decision-making?

A. It provides rational tools for analysis
B. It avoids risk evaluation
C. It only depends on luck
D. It focuses on random choices
✅ Answer: A. It provides rational tools for analysis

Q20. Human capital development under management includes:

A. Employee demotivation
B. Training and leadership development
C. Avoiding teamwork
D. Focusing only on machines
✅ Answer: B. Training and leadership development
Q21. Which of the following is NOT a significance of management?
A. Improves efficiency
B. Achieves organizational goals
C. Encourages innovation
D. Creates conflicts in teams
✅ Answer: D. Creates conflicts in teams

Q22. Which factor ensures a company’s adaptability to customer demand?

A. Dynamic organization created by management
B. Avoiding innovation
C. Limiting flexibility
D. Ignoring market feedback
✅ Answer: A. Dynamic organization created by management

Q23. Decision-making is important in management because it:

A. Reduces uncertainty
B. Promotes rational choice
C. Minimizes risks
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q24. Which of the following highlights management’s role in organizational image?

A. Poor coordination
B. Customer satisfaction and brand reputation
C. Lack of teamwork
D. Employee dissatisfaction
✅ Answer: B. Customer satisfaction and brand reputation

Q25. Why does management encourage innovation?

A. To identify opportunities and provide creative solutions
B. To reduce organizational flexibility
C. To ignore employee ideas
D. To avoid risk-taking
✅ Answer: A. To identify opportunities and provide creative solutions

6 M’s of Management

Q1. The 6 M’s of management represent:

A. Key resources managers must coordinate and control
B. Six marketing strategies
C. Steps of financial planning
D. A theory of motivation
✅ Answer: A. Key resources managers must coordinate and control
Q2. Which of the following is NOT part of the 6 M’s?
A. Men
B. Machines
C. Methods
D. Morality
✅ Answer: D. Morality

Q3. In the 6 M’s, Men refers to:

A. Only senior managers
B. Human resources – workers, managers, and all people involved
C. Male workers only
D. Outsourced staff only
✅ Answer: B. Human resources – workers, managers, and all people involved

Q4. In the 6 M’s, Machines refers to:

A. Tools, equipment, and technology used in production
B. Office furniture only
C. Computers alone
D. Marketing channels
✅ Answer: A. Tools, equipment, and technology used in production

Q5. Raw materials, components, or supplies required for production are called:
A. Men
B. Methods
C. Materials
D. Markets
✅ Answer: C. Materials

Q6. Which “M” refers to procedures, techniques, and systems used for efficiency?
A. Money
B. Methods
C. Men
D. Machines
✅ Answer: B. Methods

Q7. Which “M” refers to financial resources required for operations and growth?
A. Money
B. Men
C. Markets
D. Materials
✅ Answer: A. Money

Q8. Which of the following refers to the demand side — customers and target
segments?
A. Materials
B. Men
C. Markets
D. Methods
✅ Answer: C. Markets

Q9. Which “M” ensures adequate workforce for the organization?

A. Men
B. Markets
C. Machines
D. Money
✅ Answer: A. Men

Q10. Which “M” includes investment and operational expenses?

A. Materials
B. Machines
C. Money
D. Methods
✅ Answer: C. Money

Q11. Which “M” relates to production tools and automation technology?

A. Men
B. Machines
C. Markets
D. Methods
✅ Answer: B. Machines

Q12. Which “M” ensures customer satisfaction and demand fulfillment?

A. Methods
B. Markets
C. Men
D. Materials
✅ Answer: B. Markets

Q13. Which of the following is an example of “Materials”?

A. Raw cotton for textile industry
B. Marketing campaigns
C. Leadership skills
D. Accounting methods
✅ Answer: A. Raw cotton for textile industry

Q14. Which of the following is an example of “Machines”?

A. Employee teamwork
B. Lathe machines in a workshop
C. Customer survey forms
D. Company mission statement
✅ Answer: B. Lathe machines in a workshop

Q15. Which “M” highlights the need for standard operating procedures (SOPs)?
A. Materials
B. Methods
C. Money
D. Men
✅ Answer: B. Methods

Q16. The success of business largely depends on effective management of:

A. At least 3 M’s
B. All 6 M’s equally
C. Only men and machines
D. Only money
✅ Answer: B. All 6 M’s equally

Q17. Which of the following shows interdependence of the 6 M’s?

A. Machines can’t work without men
B. Men need materials and money
C. Markets drive demand for materials and methods
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q18. Which “M” ensures the flow of capital for purchasing resources?
A. Money
B. Men
C. Machines
D. Markets
✅ Answer: A. Money

Q19. If the demand side fails (markets), what happens?

A. Production stops due to lack of customers
B. Men work harder
C. Machines increase efficiency
D. Materials automatically reduce
✅ Answer: A. Production stops due to lack of customers

Q20. Which “M” is directly related to organizational growth and survival in

competition?
A. Markets
B. Materials
C. Methods
D. Money
✅ Answer: A. Markets
Q21. Which “M” can be linked to innovation in work techniques?
A. Men
B. Machines
C. Methods
D. Money
✅ Answer: C. Methods

Levels of Management

Q1. How many main levels of management are generally recognized?

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
✅ Answer: B. 3

Q2. Which of the following is the strategic level of management?

A. Top-level management
B. Middle-level management
C. Lower-level management
D. Operational staff
✅ Answer: A. Top-level management

Q3. Which level of management is mainly responsible for setting overall

organizational goals?
A. Middle-level
B. Top-level
C. Lower-level
D. Operational workers
✅ Answer: B. Top-level

Q4. CEO, MD, and Chairman are examples of:

A. Top-level managers
B. Middle-level managers
C. Lower-level managers
D. Non-managers
✅ Answer: A. Top-level managers

Q5. Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of top-level management?

A. Setting long-term goals
B. Representing the company to stakeholders
C. Supervising day-to-day operations directly
D. Making high-level decisions and policies
✅ Answer: C. Supervising day-to-day operations directly
Q6. The focus of top-level management is primarily on:
A. Planning and strategic decision-making
B. Supervising employees directly
C. Performance appraisals
D. Training workers
✅ Answer: A. Planning and strategic decision-making

Q7. Middle-level management is also called:

A. Strategic level
B. Tactical level
C. Operational level
D. Functional level
✅ Answer: B. Tactical level

Q8. Department Heads and Regional Managers belong to which level of

management?
A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. Non-managerial staff
✅ Answer: B. Middle-level

Q9. Which of the following is a responsibility of middle-level managers?

A. Implementing the plans made by top management
B. Setting overall company vision
C. Supervising daily tasks directly
D. Handling only financial resources
✅ Answer: A. Implementing the plans made by top management

Q10. Which management level supervises lower-level managers?

A. Middle-level
B. Top-level
C. Operational staff
D. Line workers
✅ Answer: A. Middle-level

Q11. Which of the following acts as a link between top and lower-level management?
A. Supervisors
B. Middle-level managers
C. Workers
D. Team leaders
✅ Answer: B. Middle-level managers

Q12. The focus of middle-level management is mainly on:

A. Organizing, motivating, and controlling
B. Long-term strategic planning
C. Employee supervision directly
D. Execution of manual work
✅ Answer: A. Organizing, motivating, and controlling

Q13. Which level of management allocates resources and monitors departmental

performance?
A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. Operational staff
✅ Answer: B. Middle-level

Q14. Which of the following titles belongs to lower-level management?

A. CEO
B. Division Manager
C. Foreman
D. Director
✅ Answer: C. Foreman

Q15. Supervisors and Team Leaders belong to:

A. Top-level management
B. Middle-level management
C. Lower-level management
D. Tactical management
✅ Answer: C. Lower-level management

Q16. Which level of management directly manages workers and day-to-day

operations?
A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. None of the above
✅ Answer: C. Lower-level

Q17. Maintaining discipline and boosting employee morale is a responsibility of:

A. Top-level managers
B. Middle-level managers
C. Lower-level managers
D. External consultants
✅ Answer: C. Lower-level managers

Q18. Which level of management ensures work is done efficiently and on time?
A. Lower-level management
B. Top-level management
C. Middle-level management
D. Strategic managers
✅ Answer: A. Lower-level management

Q19. Which level reports employee feedback and issues to middle management?
A. Top-level
B. Lower-level
C. Strategic level
D. Non-managers
✅ Answer: B. Lower-level

Q20. The primary focus of lower-level management is:

A. Directing and supervising operations
B. Setting long-term strategies
C. Allocating budgets
D. Policy-making
✅ Answer: A. Directing and supervising operations

Q21. Which level represents the company to the outside world?

A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. Line managers
✅ Answer: A. Top-level

Q22. Which level acts as a bridge between employees and top executives?
A. Middle-level managers
B. Supervisors
C. Workers
D. Non-managers
✅ Answer: A. Middle-level managers

Q23. Which level ensures coordination between departments?

A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. None of the above
✅ Answer: B. Middle-level

Q24. Line managers are part of:

A. Lower-level management
B. Middle-level management
C. Top-level management
D. Strategic management
✅ Answer: A. Lower-level management
Q25. Which level’s focus is on long-term sustainability and growth?
A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. Workers
✅ Answer: A. Top-level

Q26. Motivating employees is a function emphasized most by:

A. Middle-level managers
B. Top-level managers
C. Lower-level managers
D. External consultants
✅ Answer: A. Middle-level managers

Q27. Ensuring efficient day-to-day supervision is mainly the role of:

A. Middle-level managers
B. Lower-level managers
C. Top-level managers
D. Board of Directors
✅ Answer: B. Lower-level managers

Q28. Division Managers are part of:

A. Middle-level management
B. Lower-level management
C. Top-level management
D. Operational workers
✅ Answer: A. Middle-level management

Q29. Who ensures that the policies made by top-level are executed?
A. Middle-level managers
B. Lower-level managers
C. Supervisors
D. Workers
✅ Answer: A. Middle-level managers

Q30. Which level focuses more on “execution” than “planning”?

A. Top-level
B. Middle-level
C. Lower-level
D. None of the above
✅ Answer: C. Lower-level

Q31. Which of the following statements is TRUE about top-level management?

A. It supervises workers directly
B. It is responsible for long-term sustainability
C. It ignores external stakeholders
D. It has no role in planning
✅ Answer: B. It is responsible for long-term sustainability

Skills of a Manager

Q1. How many main types of managerial skills are usually highlighted?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
✅ Answer: B. 3

Q2. Conceptual, Human, and Technical skills are:

A. Levels of management
B. Skills of a manager
C. Functions of management
D. Principles of management
✅ Answer: B. Skills of a manager

Q3. Conceptual skills refer to:

A. Ability to think abstractly and see the big picture
B. Proficiency in technical work only
C. Ability to supervise workers directly
D. Giving orders without analysis
✅ Answer: A. Ability to think abstractly and see the big picture

Q4. Which skill is MOST important for strategic planning and problem-solving?
A. Technical skills
B. Human skills
C. Conceptual skills
D. Physical skills
✅ Answer: C. Conceptual skills

Q5. Conceptual skills are needed the most by:

A. Workers
B. Top-level managers
C. Lower-level managers
D. Clerical staff
✅ Answer: B. Top-level managers

Q6. Human skills are also known as:

A. Conceptual skills
B. Interpersonal skills
C. Technical skills
D. Analytical skills
✅ Answer: B. Interpersonal skills

Q7. Which skill refers to the ability to work with, understand, and motivate people?
A. Conceptual
B. Human
C. Technical
D. Operational
✅ Answer: B. Human

Q8. Human skills are important for:

A. Only top-level managers
B. All levels of management
C. Only middle-level managers
D. Only workers
✅ Answer: B. All levels of management

Q9. Which managerial skill helps build teamwork and resolve conflicts?
A. Conceptual skills
B. Human skills
C. Technical skills
D. None of these
✅ Answer: B. Human skills

Q10. Technical skills refer to:

A. Proficiency in a specific field or activity
B. Ability to think abstractly
C. Ability to motivate people
D. Decision-making without logic
✅ Answer: A. Proficiency in a specific field or activity

Q11. Which skill helps managers in understanding and supervising work processes?
A. Conceptual skills
B. Human skills
C. Technical skills
D. Physical skills
✅ Answer: C. Technical skills

Q12. Technical skills are MOST important for:

A. Workers only
B. Top-level managers
C. Lower and middle-level managers
D. Customers
✅ Answer: C. Lower and middle-level managers
Q13. Which skill ensures effective communication among employees?
A. Human skills
B. Conceptual skills
C. Technical skills
D. Strategic skills
✅ Answer: A. Human skills

Q14. Which skill is required for analyzing long-term organizational problems?

A. Technical
B. Conceptual
C. Human
D. None of these
✅ Answer: B. Conceptual

Q15. A manager who motivates employees and builds trust is applying:

A. Human skills
B. Technical skills
C. Conceptual skills
D. No skills
✅ Answer: A. Human skills

Q16. A manager who understands financial reports and supervises operations

needs:
A. Human skills
B. Technical skills
C. Conceptual skills
D. Interpersonal skills
✅ Answer: B. Technical skills

Q17. Which skill is MOST useful for innovation and strategy formation?
A. Technical skills
B. Human skills
C. Conceptual skills
D. Routine skills
✅ Answer: C. Conceptual skills

Q18. Human skills mainly deal with:

A. Machines and technology
B. People and relationships
C. Raw materials
D. Financial resources
✅ Answer: B. People and relationships

Q19. Which skill ensures managers can train and guide workers in specialized jobs?
A. Technical skills
B. Human skills
C. Conceptual skills
D. Decision-making skills
✅ Answer: A. Technical skills

Q20. Which type of skill becomes less important as one moves higher in the
hierarchy?
A. Human skills
B. Technical skills
C. Conceptual skills
D. All of them
✅ Answer: B. Technical skills

Qualities of an Effective Manager

Q1. Which of the following is the most important quality of an effective manager?
A. Leadership
B. Laziness
C. Dishonesty
D. Over-controlling
✅ Answer: A. Leadership

Q2. Leadership in management means:

A. Forcing people to work
B. Inspiring, guiding, and motivating the team
C. Working alone without help
D. Ignoring employee needs
✅ Answer: B. Inspiring, guiding, and motivating the team

Q3. A manager who leads by example demonstrates:

A. Communication skills
B. Leadership
C. Adaptability
D. Time management
✅ Answer: B. Leadership

Q4. Which quality helps a manager clearly convey ideas, expectations, and
feedback?
A. Integrity
B. Communication skills
C. Problem-solving
D. Emotional intelligence
✅ Answer: B. Communication skills

Q5. Which of the following is NOT part of effective communication?

A. Active listening
B. Giving clear feedback
C. Avoiding dialogue
D. Open communication
✅ Answer: C. Avoiding dialogue

Q6. A good manager must make decisions that are:

A. Random and late
B. Timely and well-informed
C. Based on favoritism
D. Avoiding risks at any cost
✅ Answer: B. Timely and well-informed

Q7. Which managerial quality involves analyzing risks and considering alternatives?
A. Leadership
B. Decision-making ability
C. Adaptability
D. Honesty
✅ Answer: B. Decision-making ability

Q8. Emotional Intelligence (EQ) in a manager means:

A. Ignoring emotions in the workplace
B. Understanding and managing one’s own emotions while empathizing with others
C. Being emotional at all times
D. Avoiding conflict resolution
✅ Answer: B. Understanding and managing one’s own emotions while
empathizing with others

Q9. Which quality helps a manager handle conflicts wisely?

A. Emotional Intelligence
B. Laziness
C. Harshness
D. Rudeness
✅ Answer: A. Emotional Intelligence

Q10. Integrity in management means:

A. Manipulating employees
B. Maintaining ethical standards and honesty
C. Focusing only on profit
D. Keeping secrets from workers
✅ Answer: B. Maintaining ethical standards and honesty

Q11. Which quality helps build trust between a manager and employees?
A. Integrity and honesty
B. Strictness
C. Harsh decision-making
D. Rigid rules
✅ Answer: A. Integrity and honesty

Q12. A manager who is flexible and open to new ideas demonstrates:

A. Adaptability
B. Integrity
C. Decision-making
D. Leadership
✅ Answer: A. Adaptability

Q13. Adaptability in management is important because:

A. Business environment is dynamic and always changing
B. Managers should never change plans
C. Flexibility reduces innovation
D. It creates confusion
✅ Answer: A. Business environment is dynamic and always changing

Q14. Which quality is MOST important when unexpected problems arise?

A. Time management
B. Problem-solving skills
C. Leadership
D. Communication
✅ Answer: B. Problem-solving skills

Q15. A manager who identifies issues and finds practical solutions shows:
A. Integrity
B. Problem-solving skills
C. Time management
D. Emotional intelligence
✅ Answer: B. Problem-solving skills

Q16. Creativity and logic are both used in:

A. Decision-making
B. Problem-solving
C. Communication
D. Leadership
✅ Answer: B. Problem-solving

Q17. Which quality ensures tasks are completed on time?

A. Leadership
B. Problem-solving
C. Time management
D. Adaptability
✅ Answer: C. Time management
Q18. Time management in management means:
A. Prioritizing tasks and meeting deadlines
B. Working without schedules
C. Ignoring long-term goals
D. Taking too much time for small decisions
✅ Answer: A. Prioritizing tasks and meeting deadlines

Q19. A manager who balances short-term and long-term objectives demonstrates:

A. Leadership
B. Time management
C. Adaptability
D. Problem-solving
✅ Answer: B. Time management

Q20. Which of the following qualities helps build harmony and unity in teams
indirectly?
A. Emotional intelligence
B. Leadership
C. Communication skills
D. Integrity
✅ Answer: B. Leadership

Q21. A manager who treats employees fairly and transparently demonstrates:

A. Integrity
B. Leadership
C. Adaptability
D. Decision-making
✅ Answer: A. Integrity

Q22. Which of the following is MOST necessary for maintaining good workplace
culture?
A. Integrity and honesty
B. Strict deadlines
C. Over-controlling behavior
D. Ignoring employee welfare
✅ Answer: A. Integrity and honesty

Q23. Which quality of a manager helps employees feel valued and motivated?
A. Communication skills
B. Integrity
C. Leadership
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above
Q24. Which of the following combinations best describes an effective manager?
A. Rude, rigid, selfish
B. Inspiring, communicative, adaptable
C. Lazy, dishonest, harsh
D. Silent, inflexible, rude
✅ Answer: B. Inspiring, communicative, adaptable

Q25. Which of the following ensures a manager maintains employee trust during
crisis?
A. Emotional intelligence and integrity
B. Leadership and dishonesty
C. Time mismanagement
D. Lack of communication
✅ Answer: A. Emotional intelligence and integrity

Functions of Management

Q1. How many primary functions of management are generally recognized?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
✅ Answer: C. 5

Q2. Which of the following is NOT a function of management?

A. Planning
B. Organizing
C. Staffing
D. Advertising
✅ Answer: D. Advertising

📍 Planning

Q3. Planning means:

A. Deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do, and who will do it
B. Only predicting profits
C. Assigning people randomly
D. Avoiding future goals
✅ Answer: A. Deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do, and
who will do it

Q4. Which function sets organizational objectives?

A. Staffing
B. Planning
C. Directing
D. Controlling
✅ Answer: B. Planning

Q5. Forecasting is part of which function?

A. Organizing
B. Planning
C. Staffing
D. Directing
✅ Answer: B. Planning

Q6. Developing strategies and action plans is part of:

A. Planning
B. Directing
C. Staffing
D. Controlling
✅ Answer: A. Planning

Q7. Planning provides:

A. Random goals
B. No clarity
C. Direction and focus to activities
D. Avoidance of objectives
✅ Answer: C. Direction and focus to activities

📍 Organizing

Q8. Organizing in management means:

A. Arranging resources and tasks to implement the plan
B. Planning company profits
C. Randomly dividing tasks
D. Avoiding employee roles
✅ Answer: A. Arranging resources and tasks to implement the plan

Q9. Departmentalization is part of which function?

A. Staffing
B. Organizing
C. Directing
D. Planning
✅ Answer: B. Organizing

Q10. Defining roles and authority is included in:

A. Planning
B. Staffing
C. Organizing
D. Directing
✅ Answer: C. Organizing

Q11. Allocating resources is part of:

A. Organizing
B. Planning
C. Directing
D. Controlling
✅ Answer: A. Organizing

Q12. Organizing helps by:

A. Creating structure in the organization
B. Eliminating all managers
C. Removing employee communication
D. Avoiding clarity in authority
✅ Answer: A. Creating structure in the organization

📍 Staffing

Q13. Staffing refers to:

A. Recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees
B. Making production schedules
C. Controlling machines
D. Setting financial budgets
✅ Answer: A. Recruiting, selecting, training, and developing employees

Q14. The purpose of staffing is:

A. Ensuring the organization has the right people in the right roles
B. Reducing employee motivation
C. Ignoring performance
D. Hiring randomly
✅ Answer: A. Ensuring the organization has the right people in the right roles

Q15. Hiring and onboarding are part of:

A. Planning
B. Staffing
C. Organizing
D. Directing
✅ Answer: B. Staffing

Q16. Training and development of employees comes under:

A. Staffing
B. Directing
C. Organizing
D. Planning
✅ Answer: A. Staffing

Q17. Performance appraisal is part of which function?

A. Controlling
B. Staffing
C. Planning
D. Directing
✅ Answer: B. Staffing

📍 Directing

Q18. Directing means:

A. Leading, motivating, and supervising employees
B. Allocating resources
C. Setting goals
D. Hiring workers
✅ Answer: A. Leading, motivating, and supervising employees

Q19. Which function of management is most related to leadership?

A. Directing
B. Staffing
C. Organizing
D. Controlling
✅ Answer: A. Directing

Q20. Motivation is part of:

A. Planning
B. Directing
C. Controlling
D. Organizing
✅ Answer: B. Directing

Q21. Communication as a sub-function belongs to:

A. Directing
B. Organizing
C. Staffing
D. Planning
✅ Answer: A. Directing

Q22. Supervision of employees is part of:

A. Directing
B. Staffing
C. Organizing
D. Controlling
✅ Answer: A. Directing

Q23. Directing guides employees toward:

A. Organizational goals
B. Personal hobbies
C. External stakeholders
D. None of these
✅ Answer: A. Organizational goals

📍 Controlling

Q24. Controlling means:

A. Monitoring performance and taking corrective action
B. Forcing employees to obey
C. Allocating resources randomly
D. Avoiding supervision
✅ Answer: A. Monitoring performance and taking corrective action

Q25. Setting performance standards is part of:

A. Planning
B. Controlling
C. Staffing
D. Organizing
✅ Answer: B. Controlling

Q26. Measuring actual performance belongs to which function?

A. Controlling
B. Planning
C. Staffing
D. Organizing
✅ Answer: A. Controlling

Q27. Taking corrective action is part of:

A. Controlling
B. Directing
C. Planning
D. Staffing
✅ Answer: A. Controlling

Q28. Which function ensures that actual performance matches planned objectives?
A. Controlling
B. Directing
C. Planning
D. Staffing
✅ Answer: A. Controlling

Q29. Controlling helps management by:

A. Correcting deviations
B. Improving efficiency
C. Ensuring goal achievement
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

📍 Mixed Function Questions

Q30. Which of the following is the first step in the management process?
A. Organizing
B. Planning
C. Controlling
D. Staffing
✅ Answer: B. Planning

Q31. Which function of management comes last in the cycle?

A. Directing
B. Controlling
C. Planning
D. Staffing
✅ Answer: B. Controlling

Q32. Which function ensures that human resources are selected and trained?
A. Staffing
B. Planning
C. Controlling
D. Directing
✅ Answer: A. Staffing

Q33. Which function involves motivating employees?

A. Directing
B. Planning
C. Organizing
D. Staffing
✅ Answer: A. Directing

Q34. Which function comes immediately after planning in the management process?
A. Staffing
B. Organizing
C. Directing
D. Controlling
✅ Answer: B. Organizing

Q35. The five functions of management in order are:

A. Planning → Organizing → Staffing → Directing → Controlling
B. Planning → Directing → Organizing → Staffing → Controlling
C. Organizing → Planning → Directing → Staffing → Controlling
D. Staffing → Planning → Directing → Controlling → Organizing
✅ Answer: A. Planning → Organizing → Staffing → Directing → Controlling

Managerial Grid (Leadership Grid)

Q1. The Managerial Grid was developed by:

A. Henri Fayol
B. Frederick Taylor
C. Robert R. Blake and Jane S. Mouton
D. William Ouchi
✅ Answer: C. Robert R. Blake and Jane S. Mouton

Q2. The Managerial Grid is also known as:

A. Leadership Grid
B. Motivation Grid
C. Control Grid
D. Decision Grid
✅ Answer: A. Leadership Grid

Q3. Which decade was the Managerial Grid introduced?

A. 1920s
B. 1940s
C. 1960s
D. 1980s
✅ Answer: C. 1960s

Q4. On the Managerial Grid, the X-axis represents:

A. Concern for People
B. Concern for Production/Task
C. Concern for Profits
D. Concern for Communication
✅ Answer: B. Concern for Production/Task

Q5. On the Managerial Grid, the Y-axis represents:

A. Concern for Customers
B. Concern for Employees/People
C. Concern for Machines
D. Concern for Authority
✅ Answer: B. Concern for Employees/People

Q6. The scale on both axes of the Managerial Grid ranges from:
A. 0 to 5
B. 0 to 10
C. 1 to 9
D. 1 to 100
✅ Answer: C. 1 to 9

📍 Leadership Styles on the Grid

Q7. Which style is represented by 1.1 on the grid?

A. Team Style
B. Impoverished (Laissez-faire)
C. Country Club
D. Task/Authority-Compliance
✅ Answer: B. Impoverished (Laissez-faire)

Q8. The 1.1 style of management shows:

A. High concern for people and high concern for production
B. Low concern for people and low concern for production
C. High concern for production but low for people
D. Low concern for production but high for people
✅ Answer: B. Low concern for people and low concern for production

Q9. Which leadership style leads to disorganized performance and minimal effort?
A. Country Club
B. Impoverished (1.1)
C. Team Style
D. Authority-Compliance
✅ Answer: B. Impoverished (1.1)

Q10. Which style is represented by 1.9 on the grid?

A. Task/Authority-Compliance
B. Team Style
C. Country Club
D. Impoverished
✅ Answer: C. Country Club

Q11. The Country Club style (1.9) focuses on:

A. Employee comfort while ignoring productivity
B. Results only, ignoring people
C. Balance of both people and production
D. Neither people nor production
✅ Answer: A. Employee comfort while ignoring productivity

Q12. Which leadership style is friendly but ineffective in productivity?

A. Task/Authority-Compliance
B. Country Club (1.9)
C. Impoverished
D. Team Style
✅ Answer: B. Country Club (1.9)

Q13. Which style is represented by 9.1 on the grid?

A. Team Style
B. Task/Authority-Compliance
C. Middle-of-the-Road
D. Country Club
✅ Answer: B. Task/Authority-Compliance

Q14. The Task/Authority-Compliance style (9.1) shows:

A. High concern for people, low concern for production
B. Low concern for people, high concern for production
C. Balance of both
D. Low concern for both
✅ Answer: B. Low concern for people, high concern for production

Q15. Which style may cause employee burnout and high turnover?
A. Task/Authority-Compliance (9.1)
B. Country Club
C. Team Style
D. Middle-of-the-Road
✅ Answer: A. Task/Authority-Compliance (9.1)

Q16. Which style is represented by 5.5 on the grid?

A. Country Club
B. Impoverished
C. Middle-of-the-Road
D. Team Style
✅ Answer: C. Middle-of-the-Road

Q17. The Middle-of-the-Road style balances:

A. High people and high production
B. Moderate concern for both people and production
C. High concern for people but low for production
D. Low concern for both
✅ Answer: B. Moderate concern for both people and production
Q18. The main limitation of the 5.5 Middle-of-the-Road style is:
A. Compromise may reduce both productivity and employee satisfaction
B. No balance achieved
C. Too much stress on people
D. Focus only on profits
✅ Answer: A. Compromise may reduce both productivity and employee
satisfaction

Q19. Which style is represented by 9.9 on the grid?

A. Task/Authority-Compliance
B. Team Style
C. Impoverished
D. Country Club
✅ Answer: B. Team Style

Q20. The Team Style (9.9) shows:

A. High concern for production and high concern for people
B. High concern for production but low for people
C. Low concern for both
D. Balance but compromise
✅ Answer: A. High concern for production and high concern for people

Q21. Which leadership style is considered the most ideal according to the
Managerial Grid?
A. Team Style (9.9)
B. Task/Authority-Compliance (9.1)
C. Country Club (1.9)
D. Impoverished (1.1)
✅ Answer: A. Team Style (9.9)

Q22. Which leadership style is best for organizational success in the long term?
A. Impoverished (1.1)
B. Country Club (1.9)
C. Team Style (9.9)
D. Middle-of-the-Road (5.5)
✅ Answer: C. Team Style (9.9)

raditional vs. Modern Management

Q1. Traditional management primarily emphasized:

A. Collaboration and empowerment
B. Control and authority
C. Innovation and flexibility
D. Employee well-being
✅ Answer: B. Control and authority
Q2. Modern management primarily emphasizes:
A. Strict rules
B. Collaboration and empowerment
C. One-way communication
D. Centralized authority
✅ Answer: B. Collaboration and empowerment

Q3. The structure in traditional management is:

A. Flat and flexible
B. Hierarchical and rigid
C. Team-based
D. Project-based only
✅ Answer: B. Hierarchical and rigid

Q4. The structure in modern management is:

A. Rigid hierarchy
B. Flat or flexible
C. Based on authority only
D. Traditional family style
✅ Answer: B. Flat or flexible

Q5. Decision-making in traditional management is:

A. Team-oriented
B. Centralized – top management makes decisions
C. Based on consensus
D. Encouraging employee input
✅ Answer: B. Centralized – top management makes decisions

Q6. Decision-making in modern management is:

A. Avoided
B. Decentralized – involves teams
C. Always random
D. Based only on owners
✅ Answer: B. Decentralized – involves teams

Q7. Leadership style in traditional management is:

A. Democratic
B. Autocratic
C. Participative
D. Empowering
✅ Answer: B. Autocratic

Q8. Leadership style in modern management is:

A. Autocratic
B. Democratic/Participative
C. Dictatorial
D. Indifferent
✅ Answer: B. Democratic/Participative

Q9. Communication in traditional management is mostly:

A. Two-way and open
B. One-way, top-down
C. Bottom-up
D. Horizontal only
✅ Answer: B. One-way, top-down

Q10. Communication in modern management is:

A. Closed and secretive
B. Two-way, open and inclusive
C. Limited to top management
D. Only in emergencies
✅ Answer: B. Two-way, open and inclusive

Q11. In traditional management, employees are treated as:

A. Assets or team members
B. Subordinates/workers
C. Partners
D. Customers
✅ Answer: B. Subordinates/workers

Q12. In modern management, employees are treated as:

A. Subordinates
B. Assets and team members
C. Machines
D. Temporary resources
✅ Answer: B. Assets and team members

Q13. Motivation techniques in traditional management rely on:

A. Growth and work-life balance
B. Intrinsic motivation
C. Rewards and punishments (financial focus)
D. Employee self-drive
✅ Answer: C. Rewards and punishments (financial focus)

Q14. Motivation techniques in modern management rely on:

A. Punishment
B. Strict control
C. Intrinsic motivation, growth, work-life balance
D. Fear of job loss
✅ Answer: C. Intrinsic motivation, growth, work-life balance
Q15. Technology use in traditional management was:
A. Extensive and advanced
B. Minimal or limited
C. Cloud-based
D. Focused on AI tools
✅ Answer: B. Minimal or limited

Q16. Technology use in modern management is:

A. Limited
B. Extensive with digital tools and automation
C. Ignored
D. Only paper-based
✅ Answer: B. Extensive with digital tools and automation

Q17. Traditional management’s approach to change was:

A. Resistant
B. Flexible
C. Adaptive
D. Encouraging innovation
✅ Answer: A. Resistant

Q18. Modern management’s approach to change is:

A. Resistant
B. Avoiding
C. Flexible and adaptive
D. Ignoring new trends
✅ Answer: C. Flexible and adaptive

Q19. Performance evaluation in traditional management focused on:

A. Innovation and teamwork
B. Output or discipline
C. Learning and development
D. Work-life balance
✅ Answer: B. Output or discipline

Q20. Performance evaluation in modern management focuses on:

A. Results, innovation, teamwork, and learning
B. Only discipline
C. Punishment
D. Customer complaints
✅ Answer: A. Results, innovation, teamwork, and learning

Q21. Management tools in traditional management were:

A. ERP, analytics, agile systems
B. Manual records and traditional reports
C. Cloud-based tools
D. Collaborative apps
✅ Answer: B. Manual records and traditional reports

Q22. Management tools in modern management include:

A. ERP, analytics, cloud-based systems, agile tools
B. Only manual registers
C. Word of mouth communication
D. Handwritten ledgers
✅ Answer: A. ERP, analytics, cloud-based systems, agile tools

Henri Fayol’s 14 Principles of Management

1. Division of Work

Q1. According to Fayol, specialization improves:

A. Confusion
B. Efficiency and productivity
C. Employee turnover
D. Costs only
✅ Answer: B. Efficiency and productivity

Q2. Division of work leads to:

A. Decreased efficiency
B. Higher specialization
C. Random task allocation
D. Less productivity
✅ Answer: B. Higher specialization

Q3. Which principle highlights that employees should focus on specific tasks?
A. Unity of command
B. Division of work
C. Authority
D. Discipline
✅ Answer: B. Division of work

2. Authority and Responsibility

Q4. Authority in management means:

A. Right to give orders
B. Right to avoid responsibility
C. Avoiding decisions
D. Only controlling finance
✅ Answer: A. Right to give orders

Q5. Which principle requires a balance between power and accountability?

A. Discipline
B. Authority and responsibility
C. Unity of command
D. Order
✅ Answer: B. Authority and responsibility

Q6. Responsibility in management means:

A. Freedom without tasks
B. Obligation to perform tasks assigned
C. Avoiding accountability
D. Only leading meetings
✅ Answer: B. Obligation to perform tasks assigned

3. Discipline

Q7. Discipline in Fayol’s principles means:

A. Punishing employees
B. Respecting rules and agreements
C. Avoiding regulations
D. Ignoring managers
✅ Answer: B. Respecting rules and agreements

Q8. Lack of discipline in an organization leads to:

A. Efficiency
B. Smooth functioning
C. Conflicts and inefficiency
D. Higher motivation
✅ Answer: C. Conflicts and inefficiency

4. Unity of Command

Q9. Unity of command means:

A. Each employee should get orders from only one superior
B. Employees can report to multiple bosses
C. Teams can set their own bosses
D. No need for hierarchy
✅ Answer: A. Each employee should get orders from only one superior
Q10. Violation of unity of command leads to:
A. Clarity
B. Confusion and inefficiency
C. Strong teamwork
D. Discipline
✅ Answer: B. Confusion and inefficiency

5. Unity of Direction

Q11. Unity of direction means:

A. Activities with the same objective should be directed by one manager with one
plan
B. Different managers can run same objectives separately
C. Employees work without guidance
D. Plans change daily
✅ Answer: A. Activities with the same objective should be directed by one
manager with one plan

Q12. Unity of direction ensures:

A. Duplication of efforts
B. Coordination and common goals
C. Conflicts in plans
D. Lack of communication
✅ Answer: B. Coordination and common goals

6. Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest

Q13. This principle means:

A. Personal interest > organizational interest
B. Organizational interest > personal interest
C. Both are equal
D. No importance of interest
✅ Answer: B. Organizational interest > personal interest

Q14. Violation of this principle leads to:

A. Unity
B. Harmony
C. Conflicts and inefficiency
D. Productivity
✅ Answer: C. Conflicts and inefficiency

7. Remuneration
Q15. Remuneration refers to:
A. Punishment for workers
B. Fair pay and rewards for work done
C. Only financial bonuses
D. Promotion only
✅ Answer: B. Fair pay and rewards for work done

Q16. Fair remuneration motivates:

A. Employees
B. Machines
C. Raw materials
D. Customers
✅ Answer: A. Employees

8. Centralization

Q17. Centralization means:

A. All decisions only by top managers
B. Proper balance between decision-making at top and delegation
C. No decisions at all
D. Authority at lower levels only
✅ Answer: B. Proper balance between decision-making at top and delegation

Q18. Which principle suggests distributing authority carefully?

A. Discipline
B. Centralization
C. Remuneration
D. Order
✅ Answer: B. Centralization

9. Scalar Chain

Q19. Scalar chain refers to:

A. Clear chain of command from top to bottom
B. Employees working without hierarchy
C. Multiple bosses
D. Informal chats only
✅ Answer: A. Clear chain of command from top to bottom

Q20. Lateral communication (Gangplank) is allowed in scalar chain when:

A. Needed for efficiency
B. Always
C. Never
D. Only in top management
✅ Answer: A. Needed for efficiency

10. Order

Q21. The principle of order states:

A. Everyone and everything should be in its proper place
B. Employees may sit anywhere randomly
C. No need of structure
D. Chaos leads to efficiency
✅ Answer: A. Everyone and everything should be in its proper place

11. Equity

Q22. Equity means managers should be:

A. Kind and fair to subordinates
B. Strict and biased
C. Ignoring employees
D. Focused only on results
✅ Answer: A. Kind and fair to subordinates

12. Stability of Tenure

Q23. High employee turnover is:

A. Efficient
B. Inefficient and costly
C. Good for discipline
D. Improves productivity
✅ Answer: B. Inefficient and costly

Q24. Stability of tenure ensures:

A. Job security and better performance
B. Lack of employee motivation
C. Conflicts at workplace
D. Reduced productivity
✅ Answer: A. Job security and better performance

13. Initiative
Q25. Initiative means:
A. Employees should take creative and proactive steps
B. Only managers should decide everything
C. Workers must remain silent
D. Avoiding innovation
✅ Answer: A. Employees should take creative and proactive steps

Q26. Encouraging initiative results in:

A. Reduced creativity
B. Higher employee motivation and innovation
C. Poor teamwork
D. Less productivity
✅ Answer: B. Higher employee motivation and innovation

14. Esprit de Corps

Q27. Esprit de corps means:

A. Promoting team spirit, harmony, and unity
B. Encouraging conflicts
C. Promoting individualism
D. Ignoring teamwork
✅ Answer: A. Promoting team spirit, harmony, and unity

Q28. Esprit de corps improves:

A. Unity and efficiency
B. Conflicts and confusion
C. Employee turnover
D. Mismanagement
✅ Answer: A. Unity and efficiency

Mixed & Applied

Q29. How many principles of management were proposed by Henri Fayol?

A. 10
B. 12
C. 14
D. 16
✅ Answer: C. 14

Q30. Which principle emphasizes “fair pay”?

A. Discipline
B. Remuneration
C. Authority
D. Equity
✅ Answer: B. Remuneration
Q31. Which principle promotes employee creativity?
A. Initiative
B. Stability of tenure
C. Centralization
D. Discipline
✅ Answer: A. Initiative

Q32. Which principle highlights “clear chain of command”?

A. Scalar chain
B. Unity of command
C. Discipline
D. Order
✅ Answer: A. Scalar chain

Q33. Which principle promotes teamwork and harmony?

A. Esprit de corps
B. Unity of command
C. Division of work
D. Authority and responsibility
✅ Answer: A. Esprit de corps

Q34. Which principle says organization > individual interest?

A. Subordination of individual interest to general interest
B. Unity of direction
C. Initiative
D. Order
✅ Answer: A. Subordination of individual interest to general interest

Q35. Which principle emphasizes “right person in right place”?

A. Order
B. Stability of tenure
C. Authority
D. Equity
✅ Answer: A. Order

Q36. Which principle requires rules and agreements to be respected?

A. Discipline
B. Unity of command
C. Authority
D. Stability
✅ Answer: A. Discipline

Q37. Which principle relates to ethical treatment of employees?

A. Equity
B. Remuneration
C. Authority
D. Initiative
✅ Answer: A. Equity

Q38. Which principle deals with employee job security?

A. Stability of tenure
B. Initiative
C. Esprit de corps
D. Order
✅ Answer: A. Stability of tenure

Q39. Which principle balances decision-making between top and lower levels?
A. Centralization
B. Authority
C. Initiative
D. Discipline
✅ Answer: A. Centralization

Q40. Which principle highlights that each employee should have one boss?
A. Unity of command
B. Unity of direction
C. Discipline
D. Scalar chain
✅ Answer: A. Unity of command

Q1. Who is regarded as the "Father of Scientific Management"?

A. Henri Fayol
B. Frederick Winslow Taylor
C. Elton Mayo
D. Max Weber
✅ Answer: B. Frederick Winslow Taylor

Q2. Scientific management was developed in which country?

A. France
B. Germany
C. United States
D. England
✅ Answer: C. United States

Q3. Which period is associated with Taylor’s work on Scientific Management?

A. Late 1800s – early 1900s
B. 1920s
C. 1940s
D. 1960s
✅ Answer: A. Late 1800s – early 1900s
📍 Meaning & Focus

Q4. The main aim of scientific management is:

A. Reducing employee motivation
B. Maximizing efficiency and productivity through science
C. Increasing hierarchy
D. Ignoring workers’ needs
✅ Answer: B. Maximizing efficiency and productivity through science

Q5. Scientific management applies science to:

A. Personal life
B. Business operations and labor efficiency
C. Sports
D. Government rules
✅ Answer: B. Business operations and labor efficiency

Q6. Taylor believed that management should replace:

A. Systematic methods with trial and error
B. Rule-of-thumb methods with scientific study
C. Cooperation with competition
D. Training with guesswork
✅ Answer: B. Rule-of-thumb methods with scientific study

📍 Principles

Q7. According to Taylor, scientific management is based on how many principles?

A. 2
B. 4
C. 6
D. 8
✅ Answer: B. 4

Q8. The principle of "Science, not rule of thumb" means:

A. Using personal judgment
B. Decisions based on experience only
C. Replacing old methods with scientific analysis
D. Ignoring efficiency
✅ Answer: C. Replacing old methods with scientific analysis

Q9. The principle of "Harmony, not discord" means:

A. Conflict between management and workers
B. Cooperation between management and workers
C. Strict punishment of employees
D. Avoiding teamwork
✅ Answer: B. Cooperation between management and workers

Q10. The principle of "Cooperation, not individualism" emphasizes:

A. Workers competing against each other
B. Cooperation between workers and management
C. Avoiding communication
D. Personal interest above all
✅ Answer: B. Cooperation between workers and management

Q11. "Development of each and every person to his greatest efficiency" refers to:
A. Only hiring skilled workers
B. Proper training and development for all employees
C. Avoiding employee training
D. Reducing workforce size
✅ Answer: B. Proper training and development for all employees

📍 Techniques of Scientific Management

Q12. Which of the following is a technique of Scientific Management?

A. Time study
B. Motion study
C. Differential piece rate system
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q13. Time study measures:

A. Time required to complete a task
B. Employee job satisfaction
C. Organizational profits
D. Worker’s absenteeism
✅ Answer: A. Time required to complete a task

Q14. Motion study involves:

A. Study of unnecessary movements in work to eliminate waste
B. Study of worker absenteeism
C. Study of machinery cost
D. Study of company profits
✅ Answer: A. Study of unnecessary movements in work to eliminate waste

Q15. Standardization under Taylor refers to:

A. Having random methods for work
B. Uniform methods, tools, and conditions for efficiency
C. Workers choosing methods freely
D. Ignoring uniformity
✅ Answer: B. Uniform methods, tools, and conditions for efficiency

Q16. Differential piece-rate system means:

A. Same pay for all workers
B. Higher pay for efficient workers, lower pay for less efficient ones
C. Salary only for managers
D. No wage system
✅ Answer: B. Higher pay for efficient workers, lower pay for less efficient
ones

Q17. Functional foremanship introduced by Taylor refers to:

A. One foreman for all tasks
B. Multiple specialized foremen for different functions
C. Workers supervising themselves
D. Avoiding supervision
✅ Answer: B. Multiple specialized foremen for different functions

Q18. Which study aims at eliminating wasteful hand/eye movements?

A. Time study
B. Motion study
C. Fatigue study
D. Method study
✅ Answer: B. Motion study

Q19. Fatigue study deals with:

A. Worker rest intervals for efficiency
B. Studying profits
C. Machinery downtime
D. Time management
✅ Answer: A. Worker rest intervals for efficiency

Q20. Which technique decides the "one best way" to perform a task?
A. Method study
B. Motion study
C. Time study
D. Fatigue study
✅ Answer: A. Method study

📍 Contributions & Limitations

Q21. Scientific management led to:

A. Increased productivity and efficiency
B. Decreased output
C. More conflicts only
D. Ignoring worker training
✅ Answer: A. Increased productivity and efficiency

Q22. Which of the following was a criticism of scientific management?

A. Ignored human element, focused too much on efficiency
B. Too much worker empowerment
C. Lack of technical knowledge
D. Overuse of technology
✅ Answer: A. Ignored human element, focused too much on efficiency

Q23. Taylor’s work influenced later approaches like:

A. Behavioral school
B. Classical school only
C. Chaos theory
D. Modern IT management
✅ Answer: A. Behavioral school

Q24. Scientific management is still used today in:

A. Quality control, standardization, and process optimization
B. Only military organizations
C. Art and literature
D. Personal hobbies
✅ Answer: A. Quality control, standardization, and process optimization

Q25. The major contribution of Taylor’s scientific management was:

A. Profit maximization
B. Applying scientific methods to work for efficiency
C. Employee punishment methods
D. Ignoring teamwork
✅ Answer: B. Applying scientific methods to work for efficiency

William Ouchi’s Theory Z

📍 Basics

Q1. Theory Z was developed by:

A. Elton Mayo
B. William Ouchi
C. Henri Fayol
D. F.W. Taylor
✅ Answer: B. William Ouchi
Q2. Theory Z is often described as:
A. American management style
B. Japanese management style
C. Hybrid of American and Japanese management styles
D. European management style
✅ Answer: C. Hybrid of American and Japanese management styles

Q3. Which decade introduced Theory Z?

A. 1950s
B. 1960s
C. 1980s
D. 1990s
✅ Answer: C. 1980s

Q4. Which book introduced Theory Z to the world?

A. Principles of Management
B. Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge
C. Scientific Management
D. The Human Side of Enterprise
✅ Answer: B. Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese
Challenge

📍 Features of Theory Z

Q5. Theory Z emphasizes:

A. Short-term employment
B. Lifetime employment
C. Frequent job-hopping
D. Zero job security
✅ Answer: B. Lifetime employment

Q6. Job security in Theory Z is considered:

A. Unimportant
B. Essential for employee commitment
C. Only a financial concept
D. Temporary
✅ Answer: B. Essential for employee commitment

Q7. According to Theory Z, decision-making is:

A. Centralized
B. Decentralized and participative
C. Autocratic
D. Ignored
✅ Answer: B. Decentralized and participative
Q8. Theory Z encourages employees to participate in:
A. Only technical work
B. Decision-making processes
C. Marketing only
D. Avoiding responsibility
✅ Answer: B. Decision-making processes

Q9. Performance evaluation in Theory Z is:

A. Short-term and frequent
B. Long-term and holistic
C. Daily
D. Ignored
✅ Answer: B. Long-term and holistic

Q10. Theory Z promotes:

A. Individual achievement only
B. Collective responsibility and teamwork
C. Strict hierarchy without cooperation
D. Avoiding innovation
✅ Answer: B. Collective responsibility and teamwork

📍 Cultural Aspects

Q11. Theory Z integrates:

A. American individualism and Japanese collectivism
B. Only Japanese practices
C. Only American practices
D. European socialist practices
✅ Answer: A. American individualism and Japanese collectivism

Q12. In Theory Z, employee motivation is achieved through:

A. Punishment
B. Recognition, trust, and job security
C. Fear of job loss
D. Competition alone
✅ Answer: B. Recognition, trust, and job security

Q13. Theory Z organizations treat employees as:

A. Temporary workers
B. Replaceable parts
C. Long-term assets and family members
D. Outsiders
✅ Answer: C. Long-term assets and family members
Q14. Which of the following is a limitation of Theory Z?
A. Difficult to implement in highly individualistic cultures
B. Too much focus on machines
C. Ignores teamwork
D. Ignores decision-making
✅ Answer: A. Difficult to implement in highly individualistic cultures

Q15. The main objective of Theory Z is to:

A. Maximize employee turnover
B. Combine best practices of US and Japan for organizational success
C. Ignore cultural values
D. Focus only on profits
✅ Answer: B. Combine best practices of US and Japan for organizational
success

Green Management

📍 Basics

Q1. Green management primarily focuses on:

A. Profit maximization only
B. Eco-friendly and sustainable business practices
C. Ignoring environment
D. Fast expansion without control
✅ Answer: B. Eco-friendly and sustainable business practices

Q2. Another term for green management is:

A. Red management
B. Sustainable management
C. Financial management
D. Traditional management
✅ Answer: B. Sustainable management

Q3. The ultimate aim of green management is:

A. Reducing costs only
B. Ensuring environmental protection along with business growth
C. Increasing pollution for profit
D. Ignoring long-term sustainability
✅ Answer: B. Ensuring environmental protection along with business growth

Q4. Which of the following is NOT a focus area of green management?

A. Pollution control
B. Waste reduction
C. Increasing carbon emissions
D. Energy efficiency
✅ Answer: C. Increasing carbon emissions

📍 Features

Q5. Green management emphasizes the use of:

A. Non-renewable resources only
B. Renewable resources and energy conservation
C. Wasteful methods
D. Manual outdated techniques
✅ Answer: B. Renewable resources and energy conservation

Q6. Which is a key feature of green management?

A. Eco-friendly production processes
B. Recycling and waste management
C. Corporate social responsibility
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q7. Green management promotes:

A. Short-term profits
B. Long-term sustainability
C. Overuse of resources
D. Ignoring employees
✅ Answer: B. Long-term sustainability

Q8. Eco-labeling of products is a practice under:

A. Traditional marketing
B. Green management
C. Cost accounting
D. Scientific management
✅ Answer: B. Green management

📍 Advantages

Q9. Which of the following is a benefit of green management?

A. Improved corporate image
B. Long-term cost savings
C. Compliance with regulations
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above
Q10. Green management helps reduce:
A. Carbon footprint
B. Energy efficiency
C. Brand value
D. Innovation
✅ Answer: A. Carbon footprint

Q11. Which aspect of competitive advantage does green management support?

A. Customer loyalty
B. Market differentiation
C. Innovation
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q12. Green management practices can lead to:

A. Attracting eco-conscious customers
B. Legal issues
C. Employee dissatisfaction
D. Higher pollution
✅ Answer: A. Attracting eco-conscious customers

📍 Challenges

Q13. Which of the following is a challenge of green management?

A. High initial cost of eco-friendly technologies
B. Lack of awareness among stakeholders
C. Resistance to change
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q14. One limitation of green management is:

A. Immediate high returns
B. High initial investment and slow ROI
C. Reduced compliance
D. Less use of renewable energy
✅ Answer: B. High initial investment and slow ROI

Q15. A company faces difficulty in green management if:

A. It has poor waste management
B. It ignores government regulations
C. It lacks employee awareness
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above
📍 Applications

Q16. Installing solar panels in an organization is an example of:

A. Traditional management
B. Green management
C. Scientific management
D. Theory X management
✅ Answer: B. Green management

Q17. Adopting paperless communication is a practice of:

A. Reducing efficiency
B. Green management
C. Fayol’s principles
D. Autocratic leadership
✅ Answer: B. Green management

Q18. Which of the following industries has the highest pressure to adopt green
management?
A. Software industry
B. Manufacturing industry
C. Education sector
D. Banking
✅ Answer: B. Manufacturing industry

Q19. Environmental audits in companies are part of:

A. Green management practices
B. Only financial audits
C. Fayol’s unity of direction
D. Traditional accounting
✅ Answer: A. Green management practices

Q20. Which ISO certification is related to environmental management?

A. ISO 14000 series
B. ISO 9000 series
C. ISO 27000 series
D. ISO 50000 series
✅ Answer: A. ISO 14000 series

Knowledge Management (KM)

📍 Basics
Q1. Knowledge Management refers to:
A. Managing only financial assets
B. Collecting, sharing, and utilizing knowledge effectively in an organization
C. Storing books in a library
D. Employee attendance management
✅ Answer: B. Collecting, sharing, and utilizing knowledge effectively in an
organization

Q2. The main purpose of Knowledge Management is:

A. Short-term profit maximization
B. Capturing, storing, and sharing knowledge to improve decision-making
C. Reducing employee participation
D. Avoiding innovation
✅ Answer: B. Capturing, storing, and sharing knowledge to improve decision-
making

Q3. KM focuses on turning ______ into organizational assets.

A. Raw materials
B. Data and information
C. Machines
D. Only profits
✅ Answer: B. Data and information

Q4. Knowledge management ensures:

A. Duplication of work
B. Faster decision-making and innovation
C. Reducing employee skills
D. Ignoring best practices
✅ Answer: B. Faster decision-making and innovation

📍 Types of Knowledge

Q5. Tacit knowledge refers to:

A. Knowledge written in manuals and documents
B. Personal, experience-based knowledge
C. Easily transferable knowledge
D. Machine data only
✅ Answer: B. Personal, experience-based knowledge

Q6. Explicit knowledge refers to:

A. Knowledge that is hidden in people’s minds
B. Knowledge documented in reports, manuals, databases
C. Random assumptions
D. Only intuition
✅ Answer: B. Knowledge documented in reports, manuals, databases

Q7. Which type of knowledge is harder to share?

A. Explicit knowledge
B. Tacit knowledge
C. Both equally easy
D. Machine-based knowledge
✅ Answer: B. Tacit knowledge

📍 KM Process

Q8. The first step in the Knowledge Management process is:

A. Application
B. Capture/Creation
C. Sharing
D. Storage
✅ Answer: B. Capture/Creation

Q9. Knowledge storage usually involves:

A. Libraries and knowledge repositories
B. Random memory of employees
C. Social media only
D. Informal chats
✅ Answer: A. Libraries and knowledge repositories

Q10. Knowledge sharing ensures:

A. Hoarding of information
B. Effective communication and collaboration
C. Information secrecy
D. Duplication of mistakes
✅ Answer: B. Effective communication and collaboration

Q11. The final step of KM cycle is:

A. Sharing
B. Application (using knowledge in decision-making)
C. Capture
D. Creation only
✅ Answer: B. Application (using knowledge in decision-making)

📍 Importance & Benefits

Q12. Knowledge Management helps organizations in:
A. Increasing errors
B. Innovation and problem-solving
C. Reducing collaboration
D. Wasting resources
✅ Answer: B. Innovation and problem-solving

Q13. A benefit of KM is:

A. Duplication of work
B. Preservation of organizational memory
C. Increased confusion
D. Ignoring past experiences
✅ Answer: B. Preservation of organizational memory

Q14. Knowledge Management creates:

A. Competitive advantage
B. Conflicts
C. Lack of innovation
D. Inefficiency
✅ Answer: A. Competitive advantage

Q15. Which of the following is a direct outcome of effective KM?

A. Faster decision-making
B. Higher productivity
C. Better customer service
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

📍 Tools & Technology

Q16. Which of these tools supports Knowledge Management?

A. Intranets and knowledge portals
B. Databases and document management systems
C. Artificial Intelligence and data mining
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q17. Artificial Intelligence in KM helps in:

A. Automating knowledge retrieval and insights
B. Reducing access to data
C. Limiting knowledge sharing
D. Replacing databases
✅ Answer: A. Automating knowledge retrieval and insights
Q18. Which system is commonly used for managing organizational knowledge?
A. ERP systems
B. Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)
C. Payroll systems
D. Attendance systems
✅ Answer: B. Knowledge Management Systems (KMS)

📍 Challenges

Q19. Which is a major challenge in KM?

A. Knowledge hoarding by employees
B. Lack of proper technology
C. Cultural resistance
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: D. All of the above

Q20. Knowledge hoarding means:

A. Employees share information openly
B. Employees hide knowledge for personal advantage
C. Companies use open databases
D. Organizations encourage transparency
✅ Answer: B. Employees hide knowledge for personal advantage

Q21. Tacit knowledge transfer is difficult because:

A. It is stored in documents
B. It exists in individual minds and experiences
C. It is available online
D. It is always recorded
✅ Answer: B. It exists in individual minds and experiences