Universal Conversion Units
1. Length / Distance
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 kilometer (km) 1000 meters (m)
1 meter (m) 100 centimeters (cm) = 1000 millimeters
(mm)
1 centimeter (cm) 10 millimeters (mm)
1 inch (in) 2.54 centimeters (cm)
1 foot (ft) 12 inches = 0.3048 meters
1 yard (yd) 3 feet = 0.9144 meters
1 mile (mi) 5280 feet = 1.609 kilometers
1 nautical mile (nmi) 1852 meters
2. Mass / Weight
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 kilogram (kg) 1000 grams (g)
1 gram (g) 1000 milligrams (mg)
1 metric ton (t) 1000 kilograms
1 ounce (oz) 28.349 grams
1 pound (lb) 16 ounces = 0.4536 kilograms
1 stone (UK) 14 pounds = 6.35 kilograms
1 US ton 2000 pounds = 907.185 kg
1 UK ton (long ton) 2240 pounds = 1016 kg
3. Time
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 minute 60 seconds
1 hour 60 minutes = 3600 seconds
1 day 24 hours
1 week 7 days
1 year ≈ 365 days (365.25 with leap -
years)
4. Temperature
Unit Conversion
Celsius (°C) → Fahrenheit (°F): (°C × 9/5) + 32
Fahrenheit (°F) → Celsius (°C): (°F − 32) × 5/9
Celsius (°C) → Kelvin (K): °C + 273.15
Kelvin (K) → Celsius (°C): K − 273.15
5. Volume / Capacity
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 liter (L) 1000 milliliters (mL) = 0.001 cubic meters
(m³)
1 cubic centimeter (cm³) 1 milliliter (mL)
1 gallon (US) 3.785 liters
1 gallon (UK) 4.546 liters
1 quart (qt, US) 0.946 liters
1 pint (pt, US) 0.473 liters
1 cup (US) 0.237 liters
1 tablespoon (tbsp) 14.8 milliliters
1 teaspoon (tsp) 4.93 milliliters
6. Energy
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 joule (J) 1 newton·meter = 0.239 calories
1 calorie (cal) 4.184 joules
1 kilocalorie (kcal, food Calorie) 4184 joules
1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) 3.6 × 10⁶ joules
1 British thermal unit (BTU) 1055 joules
7. Force
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 newton (N) 1 kg·m/s²
1 kilogram-force (kgf) 9.80665 N
1 pound-force (lbf) 4.448 N
8. Power
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 watt (W) 1 joule/second
1 kilowatt (kW) 1000 watts
1 horsepower (hp, US) 745.7 watts
9. Area
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 square meter (m²) 10,000 cm²
1 hectare (ha) 10,000 m²
1 acre 4046.86 m²
1 square kilometer (km²) 1,000,000 m²
1 square mile (mi²) 2.59 km²
10. Digital Storage
Unit Conversion Equivalent
1 byte (B) 8 bits (b)
1 kilobyte (KB) 1024 bytes
1 megabyte (MB) 1024 KB
1 gigabyte (GB) 1024 MB
1 terabyte (TB) 1024 GB
1 petabyte (PB) 1024 TB
