Kitchen Math and

Measuring
 • Your Description Goes
Here
3 times you wash
your hands
Before cooking
During cooking
After handling food
 The measurement
System used in the
• Your Description Goes Here English system /Customary system

US
Length:

12 inches (in) = 1 foot (ft)

3 feet = 1 yard (yd)
5280 feet = 1 mile (mi)

Capacity:

3 teaspoons (tsp) = 1 tablespoon (tbsp)

16 tbsp = 1 cup (c)
8 ounces (oz) = 1 c
2 c = 1 pint (pt)
2 pt = 1 quart (qt)
4 qt = 1 gallon (gal)

Weight:

16 ounces (oz) = 1 pound (lb)

2000 lb = 1 ton
Metric
Metric System

Based on tens
 We MEASURE….
Ingredients
Time
Temperature

* By measuring all of these we are able to take the guess work out of
cooking*
 Two scales used to measure
• Fahrenheit
is a temperature scale based on one
proposed in 1724 by the German
physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
(1686–1736), after whom the scale
is named.[1] On Fahrenheit's
original scale the lower defining
point was the lowest temperature to
which he could reproducibly cool
brine (defining 0 degrees), while the
highest was that of the average
human core body temperature
(defining 100 degrees).
• Celsius
is a scale and unit of measurement
for temperature. It is named after the
Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius
(1701–1744), who developed a
similar temperature scale. From
1744 until 1954, 0 °C was defined as
the freezing point of water and 100
°C was defined as the boiling point
of water, both at a pressure of one
standard atmosphere with mercury
being the working material
Three kinds of • Examples
measurement • Estimated –soup
Estimated • Ratio- rice ( compares one ingredient to another)
Ratio • Calibrated-bread
Calibrated
 Three Type of measuring
tools in the kitchen
Timers
Thermometers
You can pack things such as parsley, rice or
Measuring Containers
Brown sugar when using a measuring cup
DO NOT pack flour. (Measuring spoons, Dry and
Always measure at eye level on a flat surface to liquid measuring cups)
Ensure accuracy.
Measuring spoons are used for liquids and dry ingredients
When
When in
in doubt
doubt always
always
remember
remember Mr.
Mr. Gallon
Gallon
1 gallon equals
4 quarts (1 quart =1 liter) equals
8 pints equals
16 cups
Temperatures to
Remember
• Water freezes at 32°
Fahrenheit and 0° Celsius.
• Water boils at 212°
Fahrenheit and 100°
Celsius
 When measuring dry
ingredients

Dip,
Scoop
Always
Always remember
remember to to sift
sift flour
flour before
before

Do
Do not
not pack
pack fflour
you
you measure
fflour itit may
measure
may alter
alter the
the
Scrape
amount
amount youyou add
add
• Use a spatula or the back of a
knife to scrap off/ level off • A large egg weighs 2
ingredients when measuring
them in a measuring cup ounces
• Pancakes take one
• Taring allows you to allow for minute to cook look for
the weight of a wrapper when
measuring an ingredient the bubbles
• Dry ingredients do not measure • Always use the
the same as wet ingredients
cookbook to find any
type of table
measurement
• Rice has a two to one
ratio

Key points to remember

Dry or Liquid Ingredients: :
a dash = less than 1/8 tsp.
2 cups = 1 pint
3 teaspoons = 1 Tablespoon
4 cups = 2 pints
4 Tablespoons = 1/4 cup
2 pints = 1 quart
5 1/3 Tbsp. = 1/3 cup
4 quarts = 1 gallon
16 Tablespoons = 1 cup
Weight: Fluid Ounces:
1/2 pound = 8 oz.
2 tablespoons = 1 fluid ounce
1 pound = 16 oz.
1 cup = 8 fluid ounces
Metric:
pint = 16 fluid ounces
1 liter = 1 quart plus 1/4 cup
1 quart = 32 fluid ounces
How
How to
to test for Doneness

1. Cake toothpick, touch lightly, cakes pulls away from pan

2. Pancakes bubbles pop
3. Bread Dough ripe test
4. Rice soft, not crunchy, no water in pan
5. Spaghetti soft, not crunchy, al dente, no hardness
6. Baked potatoes soft, fork
7. Baked bread pound lightly – sounds hollow
8. Baked rolls color
9. Cookies color, golden brown
Temperatures
Temperatures to
to
Remember
Remember

What are the degrees in Fahrenheit for the following:

1. Very hot ___450 - 475 ______
2. Hot ___400 - 425 ______
3. Moderate ___350 - 375 ______
4. Slow ___300 - 325 ______
5. Very Slow ___ 250 - 275 ______
Kitchen
Kitchen Abbreviations
Abbreviations

What are the abbreviations for the following words?

1. tablespoon __T.___ or __tb., tbs.___ 8. ounce __oz.___
2. teaspoon __ t.___ or __tsp. ___ 9. pound __lb.__ or
__#__
3. speck __sp., spk.__ 10. hour __hr.___
4. pint __ pt.__ 11. minute __min.___
5. quart __qt.___ 12. square __sq.___
6. gallon
1. __gal.___ 13. few grains __f.g.___
 Key Vocabulary
1.Bake 24. Simmer
2. . Barbecue 25. Steam
3. Beat 26. Stir
4. Blend 27. Toss
5. Boil 28. Whip
6. Broil
7. Brown
8. Brush
9. Cook
10. Cream
11. Cut In
12. Chop
13. Dice
14. Flour
15. Fold in
16. Garnish
17. Grate
18. Knead
19. Mince
20. Peel
21. Roll
22. Sauté
23. Season
Questions???