IV.

_tnh ton dm chnh:

1.S tnh.
Dm chnh l dm lin tc 4 nhp,kch thc dm gi thit
bdc=300mm, hdc=600mm,b rng ct bc=400mm,on dm k ln tng
bng chiu dy tng bt=340mm.Nhp tnh ton nhp bin v nhp gia
u bng l=4,8m.S tnh ton trn hnh.
a)
1600

1600

1600

1600

4800

1600

1600

1600

4800

1600

1600

1600

4800

1600

b)
4800

4800

4800

1600

4800

4800

Hnh 9 :S tnh ton dm chnh

a)S dm chnh b)S tnh dm chnh
2.Xc nh ti trng:
Trng lng bn thn ca dm a v thnh cc lc tp trung :
G0=bdc.(hdc-hb) .n.l1=0,3.(0,6-0,07).25.1,1.1,6=6,996 kN.
Tnh ta do dm ph truyn vo G1=gdp.l2=7,259.5,4=39,2 kN.
Tnh ti tc dng tp trung G=G0+G1=6,996+39,2=46,2kN.
Hot ti tc dng tp trung truyn vo dm ph:
P=pdp.l2=13,44.5,4=72,576 kN
3.Ni lc tnh ton:
a.Xc nh biu bao mmen
Tm cc trng hp ti trng tc dng gy bt li cho dm.
Xc nh biu bao momen do tnh ti G:
Tra ph lc s 12 c h s
MG= .G.l= .46,2.4,8=221,76. (kNm)
Xc nh cc biu momen un do cc hot ti Pi tc dng:
Xt 6 trng hp bt li ca hot ti,
Ta c MPi= .P.l = .72,576.4,8=348,36. (kNm)
Trong s MP3 cn thiu tnh mmen ti cc tit din
1,2,3,4. tnh ton tin hnh ct ri cc nhp AB,BC.Nhp 1 v 2 c ti
trng,tnh M0=P.l1=72,576.1,6=116 kNm.Dng phng php treo biu
,kt hp cc quan h tam gic ng dng,xc nh c cc gi tr
mmen :
M1=116-1/3.111,8=78,7 kNm
M2=116-2/3.111,8=41,5 kNm
M3=116-2/3(111,8 16,7) 16,7= 35,9 kNm
M4=116-1/3(111,8 16,7) 16,7=67,6 kNm
(vi MB= .P.l=-0.321.348,36=-111,8 (kNm).

MC= .P.l=-0.048.348,36=-16,7 (kNm).

Mo=116

Mo=116

111,8

111,8
16,7

A
M2=41,5

B MB Mc B

C
M3=35,9

M4=67,6

M1=78,7

Mmen tnh ton;

Mmax=MG + max(MPi).

Mmin= MG + min(MPi).

Bng 5:Bng tnh ton v t hp momen:

Mmen
1
2
B
3
(kNm)

MG
0,238
0,143
-0,286
0,079
M
52,78
31,7
-63,42
17,50

0,111
24,62

-0,19
-42,13

MP1

0,286
99,63
-0,048
-16,72

0,238
82,9
-0,095
-33,09

78,7
-0,031
-10,80

41,5
-0,063
-21,95

93,94

71,87

4,18
152,41
36,06

8,36
114,6
-1,39

MP2

MP3

MP4

MP5

MP6
Mmax
Mmin

-0,143
-49,82
-0,143
-49,82
-0,321
-111,80
-0,095
-33,09
-0,19
-66,19
0,036
12,54
-50,88
-175,22
G

42,13

b)
52,78

17,5

31,7
49,82

24,62

44,24

38,37

33,09

c)

99,63
16,72

82,9
33,09

49,82

33,09

d)
111,8

71,76

77,36
16,72

e)
78,7

35,9

41,5

67,6
99,63

10,08

21,95

33,09

f)
38,55

60,73
66,19
33,10

g)

0
71,87
29,03
8,2

h)

4,18

8,36

33,1
49,82

93,94

12,54

-0,111
-38,67
0,222
77,36

35,9

67,6

60,73

38,55

-33,10

-8,2
89,26
-26,74

-29,03
101,98
-14,05

a)
63,42

-0,127
-44,24
0,206
71,76

-0,095
-33,09
-0,095
-33,09
-0,048
-16,72
-0,286
-99,63
0,095
33,09
-0,143
-49,82
-9,04
-141,76
G

Hnh 10.S tnh mmen trong dm.

Biu bao mmen:

Tung ca biu mmen:Mmax=MG+max(Mpi);Mmin=MG+min(Mpi)
175,22

141,76

mmin

26,74
36,06

1,39

14,05

9,04

50,88

Mmax

89,26

101,98

114,6
152,41

Hnh 11:Biu mmen.

Hnh 11 cho hnh nh chi tit hn v Mmax v Mmin cho mt na
dm.Dng biu trn hnh 12 xc nh mmen mp gi M mg .Xc nh
mmen mp gi:t hnh bao mmen trn gi B,thy rng pha bn phi
gi B dc ca biu Mmin b hn pha bn tri.Tnh mmen mp bn
phi gi B s c tr tuyt i ln hn.
Mmg=Mg-(Mg-ME).0,5.bc/l1=
175,22-(175,22-26,74).0,5.400/1600=156,66kNm.
Tng t vi gi C ; MmgC=125,8 kNm.

e1

1,39

26,74

175,22

d1

m=18,56

156,66

b
l 1=1600

200
l 1=1600

hnh 12:S tnh Mmg

b.Tnh v v biu bao lc ct:
Tung ca biu bao lc ct:
-Do tc dng ca tnh ti G: QG= .G= . 46,2 (kN).
-Do tc dng ca hot ti Pi: QPi= .P= .72,576(kN).
Trong h s ly theo ph lc 12,cc trng hp ti trng ly
trong hnh 10, kt qu ghi trong bng.
Trong on gia nhp,suy ra lc ct theo phng php mt ct,xt cn
bng ca on dm.
Thng thng on gia nhp c lc ct kh b nn t thp ai theo
yu cu cu to.

Lc ct(kN)
QG

Q
QP1

Q
QP2

Q
QP3

Q
QP4

Q
QP5

Bng 6: Bng tnh ton v t hp lc ct:

Bn
Gia
Bn
Bn
Gia
phi
nhp
tri gi phi gi nhp 2
gi A
bin
B
B
0,714

-1,286
1,005

32,987 -13,213 -59,413 46,431 0,231

0,857

-1,143
0,048

62,198 -10,378 -82,954 3,484

0
-0,143

-0,143
1,048

-10,378 -10,378 -10,378 76,060 3,384

0,679

-1,321
1,274

49,279 -23,297 -95,873 92,462 19,886

-0,095

-0,095
0,810

-6,895 -6,895 -6,895 58,787 -13,789

0,810

-1,190
0,286

58,787 -13,789 -86,365 20,757 20,757

Bn
tri gi
C
-0,995
-45,969
0
0
-0,529
-38,393
-0,726
-52,690
-1,190
-86,365
0,286
20,757

QP6

0
0
0,036
0,187

0
0
2,613 13,572
95,185 -20,108 -56,800 138,893 20,988 -25,212
22,609 -36,51 -155,28 49,915 -13,558 -132,33

Q
Qmax
Qmin

Biu bao lc ct:

QB=138,894

QA=95,185
22,609

49,915
-20,108

-56,8

-36,51

20,988
-25,212

-13,558

-155,28

QC=-132,33

Hnh 13.Biu bao mt ct.

4.Tnh ton ct thp dc:
Btng vi cp bn B15 c Rb = 8,5MPa; Ct thp CII c
Rs = 280 MPa; Rsc = 280 MPa;

Tra ph lc 9 vi h s iu kin lm vic ca btng b1 = 1, 0 ;H s

hn ch vng nn l R = 0, 65; R = 0, 439; = 0, 675.
a.Vi momen m
Tnh theo tit din hnh ch nht b=300mm,h=600mm.
trn gi ct thp dm chnh phi t xung pha di hang trn
cng ca dm ph nn a kh ln.Gi thit a=70mm,h 0=600mm70mm=530mm.
Ti gi B,vi Mmg=156,66 kNm:
m =

M
156, 66.106
=
= 0, 219 < R =0,439;
Rb .b.h02 8, 5.300.5302

1 + 1 2. m 1 + 1 2.0, 219
=
= 0,875 ;
2
2
M
156, 66.106
As =
=
= 1206mm 2 .
Rs . .h0 280.0,875.530
As
1206
Kim tra % = b .h .100% = 300.530 .100% = 0, 758
dc 0
Ti gi C,vi Mmg=125,8kNm, m =0,176, =0,954,

As=888,58 mm2, =0,559%.

b.Vi mmen dng.
Tnh theo tit din ch T c cnh nm trong vng nn,b dy cnh
hf=70mm.Gi thit a=40mm,h0=600mm-40mm=560mm.
vn ca cnh Sf=ly khng ln hn gi tr b nht trong cc gi tr s
sau:
(1/6)ld=1/6.4,8=0,8m;
Mt na khong cch thong thy gia cc dm chnh cch nhau:
0,5.l=0,5.5,1=2,55 m(do hf>0,1.h,vi h=600mm v cc dm ngang l
cc dm ph c khong cch 1,6m)
Vy Sfmin(0,8;2,55)=0,8.Chn Sf=800mm.
B rng cch bf=b+2Sf=300mm+2.800mm=1900mm.
Mf=Rb.bf.hf.(h0-0,5.hf)=8,5.1900.70.(560-0,5.70)=593,51.106Nmm.
Vy Mmax =152,41kNm<Mf=593,51 kNm.Trc trung ha i qua cnh.
Tnh theo tit din ch nht
b=bf=1900mm,h=600mm,a=45mm,h0=555mm.
Ti nhp bin,vi M=152,41 kNm:
m =

M
152, 41.106
=
= 0, 0306 < R =0,439;
Rb .b f .h02 8, 5.1900.5552

1 + 1 2. m 1 + 1 2.0, 0306
=
= 0, 984
2
2
M
152, 41.106
As =
=
= 997mm 2
Rs . .h0 280.0, 984.555

997

s
Kim tra % = b .h .100% = 300.555 .100% = 0, 60%
dc 0
Ti nhp gia ,vi M=101,98kNm, m = 0,021, =0,989,
As=663,54 mm2, %=0,3995.

Bng 7 B tr ct thp dc cho cc tit din chnh ca dm.

Tit din Nhp bin
Gi B
Nhp 2
Gi C
2
2
As tnh ton
997 mm
1206 mm
663,54
888,58 mm2
mm2
Ct thp
2 18+2 18 2 18+2 22
2 22
2 20+1 20
Din tch
1017,9mm2
1269,2 mm2 760,3 mm2
942,5mm2

70

B tr ct thp trn cc tit din chnh nh trn hnh 14

nh?p bi n

nh?p 2

g i b
2 18

600

2 22

2 18
2 18

1 20

2
3

2 20

2 22

1
2

300

300

g i c

300

300

Hnh 14:B tr ct thp ti cc tit din chnh.

5.Tnh ton ct thp chu lc ct :
Cc lc ct trn dm:
QA = 95,185 kN.
QBt =155,28kN.
QBp =138,894 kN.
Ly lc ct ln nht bn tri gi B,Q max=155,28kN tnh ct
ai,b=300mm chn a=50mm ,h0=550mm.
-kim tra kh nng chu lc ng sut nn chnh ca bng dm.
Qmax=155,28kN
0,3. w1 . b1 .Rb.b.h0=0,3.1.8,5.300.550=420,75 > Qmax.
Vy tha mn iu kin Qmax < 0,3. w1 . b1 .Rb.b.h0
-kim tra s cn thit t ct ai
Qbmin= b 3 .(1 + n ).Rbt .b.h0 =0,6.(1+0).0,75.300.550=74,25kN
Qmax>Qbmin. Nh vy cn phi tnh ct ai.
-iu kin cng .
Q

Mb
+ qsw .C0 (*)
c

*)Q=Qmax-q1.c
pdc
2
2
*)Mb= b 2 .(1 + n + f ).Rbt .b.h0 =2.(1+0+0).0,75.300.5502=136.106

q1=gdc+

Nmm.
Chn ct ai 2 nhnh 6(asw=0,283 cm2)
Asw=2.0,283=0,566cm2.
Chn khong cch s tha mn iu kin smin(sct;smax)
h=600mm sct(h/3,300) sct200.
b 4 .(1 + n ).Rbt .b.h02 1, 5.(1 + 0).0, 75.300.5502
Smax=
=
=657,5mm.
Qmax
155, 28.103

6
7

Chn 6s100.
qsw=

Rsw . Asw 175.56, 6

= 99, 05 .
=
s
100

q1=gdc+pdc/2=46,2+72,576/2=82,5 kN/m.
Thy q1>0,56.qsw
Mb
136.106
=
=865,5mm
q1 + qsw
82, 5 + 99, 05
b2
2
.h0 =
420 = 336mm
2, 5
2, 5
iu kin
b2
2
.h0 =
.420 = 1400mm
b3
0, 6

c=

b2

.h0 c b 2 .h0 chn c=865,5mm.

b3
2, 5

c0=

Mb
136.106
=
= 1172mm .
qsw
99, 05

iu kin: h0=550
Min (c;2h0)=865,5 mm
c0>865,5mm Vy chn c0=865,5mm
Kim tra iu kin (*)
VT=Qmax-q1.c=155,28-82,5.0,8655=83,8
136.106
+ 99, 05.865, 5 =243 kN.
VP=Mb/c+qsw.c0=
865, 5

Q Mb/c+qsw.c0 .Tha mn iu kin (*).

chn 6s100.
6. Tnh ton ct treo :
Ch dm ph k ln dm chnh phi gia c thm ct treo cho dm
chnh . Lc tp trung do dm ph truyn ln dm chnh l:
P1 = P + G1 = 75,576 + 39,2=114,78 kN .
Ct treo c t di dng ct ai ,c din tch cn thit :
P1 (1
Asw =

hs
)
h0

R sw

114, 78 103 (1
175

100
)
550 = 537mm 2

Dng 8 , asw =50,24 mm2 ,hai nhnh th s lng ct ai cn thit l :

n=

537
5 ai chn n=6t mi bn mp dm
2.50, 3

ph ba ai trong on hs = 100mm .Khong cch gia cc ai l

40mm.ai trong cng cch mp dm ph l 40mm.
7.Ct thp cu to:

Ct thp s 9 (214) c s dng lm ct gi nhp bin trong on

khng c momen m.Din tch ct thp l 308 mm2 khng nh hn
0,1%bh0 = 0,1% 300 550 = 165mm 2 .

1600

8a150

1600
4800

8a200

1600

1600

8a150

8a150
4800

7
7

6
510

510

4
510

8a50

340

510
1600

8a200

8a150

b
2 14

2 28

7
2 18

nh?p bi n

600

2
300

nh?p 2
2 18

2 18

2 20

2 22

g i b

2 14

2 18

70

2 22

2 18

1
18
2
300

g i c
1 20

2
3

2 20

2 22

4
300

2 20

2 22

4
300

6
7