Trng THPT Phan Chu Trinh

Gv: Hong Quang Diu

i cng ho hu c
1. t chy hon ton mt hidro cacbon X thu c 4,48 lit CO 2 ( ktc) v 5,4 g H2O . Xc nh CTG nht ca X ? 2. t chy ho ton 7,6 g cht hu c X cn 8,96 lit oxi ( ktc) . bit m CO 2 m H2O = 6g . Tm CTN ca X ? 3. Oxi ho hon ton mt lng cht hu c B cn 0,64 g oxi v ch to thnh 0,33 g nc v 0,88 g CO 2 . Tm CT n gin nht ca B ? 4. Phn tch 0,29 g mt hp cht hu c ch cha C , H , O ta tm c % C = 62,06% ; %H = 10,34 . Tnh khi lng ca oxi ? Tm CTG nht ca cht hu c ? 5. t chy han tan 1,4 gam cht hu c X thu c 4,4 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam nc. Xc nh cng thc n gin ca X ? 6. t chy hon ton 4,1 g cht hu c A ngi ta thu c 2,65 g Na2CO3, 1,35 g nc v 1,68 lt CO2 ( ktc). Xc nh cng thc n gin nht ca A. 7. t chy hon ton 4,45 g hp cht A cn dung va ht 4,2 lt O2. Sn phm chy gm c 3,15 g H2O v 3,92 lt hn hp kh gm CO2 v N2 (ktc). Xc nh CTGN ca A. 8. t chy hon ton 2,2 g cht hu c A, ngi ta thu c 4,4 g CO2 v 1,8 g H2O. a/ Xc nh cng thc n gin nht ca A. b/ Xc nh CTPT ca A bit rng khi lm bay hi 1,1 g cht A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 0,4 g kh O2 cng iu kin nhit v p sut. 9. Hp cht X c % khi lng cacbon, hiro v oxi ln lt bng 54,54%, 9,1% v 36,36 %. MX = 88g/mol. CTPT ca X? 10. t chy hon ton 1,68 g mt hiro cacbon c M = 84 cho ta 5,28 g CO2 . Lp CTPT ca H-C trn ? 11. Hp cht h c X c %C = 62,1 % ; % H = 10,3 % ; %O = 27,6 % . M = 60 . Tm CTPT ca h cht ? 12. t chy ha ton cht hu c cha C, H , Cl sinh ra , 0,22 gam CO 2 v 0,09 gam nc. Khi xc nh clo trong lng cht bng dung dch AgNO3 , ngi ta thu c 1,435 gam AgCl. Hy xc nh CTPT ca HCHC trn bit t khi hi ca n vi hir bng 42,5. 13. Phn tch HCHC thy : c 2,1 phn khi lng C th c 2,8 phn khi lng oxi v 0,35 phn khi lng hir. Hy xc nh CTPT ca HCHC trn bit 1 gam hi cht ktc chim th tch 373,3 ml 14. Khi t 1 lt kh A ,cn 5 lt oxi , sau phn ng thu c 3 lt CO2 v 4 lt hi nc. Xc nh CTPT A bit cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin. 15. T genol ( trong tinh du hng nhu ) iu ch c metylgenol (M = 178 g/mol) l cht dn d cn trng. Kt qu phn tch nguyn t ca metylgenol cho thy: %C = 74,16%, %H = 7,86%, cn li oxi. Lp cng thc GN, CTPT ca metylgenol. 16. t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X cn 134,4 lt khng kh ( ktc). Sn phm chy thu c 32,5g CO2 v 18 g H2O. a. Xc nh CTGN ca X. b. Xc nh CTPT ca X bit rng t khi hi ca X vi O2 l 2,3125. 17. t chy 0,3 g cht A cha cc nguyn t C, H , O ta thu c 224 cm3 kh cacbonic ( ktc) v 0,18 g H2O . T khi hi ca kh A i vi hidr bng 30 . Xc nh CT phn t ca A ? 18. Cho 4,6 lt hn hp gm Hidrcacbon (A) v CO vo 30 lt oxi d ri t. Sau phn ng thu c hn hp 38,7 lt .Sau khi cho hi nc ngng t cn li 22,7 lt v sau khi cho qua dd KOH cn li 8,5 lit. Tm CTPT (A) Bit th tch cc kh o cng iu kin. 19. Khi t 18 g mt cht hu c phi dng 16,8 lt oxi ( ktc) thu c CO2 v hi nc vi t l th tch l VCO2 : VH2O = 3: 2 . T khi hi ca HCHC i vi hir l 36. Xc nh CTPT ca HCHC . 20. Phn tch x gam cht hu c A ch thu c a gam CO2 v b gam nc. Bit 3a = 11b v 7x = 3( a+b) . 3

Trng THPT Phan Chu Trinh a) Xc nh CTGN ca A

Gv: Hong Quang Diu

b) Xc nh CTPT ca A bit t khi hi ca A so vi khng kh nh hn 3. 21. t chy 11,6 g cht A thu c 5,3 g Na2CO3 , 4,5 g H2O v 24,2 g CO2 , bit rng mt phn t A ch cha mt n/t oxi . Xc nh CTPT ca A ? 22. t chy ha ton 0,9 gam cht hu c cha C, H , O sinh ra 1,32 gam CO 2 v 0,54 gam nc .Phn t khi ca cht l 180. a) Tm CTPT ca HCHC trn. b) Tnh th tch khng kh (ktc) cn dng t chy hon ton 18 gam HCHC trn ( khng kh %O = 20%). 23. t chy hon ton 10,4 gam hp cht A ri cho sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh (1) cha H2SO4c bnh (2) cha nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh (1) tng 3,6 gam ; bnh 2 thu c 30 gam kt ta. Khi ha hi 5,2 g A thu c th tch ng bng th tch ca 1,6 g oxi trong cng iu kin nhit p sut. xc nh CTPT ca A 24. Cht hu c X c thnh phn khi lng cc nguyn t nh sau: %C = 60%, %H = 13,3%, cn li l oxi. a. Xc inh cng thc GN ca X. b. Xc nh CTPT ca X bit t khi hi ca X so vi O2 l 1,875. 25. Cht hu c A c thnh phn khi lng cc nguyn t nh sau: %C = 24,24%, %H = 4,04%, %Cl = 71,72%. a. Xc inh cng thc GN ca A. b. Xc nh CTPT ca A bit t khi hi ca A so vi CO2 l 2,25. c. Da vo thuyt cu to ho hc, hy vit CTCT m cht A c th c dng khai trin v dng thu gn. 26. t chy hon ton x mol mt hp cht hu c X thu c 3,36 lit CO2 ( ktc) v 4,5 g H2O . Tm x ? 27. Trong cc cht di y, cht no l ng ng ca nhau? cht no l ng phn ca nhau? 1. CH3CH2CH3 2. CH3CH2CH2Cl 3. CH3CH2CH2CH3 4. CH3CHClCH3 5. (CH3)2CHCH3 6. CH3CH2CH=CH2 7. CH3CH=CH2 8. CH2-CH2 CH2-CH2 9. CH3 C=CH2 CH3 28. Vit cng thc cu to dng khai trin v dng thu gn ca cc cht c CTPT sau: C2H6O, C3H8, C3H6 29. Vit CTCT cc ng phn c th c ca cc CTPT sau: C4H10, C3H8O? 30. Cho phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng: a. CH CH + 2H2 CH3-CH3 b. C2H5Cl + NaOH c. C2H5Cl + NaOH
H2O ancol

C2H5OH + H2O CH2=CH2 + NaCl + H2O

d. H2C=O + HC N HO-CH2-C N Phn ng no l phn ng th? Phn ng cng? Phn ng tch? 31. Cho phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng: a. C2H6 + Br2
as

C2H5Br + HBr 3

Trng THPT Phan Chu Trinh b. C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2 c. C2H5OH + HBr d. C6H14 g. C6H14
xt,t0 xt, t0

Gv: Hong Quang Diu

C2H5Br + H2O

C3H6 + C3H8
t0, Ni

e. C6H12 + H2
xt,t0

C6H14

C2H6 + C4H8

Phn ng no l phn ng th? Phn ng cng? Phn ng tch?