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1.1 )(
1.2 . . . . . . . .
1.3 . . . . . . . . . . .
1.4 . . . . . . . . . . .

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3
3
5
8
10

2.1 ) (
2.2 ) ( .
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2.4 , . . . . . . . . . . .
2.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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12
12
14
16
19
21

3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23
23
25

4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37
37
40
50

5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

51
51
52
60

6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6.2 )( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64
64
68

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 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

71
73
77

6.3
6.4
6.5
7

7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

82
82
90
92

8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

93
93

www.Go o L.c o .il

3

1.1

)(

1.1.1
:
)( ~ A 10 x .30
)( ~ B 8 x .150
)( ~ C 13 x .225
)( ~
D 5 x .319
.
:
)( )) (8.66, 5( )) (4, 6.93( )) (9.19, 9.19( )(3.77, 3.28

1.1.2
, :
)( ).A~ = (8, 6
)( ).B~ = (6, 12
)( ).C~ = (9, 15
)( )~ = (2, 7
.D
, .x
:
)( )) (10, 36.87( )) (13.42, 116.57( )) (17.49, 239.04( )(7.28, 74.05

1.1.3
~a = (4, 22 ) ; ~b = (6, 315) : .
.
:
)~a = (3.71, 1.50) ; ~b = (4.24, 4.24

1.1.4
~a = 2i + 3j .
) (.
:
)~a = (3.61, 56.31

1.1.5
.~a = 3i 5j
.
:
)~a = (5.83, 59.04

www.Go o L.c o .il

5

 1.2
1.2.1
A~ = i + j ; B~ = (2, 3) : .
:
)( .
)( .
)( ~.3A~ 2B
)( ~.4A~ + B
:
)( )) (1, 2( )) (3, 4( )) (7, 3( )(2, 1

1.2.2
.A~ = (8, 50) ; B~ = (10, 30) :
:
)( ~.2A~ 1.5B
)( ~.B~ 3A
:
)( )) (19.94, 97.81( )(24.35, 106.12

1.2.3
:
:
)( .~a + ~b + ~c
)( .1.7~a 3~b 2.4~c

www.Go o L.c o .il

6

a = 10
30
45

30

c=6

b=8

:
)( )) (5.98, 3.24( )(25.3, 30.68

1.2.4
A~ = i 4j 10k B~ = 5i + k )
(?
:
)(4, 4, 9

1.2.5
:
~c .~a + 15~b 7~c = 0

a=6
45
x

30
b=5

www.Go o L.c o .il

7

:
)~c = (9.88, 5.96

www.Go o L.c o .il

8

 1.3
1.3.1
.~a = (3, 4) ; ~b = (1, 1) ; ~c = (2, 1, 2) :
)( ~a ~b ~a .~b
)( ~b ~c ~b .~c
:
)( ) ~a ~b = 7 ; ab = 171.87( ~b ~c = 1 ; bc = 76.37

1.3.2
.~a = (1, 1, 2) ; ~b = (7, 3, 1) :
)( ~a ~b ~a .~b
)( ~a .x
)( ~b .z
)( ~a + ~b .y
:
)( ) ~a ~b = 6 ; ab = 71.4( ) 65.91( ) 97.48( 76.88

1.3.3
.~a = i + 2j + 3k ; ~b = j 5k :
) c (1 ~a .~b
:
)c = (0.808, 0.57, 0.115

1.3.4
.~a = (1, 1, 1) ; ~b = (0, 0, 5) :
~c |~c| = 7 30 ~a 60 .~b
:
) ~c = (1, 6, 3.5 )~c = (6, 1, 3.5

www.Go o L.c o .il

9

1.3.5
!
: c = a + b 2ab cos :
.c
2

www.Go o L.c o .il

10

 1.4
1.4.1
~


 .~a = 2i + j 9k ; b = 20i 10j + 35k :


)( .|~c| = ~a ~b :
)( ,~c = ~a ~b :

)(.
:

)( ) |~c| = 122.42( )~c = (55, 110, 0

1.4.2
.~a = i + 2j + 3k ; ~b = j 5k :
) c (1 ~a .~b
:
)c = (0.808, 0.57, 0.115

1.4.3
,A~ = (a, 3, 0) ; B~ = (5, 2a, 0) : a .
~ B
a ~ ,
||.A
:
a = 2.74

1.4.4
.~a = 3i + ay j 2k ; ~b = bxi + j k :
.~c = ~a ~b = 8i 2j + cz k :
.ay , bx , cz
:
ay = 6 ; bx = 2.5 ; cz = 18

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11

1.4.5
!
: :
b ,a .c

c
sin

www.Go o L.c o .il

12

b
sin

a
sin

2.1

) (

2.1.1
. 5 sm2 .
10 .
)( ?
)( , , , ?
)( , , ?
)( ?
:
)( ) 250 m( 377.55 m ) .15.1 s( ) 23.88 s(

m
s

86.02

2.1.2
vc = 25 ms x ) (t = 0 .
, am = 2 sm2 .
.vm,max = 50 ms
)( , .t = 0
)( , .t = 0
)( ?
)( , , ?
:
)( ) 25 s( 625 m

13

2.1.3
x .x(t) = t3 + 6t 12 m :
)( ? !
)( ? !
)( ?
)( 10 ?
:
)(

m
s

) v(t) = 3t2 + 6(

m
s2

) a(t) = 6t( ) t = 1.41 s(

m
s

v(t = 10 s) = 294

2.1.4

x .a(t) = 2 t 3 sm2 :
)( t = 0 5 ms )?(x
)( t = 2 s ?x(t = 2 s) = 10 m
:
)( 3t ms

4
3t3/2

) v(t) = 5 +( x(t) = 22.98 5t 1.5t2 + 0.53t5/2 m

2.1.5
.v(t) = 5 sin(3t 2) : t = 0
.x(t = 0) = 1 m
)( ?t = 12 s
)( ?t = 3 s
)( t = 0 ?t = 1 s
:
)( ) x(t = 12 s) = 1.73 m(

m
s2

) a(t = 3 s) = 11.31(

m
s

vaverage = 1.59

www.Go o L.c o .il

14

 ) (

2.2
2.2.1

.v0 = 30 ms
d = 20 m h = 12 m . ?
:
37.34 83.22

2.2.2
h , . .d

.hmax = h + d tan
:
2

d
x

2.2.3
v0 = 5 ms d = 2 m .h = 1 m
.a = 1 sm2
, D .
v
0

)( , ?
)( ?D
)( ?
:
)(

m
s

) 4.58( ) 2.07 m( 0.87 s

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15

2.2.4
v0 . ) (t = 0
= 30 .h = 5 m .a = 2 sm2
. = 10 m
.

h
v0

)( ?v0 ,
)( , t = 0 ?
:
)(

m
s

) v0 = 10.03( 2.6 s

2.2.5
,v0 . . 32 h
h
q
. = sin1 ( gh
)( )
v02
)(

qh
g

3+1

= .ttot

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16

2.3
2.3.1

.~r(t) = (t2 , 2t3 + 5t, t + 4) m :

)( 3.
)( .t = 3 s
)( .t = 3 s
:
)(

m
s

)) v(t = 3 s) = (6, 59, 1( ) 69.65 m( 2.89

2.3.2
,~r(t) = (R cos t, R sin t, Rt) m : R
.
)( R ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
) [R] = m ; [] = 1s = rad( ) ~v (t) = (R sin t, R cos t, R) ; v(t) = R( = )~a(t
)( = Hz
s
2
2
(R cos t, R sin t, 0) ; a(t) = R 2

2.3.3
.~r(t) = t2~i 4t~j 2~k m
)( .~v(t) ,
)( .~a(t) ,
)( .aT (t) ,
)( .aN (t) ,
)( .~aT (t) ,
)( .~aN (t) ,
:
)( ) ~v (t) = 2ti 4j + 0k ms(
 2

2t
4

) ~aT (t) = t2 +4 , t2 +4 , 0 sm2(

m
s2

) ~a(t) = 2i + 0j + 0k(

m
s2

22t2

, t24+4 , 0
t2 +4

m
2t
t2 +4 s2

= )) aT (t(

= )~aN (t

www.Go o L.c o .il

17

m
4
t2 +4 s2

= )) aN (t(

2.3.4
.~r(t) = 1.2t3i 500e0.1tj + 0.1 sin (1.5t2 )k m :
)( , ?
)( , ?t = 4 s
)( .t = 1 s
)( .t = 1 s
)( .t = 1 s
:
)( ) ~v (t) = (3.6t2 , 50 e0.1t , 0.3t cos 1.5t2 ) ms ; ~v0 = (0, 50, 0) ms( ~a(t) = (7.2t, 5 e0.1t , 0.3
) cos 1.5t2 0.9t2 sin 1.5t2 ) sm2 ; ~a(t = 4 s) = (28.8, 3.35, 13.17) sm2( )) v(t = 1 s) = (0.08, 0.997, 0(
m
s2

) aT (t = 1 s) = 3.93(

m
s2

aN (t = 1 s) = 7.59

2.3.5
.~r(t) = A cos (t2 )i + A sin (t2 )j m
)( A
)( ?
)( ?
)( ? !
)( ? !
:
) [A] = m ; [] = s12 = rad( )) ) ~v (t) = 2tA ( sin(t2 ), cos(t2( ~a(t) = 2A ( sin(t2 ), cos(t2 ))
)(
s2
)) 42 t2 A (cos(t2 ), sin(t2

2.3.6
v0 = 50 ms = 25 .
, = )~a(t
.(5e0.2t , 9.8) sm2 x y.
)( ?
)( ,t = 0 , ?
)( ? ?
)( ? ?

www.Go o L.c o .il

18

:
)( ) ~v (t) = (70.3225e0.2t , 21.129.8t) ms( ) ~r(t) = (70.32t+125e0.2t 125, 21.13t4.9t2 ) m( = ~v (t
) 2.16 s) = (54.09, 0) ms ; ~r(t = 2.16 s) = (108.04, 22.78) m( = ~v (t = 4.31 s) = (59.76, 21.11) ms ; ~r(t
4.31 s) = (230.87, 0) m

www.Go o L.c o .il

19

2.4

2.4.1
. A .~vA (t) = (3t2 , 2t) ms B
.~vB (t) = (4t, 6t2 ) ms t = 0 A ~r0,A = (27, 9) m B
.~r0,B = (8, 54) m
)( ?
)( ?
)( A B , ?
)( A ?B
:
)( ) ~rA (t) = (27 + t3 , 9 t2 ) m ; ~rB (t) = (8 2t2 , 54 + 2t3 ) m( A
t = 3 s B ) .( ,~r (t) = (t3 + 2t2 35, 2t3 t2 + 63) m
) .( ~v (t) = (3t2 + 4t, 6t2 2t) ms

2.4.2
.v1 = 54 ms
L = 60 m v2 = 36 ms ?
:
s

2
3

2.4.3
, .v1 = 2.4 ms
v2 = 86.4 km . .

hr
:
84.29

2.4.4
1.5 ms . ,
)( ?
)( ,325 m , ?
m
s

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20

7.5 .

:
)(

m
s

)) (1.5, 7.5( 331.44 m

2.4.5
L .a )
( .v
vmax ?
:
L
2a

v=g

2.4.6
xy .~v(t) = (10t2 + 5, 2t 3, 0) ms
,t = 0 , v0 = 4 ms
) (z . .
)( , ?
)( ?
)( , ? .
:
)(

m
s

); ~v (t) = (10t2 , 2t, 4 9.8t

t = 1.225 s ; r = 6.634 m

m
s

)) ~v (t) = (10t2 + 5, 2t 3, 0(

m
s2

)) ~a (t) = (20t, 2, 9.8(

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21

 2.5
2.5.1
xy :
~r(t) = R cos ()~i + R sin ()~j m

) = (t )( .x
)( r .
)( .
)( .
)( .
)( ~k
) .~(t) = d(t ~ ~r
dt
.
:
)( sin , cos ) ; v(t) = R d(t
)( )) r = (cos , sin (
)) ~v (t) = R d(t( )) = ( sin , cos ( = )~a(t
dt
dt
2
2


2
)d (t
)d(t
)d2 (t
)d(t
R dt2 ( sin , cos ) R dt
(cos , sin ) ; a = R dt2 ; ar = R dt

2.5.2
.R = 5 m .(t) = 2t3 rad
, !
:

; a(t) = 60t 9t6 + 1

m
s2

; ar (t) = 180t4

m
s2

a (t) = 60t

2.5.3
, ,s(t) = 2t3 + t2 + 4t m s .
t = 1 s .a(t = 1 s) = 16 sm2 ?
:
R = 18.59 m

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22

2.5.4
. = 7.292 105 rad

s
, ) ,( !
N

:
m
s2

; a = 0.034 cos

m
s

v = 465.2 cos

2.5.5

.R = 0.15 m :
.(t) = 6 t rad
s2
t = 0
0 = 0.2 rad x .0 = 0.5 rad
s
)( x .
)( .t = 1 s
)( .t = 1.2 s
:
)( ) 0.5 + 0.2t + 58 t5/2 rad(
r(t = 1.2 s) = (0.993, 0.122) ; (t
)( ) = 1.2 s) = (0.122, 0.993
m
s2

)~a(t = 1 s) = (1.23, 4.66

www.Go o L.c o .il

23

3.1

3.1.1
m ,.
.

, .
:
T1 = mg sin ; T2 = mg cos

3.1.2
m , :
m

24

 .
:

N1 = mg sinsin+
; N2 = mg sinsin+

3.1.3
m , :

?
:

T1 = mg cossin+
; T2 = mg coscos+
; T3 = mg

3.1.4
:
m2
m1
m1
? m .

2

:
= sin

m1
m2

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25

 3.2
3.2.1
.mA = 10 kg ; mB = 20 kg ; mC = 30 kg . F = 900 N
.C

)( ?
)( )( .
F

:
)( ; TAB = 150 N ; TBC = 450 N

m
s2

) a = 15( ; TAB = 150 N ; TBC = 450 N

m
s2

a = 5.2

3.2.2
m = 12 kg , .
.Nmax = 150 N . = 30 :
)( .a amax ,
?
)( .a amax ,
?
)( .a amax ,
?
)( .a amax ,
?
m

:
)(

m
s2

) amax = 9.8(

m
s2

) amax = 5.66(

m
s2

) amax = 1.03(

m
s2

amax = 6.84

3.2.3
w = 294000 N .~r(t) = 0.04t3i0.2t2 j+0.3tk m
?
www.Go o L.c o .il

26

:
F~ (t) = (7200t, 12000, 0) N

3.2.4
.a .m
) ( .a, g
a

:
 
a
g

= tan1

3.2.5
= 24 .M .
.m , .

.
:
= 24

3.2.6
m .
,m .

www.Go o L.c o .il

27

)( , , ?
)( , , ?
)( . ?
:
)( ) .( ) .( .

3.2.7
.a .m
.s
a
m

?
:
g
s

= amin

3.2.8
: ) ( . m2 .
.m1 = 2 kg ; m2 = 3 kg ; = 20 :
www.Go o L.c o .il

28

m2

m1

?
:
; T1 = 9.84 N ; T2 = 4.92 N

m
s2

; a2 = 0.072

m
s2

a1 = 0.036

3.2.9
m1 = 8 kg .(t) = 0.3t rad :
.m2 = 6 kg m1 ,s = 0.6 ; k = 0.55 m1 m2
.s = 0.8 ; k = 0.7 t = 0 .
m2
m1
)(t

)( m1 ?
)( m2 ?m1
)( ?
:
)( ) t = 1.8 s( ! )(

m
s2

t 1.8 s

9.8(sin 0.3t 0.55 cos 0.3t) t > 1.8 s

= )a(t

3.2.10
m = 80 kg M = 40 kg
. ) (.
)( ?
)( ?a = g

www.Go o L.c o .il

29

:
)(

(m+M )g
4

= ) T(

(m+M )g
2

= T

3.2.11
m1 = 30 kg . .s = k = 0.4 m1
.m2 = 10 kg .s = k = 0.6 m1
.m3 .
)( m3,min ?
)( m3,max m2 m1 ?
)( .m3 = 40 kg ?
m2
m1

m3

:
)( ) m3,min = 16 kg( ) m3,max = 100 kg(

m
s2

a = 2.94

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30

3.2.12
m1 . m1 m2
) ( . ,k m1
. , .
?

m1

m2

:
g

(m1 m2 )sin 2k m2 cos

m1 +m2

=a

3.2.13
m1 = 8 kg , m2 = 6 kg .m = 4 kg
F = 200 N m1 .
)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
F

m1

m2

:
)(

m
s2

) a = 1.31( ) T = 111.1 N( ) T = 66.66 N( T = 88.88 N

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31

3.2.14
,
) .(m1 .
)( .
)( m1 = 30 kg .m2 = 60 kg ?
)( m1 m2 , ?

m1
m2

:
)( ) a = g tan ( ) = 33.69( max = 45

3.2.15
) ( . .
.m1 = 1 kg ; m2 = 4 kg ; , m3 = 3 kg : :
)( m1 !
)( m2 !
)( m3 !

m3

m2

www.Go o L.c o .il

32

m1

:
)(

m
s2

a1 = 5.37 ) .(

m
s2

a2 = 6 ) .(

m
s2

a3 = 0.95 .

3.2.16
m1 ) ( ,
m2 . .a
)( !
)( amax ?
)( ,amax , ?

m
M

:
)( )) T = m(a + g(

M m
g
m

= ) amax( + g) g

m
(a
M

= aM

3.2.17
m = 2 kg ) F (t
2
.y = x2 , x .x(t) = 2t
)( ) F (t ?
)( ?
y
x2
2

=y

)F (t
x

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33

:
)( ) F (t) = 55.2t N( ~ (t) = (55.2t, 27.6) N
N

3.2.18
m .
)( ?
)( ?

:
)( ) N = mg cos2 ( s,min = tan

3.2.19
3 m1 , m2 .m3 .
m1

m2

m3

)( F m3 m1 , m2 ?
)( )(?
:
m1
) F = (m2 + m3 ) m(
)( g
2

m1
g
m2

=a

3.2.20
.(t) = 20t rad
m = 1 kg R = 10 cm
s2
t = 0 . . = 3
. .Tmax = 10 N
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34

)( ?
)( )(?
)( ,
. = 0.5 ?
:
)( ) t = 1.41 s( ) = 9.32 rad( t = 1.1 s

3.2.21
m = 3 ton R = 30 m . = 12
. = 4
m

)( ,
?
)( ) ( ,
. . ?
:
)(

m
s

) vmax = 90.93(

m
s

v = 7.91

3.2.22
m , h
. .

www.Go o L.c o .il

35

!
:
)+s cos
)s cos
; Tmax = 2 R(sin
Tmin = 2 R(sin
)g(cos +s sin
)g(cos s sin

3.2.23
m . A .
.k = tan
m
A

?
:

.

A
cos

= a , a = A tan

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36

3.2.24
: ) ( ) (.

m1

m3
m2

?
:
g

m
4m3
m3
m2
1
4m3
m
1+ m + m3
2
1

= 1 g ; a3

m3
m2

+ m3
1

4
4m3
m2

1+



= 1 g ; a2

m3
m1



2
= a1
1+ 4m3 + m3
m1

m2

3.2.25
m2 . .m1
.k m1 .v0
v
0

m1

m2

)( m1 m2 .
)( m2 m1 m2 .
:
)(

v02
1 m2
2 m1 +m2 k g

)(

v02
1 m2
2 m1 +m2 k g

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37

 4

4.1

4.1.1
:
(1 ) (3, 0 x ) (3, 2 .y
(2 ) (0, 2 y ) (3, 2 .x
(3 ).(3, 2

2
~
.F (~r) = (2 y, 0.5x y, 0) N

)(3, 2

)(0, 2

)(3, 0

!
:
)( ) WF~AB = 7 J :1( ) WF~AB = 6.49 J :2( WF~AB = 6.66 J :3

4.1.2
M = 500 gr ) ( .
F (t) = 3t N .(t) = 1.5t4 rad
.x(t) = 0.5t3 m

38

)F (t
)(t
x

)( .2 m
)( 2 m !
:
)( WF~ = 0.075 J

4.1.3
m = 0.04 kg
.y = 3x2 , , = )F~ (~r
,(5x2 y + e0.2x , x 0.3y 2 ) N .
y
y = 3x2

C
)F (~r

)( A yA = 12 m , B
.
)( A C .yA = yC = 12 m ,
:
AC
AB
Wtot
) Wtot( = 196.11 J
)( = 260 J

4.1.4
m = 1 kg , ) .(A
.R = 0.2 m , , : F1 = 3 N
) ( ,
,F2 = 2 cos .

www.Go o L.c o .il

39

F1

A B .

F2

:
AB
Wtot
= 3.86 J

4.1.5
.~r(t) = t2i + (2t + 1)j 3tk m

.F~ (~r) = 2xyi + 3 xy 2j N t = 0 A t = 1 s .B

~ F A ?B
:
WF~AB = 19.6 J

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40

4.2

4.2.1
, , m2.
m1

m2

.m1 = 10 kg ; m2 = 6 kg :
,0.5 m :
)( !
)( !
)( !m1
)( !m1
)( !
:
)( ) Wm1~g = 0 ; Wm2~g = 29.4 J( ) WT~ ,m1 = 29.4 J ; WT~ ,m2 = 29.4 J( ) Wf~k ,m1 = 29.4 J(
) WN~ 1 = 0( Wtot = 0

4.2.2
. m1 = 120 kg ; m2 = 3 kg
.

m1

1m
m2

m1.

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41

:
m
s

v = 4.32

4.2.3
.R ,
.

, ?
:
53 R !

4.2.4
m = 300 gr
N
.k = 20 m

m
s

v0 = 10 ,
y

v0
h
x

)( ?
)( , , ,
.h = 40 cm . = 36.87
) (1 ?
) (2 ?
:
)( ) max = 1.225 m( )9.52 m (2) 2.09 m (1

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42

4.2.5
m = 2 kg 50 cm 0 = 2 m .
.k = 50 Nm ,
.
m
50 cm

2m

)( ?
)( ?
)( )( ,F = 0.2y N
? ) y (.
:
)( ) max = 1.13 m( 2.35 m , ) 2.5 m ( .
)( max = 1.11 m

4.2.6
m . .A

)( A ?
)( )( , ?B

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43

:
)( ) hmin = 2.5R( NB = 3mg

4.2.7
m = 2 kg , = 53.13 x0 = 2 m
N
.K = 50 m .s = 0.5 ; k = 0.3

m
x0

)( ?
)( ?
)( . ?
:
)(

m
s

) 4.93( ) 1.26 m( 1.19 m

4.2.8
m = 2 kg k1 = 500 Nm ; k2 = 1000 Nm . ,
. 10 cm .
k2

k1

)( ?
)( ?
:
)(

m
s

) vmax = 2.74( 10 cm

4.2.9
m1 = 10 kg . k1 = 20 Nm
.k2 = 40 Nm .1 = 20 cm
20 cm .
www.Go o L.c o .il

44

k2

k1
m

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
)( 5 cm ?
)( ?0.1 ms
:
)( ) 10 cm(

m
s

) vmax = 0.49( ) 20 cm(

m
s

) 0.47( 1.96 m

4.2.10
, F = 10x + 100x3 N :
x / . , ,
.m = 1 kg .15 cm
?
:
m
s

v = 0.45

4.2.11
.k
. .

)( !
)( !

www.Go o L.c o .il

45

:
)( ) 0.17k2(

0.34k2
m

4.2.12
L . , d
.
d

)( ,
!

)( ) ( = 90
d !dmin = 3L5

4.2.13
M L 1/4 , .
, .

?
:
M gL
32

= W

4.2.14
m = 0.2 kg .y = 5 0.7x2
N
,k = 17 m ) ( . t = 0

.A , . .F~ = (y 2x, e2y + x2 ) N
www.Go o L.c o .il

46

~F
y = 5 0.7x2

)( A ?B
)( vA = 20 ms .A
(1 y B , ?
(2 , ?C
:
)(

m
s

) vA = 14.65( (1(2 .

m
s

vC = 24.04

4.2.15

m1
70

m
m2

N
m

.m1 = 2 kg ; m2 = 3 kg ; m = 1 kg ; k = 300
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47

 m1 .k = 2.3
t = 0 = 1 m .
)( t = 0 ?
)( ?
:
)( ) Wf~k = 15.42 J(

m
s

; v2 = 5.04

m
s

v1 = 2.52

4.2.16
m = 100 gr .y = 2 sin x
) (y .F~ (~r) = (2y 2 , x y) N
.A
y
A
C
x

5
2

)F (~r
3
2

)( ?B
)( ay B , , ?
)( ?C
:
)(

m
s

) vB = 24.1( ) .(

m
s

vC = 15.9

4.2.17
N
k = 10 m .
m = 800 gr
F~ (~r) = 10xyj N . t = 0 ,~r0 = (2, 1) m
. , !

www.Go o L.c o .il

48

y
k

)F (~r
m

)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) (2.8, 1.4) m(

m
s

3.79

4.2.18
M L 1/2 . t = 0
.
L
2

)( ?
)( )( !k
:
)(

3
gL
4

= ) v(

3k
gL
4

=v

4.2.19
J

B
r

A
r2

= ) ,U(r r ,

A B .
)( A ?B
)( .r0 !
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49

)( ,E0 r0!

= ?~r2
)( ) U(r ~r1 = ( 2r0 , 2r0 ) m m
.E0
3E0
)( ,E = 4 .
!
) ( r02 , r02

:
)( ) [A] = J m2 ; [B] = Jm(

2A
B

= ) r0(

B2
4A

= ) E0(

B2
16A

E0
4

= ) W(

4A
B

=; r

4A
3B

=r

4.2.20
v0 .
,s(x) = k (x) = Cx ,x = 0 C
.[C] = m1
x
v0

3g sin2
C cos

.v02

www.Go o L.c o .il

50

 4.3
4.3.1
)( 100 W att ? 70 kg

?
:
m
s

E = 3.6 105 J ; v = 101.4

4.3.2
2000 kg 7
?

km
hr

.v = 30

:
P = 19905 W

4.3.3
m = 10 kg x = )U(x
] .100[cos 2x 1 x = 0 .E = 80 J

?x = 0.5 m

:
P = 844.73 W

4.3.4
m = 300 kg . ,v 2
. 20 kW .10 ms
)( ?
)( . ?4
)( )(?
:
)(

kg
m

) = 20( ) t = 4.5 s( x = 20.8 m

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51

 5

5.1
5.1.1
1 kg

m
s

.6 )( ?t = 8 104 s

:
7500 N .

5.1.2
.20 .8 N s

)( ?
)( ?
m
s

:
)( ) 0.41 kg(

m
s

0.49

5.1.3
20 ms ,
. 0.25 kg .0.01 s
?
m
s

:
1250 N

52

30

5.2
5.2.1

m1 = 1 kg
.

m
s

v1 = 10 m2 = 1.5 kg ,
v1
m1

m2

)( ?
)( ?
)( m1 ?
)( ,t = 0.1 s ,Nav , ?
:
)(

m
s

) 4( ) 60%( 6 N s) .( Nav = 60 N

5.2.2
M = 200 kg V = 15 ms . m = 20 kg
v = 3 ms .12 m
m

)( ?
)( ?
)( )( )( ?
)( . ?
:
)(

m
s

) 13.64( 312.6 N s ) .( )( )( ) .(

www.Go o L.c o .il

53

m
s

13.64

5.2.3
m v ,M . v2
.

M
v
2

vmin ?
:
20g

M
m

= vmin

5.2.4
m = 50 gr v0 m1 = 1 kg .
m2 = 2 kg , . 0.8 ms
.1.5 ms
v
0

m1

m2

)( ?
)( ?v0 ,
)( ?
:
)(

m
s

) 61.5(

m
s

) 77.5(

m
s

1.27

5.2.5
m1 = 7.5 kg 10 ms , m2 = 1.5 kg
. , .
) ( ?
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54

m
s

25 30

:
m
s

) (4.725, 2.083 x y .

5.2.6
, .
m1 = 3 kg v1 = 7 ms m2 = 5 kg .
m1 , m2
.m1
m1

m2

)( ?
)( !
)( m1 ?m2
:
)( ) 3.5 ms ; 4.7 ms( ) = 26.57( J~ = (21, 10.5) N s x
y .

5.2.7
m2 .k m1 v0
.m2
v
0

m2

m1

)( :
(1 ?
(2 m2 ?k
)( ,
?
:
)( v0 (1

1
k

m21
m1 +m2

= (2 max

km 2
1
v2
1 +m2 0

2k (m1 +m2 )2 g 2 + m
k

k (m1 +m2 )g+

= ) max( J = m1 v0

www.Go o L.c o .il

55

5.2.8
L = 0.5 m m = 2 kg
. = 45 M = 5 kg .
. = 25
y
L
m
M

M , :
)( .k = 0.4
L
)( ,k (x) = 0.4 x x = L M .
:
)( ) 0.143 m( 0.166 m

5.2.9
N

,k = 24 m .m1 = 2 kg ; m2 = 1.5 kg
. m2
.v0 = 6 ms
v
0

m2

m1

)( ?
)( m2 )( . m1 , ?
:
)( ) max = 1.13 m( ; = 0.45 m

m
s

v = 4.5

5.2.10
2m .~v = v0i .m
m v20 30 .x
x

v0
2

v0

30

www.Go o L.c o .il

56

2m

)( ) 2m ( ?
)( )(?
:
)(

m
s

0.793 9.06 ) .x( !

5.2.11
v = 12 .

M = 10 ton
.
V = 8 m3
!
m
s

kg
m3

, = 998.2

v
M

:
m
s

vf inal = 6.67

5.2.12
m1 = 60 kg .m2 = 3 kg
m3 = 5 kg . ,
, v3 = 8 ms !
, .

)( ?
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57

)( , ,
. ?
:
)(

m
s

) 1.22( !

5.2.13
m1 = m v1 = 3v0 m2 = 2m .

m u1 = 5v0 1 = 63.43 , m2
u2 2 .
u
1

m2

m1

v1

2
u2

)( ) u2 (v0 .2
)( ?
:

)( ) u2 = 2v0 ; 2 = 45( !

5.2.14
m = 1 kg
.k = 100 Nm

m
s

v0 = 10 2 m M = 5 kg
m
v0

:
)( .
www.Go o L.c o .il

58

)( .
)( , m

m
s

u = 1 .

:
)( ) max = 1.08 m( ) max = 1.37 m( max = 0.97 m

5.2.15
M .m ,
.U :
) (1 .A
) (2 ) ( A
) ( , B .
A

A
h
B

)(2
)( ?
)( ? !

h
B

)(1

:
)( ) .2( !

5.2.16
M . .R
m . m .

www.Go o L.c o .il

59

m
R

)( ? !
)( m ?
)( m ? , ? ,
?
:
)( ) .(
.

2gR
m
1+ M

m
M

= ; vM

2gR
m
1+ M

= ) vm( ,

5.2.17
M , . m
h , .
.
m

h
M

)( m ?
)( ?
:
)(

2gh
m
1+ M

= ) v( h

2
M
m+M

= hmax

www.Go o L.c o .il

60

 5.3
5.3.1
, ~rc.m = (4, 0) m .~vc.m. = (4, 0) ms
, ,m2 = 10 gr
.~r2 = (5, 0) m
)( !
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) m1 = 2.5 gr( ) P~ = (0.05, 0) N s(

m
s

)v1 = (20, 0

5.3.2
m M
, .v0 , ,

. , .x1

x2

xc.m.

x1

M
0

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( sin 2 x1

2v02
g

= ) x2( v0 cos

2m
M

)( 2mv0 sin

5.3.3
m = 50 kg .M = 250 kg 1 m ,
1 m . .10 m
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61

m
M
1m

1m

8m

?
:
1.33 m

5.3.4
m = 50 kg M = 120 kg L = 6 m
.v = 4 ms
L

)( ?
)( ?
:
)(

m
s

) 1.67( 1.06 s

5.3.5
m = 6 kg M = 18 kg . = 32
. t = 0 B
.H = 4 m

www.Go o L.c o .il

62

m
g
H

)( , , ?
)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) 4.8 m ; 1.6 m(

m
s

; 6.218

m
s

) 2.073( ) 45.62 N( 0.82 s

5.3.6
:
)(4

)(3

)(2

)(1

:
)(

L
6

) .(

3L
12

) .(

L
4

L
4

5.3.7
R r a

R
r

www.Go o L.c o .il

63

:
) (a, 0

r 3
R3 r 3

= ~rc.m.

www.Go o L.c o .il

64

 6

6.1
6.1.1
?
)( .

)( ?

)( ?

)( ?

65

:
)( ) .( ) .( ) .( .

6.1.2
.
.
11
5.98 1024 kg .1.49 10 m
, ,me = 9.11 1031 kg ,5.29 1011 m
. = 4.136 1016 rad

s
:
.2.65 1040 J s : 1.054 1034 J s :

6.1.3
R
.2m .~r1 = (0, R) ; ~r2 = (R, 0) ; ~r3 = (0,R ) ; ~r4 = (R, 0) :
.m ,
v0 , !

www.Go o L.c o .il

66

v0

v0

v0

v0

)( ?
)( ?
:
)(

v0
)( sin , cos
8

= ) ~vc.m.( sin k

v0
8R

= ~

6.1.4
, m 2m .L ,
, m , 2m ) (y . L2
2m x .v0
y
v0
2m
L
2

m ?

:
Ek = 34 mv02

6.1.5
, m 4m .L
, , m , 45 .x
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67

 4m x .v0

y
v0

4m
L

, ?
:

2v0
2L

= vc.m. = 54 v0 ;

www.Go o L.c o .il

68

45

 )(

6.2
6.2.1

m . ,
?

:
 
1
2

min = tan1

6.2.2
m . ,
,M ?

:


m
+M
2

) (m+M

min = tan1

www.Go o L.c o .il

69

6.2.3
.

x
m2

m1

.m1 ; m2 ; L
)( x ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) T1 = m1 g ; T2 = m2 g( ) N = (m1 + m2 )g( L

m2
m1 +m2

=x

6.2.4
m . .
.
.M .

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) fs = Mg(

2M g
cos

= ) T( ) N = mg + 2Mg tan (

M
m+2M tan

= min

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70

6.2.5
) ( .
. m 0.75 .0.75m
0.15 . ,
!
m,
0.15

)( ?
)( ?
)( ) ( ?
:
)( ) 0.815mg ; 0.935mg( ) 0.56mg( 0.59mg 71.72 .

www.Go o L.c o .il

71

0.75m, 0.75

6.3

6.3.1
.L
)( !
)( !
:
)(

1
ML2
12

= ) Ic.m.( I = 13 ML2

6.3.2
a ,b
.
: .M
:
) Ic.m. = 21 M(a2 + b2

6.3.3
,H R ,M !

H
R

:
3
MR2
10

=I

6.3.4
R r a .
.M

www.Go o L.c o .il

72

R
r

:


R5 25 r 5 a2 r 3
R3 r 3

2
5

I=M

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73

 6.4
6.4.1
. .
!m1
M, R

m2

m1

:
m1 g
m1 +m2 + 21 M

=; a

2m1 gh
m1 +m2 + 21 M

=v

6.4.2
. .
!
M, R

m2

m1

:
m1 g
m1 +m2 + 21 M

=; a

m1 gt
m1 +m2 + 21 M

=v

6.4.3
, m R .
I = kmR2 k .

www.Go o L.c o .il

74

m, R

)( ?
)( ?
:
)(

g sin
1+k

= ) ac.m.( tan

k
1+k

= s,min

6.4.4
, M R ,
?s = 0.7
2
: .Ic.m. = 5 MR2
M, R

:
min = 67.8

6.4.5
. ,
.
K
M, R

)( .
)( m ?

www.Go o L.c o .il

75

:
)(

k
m+ 12 M

6.4.6
m1 = 5 kg R1 = 30 cm
, . ) ( m2 = 1 kg
.R2 = 10 cm .m3 = 3 kg
m1

m2

m3

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)(

rad
s2

) 17.82(

rad
s2

) 53.5(

m
s2

5.35

6.4.7
m r M .R
.
R

v0

)( v0 ) m( ?
)( , ,
www.Go o L.c o .il

76

 . v .
.
?
:
)( )) v0,min = 1.91 g(R r(
p



Rr
R

m
M +m


vc.m. = v 1

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77

6.5

6.5.1
L M y .
m ~v0 = v0 x d . )(.
: .Ic.m. = 121 ML2
M
v0
m
L

)( ?
)( m ? .M, L, d
:
M
2
1+ 12d2

=m

6.5.2
L M v0 , .
, .
M, L

v0

M, L

)( ?
)( , ?
)( ?
:
)(

v0
2

= ) vc.m.(

3v0
5L

= ) ( 35%

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78

6.5.3
m L .M
v0 . m 2v0 ,
.
m

v0
M, L
2v0

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( 3vL0

m
m+ M
6

= ) ( v0

35.7%

M m
M +2m

= ) vc.m.(

6.5.4
L y .
m , x x
v0 , .


. L2 , 0 .m
, !
y
v0
L
2

L
2

L
2

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79

v0

:
3v0
2L

6.5.5
L = 60 cm M = 2 kg , = 20
. , m = 1 kg
H = 80 cm .
.

M, L

m
H
D

)( ?
)( ?
)( ,
?
:
)( ) 12.7( ) 0.139 m(

2g
L

6.5.6
L M . L2
. .0
)( .
: .Ic.m. = 121 ML2

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80

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?

M, L

:
)( )( , ) .( ) vc.m. = L2 0( = 0

6.5.7
L M .
.0 )( B D
) (.
: L M .Ic.m. = 121 ML2
y
B

M, L

M, L

M, L

M, L

)( , ?
)( ?
)( ?

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81

:
)( ) .(

2
L0
4

= ) vc.m.( = 0

6.5.8
. h ,
.v0 . 97 v0
: .Ic.m. = 52 mR2
h
R

!h = 45 R

6.5.9
m R1 = 2R .0
, m R2 = 1.5R
. .
m, R2

m, R1

)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) = 0.640( 36% .

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82

 7

7.1

7.1.1
M = 500 gr .k = 100 Nm
15 cm . M
m = 200 gr .L = 0.5 m
L
M

)( M ?
)( 0.2 ?
)( ?
)( M ?
)( m ?
:
)( ) 0.15 m( 0.061 m ) .(

m
s

; 3.03

m
s

) 0.91( ) 0.064 m( 86.33

7.1.2
2 kg : 10 cm
, 40 cm .
.0.3 s

)( !
83

)( 30 cm !
)( 20 cm
)?(t = 0
:
)(

N
m

) k = 219.3(

m
s

v = 1.48 .

m
s2

a = 5.41 ) .( t = 0.118 s

7.1.3
m = 1 kg .
N

.k = 200 m , .

)( !
)( 0.1 ?
)( 0.02 m ?
:
)( ) A = 0.049 m(

m
s

v = 0.685 ) .( t = 0.066 s

7.1.4
N
.k = 1500 m
m1 = 10 kg
m2 = 5 kg .0.3 m ) (t = 0
.
k

m1
k
m1 m2
0.3 m

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84

)( , . m2
?
)( m2 m1 ?
)( m1 , ?
:
)(

m
s

) 3( ) 0.14 m( !

7.1.5
m1
.m2 = 4 kg .s = 0.8

N
m

.k = 256
m2

m1

!
:
s (m1 +m2 )g
k

= Amax

7.1.6
N
k1 = 180 m m2 = 15 kg .k2 = 150 Nm
m1 = 12 kg
.4 m m2
,m1 .
.
k1
k2

m2

)( m2 ?m1
)( ?
)( ?
)(

m
s

?0.1

:
)( ) 0.0913 s(

m
s

; 12.648

m
s

) 15.492( ) A = 0.0115 m( t = 0.064 s

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85

m1

7.1.7
m1 = 600 gr .k = 12 Nm
30 cm . 10 cm
.m2 = 900 gr .
k

m2

m1

10 cm

)( m1 ?m2
)( m1 ?
)( ?
:
)( ) t = 0.428 s(

m
s

) v = 1.26( max = 0.115 m

7.1.8
m1 = 1 kg .0 = 0.2 m 0.8 m
m2 = 0.5 kg . m1 ,
T
) .(t = 0
T ) t = 12 ( m1 .2 ms m1 ,
) ( m2 .
k
0.8 m
m1

m2

)( ?
)( ?
)( ?
:
)(

rad
s

) A = 0.47 m ; = 8.57(

rad
s

) A = 0.4 m ; = 7( t = 0.3 s

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86

7.1.9
m = 80 kg ,M = 100 kg .
.k = 5000 Nm 3 m
. , v0 = 3 ms
.
v0

m
k
M

)( ?
)( M ?
:
)( ) A = 1.9 m(

m
s

6.75 M ,

m
s

46.28 M .

7.1.10
L = 1 m 1 = 3 ) .(t = 0
,
, L2 .
L
2

)( ?2 ,
)( , 1 ?
)( ?t = 1 s
:
)( ) 4.14( ) 1.713 s( 3.39

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87

7.1.11
m1 > m2 . .m
, .

m1

m2

?
:
> T

> 2 T

7.1.12
m2 R .M
m1 . m1 .k
. , .
m2 , h , .
k

M, R

m2
h

)( ?
)( .
)( A .f
)( , m2 !
:
)(
)(

m2 g
k

= ) (

t+

k
m1 +m2 + 21 M

k
m1 +m2 + 21 M

q

1
2

= f A = h

x(t) = h cos

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88

m1

q

q
k
k
v(t) = h m1 +m2 + 1 M sin
t+
m1 +m2 + 21 M
2
q

k
k
t+
a(t) = h m +m + 1 M cos
m +m + 1 M
2

7.1.13
R M . .s
k . A0
, . !
M, R

)( ?
)( , !
)( s,min ?
N
)( ; m = 2 kg :
.k = 100 m ? A30
:
)(

2k
3m

=
q

2k
x(t) = A0 cos
)( t +
3m
q
q

2k
2k
v(t) = A0 3m sin
t+
3m
q

2k
2k
cos

t
+

a(t) = A0 3m
3m

7.1.14
m1 m2 .k
.
k

m1

)( ?
: , .
)( )( m1 m2 .m2 m1
:
)(

k
) m1 m2 /(m1 +m2

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89

m2

7.1.15
m1 = 20 kg .m2 = 30 kg m1
.k = 1000 Nm .
k
m1

m2

)( m1 ?
)( m1 ?
:
)( ) A = 0.294 m( t = 0.326 s

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90

7.2

7.2.1
m = 50 gr .k = 25 Nm t = 0 0.3 m
. f = bv , 5
.0.1 m
!b
:
kg
s

b = 0.022

7.2.2
.k = 12000

m = 10 kg
f = bv .b = 3 kgs
)( ?
)( ?
)( 5% ?
N
m

:
)(

rad
s

) = 34.64( ) 2.7%( 10.

7.2.3
N
m = 0.5 kg
.k = 100 m
v ) f = 0.08v ( . 0.2 m
.

:
www.Go o L.c o .il

91

)( ?2
)( 0.3 ?
:
)( ) t = 8.66 s(

m
s

v(t = 0.3 s) = 2.47

7.2.4
M = 2m k .
m )( ,
h .
h

)( A 0 ?
.m, k, h, g
)( ,f~ = ~v ,
. 2 < 8mk . 1e ,
W n !
:
q
h
i

) A = 2mgh( ; W = mA2 2 e m n 1 e m
)(
k

2
16m

k
2m

=;

4m

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92

7.3

7.3.1
:
x + 3x = 10 cos t

, , ?
:
rad
s

3 = 1.732

= res

7.3.2
N
.k = 300 m F (t) = 12 sin 4t N .
m = 20 kg
.f = 30v
)?(st eadyst at e

:
A = 0.0986 m

7.3.3
N
m = 6 kg
k = 180 m .
,f = 40v v , .F (t) = F0 cos t
)(?res ,

:
rad
s

res = 2.79

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93

8.1
8.1.1
.T = 75.6 years
)( .r = 8.55 1010 m )(?x ,

sun

x
2a

:
x = 5.26 1012 m

8.1.2
.2RE
?4RE

94

:
GME m
8RE

= E

8.1.3
w = 980 N ,
1000 km .
: ME = 5.98 1024 kg .RE = 6380 km
)( ?
)( , ?
)( , .R = 5000 km
.w = 588 N ?m
:
)(

m
s

) v = 7352( m = 2.224 1022 m

8.1.4
.
: ME = 5.98 1024 kg .MM = 7.35 1022 kg
.384, 400 km
)( ?
)( ,
)(?
)( ,
)(?
:
)( 3.46 108 ) .(

m
s

) 11060.7(

m
s

11050.4

8.1.5
. R = 5 106 m
. 24 , .20000 km
.
)( ?M ,

www.Go o L.c o .il

95

)( ?
)( ?
:
)( ) M = 6.34 1023 kg( ) 67.88 hr(

m
s

3847.3

8.1.6
m , .
. , ,r0
v0 ) (.
)( ?
)( ?
:
)( , ) .(

Gm
Gm/r0 v02 /4

= rmax

8.1.7
.3RE
m . A = 34 , B
.

A
B

3RE

www.Go o L.c o .il

96

)( A ? , ?
)( B ?
)( A 4RE ?
)( A )(?
:
)( ! )(

m
s

) 16302(

m
s

) 16617( 24.3

8.1.8
m .R1
.R2 :
) (1 .
) (2 .
R2
R1

.G, ME , m, R1 , R2
)( )?(1
)( )?(2
:
)(

R2 R1
) R1 (R2 +R1

1
GME m
2

)(

R2 R1
) R2 (R2 +R1

1
GME m
2

8.1.9
m = 4 ton = 15 .v0 = 8000 ms
2RE . A 23 m
, B 31 m .
www.Go o L.c o .il

97

v0

2RE

)( ?
)( B ?
)( B ) (?
:
)(

m
s

1295 53.13 ) .(

m
s

8386 73.8 ) .( !

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98