ECE3260 2004

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20 20,000 Hz

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Important Concepts

Hearing function

Dynamic range

Frequency response

Sensitivity

Prebycusis

Selectivity Structure of the ear

Outer ear

Middle ear

Inner ear Signal processing

Tuning curves

Critical bands (critical bandwidth)

Binaural hearing

Localization, Precedence effect,

Hass effect Psychoacoustics

(Fechner's law)

Logarithms

The Ear (SWF)

http://activity.ntsec.gov.tw/lifeworld/content/brain_cc16.html

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Measuring Acoustic energy

Sound pressure level

Frequency response

Sound power level

Sound intensity level

Inverse square law

Multiple sources

Perception of acoustic energy

Loudness level (phons)

Loudness of pure tones (sones)

Loudness of complex tones

(pp, p, f, ff)

Musical dynamics

Forward masking

Backward masking

Central masking

Partial masking

Noise

White noise

Pink noise

C
C

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Pitch Scales

Octave

Semitones

Mels

Barks

Pitch Discrimination

Just noticeable difference

Frequency resolution

Difference limens

Pitch of pure tones

Steven's Rule

Acoustic uncertainty principle

Pitch of complex tones

Virtual pitch

Pitch theories

Place theory

Periodicity theory

Absolute pitch

A440

Pitch standard (A440)

Perception of timbre

Timbre

Tone quality subjective

Fourier analysis of complex tones

Effects of envelope and duration on timbre

Tristimulus diagrams

Vibrato

Frequency vibrato

Amplitude vibrato

Blend of complex tones

Analytical listening

Synthetic listening

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Beats

Binaural beats

Second-order beats

Non-linear effects

Combination tones

Modulation

Aural harmonics

Summation tones

Musical effects

Musical staff

Musical intervals consonance & dissonance

Pure tones

Complex tones

Chords

Central nervous system

Autocorrelation

Cross- correlation

Cerebral dominance

Beats (SWF)

P y x
y

Scalescala

12

C C C
171

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Musical scales
Pentatonic
Chromatic
Diatonic
Semitones
Scales and temperaments
Just intonation
Pythagorean scale
Meantone temperament
Equal temperament
Electronic tuners
Ratios
Cents