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CHNG I TNG QUAN V KHUN V QUY TRNH THIT K KHUN P PHUN 1.1 TNG QUAN V KHUN P PHUN: Mt thit k c bt u khi nh thit k nhn c bn v hay mu sn Phm.Cc thng s c bn lc ny s l : My gia cng thuc lai No?C bao nhiu long khun trong mt khun?Loi nha dng cho sn Phm ?Nhn thy rng cc thng tin ny thc s quan trng nhng Chng ta cn lu ti cc vn sau : 1. Cc tnh cht ca nha lm sn phm . 2. S lng sn phm cn sn xut l bao nhiu ta c th tnh ton s B tui th ca khun . 3. Chu k p ht bao nhiu thi gian. 4. Ni sn phm s dng v sn phm dng vo vic g? 5. Dung sai lp gp ca sn phm (nu c ). 6. co rt ca nha lm sn phm . 7. Gc thot khun bao nhiu th ph hp. 8. Loi h thng no l ph hp ,Knh dn ngui hay knh dn nng Hay c hai loi 9. V tr ming phun ,dng chy ,ng dn ,ni li sn phm. 10.Kch thc ca ming phun . 11. Trn khun c khc ha hoa vn hay k t g khng? 12. Cc chi tit thay th cho khun khi cn thit. 13. Cc thng s ca my p phun ,kch c ,kch thc u phun ,cng sut lm do. 14. Tnh t ng ha ca my. 15.Thi gian hon thnh. 16. Gi thnh. Ngoi cc vn trn nh thit k cng cn phi tip nhn thm mt s Thng tin t pha khch hng c mt thit k tha mn nhu cu Khch. 1.2 CHN LOI KHUN THIT K:

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1.2.1 Khun hai tm: 1.2.1.1 Khun hai tm c knh dn ngui: Khun hai tm l loi khun n gin nht.So vi khun hai ba tm Th gi khun hai tm r hn v chu k p phun ngn hn.i vi khun hai Tm c mt lng khun th khng cn n knh dn nha v nha s in y trc tip vo khun thng qua bc cung phun.i vi khun hai tm C nhiu lng khun th ta nn quan tm nhiu n vic thit k knh dn V ming phun sao cho nha c th in y vo cc lng khun cng lc (vn cn bng dng chy ca nha).Trc khi bt u thit k khun Loi ny ta nn dng mt mu phn tch th trn phn mm tm ra v Tr t ming phun thch hp nht.Khi xt thy v tr cc ming phun c th t thng hng vi cc lng khun th vic dng khun hai tm l thch Hp.

Hnh 1.1: Khun hai tm c knh dn ngui V vn cn bng dng v i hi cc ming phun phi c b tr Thng hng vi cc lng khun m vic thit k khun hai tm c nhiu Lng khun gp nhiu hn ch i vi mt s loi nha nht nh.Do khc phc nhc im ny ngi ta dng n khun ba tm hoc Khun hai tm c knh dn nng.

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1.2.1.2

Hnh 1.2: Kt cu khun hai tm c nhiu lng khun. Khun hai tm c knh dn nng:

Khun hai tm dng knh dn nng lun gi cho nha chy trong Bc cung phun, knh dn v ming phun nha ch ng c khi n chy Vo lng khun. Khi khun m ra th ch c sn phm (i khi c knh Dn ngui) c ly ra ngoi.Khi khun ng li th nha trong cc knh Dn vn nng v tip tc in y vo lng khun mt cch trc tip. Knh dn trong khun c th bao gm c knh dn ngui v knh dn Nng.

Hnh 1.3: Kt cu khun hai tm c knh dn nng. i vi loi khun ny, cc ming phun phi c v tr trung tm Ca Cc lng khun. iu ny c ngha l cc knh dn phi c t xa Mt Phn khun.Nhng iu ny khng gy bt k tr ngi no cho vic Thit K. Loi khun ny cng ph hp vi khun c nhiu lng khun vi

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Kch Thc nh hay nhng khun m h thng knh dn phc tp v ph Nhiu Vt liu. + u im : + Tit kim vt liu. + Khng c vt ca ming phun trn sn phm. + Gim thi gian chu k. + iu khin c s in y v dng chy ca nha. + Nhc im : + Gi thnh cao hn khun hai tm c knh dn ngui. + Kh i mu vt liu + H thng iu khin nhit d b hng. + Khng thch hp vi nhng vt liu chu nhit km. 1.2.2 Khun ba tm: So vi khun hai tm thi h thng knh dn ca khun ba tm c t trn tm th hai song song vi mt phn khun chnh.Chnh nh tm Th hai ny m knh dn v cung phun c th ri ra khi sn phm khi Khun t m (t ct ui keo).

Hnh 1.4: Kt cu khun ba tm. Khun ba tm c s dng khi m ton b h thng knh dn Khng th t trn cng mt phng nh khun hai tm.iu ny c th l Do:
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> Khun c nhiu lng khun. > Khun c mt lng khun nhng phc tp nn cn hn Mt vi tr phun nha. > Kh khn trong vic chn ra mt vi tr phun thch hp khc. > V phi cn bang dng nha gia cc knh dn vi nhau Nn buc phi thit k knh dn khng nm trn mt phan Khun. im c trng ca khun ba tm l t ct ui keo.

Hnh 1.5: Khun ba tm. u im : + Gi thnh thp hn so vi khun hai tm c knh dn nng. + t bi hng hc hn khun c knh dn nng. + C th ph hp vi nhng vt liu chiu nhit km. Nhc im : + Chu k p phun tng do hnh trinh ca ng nha in y Lng khun di. + Lng ph nhiu vt liu. + Cn p sut phun ln in y. 1.3 TNH GI KHUN:

Sau khi chn c loi khun cho thit k,iu quan trng l ngi Thit k phi a ra mt gi khun ph hp cho khch hng.Thng Thng gi khun c tnh bi ngi thit k hay ngi chuyn bo Gi ca b phn kinh doanh.Khi bo gi thng da vo kinh nghim v Gi ca loi khun c thit k trc .Ngoi ra,ngi bo gi Cng c th da vo tnh phc tp hay tnh mi l ca sn phm bo Gi.Mc ch cui cng ca vic bo gi l a ra mt gi hp l v c Tnh cnh tranh trn thi trng.Do ngi bo gi v ngi thit k cn
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Phi hiu r loi khun s c lm v h thc s phi n khp vi nhau trnh trng hp bo gi qu cao hay qu thp.Tuy nhin m s khch Hng tnh s b gi khun trc khi h t hng v th gi khun cng C th c nh ngay thi in t hng .
1.4 THIT K LNG KHUN:

1.4.1 S lng khun: Ta c th cn nhc chn s lng khun ph hp vi cc thng tin sau : Kch thc my p phun(Nng sut phun ln nht v lc kp ln nht). Thi gian dao hng. Yu cu v cht lng sn phm. Kt cu v kch thc khun. Gi thnh khun. S lng khun thng thng c thit k theo dy s sau : 2,4,6,8,12,16,24,32,48,64,96,128.v cc lng khun s d dn c sp xp theo hnh ch nht hoc hnh trn. Thng thng ta c th tnh s lng khun cn thit trn khun da vo: S long sn phm, nng sut phun v nng sut lm do ca my phun, Lc kp khun ca my.
S lng khun tnh theo s lng sn phm trong n t hng :

Trong : n : S lng khun ti thiu trn khun. L : S sn phm trong mt l sn xut. K : H s do ph phm, K=1/(1-k). Vi k l t l ph phm. tc : Thi gian ca mt chu k p phun (s). tm: Thi gian hon tt l sn phm ny.(ngy)

t m)

n = L x K x tc / ( 24 x 3600 x

S lng khun tnh theo nng sut phun ca p phun :

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n = 0,8xS/W Trong : n : S lng khun ti thiu trn khun. S : Nng sut phun ca my(gam/mtlnphun). W : Trng long ca sn phm (g). S lng khun tnh theo nng sut lm do ca my : n = P/(X x W). Trong : n : S lng khun ti thiu trn khun. P : Nng sut lm do ca my (g/pht). X : Nn s phun trong 1 pht (1/pht). W : Trng lng ca sn phm (g). S lng khun tnh theo lc kp khun ca my : Trong : n : S lng khun ti thiu trn khun. S : Din tch b mt trung bnh ca sn phm k c cc rnh dng tnh theo Hng ng khun.(mm2) Fp : Lc kp khun ti a ca ca my (N) P : p sut trong khun (Mpa). n = S x P/ FP

1.4.2 Cch b tr lng khun: Trn thc t,ngi ta thng b tr lng khun theo kinh nghim m Khng c bt k s tnh ton hay m phng no.Nhng nu lm nh vy i khi ta gp mt s li trn sn phm,c bit i vi nhng khun c Nhng lng khun khc nhau trn cng mt khun v khi y ta phi sa Loi khun(iu ny rt tn cng v tn km thi gian v tin bc).Do trnh vic ny xy ra ta nn m phng qu trnh in y ca tng Lng khun m khng c h thng knh dn bit chng c in y Nh th no.Khi y ta s thit k h thng knh dn to s cn bng Dng cho tng lng khun. Khi b tr lng khun ta nn b tr lng khun theo cc cch sau:

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Hnh 1.6: Cc kiu b tr lng khun dng hnh ch nht.

Hnh 1.7: Cc kiu b tr lng khun dng hnh trn v ng thng. 1.5 THIT K H THNG DN NHA: H thng nha trong khun lm nhim v a nha t vi phun ca My p phun vo cc lng khun.H thng ny gm:cung phun, knh Dn v ming phun.Thng thng trong thit k ngi ta thit k knh Dn v ming phun trc ri mi n cung phun v kch thc ca cung Phun ph thuc vo kch thc knh dn v ming phun.

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Hnh 1.8 H thng dn nha. 1.5.1 Cung phun (Sprue): Cung phun ni trc tip vi vi phun ca my p phun a Nha vo knh dn qua ming phun vo cc lng khun.

Cung Phun

Hnh 1.9: V tr cung phun. u cung phun nn cng nh cng tt nhng vn phi m bo S in y ng u gia cc lng khun vi nhau.Gc cn ca Cung phun cn phi ln d thot khun nhng ng knh Cung phun th ng qu ln v s lm tng thi gian lm ngui v
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Tn vt liu.Trn thc t ngi ta t gia cng cung phun lin trn Khun (tr nhng khun n gin)m ngi ta dng bc cung phun tin gia cng v thay th. Hin ti trn thi trng c 3 loi bc cung phun ph bin c cc ng knh ngoi 12mm,14mm,20mm.Ty thuc vo khi lng Tng sn phm, kch thc knh dn v ng knh ca vi phun Trn my phun m ta dng loi bc cung phun no cho ph hp.

Hnh 1.10 : Bc cung phun trn khun. Trn khun,cung phun s c y ri khi khun cng lc vi Sn phm.Do cn c mt b phn ko cung phun li trn tm di ng(tm khun c)khi m khun cung phun c th ri khi bc Cung phun.Thm vo ,ngi thit k c th li dng phn nha gi cung phun lm ui ngui chm(cold slug well)nh m Qu trnh in y cc lng khun tt hn. 1.5.2 Knh dn nha (Runners): Cc knh dn nha l cu ni gia cc ming phun v cung phun. Chng lm nhim v a nha vo cc lng khun.V th khi thit K chng cn phi tun th mt s cc nguyn tc k thut m Bo cht lng cho hu ht sn phm.Sau y l mt s nguyn tc M ta cn phi tun th: > Gim n mc ti thiu s thay i tit din knh dn. > Nha knh dn phi thot khun d dng. > Ton b chiu di knh dn nn cng ngn nu c th trnh Mt p v mt nhit trong qu trnh in y.

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> Mt ct knh dn phi ln m bo s in y cho ton B sn phm m khng lm thi gian chu k qu di, tn thm Nhiu vt liu v lc kp ln. 1.5.2.1 Knh dn ngui: A.:Cc loi tit din ngang ca knh dn nha: Knh dn c nhiu dng mt ct ngang khc nhau nhng Ph bin l cc loi knh dn c mt ct ngang hnh trn,hnh Thang hiu chnh, hnh thang,hnh ch nht v hnh bn nguyt.

Hnh 1.11 :Cc loi tit din knh dn nha. so snh cc loi knh dn ngi ta dng ch s ng knh Thy lc v s cn dng.Khi ng knh cnh ln th s cn dng Cng b.Ta c th tnh ng knh thy lc da vo cng thc sau: Dh = 4A/P Vi Dh : ng knh thy lc. A : Din tch mt ct ngang. P : Chu vi. B. :Kch thc knh dn nha: Vic tnh ton c ng knh v chiu di knh dn hp l l Rt quan trng v khi mt knh dn qu ln hay qu di s lm cn Tr ng v gy tn nhiu vt liu v lm tng thi gian chu k.Do ta nn thit k knh dn nh mc c th c th li dng nhit Ma st trn n gia nhit cho nha lng gip qu trnh in y lng Khun thun li hn v sn phm t b qu nhit. Ngoi ra ta c th tnh ton kch thc knh dn theo cng thc sau :
D = W x L /3,7

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1.5.2.2

D : ng knh knh dn(mm). W : khi lng sn phm (g) L : chiu di knh dn (mm) Hoc : D=DxfL Trong : D : ng knh knh dn tham kho. fL : h s chiu di. Knh dn nng :

Trong :

Knh dn nng c dng cho nhng sn phm c kch thc ln (V tivi,vi tnh,cc chi tit trn xe hi)hoc mng hoc lm bng loi Nha cn c duy tr ti nhit chy do nh:HDPE, LDPE, POM, PBT, PCBn trong knh dn nha s lun c duy tr trng thi chy do m bo sn phm c in y ng b.

Hnh 1.12 Cc loi h thng knh dn nng. A. Cc loi knh dn nng : C hai loi knh dn nng:knh dn cch ly v knh dn gia nhit.
Knh dn cch ly (insulated runners) :

Knh dn cch ly c cu to gm mt lp nha ngui ng vai tr l Mt Lp cch ly v mt li nha lun c duy tr trng thi chy do Nh ng nhit in.Bn trong ng nhit in l cht nhn c th di Chuyn Ln xung ng ngt dng phun nha.Nh vy,kch thc ming Phun ln hay nh s ty thuc vo khe h m cht cho dng nha chy Qua.

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Hnh 1.13: Knh cch ly.

u im : - D thit k.

Gi thnh r. Tit kim vt liu do ph liu vt liu.

Nhc im : - Thi gian chu k qu ngn d duy tr trng thi chy Do cho nha.
-

Cn thi gian khi ng di n inh nhit chy do.

i khi gp mt s li trong qu trnh in y. Kh i mu vt liu. Knh dn c gia nhit (heated runners) : Knh dn c gia nhit gm hai lai : loi gia nhit trong v gia nhit Ngoi. Knh dn gia nhit ngoi c b gia nhit bao quanh li nha nng. Cn knh dn gia nhit trong th c nha bao quanh cht nng.Tng t Nh knh dn cch ly,lu lng phun u c iu khin bi s di Chuyn ca cht. 1.5.3 Ming phun cho knh dn ngui: Ming phun l ng kt ni knh dn v lng khun. Ming phun C chc nng rt quan trng l a nha lng in y vo lng khun v Th vic tnh ton kch thc v b tr ming phun c ngha quyt inh n cht lng sn phm.

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Hnh 1.14 Ming phun trn khun.

1.5.3.1 Cc loi ming phun ct bn tay:

Loi ming phun trc tip thng dng cho cc khun c mt lng Khun, ni m vt liu c in y vo lng khun trc tip m khng Qua h thng knh dn.Chnh v khng c h thng knh dn nn vic Mt p trong qu trnh in y l rt b.Tuy nhin,nhc im ca loi Ming phun ny l li vt ct rt ln trn b mt sn phm.S co rt c quyt inh bi b dy sn phm v ng knh. 1.5.3.2 Phn loi ming phun: a) Ming phun bng tay: Ming phun ct bng tay l loi ming phun dnh theo sn phm Sau khi p phun.Ta d dng nhn ra cc sn phm nha c ming phun ct Bng tay qua vt ct cn li trn b mt ca chng.Do ,vi loi ming Phun ny nn thit k kch thc nh mc c th m bo tnh thm M cho sn phm ming phun.in hnh l s co rt ca phn nha gn Ming phun s nh v ti ming phun s ln.iu ny a n hu qa l ng sut cng gn ming phun ln. b) Ming phun kiu bng(Tab gate): Ming phun kiu bng th ng c lm gim ng sut trong Lng khun v ngn nga li to ui cho cc chi tit phng v mng. ng sut sinh ra trong lng khun s c tp trung bng, m s c Ct b sau khi p phun. Ming phun kiu bng ph hp dng cho cc loi nha PC, Acrylic, SAN, ABS,

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Hnh 1.15:Ming phun kiu bng v vt ct n li. c) Ming phun cnh (Edge gate): L loi ming phun thng dng,c th dng cho nhiu sn phm bi Kt cu rt n gin v khng cn chnh xc cao.Ming phun cnh c t trn mt phn khun v in y lng khun t bn hng,trn hay di. d) Ming Phun kiu gi(Overlap gate): L l ming phun tng t nh ming phun kiu cnh,ch khc nhau ch l ming phun nm lp trn b mt sn phm.

Hnh 1.16:Ming phun kiu gi. e) Ming phun kiu qut: Ming phun kiu qut thc cht cng l ming phun kiu cnh c B rng b bin i.Ming phun kiu ny cho dng chy m v cho php in y lng khun mt cch nhanh chng nn rt ph hp cho cc sn

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Phm ln v dy.Thm vo ,ming phun kiu qut cng to ra dng Chy lan ta nn gip trnh c ng hn ni c b dy mng trn Sn phm.

Hnh 1.17:Ming phun kiu qut. Ming phun kiu qut nn c lm cn c b rng ln b dy c mt ct ngang khng thay i.iu ny gip m bo : + Vn tc chy l hng s. + Tonb b rng c dng cho lu lng. + p sut nh nhau qua ton b b rng. 1.5.3.3 Ming phun t ngt: a) Ming phun im( point gate): Ming phun im thng dng cho khun ba tm c nhiu lng Khun,hay c kch thc lng khun ln.Khi thit k ming phun im Ngi ta th ng dng knh dn c tit din hnh thang hay hnh thang Bin i tin vic gia cng v lp cht ko h thng knh dn ming Phun ri khi sn phm d dng hn.u im chnh ca ming phun im L gip b tr nhiu ming phun vo cng mt lng khun khi lng khun C kch thc ln. i u ny khin qu trnh in y cc vng khc nhau Trn sn phm din ra nhanh chng v tt hn.Tuy nhin,cn lu khun

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C th bi tng nhit gy qu nhit i vi nhng vt liu c cu trc si Di v c nht thp do ming phun c kch thc nh.

Hnh 1.18:Ming phun kiu im.

Kch thc khuyn dng cho thit k:

Hnh 1.19 :Kch thc thit k ming phun im.

b) Ming phun ngm(tunners gate or submarine

gate): Ming phun ngm thng cc dng trong khun 2 tm c Nhiu lng khun.Khi thit k sn phm nh v cn ct keo mt bn Ta nn ngh n kiu ming phun ny. C hai loi ming phun ngm :ming phun ngm ng thng v Ming phun ngm ng cong. + Ming phun ngm ng thng :

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Hnh 1.20 :Loi ming phun ngm dng thng. + Ming phun ng cong :

Hnh 1.21:Qu trnh ct ming phun ng cong . c) Ming phun ca knh dn nng: Ming phun loi ny c tiu chun ha cng vi h thng Knh dn v cung phun.Do khi cn ta ch vic lin h vi cc nh sn Xut v tip thu li khuyn t h c c thit k thch hp. + Kiu khng c van :Ming phun kiu ny s bi ngt khi Khun m ra v nha ming phun rt nng.S inh hnh ca sn Phm c iu khin bi phn nha ng cng gn ming phun.

Hnh 1.22:Ming phun khng c van. + Kiu c van :Trong knh dn c thm mt cht,cht ny c Tc dng nh mt van c th ng ming phun ngay trc khi nha Gn ming phun ng c.iu ny cho php tng cng kch thc ng knh ming phun ln hn v iu khin qu trnh nh hnh tt Hn.

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Hnh 1.23:Ming phun kiu c van. 1.6 H THNG DN HNG: H thng dn gm cht n hng v bc dn hng.

Hnh 1.24 :Bc dn hng 1.6.1 Cht dn hng:

1.6.1.1 Cht trn khng c vai:

Cht dn hng

1.6.1.2

Cht trn c vai:

1.6.2 Bc dn hng :
1.6.2.1 Loi c vai:

1.6.2.2

Loi khng c vai:

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1.6.2.3Loi khng c vai t bi trn:

1.6.2.4 Loi c vai t bi trn:

1.7 H THNG LI MT BN:(H THNG TRT): Sau khi thit k xong mt phn khun cho sn phm,nhiu khi c Mt s phn trn sn phm b vng, khng tho c theo hng m Khun.Lc ny ta cn phi c mt h thng gi l h thng li mt bn Tho ra cc phn b vng y. 1.7.1 Cc kt cu tho li mt bn nh hng m khun: 1.7.1.1 Cam cht xin:

Hnh 1.25:Tho li mt bn bng cam cht xin. 1.7.1.2 Cht c mt cam:

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1.7.1.3 Cht xin:

1.7.1.4 Cht do :

1.7.1.5 Cam chn ch :

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1.7.2 Tho li bn bng xilanh-pittng: 1.7.2.1 Kiu c nm kha :

1.7.2.2

Kiu kha :

1.8H THNG LM NGUI: Nha lng sau khi vo khun phi c lm ngui tht nhanh t c hnh dng m ta mong mun.Nu lm ngui khng tt th nha Nng s gia nhit cho khun v th l qu trnh nh hnh s ko di v Lm tng thi gian chu k p phun.Do ,h thng lm ngui khun c Vai tr ht sc quan trng v n quyt nh ton b chu k p phun. 1.8.1 Cc phng php lm ngui : Lm ngui bng kh:khun c lm ngui bng kh nh vo bc x Nhit ca thp lm khun ra mi trng xung quanh. L ngui bng nc hoc hn hp Etylen Glycol:y l phng Php c dng rng ri nht hin nay.Theo theo php ny,Khun c lm ngui nh vo cc knh dn cha cht lm ngui c B tr trong cc tm khun.

Khun c lm ngui bng nc.

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Khun c lm ngui bng hn hp.

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Hnh 1.26:H thng lm ngui. 1.8.2 Thit k h thng lm ngui : Cc b phn trong h thng lm ngui:

Hnh 1.27:H thng lm ngui hon chnh.

A : B cha(Collectionmanifold). B : Khun (Mold). C : ng phn phi nc hoc hn hp lm ngui(Supplymanifold). D : Bm (Pump). E : Knh lm ngui (Regularcoolingchannels). F : ng dn (Hoses). G : Vch lm nguOi (Baffels). H : B iu khin nhit (Temperature controllers).

1.9THIT K H THNG RNH THOT KH TRN MT PHN KHUN: Cc rnh thot kh nn c b tr nhng ch m vt liu c in y sau cng trnh kt khi gy ra cc vt chy hoc sn phm Khng c in y hon ton.Chiu su ca rnh thot kh nn tun th Theo kch thc khuyn dng trnh sn phm ra l ph phm. 1.10 H THNG Y: Sau khi sn phm trong khun c lm ngui,khun m ra.Lc Ny sn Phm vn cn dnh trn ci khun do s ht chn khng nn cn H thng y y sn phm rt ra. 1.10.1 Cc loi h thng y thng dng: 1.10.1.1 H thng y dng cht y: Cc cht y c gia cng rt chnh xc v c chn theo tiu Chun.Thng thng, cc cht y ch c gia cng chnh xc phn dn Hng v c lp theo h thng trc. cng ca thn cht khong
GVHD: TRN NH SN 25 SVTH: V MNH HNG

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6065Rc, cng ca u cht khong 3035 Rc.

Hnh 1.28:Cc phn t trong h thng y.

+ Mt s loi cht y :

1.10.1.2 H thng y dng li y: Li y dng y nhng sn phm c thnh mng v hnh dng Phc tp.Trong trng hp ny nu ta dng cht y trn s khng hiu Qu v s khng lc y,nu c lc y i na th b mt sn phm Cng b ln vo.

GVHD: TRN NH SN

26

SVTH: V MNH HNG

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Hnh 1.29:H thng y dng li y. 1.10.1.3 H thng y dng ng y: ng y dng y nhng sn phm c dng trn xoay hoc tm Mng.

Hnh 1.30:H thng y dng ng y. 1.10.1.4 H thng y dng tm tho: Tm tho dng tho nhng sn phm hnh tr trn hay hnh hp Ch nht c b dy thnh mng.Khun s dng h thng ny,sn phm Khng c vt cht y nn lun m bo tnh thm m cho sn phm. 1.10.1.5 H thng y dng kh nn : Li khuyn l ta nn dng kh nn kt hp vi tm tho y sn Phm ng.

GVHD: TRN NH SN

27

SVTH: V MNH HNG

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Hnh 1.31:H thng y dng kh nn. 1.11 H THNG N HI : H thng hi c chc nng y tm y li v pha sau v gi c nh tm y trc khi khun ng hon ton. hi tm y v ta c Th dng cht hi hoc cht khuu (Toggle-lock).

Hnh 1.32:Cht y tiu chun. 1.12 GII THIU CU TRC MT B KHUN:

GVHD: TRN NH SN

28

SVTH: V MNH HNG

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GVHD: TRN NH SN

29

SVTH: V MNH HNG