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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 ABOUT THE PROJECT

The project is all about what is the view of theatre owners and church trustees on TANNOY products. This project was made possible by going to many theatres and churches all over Tamil Nadu. This was done through personal interview technique with each of the respondents. In companys point of view this was sort of an awareness campaign as TANNOY has entered India just before 3 years and it feels to extend its customer base.

1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILE TANNOY belongs to the public addressing system industry here is a brief on the area of public addressing systems. A public address system (PA system) is an electronic amplification system with a mixer, amplifier and loudspeakers, used to reinforce a sound source, e.g., a person giving a speech, a DJ playing pre-recorded music, and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building. Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. PA systems with a larger number of speakers are widely used in institutional and commercial buildings, to read announcements or declare states of emergency. Intercom systems, which are often used in schools, also have microphones in each room so that the occupants can reply to the central office. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application. Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are for reproduction of speech and recorded music in buildings and institution. In colloquial British English, a PA system installed for public address in a building is sometimes referred to as a Tannoy system after the company of that name now owned by TC Electronic Group.

Tannoy also belongs to loud-speaker industry. Loud- speaker is an important electronic component used to convert electrical power into acoustical power. In all practical applications of loudspeakers, the following are important electrical and acoustical properties: 1. Impedance 2. Resonance 3. Frequency response 4. Power output 5. Directional effects There are different types of loud speakers depending on operating principle and material used. Based on this, loud speakers can be classified into permanent magnet type, piezo electric type, electro static type and ribbon type. When the Audio frequency current from the amplifier passes through the voice coil, the paper cone held by spider moves to and fro to produce vibrations combination of sealers for multiple speaker system like woofer, tweeter and cross over network. Speakers are available in round, square, elliptical, octagonal shapes. The use of loud-speakers is mainly in the field of consumer electronic products e.g. radios, transistors sets, T.V. sets, record players, tape recorders, amplifiers (PA and entertainment), video games etc.

Loud Speakers are widely used in radio/tape recorder, stereo system, black and white and colour TV receivers, public address system, and musical systems for reproduction of sound. Multispeaker systems like tweeter, woofer and cross over network are used for different sound effects. The cost of the speaker varies from Rs. 25 to Rs.600 depending on the type, power output, size, shape and sensitivity. There are large number of SSI/tiny units in the country manufacturing loud speakers. Because of incremental growth in entertainment electronics, there is a scope for loud speaker industry. The machinery and equipment and raw materials required for loud speakers are indigenously available. A new entrepreneur has to make marketing tie-up with manufacturers of entertainment electronic products and implement the latest quality testing system.

1.3 COMPANY PROFILE Tannoy Ltd is a Scottish-based manufacturer of loudspeakers and public-address (PA) systems. The company was founded in London, England as Tulsemere Manufacturing Company in 1926, but has been based in Coatbridge, Scotland, since the 1970s. Since 2002 it has been a part of the Danish-based TC Group. The name Tannoy is a syllabic abbreviation of tantalum alloy, which was the material used in a type of electrolytic rectifier developed by the company. The brand had been trademarked by 10 March 1932, on which date the Tulsemere Manufacturing Company was formally registered as Guy R. Fountain Limited. 1.3.1 TC GROUP TC Group is a holding company of six individual companies consisting of Tannoy Group, Lab.Gruppen, TC Electronic Group, TC-Helicon, TC Applied Technologies and White Acoustics. The TC Group was formed in early 2002, when the 'old' TC Group of companies merged with Tgi plc. The merger was completed to create a Group with the necessary expertise and market access to take advantage of the trend towards convergence of digital and acoustic technologies in the audio industry.

Figure 1.1 TC Group of companies logo

The goal is to design, produce and distribute the best engineered and most recognized and respected brands of high-performance audio products in the world. We want

to differentiate ourselves from our competitors, based upon our strong brands and a high-end profile, gaining advantages by providing integrated digital technologies that improve fidelity as well as functionality of the products offered.

In the long term, TC Group is aiming at being a leading player, also in the global speakeraudio industry.

Figure 1.2 Tannoy logo The term is also used for systems which may additionally have a mixing console, and amplifiers and loudspeakers suitable for music as well as speech, used to reinforce a sound source, e.g., recorded music or a person giving a speech, and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building. Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. PA systems with many speakers are widely used to make announcements in public, institutional and commercial buildings and

locations. Intercom systems, installed in many buildings, have microphones in many rooms allowing the occupants to respond to announcements. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application, although the distinction between the two is not clear-cut. Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech.[1] In Britain any PA system is sometimes colloquially referred to as a Tannoy, after the company of that name now owned by TC Electronic Group, which supplied a great many of the PA systems used in the past.[2]

Small systems

Figure 1.3 Public address systems in a school The simplest PA systems consist of a microphone, an amplifier, and one or more loudspeakers. Simple and small PA systems of this type, often providing 50 to 200 watts of power, are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. A sound source such as a Compact Disc player or radio may be connected to a PA system so that music can be played through the system. Public address systems consist of input sources, amplifiers, control and monitoring equipment, and loudspeakers. The primary input sources are microphones for live announcements and a source of recorded sound. There may be a system which allows operators, or automated equipment, to select from a number of standard pre-recorded messages. These input sources are fed into preamplifiers and signal routers that determine the zones to which the audio signal is fed. The preamplifier signals are then passed into the amplifiers. Depending on local practices these amplifiers will usually amplify the audio signals to 50V, 70V or 100V speaker line level. Control equipment monitors the amplifiers and speaker lines for faults before it reaches the loudspeakers. This control equipment is also used for separating zones in a PA system. The loudspeaker is used to convert electrical signals into sound.

Figure 1.4 Large PA systems

Public Address System consisting of amplifiers, mixers and routers for a major international airport

Some PA systems have speakers that cover an entire campus of a college or industrial site, or an entire outdoor complex (e.g., an athletic stadium). A large PA system may also be used as an alert system during an emergency. Tannoy became a household name as a result of supplying PA systems to the armed forces during World War II, and to Butlins and Pontinsholiday camps after the war. This usage is current as of mid-2010. Tannoy is famous for its 'Dual Concentric' speaker design which places the tweeter behind the centre of the medium or bass driver. 'Dual Concentric' is a trademark although Tannoy is not the only speaker manufacturer to design coaxial speakers. Tannoy's image is particularly linked to studio monitors on the one hand and its Prestige range of home speakers on the other. Prestige speakers use Dual Concentric cone speakers and are easily recognisable by their 'vintage' design. The term 'tannoy' is often used generically in colloquial English throughout the British Commonwealth to mean any public-address system, particularly those used for announcements in public place ; although the word is a registered trademark, it has become a genericised trademark. The company's intellectual property department keeps a close eye on the media and will often write to publications that use its trade name without a capital letter or as a generic term for PA systems, in order to preserve its trademark.

Tannoy is one of the longest established audio companies in the world, having been in 'the business' for more than 75 years. Tannoy's expertise in sound reproduction is worldrenowned and they offer a comprehensive range of products suitable for all aspects of the install business. Their vast loudspeaker and amplifier portfolio caters for anything from pubs, clubs, corporate boardrooms, retail and leisure venues, public buildings, places of worship, through to large theatre usage and professional recording studios. Tannoy's prestigious client list confirms our commitment to effective, reliable and efficient solutions wherever there is a requirement for exceptional and intelligible sound reproduction.

A public address system (PA system) is an electronic amplification system with a mixer, amplifier and loudspeakers, used to reinforce a sound source, e.g., a person giving a speech, a DJ playing pre-recorded music, and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building.

Simple PA systems are often used in small venues such as school auditoriums, churches, and small bars. PA systems with a larger number of speakers are widely used in institutional and commercial buildings, to read announcements or declare states of emergency. Intercom systems, which are often used in schools, also have microphones in each room so that the occupants can reply to the central office. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application. Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are for reproduction of speech and recorded music in buildings and institution. In colloquial British English, a PA system installed for public address in a building is sometimes referred to as a Tannoy system after the company of that name now owned by TC Electronic Group. If there is anything that is symbolic of Tannoy it is certainly the Dual Concentric speaker unit, which I think is one of the most important advancements in speaker technology ever developed in the history of audio (Westminster Dual Concentric shown below). Ronald Rackham developed the Dual Concentric speaker in 1948, the Monitor Black, which brilliantly integrated a high-frequency compression horn driver unit into the same axis as a fifteen-inch direct radiating low frequency driver on one chassis. Rackham also designed the Guy R. Fountain (GRF) and Autograph corner horn enclosures for the Dual Concentric speakers, which also quickly attained status in the music industry as high-performance designs. If Nobel Prizes were awarded for achievements in audio electronics, then Ronald Rackham would certainly be deserving of one for his contribution of the Dual Concentric speaker designit is a positively brilliant musical device that has been highly revered by generations of music lovers.

OVER 80 YEARS OF AUDIO INVENTION Few companies' products have such a profound impact on our lives that their names enter the dictionary as generic descriptions for their inventions. There are notable exceptions such as Biro, for its ballpoint pen and Hoover for its vacuum cleaner. But in the audio field, Tannoy stands alone for its success in developing early public address systems and then continuing its reputation for pioneering audio solutions. The word Tannoy is synonymous with sound, appearing in the dictionary as: 'a communications system with loudspeakers, used for making announcements in public buildings.' The phrase 'Over the Tannoy' is universally used to describe a PA announcement. Tannoy is one of the oldest and most prestigious audio brands in the world, having been founded as the Tulsemere Manufacturing Company back in 1926. The name originates from a solid-state rectifier invented by company founder, Guy Fountain, made from an alloy or mixture of Tantalum and Lead. This Tantalum-Lead Alloy was the basis of the now world famous brand name of Tannoy.

1.3.2 WORLDWIDE PRESENCE Today, Tannoy is the brand name that can be found not only in the homes of discerning hi-fi enthusiasts across the globe, but in some of the most prestigious audio installations throughout the world. Examples include the Hong Kong Convention Centre, the Sydney Opera House, the London Palladium and the Bellagio and Hard Rock Hotels in Las Vegas, and most recently, the BurjKhalifa and Atlantis Hotel Resort in Dubai and Yas Marina Hotel on the Abu Dhabi F1 circuit to name but just a few. The companys Scottish factory HQ is located in Coatbridge, near Glasgow where theyve been based for the past 35 years. Indeed, all Tannoy products are still conceived, designed and developed at their UK base to this day, as well as extensive manufacturing. Product development has been even more energetic and exciting since Tannoy became part of the TC Group of companies in 2002. TC Group now comprises of several individual audio technology businesses, which includes TC Electronic, a leader in MI and studio products, as well as Swedish amplification specialists Lab.gruppen and signal processing innovators Lake. The combined expertise of

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Tannoy, Lab.gruppen, Lake and TC Electronic is allowing the companies to share research and development and award-winning products like Tannoys new QFlex range bear testament to this exciting synergy. THE ORIGINATORS OF TRUE POINT SOURCE Presently, Tannoy remains active in three key audio sectors: Residential Hi-Fi, Installed Sound and Studio Monitoring. In each of these market sectors, Tannoy continues to incorporate highly developed derivatives of the Dual Concentric point source driver into its products maintaining the sound principles behind the original design concept in that it combines transparent, fluid performance with true point source symmetrical dispersion properties. The recent introduction of the highly acclaimed VQ Series sound reinforcement system and new Kingdom Royal flagship hi-fidelity loudspeaker are prime examples of this cutting edge evolution of a consistently developed principle.

THE WESTMINSTER ROYAL SPECIAL EDITION LOUDSPEAKER Today's top of the line Tannoy Dual Concentric is the Westminster Royal Special Edition. You might think that Tannoy's naming of its premiere loudspeaker as the Westminster Royal is a bit pretentious, and that they are perhaps guilty of putting on airs, but actually the naming of the Westminster Royal is rooted deep in Tannoy's rich history and commemorates the installation of Tannoys in what was once the primary residence of the Kings of England, the Palace of Westminster. That original Tannoy installation in the Palace of Westminster, now serving as the home of Parliament, was tuned by none other than Ronald Rackham, the afore mentioned Father of the Dual Concentric design. While the Tannoy Westminster may visually look like a vintage horn design, it is not. Rather, the Westminster Project was initiated at the request of Tannoy's longstanding Japanese distributors, TEAC Esoteric, to serve as a noteworthy successor to the famous Autograph corner horn that was designed by Ronald Rackham so many years ago. Alex Garner, the Technical Director at Tannoy at the time of TEAC Esoteric's request, did the acoustic development for the first version of the

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Westminster (those colorful reports that they are a long lost and born again design of Guy R. Fountain are merely a bit of delightful fiction). In 1987 Dr. Paul Mills joined Tannoy as a Senior Design Engineer (and is now Director of Research and Engineering), and helped Alex Garner, then the Technical Director of Tannoy, put the finishing touches to the Westminster Royal, the successor to the original Westminster, which was launched that year. Dr. Mills then took over development of the Westminster Project and has continued to develop the concept to make the Westminster Royal Special Edition what it is today. Like Ronald Rackham for his design of the Dual Concentric, if the Nobel Prize Committee awarded Nobel Prizes in Audio, certainly Alex Garner and Dr. Paul Mills would have won awards for their brilliant design work that has brought us the original Westminster, and now the Westminster Royal Special Edition, one of the most noteworthy designs in the history of audio. There have actually been five different versions of the Westminster over time, the first version being produced from 1982 to 1987. That first Westminster used a 15inch Dual Concentric speaker with foam surround on the bass driver, and was installed into a massive and complex compound horn cabinet, with both front and rear horn loading. The second version of the Westminster, called the Westminster Royal, was produced from 1987 to 1998. The Westminster Royal had an even larger cabinet than the first Westminster, and was made more rigid by using thick birch plywood for its construction. The Westminster Royal also used better capacitors in its crossover and Van den Hulwiring throughout. The third version of the Westminster, called the Westminster TW (Tulip Waveguide) was produced from 1992 to 1998 in parallel with the Westminster Royal. The Westminster TW was a lower cost version of the Westminster that used a ferrite magnet instead of the more expensive (and better sounding) Alnico magnet, and had a smaller cabinet volume than the Westminster Royal.

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The fourth version of the Westminster, called the Westminster Royal HE, was produced from 1999 to 2007. The 'HE' in its name referred to the 'Hard Edge' impregnated fabric surround on the bass driver which stored less energy, and which gave it a faster and more articulate sound than its predecessors. That brings us to the fifth and current version in the evolutionary development of the Westminster Royal, the Westminster Royal Special Edition (SE), which was introduced in 2007. The Westminster Royal SEs have entirely hand built compound horn-loaded birch plywood cabinets, each with a volume of 530 liters, and weigh a hefty 304 pounds per loudspeaker. Internally the cabinets are cross-braced for rigidity and heavily damped to eliminate resonances that could degrade their sound quality. The cabinets are finished in beautifully applied book-matched walnut veneer, solid walnut trim, and walnut burl highlightsthe overall effect is quite stunning and it can be quite hard to take your eyes off the speakers when listening to music at first. The cabinets are hand-waxed before leaving the finishing workshop, and Tannoy thoughtfully includes a specially formulated wax with the loudspeakers so new owners can keep them looking as good over time as they did when they were new. The cabinets have casters on their bottoms to aid moving them into position, and believe me they are an absolute necessity when trying to move these behemoths. The speakers come with machined cups that the owner can place under the casters for additional isolation after the speakers' final position is determined (which I haven't got around to trying yet). Each Westminster Royal SE speaker cabinet incorporates two 11-foot long rear folded hornscomposed of 30 individual panelsthat couple to the rear of the Dual Concentric drive unit and exit at the front cabinet corners (see the cutaway diagrams of the cabinets below). The rear horn starts acoustic coupling to the drive unit at 300Hz and provides low frequency response down to 18Hz (-6dB). Above 300Hz the low frequency drive unit is coupled to the front horn and provides frequency response in the range of 300Hz to 1000Hz. The high frequency compression driver component of the Dual Concentric drive unit provides frequency response from1000Hz to 20000Hz.

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1.3.3 PRODUCTS FOR THEATRES AND CHURCHES VQ SERIES PASSIVE SOUND REINFORCEMENT SPEAKERS The new Tannoy VQ Series is a range of revolutionary loudspeakers designed for any application where precise directional control, outstanding sonic performance, and high SPL's are critical issues; such as large corporate AV systems, stadiums, large dance clubs, live concert halls, theatres, houses of worship and open-air venues.

VQ 60 The VQ 60 is a full range, three-way loudspeaker system designed for applications which require very high output capability with class leading pattern control. The VQ 60 is perfectly suited for use in arrays or singly in demanding music or speech applications. Unlike line array solutions, the VQ 60 can produce enough power and clarity to be used individually maintaining your building's aesthetics. With low frequency extension to 90Hz, the VQ 60 can be combined with various subwoofers for extended bandwidth. The VQ 60 can be configured for use in Bi-Amp or Tri-Amp mode, in conjunction with a suitable digital signal processor (DSP). Horn design involves balancing compromise..until now. Key performance parameters that can be controlled by the designer include: frequency response (both on and off-axis), horizontal and vertical beam width, directivity index, electrical impedance, harmonic distortion, and low frequency cut-off. Our unique approach in keeping what is effectively a Dual Concentric behind a single horn gives us many performance advantages. Performance of the VQ 60 in terms of accuracy & sound quality is second to none.

The VQ 60 incorporates a unique driver technology to radiate a coherent single point source for superior dispersion control when coupled to a PSW (Point Source Waveguide). This advanced design aligns the acoustical centres of the transducers providing a single Coherent wave front emanating from the throat. The PSW waveguide achieves an optimum balance of extremely well controlled coverage, smooth frequency response, and natural sound character.

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The low frequency section, two (12) low frequency transducers, offers high power Handling and low power compression for high continuous SPL capability. A newly designed LF loading design provides the highest possible sensitivity for low/mid frequency output. The VQ 60 is part of an expanding line up of VQ products, addressing the requirement for Compact dimensions without compromising performance in any way.

FEATURES OF VQ 60 PSW Waveguide - Point source design (Patent applied for). Excellent Phase Coherence Perfect time alignment without the associated problems of multi-source interference Compact Dimensions Class leading directivity characteristics Extremely high sensitivity, therefore high SPLs can be achieved with a very modest amount of amplifier power Exceptional transient response APPLICATIONS Large Houses of Worship Large Corporate AV applications Stadiums & other Sports facilities Dance Clubs Live sound concert halls, theatres, open-air venues VQ 100 The VQ 100 is a full range, three-way loudspeaker system designed for applications which require high output capability with class leading pattern control. The VQ 100 features a wide and exceptionally well defined dispersion characteristic. For a variety of uses, a single VQ 100 can produce more power and clarity over its 100 degree beam width area than many arrayed solutions using multiple cabinets, a great advantage when considering your building aesthetics. With low frequency extension to 90Hz, the VQ 100 can be combined with various subwoofers for extended bandwidth.

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The VQ 100 can be configured for use in Bi-Amp or Tri-Amp mode, in conjunction with a suitable digital signal processor (DSP). Horn design involves balancing compromise..until now. Key performance parameters that can be controlled by the designer include: frequency response (both on and off-axis), horizontal and vertical beamwidth, directivity index, electrical impedance, harmonic distortion, and low frequency cut-off. Our unique approach in keeping what is effectively a Dual Concentric behind a single horn gives us many performance advantages. Performance of the VQ 100 in terms of accuracy & sound quality is second to none. The VQ 100 incorporates a unique driver technology to radiate a coherent single point source for superior dispersion control when coupled to a PSW (Point Source Waveguide). This advanced design aligns the acoustical centres of the transducers providing a single coherent wavefront emanating from the throat. The PSW waveguide achieves an optimum balance of extremely well controlled coverage, smooth frequency response, and natural sound character. The low frequency section, two (12) low frequency transducers, offers high power handling and low power compression for high continuous SPL capability. A newly designed LF loading design provides the highest possible sensitivity for low/mid frequency output. The VQ 100 is part of an expanding line up of VQ products, addressing the requirement for compact dimensions without compromising performance in any way. FEATURES PSW Waveguide - Point source design (Patent applied for). Excellent Phase Coherence Perfect time alignment without the associated problems of multi-source interference Compact Dimensions Class leading directivity characteristics Extremely high sensitivity, therefore high SPLs can be achieved with a very modest amount of amplifier power Exceptional transient response

APPLICATIONS Large Houses of Worship Large Corporate AV applications Stadiums & other Sports facilities Dance Clubs Live sound concert halls, theatres, open-air venues

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VQ IN STARRING ROLE AT PAVILION THEATRE The Pavilion, one of Glasgows oldest and best loved variety theatre venues, has recently overhauled its FOH system with a pair of TANNOY VQ 100 full-range loudspeakers. The new VQ 100s add a new level of clarity, definition and presence to the performances within the historic 1449-seat auditorium and have gone down well with both cast and audiences since they were installed during the summer season. Having first opened on its corner site at the top of Glasgows Renfield Street in 1904, the Pavilion Theatre is a rare example these days of a privately run performance venue that has carefully retained its period character, having avoided any significant Renovations or acoustic treatments that would ruin the dcor and atmosphere of the auditorium. This was an important consideration when the venue management sought to upgrade the audio system. Discretion was key, without compromising on clarity and intelligibility, all the while ensuring that the full audience area was covered in an even and controlled way. No easy task, but thankfully thats where TANNOYs new VQ Series offered the perfect solution. A single VQ100 can produce more power and clarity over its 100 degree beam width area than many arrayed solutions using multiple cabinets, thanks to TANNOYs latest Dual Concentric driver technology, patented Point Source Waveguide and innovative horn design that are the hallmarks of VQ Series. The class-leading performance characteristics meant that two full-range enclosures were all that was required, minimising the aesthetic impact not to mention the installation cost.

General Manager, Iain Gordon, has spent long enough in the industry to have a keen sense of venue acoustics and knows a good system when he hears it. Clearly impressed with the new install he commented, Tannoys VQ Series sounds better than anything Ive heard in over 30 years of working in the theatre business. The new system really gives our performers a whole new level of presence in our shows and projects truly natural sound across the whole audience.

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Two TANNOY V8 loudspeakers were also installed, one on each side of stage, handling monitor duties ensuring that the performers enjoy the same crisp transient performance and overall sound quality as the audience. ABOUT PAVILION THEATRE The Pavilion Theatre opened at the corner of Renfield Street and Renfrew Street, Glasgow on the 29 February, 1904. It was regarded as luxurious for its time with its Louis XV period decor and an electrically operated sliding roof ensuring good ventilation. Since the 1930s, the Pavilion began to host pantomimes with top name stars of the Scottish variety scene, and in more recent times it has produced world famous Scottish plays, such as 'The Sash' and 'The Steamie'. The Pavilion Theatre is now the only privately run theatre in Scotland and one of a few unsubsidised independent theatres left in Britain. CASE STUDIES VQ SERIES PROVIDES CLARITY AT NEW LAURA BUSH MIDDLE SCHOOL IN LUBBOCK, TEXAS Its a brand new school and an incredible system, says Swade Moyers, Vice President of Lubbock, TX-based A/V firm, Moyers Group.

QFLEX 32 Array loudspeakers have been with us for many years in the form of passive column speakers for speech reproduction in churches, conference rooms etc. Array speakers are able to focus the acoustical output in the target directions where it is needed, and hence obtain better speech intelligibility in reverberant spaces, i.e. increase the "Hall Radius" beyond which reverberant sound becomes dominant. QFlex is a range of digitally steerable, multi- channel; array speaker systems for the professional install market. Qflex is designed as a complete solution for applications with difficult acoustics, such as houses of worship, transportation hubs, convention centres, conference facilities, shopping malls, performing arts centres and museums. QFlex is quite revolutionary in that it is able to achieve even coverage and SPL which is maintained across the listening plane. QFlex is able to create an asymmetrical pattern which allows similar SPL's both in the near and far field. It is able to steer the beam away

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from surfaces that cause reflections to frequencies beyond 12 kHz. This makes Qflex the first digitally steerable array to maintain music quality over the desired area of coverage, all in a very architecturally pleasing package. The intuitive BeamEngine GUI allows the designer to specify target areas. Based on those target areas a steering algorithm is generated and tailored for that specific area, rather than having to choose from a limited palette of opening and steering angles. QFlex now benefits from a recent upgrade to deliver more resolute safety and monitoring facilities, making it fully compliant in any life safety or mass notification environment. In addition QFlex has been weatherised for outdoor or harsh environments without compromising on the products sleek aesthetic, making it perfectly suited for large scale transport hub applications such as within airport terminals and major train stations. The acoustical principles and physics that govern beam-steering loudspeakers are well established and documented, and therefore not subject to patents. However, the specifics of design, engineering and manufacturing are critical, since its the implementation of the principles that will determine sound quality, beam control range, uniformity of dispersion, and product reliability. On all these counts, Tannoys QFlex range defines the global standard for column array beam-steering technology. We determined that full-range beam-steering would be a prerequisite from the outset, rather than placing emphasis only on vocal regions as with competitive products In the most difficult acoustical environments whether in traditional cathedrals or vast ultra-modern airport terminals QFlex loudspeakers precisely control directivity in the vertical axis, resulting in optimal venue coverage and the best possible direct-to-reverberant ratio. Acoustic output is precisely aimed where it needs to be delivered, greatly reducing reflections from hard surfaces even when the QFlex column must be mounted well above audience level. Whether the audio program is music or critical voice announcements as part of a life safety or mass notification system QFlex will provide exceptionally high voice intelligibility and fullbodied, natural music reproduction. Also, compared to implementing acoustical treatments or even deploying competitive beam-steering loudspeakers, a QFlex solution will result in cost savings coupled with superior performance.

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FEATURES Extremely intelligible speech and music reinforcement Class leading steering control Densely spaced transducers to defeat the effects of aliasing Intuitive Beam Engine TM GUI Integrated cutting edge DSP, network control and amplification Networkable with Tannoy VNETTM products Architecturally pleasing Fully PA/VA compliant AES Connectivity Input options for constant voltage systems and Dante TM digital audio networks IP54 certified (optional)

APPLICATIONS Traditional houses of worship Transportation hubs Museums Shopping malls Theatres and auditoria Government buildings Conference facilities Hotel ballrooms Corporate HQ atria

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1.4 LITERATURE REVIEW CONSUMER ATTITUDE ABOUT RENEWABLE ENERGY: TRENDS AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES The data in this report are taken from Natural Marketing Institutes (NMI) Lifestyles of Health and Sustainability (LOHAS) Consumer Trends Database. Created in 2002, the syndicated consumer database contains responses from 2,000 to 4,000 nationally representative U.S. adults (meaning the demographics of the sample are consistent with U.S. Census findings) each year. A sample of 2,000 has a confidence interval of +/-2.2 percentage points at the 95% confidence level, which decreases to +/- 1.2 percentage points with 4,000 respondents. NMI used the database to analyse consumer attitudes and behaviour related to renewable energy and to update previously conducted related research. Specifically, this report will explore consumer awareness, concerns, perceived benefits, knowledge of purchase options, and usage of renewable energy as well as provide regional comparisons and trends over time.
Based on this analysis, NMI found the following: The majority of consumers (80%) indicated that they care about the use of renewable energy. However, concern has diminished slightly over time, which is consistent with other broad environmental consumer attitudes (such as concerns related to environmental protection or sustainable agriculture). Consumers primarily associate renewable energy with environmental benefits, despite the other potential benefits renewable energy has to offer and the recent efforts to broaden its appeal. Consumer awareness of renewable energy purchase options remains relatively low, with approximately one in six consumers aware of the green power options provided by their electric suppliers, although approximately half of consumers have options available to them. Consumers are more price sensitive for renewable energy than in the past, mirroring an increased price sensitivity NMI has observed across the green consumer landscape etc...,.

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CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWARD ADVERTISING VIA MOBILE DEVICES

Mobile marketing offers great opportunities for businesses. Marketing activities supported by mobile devices allow companies to directly communicate with their consumers without time or location barriers. However, some areas of mobile marketing still need further investigation. Especially, the topic of advertising via mobile devices is of major interest. It addresses consumers with individualized advertising messages via mobile devices. The underlying paper discusses its relevance and investigates antecedents of consumer attitudes toward advertising via mobile devices. The analysis is based on a consumer survey. For this purpose a quota sample of 815 cellular phone users in Austria has been interviewed. The results indicate that advertising value and advertising message content have the largest impact on attitude toward advertising via mobile devices.

RESEARCH REPORT ON CONSUMER ATTITUDE AND PERCEPTIONS ON COUNTERFEITING AND PIRACY This Report summarises an extensive body of research conducted over an 18month period to better understand consumer attitudes and behaviours towards counterfeiting and piracy. Its objective is to enlighten communications tactics that can help change those attitudes and behaviours in ways that will help consumers more fully understand the repercussions of buying fake products and ultimately deter these illegal and unsafe purchases. The research was conducted in three phases, and when analysed in total, a number of interesting and consistent hypotheses and findings emerged. This Executive Summary provides an overview of those key learnings. The Desk Research findings of this report are based on a review of approximately 176 consumer perception surveys conducted across 42 countries since 2000. It also includes a review of 202 awareness campaigns utilising a broad array of media outlets targeting consumers across 40 countries, and interviews with 15 experts from anticounterfeiting organisations.

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CONSUMER ATTITUDE TO UTILITY PRODUCTS: A CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR PERSPECTIVE Introducing consumer choice was one of the key motivations under pinning the various public utility privatisations of the 1980sand 1990s, along with enhancing the quality of service provided to consumers. This was especially the case in electricity supply, where a timetable for the introduction of competition was included in the original legislation. However, evidence from the industry regulator suggests that consumers are proving reluctant to exercise choice, despite the intensity of the supply companies preparation and marketing Campaigns. Indeed, a recent poll by MORI suggests that the number of consumers who have changed suppliers is approximately half that predicted by the industry. This paper, drawing on consumer behaviour theory, seeks to explain the reasons behind the apparent reluctance of consumers to change electricity provider, utilising market research data from both the UK and Germany.

MEASURING AND TRACKING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION Customer satisfaction is tied directly to profitability. If your customers are happy, they tend to be loyal. And if theyre loyal they not only buy more, they refer other customers. Well-established research by Bain & Company found that, for many companies, an increase of 5% in customer retention can increase profits by 25% to 95%. The same study found that it costs six to seven times more to gain a new customer than to keep an existing one.

Moreover, one bad experience can outweigh a whole lot of good experiences. Because of e-mail and instant messaging, that bad experience can quickly be broadcast to dozens, hundreds, or thousands of other customers, magnifying its impact. So if your business is doing something that frustrates customers, you need to know right away.

It is critical to give customers the opportunity to provide feedback about their overall satisfaction level and specific likes and dislikes.

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INTERNET-BASED E-SHOPPING AND CONSUMER ATTITUDE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY This paper analyses consumer attitudes towards Internet-based e-shopping. It aims to provide a theoretically and empirically grounded initial reference position, against which later research can explore and interpret the effects of changes in variables representing consumer preferences and shifts in these preferences on the success or failure of B2C e-commerce over the Internet. Because of the opportunity to sample at the outset and of ceteris paribus conditions following from the tendency for other factors such as e-transactions cost to remain small and constant, Singapore data were employed. Regression analysis shows that the life content of products, transactions security, price, vendor quality, IT education and Internet usage significantly affect the initial willingness of Singaporeans to e-shop on the Internet. Generalising, we suggest that Internet based B2C e-commerce can probably be introduced or promoted along similar dimensions in socio-geographically and technologically similar situations.

MOBILE TRENDS: CONSUMER ATTITUDE TOWARD MOBILE OPERATORS The ubiquity of the mobile phone means that the market is fiercely competitive, with telecom operators all vying for consumer attention. Given this, it is important that mobile operators create competitive differentiation based on services in addition to broadening the variety of handsets they have to offer. This is particularly important today, as consumers switch between operators just so they can adopt a particular handset. Against this backdrop, ATG (acquired by Oracle in November 2010) commissioned a survey to understand the attitudes of European consumers toward their mobile phone operators. The online study polled 5,038 mobile provider customers to explore how people in France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and the U.K. feel about the customer service they experience online. The questions drilled down into the frequency with which consumers seek various types of online service and looked into the factors that would encourage consumers to engage more deeply with their providers online. This white paper presents the results of this survey and enables mobile operators to identify how to differentiate their offerings and gain market share.

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TERM WEIGHTING CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM USING THE CHI-SQUARE STATISTIC FOR THE CLASSIFICATION SUBTASK AT NTCIR-6 PATENT RETRIEVAL TASK In the present paper, a term weighting classification method using the chi-square statistic is proposed and evaluated in the classification subtask at NTCIR-6 patent retrieval task. In this task, large numbers of patent applications are classified into Term categories. Therefore, a patent classification system requires high classification speed, as well as high classification accuracy. The chi-square statistic can calculate the frequency of word appearance in the F-term and the frequency of word non-appearance in the F-term. Therefore, the proposed method provides classification that is significantly faster than other methods. The proposed method is evaluated in A-precision-precision, and F-measure. Although the proposed method did not obtain the best score, this method achieves a classification accuracy that is as high as those of other methods using machine learning or the vector classification method. In this task, the processing speed is not evaluated. Therefore, processing speed is also evaluated. The evaluation results show that the proposed method is much faster than that using the vector classification method. Evaluation results of classification accuracy and processing speed show that the proposed method is confirmed to be effective and to be practical.

IDENTIFYING AND RANKING OF IRAN TRACTOR MANUFACTURING COMPANYS EXPORT PROBLEMS AND OBSTACLES The purpose of this study is to identify and rank problems and obstacles that prevent Iran tractor manufacturing company (ITMCO) of achieving a desired and appropriate export statistics. Towards that end, using international background research and surveys of companys export officials, questionnaire in the form of the Leonidass model general framework has been prepared. The questionnaire was distributed among the ITMCOs export elements and replies were analysed based on mean tests and Friedman nonparametric test. These analyses were carried out on two levels of hypothesis and indices. The findings showed that among the seven main Leonidas models factors that are defined as study hypothesis, information factors had very prominent role. In addition, in the level of used indices in questionnaire, "enjoyment of governmental organizations features" index, despite of cession of companys 100% stake in the privatization process, is the main obstacle to the company from achieving a desirable and worthy export statistics.

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CONSTRUCTING A THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR QUESTIONNAIRE

Brief Description of the Theory of Planned Behaviour According to the theory, human behaviour is guided by three kinds of considerations: beliefs about the likely consequences of the behaviour (behavioural beliefs), beliefs about the normative expectations of others (normative beliefs), and beliefs about the presence of factors that may facilitate or impede performance of the behaviour (control beliefs). In their respective aggregates, behavioural beliefs produce a favourable or unfavourable attitude toward the behaviour; normative beliefs result in perceived social pressure or subjective norm; and control beliefs give rise to perceived behavioural control. In combination, attitude toward the behaviour, subjective norm, and perception of behavioural control lead to the formation of a behavioural intention. As a general rule, the more favourable the attitude and subjective norm, and the greater the perceived control, the stronger should be the persons intention to perform the behaviour in question. Finally, given a sufficient degree of actual control over the behaviour, people are expected to carry out their intentions when the opportunity arises. Intention is thus assumed to be the immediate antecedent of behaviour. However, because much behaviour pose difficulties of execution that may limit volitional control, it is useful to consider perceived behavioural control in addition to intention. To the extent that perceived behavioural control is veridical, it can serve as a proxy for actual control and contribute to the prediction of the behaviour in question. The following figure is a schematic representation of the theory.

FUNDAMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS OF IMMERSIVE AUDIO SYSTEMS Numerous applications are currently envisioned for immersive audio systems. The principal function of such systems is to synthesize, manipulate, and render sound fields in real time. In this paper, we examine several fundamental and technological limitations that impede the development of seamless immersive audio systems. Such limitations stem from signal-processing requirements, acoustical considerations, human listening characteristics, and listener movement. We present a brief historical overview to outline the development of immersive audio technologies and discuss the performance and future research directions of immersive audio systems with respect to such limits.

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SYSTEMS FOR STEREOPHONIC SOUND REINFORCEMENT: PERFORMANCE CRITERIA, DESIGN TECHNIQUES, AND EXAMPLES

PRACTICAL

Although stereo systems for large rooms were pioneered in well documented work at Bell Labs in the 1930s, most modern practitioners appear to be ignorant of the most important aspects of that work as applied to modern sound reinforcement. This paper draws on the author's experience over nearly twenty years with both portable and permanent systems using two and three front referenced channels. Design criteria and examples are presented to illustrate both good and bad design practices, and some important pitfalls are noted.

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1.5 OBJECTIVE:

1.5.1 PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: To predict the Attitude of theatre owners and church trustees regarding Tannoy sound system. 1.5.2 SECONDARY OBJECTIVE: To predict whether there is an association between loyalty and price range regarding audio products. To identify whether there is a difference in attribute preferences in theatre owners and church trustees regarding sound systems . 1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT: Tannoy can know their potential customers, areas of improvement, to enhance their current offers and services. Will give an idea about customers attitude towards a durable product like a speaker esp. Tannoy What are the most seeked attributes by a customer in such a product etc,

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1.7 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A study can be initiated with a proper design and methodology to bring out the suitable findings which are reliable and applicable to solve the problems and useful to any firm for taking decisions. In this chapter, a brief description of the research methodology adopted in selection of the area, sampling of customers, method of data collection and the tools used for data analysis are presented. Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem, why the research has been undertaken, how the research problem has been defined, what data has been adopted, why a particular technique of analysis for data has been used.

1.7.1 RESEARCH DESIGN The type of research design used in this study is Descriptive study. A descriptive research is carried with specific objectives & it results in definite conclusion. Descriptive research, also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. Descriptive research answers the questions Who, what, where, when, and how... Although the data description is factual, accurate and systematic, the research cannot describe what caused a situation. Thus, Descriptive research cannot be used to create a causal relationship, where one variable affects another. In other words, descriptive research can be said to have a low requirement for internal validity. The description is used for frequencies, averages and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach, prior to writing descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation. Qualitative research often has the aim of description and researchers may follow-up with examinations of why the observations exist and what the implications of the findings are. This research tries to describe the characteristic of the respondents in relation to a particular product or practice / culture of importance. For e.g. the degree of usage of Tannoy sound systems will vary from theatre owners and church trustees. So this study is descriptive type of research.

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1.7.2 DATA COLLECTION Primary data for the study was collected through a research questionnaire. Structured questionnaire was framed and used for collection of data (Appendix). The customers were contacted individually and were given a brief introduction about the purpose and importance of the study. They were given enough time to think over the answers for the questions to have reliability of response. They were asked about their current sound systems and idea over such products. The structured questionnaire consists of questions with 5 points scale rating technique (likert scale). (1-Never, 2-Rarely,3-Sometimes,4-Often,5-Always)

1.7.2.1 PRIMARY DATA The primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire containing 30 questions. 1.7.2.2 SECONDARY DATA The companys website was the major source for secondary data www.tannoy.com Local people in various cities also served as a source for secondary data during the study. Various websites like Wikipedia and company catalogues were used as secondary data.

1.7.2.3 INSTRUMENT DESIGN The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire. Questionnaire is designed to help the researcher to know the attitude of theatre owners and church trustees about Tannoy sound systems. This made as inevitably to refer many research papers like constructing a theory of planned behaviour questionnaire

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1.7.2.4 SAMPLING TECHNIQUE The sample population was the theatre owners and church trustees in some major cities of Tamil Nadu. Convenience sampling was adopted to cover a sample size of 90. The respondents were purely selected on the basis of peoples opinion on most preferred theatres and famous churches.

1.7.2.5 STATISTICAL TOOLS USED The statistical tools were used to analyse the raw data for interpretation of results and drawing inferences. These tools were used from Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).The tools used were Frequencies/ Percentage Analysis Chi-square test t-Test

PERCENTAGE ANALYSIS Frequencies / Percentage Analysis are not a major tool yet can be used to get the number of responses from a respondent or to categorize the respondents. Frequencies are very much helpful in basic interpretations. It can also be said as a method to represent streams of data as a percentage for better understanding of collected data. CHI-SQAURE TEST Chi square analysis in statistics is to test the goodness of fit to verify the distribution of observed data with assumed theoretical distribution. Therefore it is a measure to study the divergence of actual and expected frequencies. Chi square test is commonly used to compare data with data we would expect to obtain according to a specific hypothesis.

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t-TEST t-test assesses whether the means of the two groups are statistically different from each other. This analysis is appropriate whenever you want to compare the means of two groups, and especially appropriate as the analysis for the post test only two groups randomized experimental design. In this one sample t-test is used. The One-Sample T Test compares the mean score of a sample to a known value. Usually, the known value is a population mean.

1.7.2.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

The limitations of this project are The present study is confined to only few cities in Tamil Nadu and the findings may not be applicable to other cities of the country. Chances of respondents' bias are involved in the research. The time period for the data collection was very less

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CHAPTER 2

2.1 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION FREQUENCY TABLE PRICE SENSITIVINESS OF RESPONDENTS

Table 2.1.1 Price sensitiveness of respondents Valid Percent 50.0 50.0 100.0

Frequency Valid Yes No Total 45 45 90

Percent 50.0 50.0 100.0

ig 2.1 Price sensitiveness of respondents

INFERENCE

The above graph shows that 50% of respondents dont worry about the price while the rest consider price as a deciding factor in their purchase.

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BASIS OF BUYING A PRODUCT Table 2.1.2 Buying of product based on Brand Valid Percent 97.8 2.2 100.0 Cumulative percent 97.8 100.0

Frequency Valid Quality Fame Total 88 2 90

Percent 97.8 2.2 100.0

Fig 2.2 Basis of buying a product

INFERENCE

The above graph shows that 98% of respondents consider brand as a base for purchase and rest consider fame.

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EXPECTATION OF A BEST PRODUCT IN FUTURE

Table 2.1.3 Best product in future Valid Percent 90.0 10.0 100.0 Cumulative percent 90.0 100.0

Frequency Valid Yes No Total 81 9 90

Percent 90.0 10.0 100.0

Fig 2.3 Best product in future

INFERENCE

From this graph we can know that most of the respondents (81%) feel that best product will definitely be made available in future and rest feels the vice-versa.

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AWARENESS ABOUT TANNOY Table 2.1.4 Awareness level for Tannoy Valid Percent 95.6 4.4 100.0 Cumulative percent 95.6 100.0

Frequency Valid Yes No Total 86 4 90

Percent 95.6 4.4 100.0

Fig 2.4 Awareness about tannoy

INFERENCE

From this graph we can know that 95% of the respondents are not aware of Tannoy products and rest is a mere 5% are aware of the former.

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FACTORS TO BUILD BRAND IMAGE

2.1.5 Factors to build Brand image

Frequency

Percent

Valid Percent

Cumulative percent

Valid

Quality Communicati on strategy Competitive pricing Good value added service Total

58 2 8 22

64.4 2.2 8.9 24.4

64.4 2.2 8.9 24.4

64.4 66.7 75.6 100

90

100.0

100.0

Fig 2.5 Factors to build brand image

INFERENCE

From this graph we can know that most of the respondents (58%) quality is important to build brand image for a product. Next to that value added services (22%), pricing are considered by people to build brand name.

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VIEW OVER BUYING A FAMOUS PRODUCT

Table 2.1.6 View on buying a Famous product Valid Percent 60.0 17.8 22.2 100.0 Cumulative percent 60.0 77.8 100.0

Frequency Valid
Never Sometimes Always Total

Percent 60.0 17.8 22.2 100.0

54 16 20 90

Fig 2.6 View over buying a famous product

INFERENCE The graph shows that most people dont buy a product only because it is famous (60%). On the other hand some people do buy the product only because of its fame (22%) this shows there is some due respect for a famous product.

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AFFORDABILTY TO BUY THE PRODUCT

Table2.1.7 Affordability to buy Tannoy Valid Percent 100.0 Cumulative percent 100.0

Frequency Valid Yes 90

Percent 100.0

Fig 2.7 Affordability to buy the product

INFERENCE This graph shows that all the respondents i.e. both in churches and theatres are affordable for a premium brand like Tannoy.

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DECISION ON BUYING TANNOY PROUCTS

Table 2.1.8 Decision on buying Tannoy products Valid Percent 23.3 76.7 100.0 Cumulative percent 23.3 100.0

Frequency Valid Yes No Total 21 69 90

Percent 23.3 76.7 100.0

Fig 2.8 Decision on buying Tannoy products

INFERENCE The graph shows that only 23% of the total respondents were willing to buy tannoy products and 67% of the respondents are not willing to buy the product. This shows that either awareness level or marketing of the company has to be blamed.

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PRICE RANGE AFFORDABILITY OF THE RESPONDENTS

Table 2.1.9 Price range affordability Frequency Valid

10-20 lacs 20-30 lacs 30-40 lacs Total

Percent 12.2 53.3 34.4 100.0

Valid Percent 12.2 53.3 34.4 100.0

Cumulative percent 12.2 65.6 100.0

11 48 31 90

Fig 2.9 Price range affordability of the respondents

INFERENCE The graph shows that price range of 20-30 lakhs is the highest and 10-20 lakhs is the lowest of all. This is a good sign as in case of Tannoy products which are priced at premium and the respondent have got the ability to buy it.

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REACTION ON PRICE INCREASE

Table 2.1.10 Reaction on Price increase Valid Percent 60.0 17.8 22.2 100.0 Cumulative percent 60.0 77.8 100.0

Frequency Valid
Never Sometimes Always Total

Percent 60.0 17.8 22.2 100.0

54 16 20 90

Figure 2.1.10 Reaction on Price increase

INFERENCE The table shows that most people buy a product even if its price increases (51%). On the other hand some people (21%) do buy the products at sometimes if the price increases. And 21% people prefer not to buy the product if the price increases.

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CHI SQUARE TESTS CHI SQUARE TEST FOR BUYING ONLY BRAND PRODUCTS AND PRICE RANGE
Hypothesis H0: There is no association between buying only branded products and price range. H1: There is an association between buying only branded products and price range.

Table 2.1.11 Chi square for Brand buying and Price range Only brand Observed N Always Total 90 90* Price range Observed N 10-20 lacs 20-30 lacs 30-40 lacs Total 11 48 31 90 Expected N 30.0 30.0 30.0 Residual -19.0 18.0 1.0 Expected N 90.0 Residual 0

Price range Chi-Square Df Asymp . Sig 22.867 2 .000

INFERENCE Results indicate that the calculated Chi-square value is 22.867 is significant at 0.000 level (>.05 at 95%). So the stated null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore it is concluded that there is an association between buying only branded products and the price range.

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CHI SQUARE TEST FOR BRAND LOYALTY AND PRICE RANGE

Hypothesis H0: There is no association between brand loyalty and price range. H1: There is an association between brand loyalty and price range. Table 2.1.12 Chi square for Brand loyalty and Price range Loyalty Observed N Sometimes Often Always Total 52 3 35 90 Price range Observed N 10-20 lacs 20-30 lacs 30-40 lacs Total 11 48 31 90 Expected N 30.0 30.0 30.0 Residual -19.0 18.0 1.0 Expected N 30.0 30.0 30.0 Residual 22.0 -27.0 5.0

Price range Chi-Square Df Asymp . Sig 41.267 2 .000

INFERENCE Results indicate that the calculated Chi-square value is 41.267 is significant at 0.000 level (>.05 at 95%). So the stated null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore it is concluded that there is a association between loyalty and the price range.

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t- TEST FOR RANK CORRELATION ATTRIBUTES RANKING BY CHURCH TRUSTEES (1 sample t-test)
Table 2.1.13 t-test for attributes for churches One-sample statistics N Quality Brand name Efficiency Cost effectiveness Economical Size Technical details Capacity Durability Service 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 Mean 1.02 5.00 4.62 5.78 7.02 7.80 7.22 7.69 3.96 4.89 Std. Deviation .149 2.355 1.585 2.969 1.852 1.375 2.575 2.234 2.078 2.461 Std. Error Mean .022 .351 .236 .443 .276 .205 .384 .333 .310 .367

INFERENCE The t-test results of attributes ranking show that first priority is given to quality. Next to that the church trustees give preference to durability and efficiency and least concerned about size.

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ATTRIBUTES RANKING BY THEATRE OWNERS (1 SAMPLE TTEST)

Table 2.1.14 t-test for attributes for theatre owners

N Quality Brand name Efficiency Cost effectiveness Economical Size Technical details Capacity Durability Service 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45

Mean 1.0444 5.2222 4.6889 5.8222 7.0889 7.8889 7.4444 7.0889 3.8222 4.8889

Std. Deviation .20841 2.46695 1.56412 3.00975 1.96356 1.44949 2.39844 2.43854 1.94573 2.45155

Std. Error Mean .03107 .36775 .23316 .44867 .29271 .21608 .35754 .36352 .29005 .36546

INFERENCE On comparison of two tables we can see that both theatre owners give most importance to quality of the product. Next to that they give importance to durability and efficiency. Both church and theatre owners have the same view over attribute preferences.

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2.2 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FINDINGS FROM FREQUENCY TABLE

Regarding price sensitiveness 50% of the sample has said they do not worry about the price and the rest of the respondents consider price as an important factor. So this shows good quality product with a good price will definitely sell in market. So a good quality product should be designed. This is possible for a company like Tannoy which has a high experienced R&d unit with it Respondents are pretty sure that newer technologies will hit the market in near future (81%). They feel innovations will definitely come in the field time and time again. Customers are prone to information this is clear from the above finding. So if a company doesnt innovate or renovate itself in changing times will suffer a lot. On the question regarding famous product many people (51%) never buy a product only because of its fame. Some (20%) feel they should stick to the famous product this shows a good quality product with some amount fame will win new customers for a company like Tannoy. Though fame is not needed for a good quality product it is essential to create fame in order to attract more customers. All the respondents are affordable to buy TANNOY products though it is priced at premium. So this is a positive sign in company perspective. On the most important question about whether they will go for buying a Tannoy product. Most people (4/5th of the sample) were not willing to buy Tannoy. Only 20% were ready to buy Tannoy. This shows that there is very little awareness over Tannoy products. Price range frequencies show that respondents were most comfortable with price range between 20-30 lakhs is around 50%. This shows that many people do have the capacity to buy Tannoy products.

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Basis of buying a product is quality is for sure (98%) so quality of the product is the prime importance in production and fame is next and it is very much ignorable. So a good quality product will definitely sell in market. Many People (51%) are ready to stick on to a single brand even on a price rise because they are satisfied with its current products. So customer satisfaction is an area of importance. But some people (21%) are not ready to buy a hiked price product this shows that pricing should be reasonable to attract more customers.

The awareness level is very poor for Tannoy products only 4% of the respondents were aware of it. This shows that marketing is poor and lots of ad campaigns are needed to create awareness about Tannoy and its products.

FINDINGS FROM CHI-SQUARE TEST

Chi square test for buying only brand products and price range shows that there is an association between buying branded things and their price range. This tells that people who buy branded products will not worry for price range of the product so a good positive pricing will always succeed. Chi square test for brand loyalty and price range tells that there is a relation between brand loyalty and price range. So we can also say that if the price changes or exceeds the price range of the customer his brand loyalty may be affected. So companies like Tannoy should be very careful in pricing this will them a lot. Frequent price rises must be checked or curtailed as price increase may push a loyal customer to switch for another brand. Pricing should be nominal and should keep in mind about the customers capacity.

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FINDINGS FROM t- TEST

Based on the attribute preferences we have done two 1 sample t- test one for churches and other for theatres. Both of the results or nearly the same people give utmost importance Quality then next to that they are concerned about Durability and efficiency. So the important thing about this result Quality product is a must plus it should work for long without any major failures. Tannoy products do have good quality so they can win on this aspect. This also shows that the product should work for long time with less repairs and be good enough for the amount of money spend by the customer.

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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS, DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

From the study over the attitude towards Tannoy sound systems with respect to theatre and churches the major finding is that the amount of awareness about Tannoy products is low. Next to that there is no much of difference between theatre owners and church trustees. They consider Quality as the most important attribute and durability and efficiency next to that. Another major finding is that there is a relationship between brand buying, brand loyalties with price range. So price range preference may change brand loyalty as well as purchase. Customers are ready to pay more for a good quality product. So invest more on R&D than in marketing which will fetch company more profits. One of the most valuable finding among all these is that awareness level of Tannoy products is to low and needs some immediate steps by the management to create awareness. The amount of awareness level is low so a new media plan or extensive ad campaign will definitely help company to draw more clients in near future. Customers seek a good quality product that is durable and efficient so investment in R&D will also pay well to the company. Premium pricing is a good policy to reap profit yet company can give some good beneficial offers to first time buyers in order to attract repurchase. Customers have also mentioned that some amount of fame is also necessary so extensive advertising or sponsoring in major events like Fifa World cup, Super bowl might help a lot to bring some fame to the brand. As said awareness campaign is needed, the company can go for wide range of advertisements. Plus a celebrity endorsement will also draw customer attention over Tannoy products.

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Frequent buyers can be encouraged to buy more by giving perks like foreign tours and gifts for their family during special occasions. More no of distributors should be encouraged in major cities of the country. Customers should feel good about purchase and post purchase activities like service and follow-up. Brand building activities must be done now and then to attract new customers and retain old loyal customers. A 24/7 free customer helpline must be created to help customers. Finally always a good quality product will win customers heart.

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APPENDIX I QUESTIONNARIE
AN ATTIUDE TOWARDS TANNOY SOUND SYSTEMS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHURCHES AND THEATRES

1) Name of the institution / organization: 2) Name of the trust: 3) Total space: 4) Do you own a sound system for this space? Yes: No:

5) If yes, name the brand:_________________ 6) Describe what does a brand mean to you?

7) do you buy only branded sound system a) yes always b) never c) only when quality is important d) rarely 8) Are you a loyal customer for the products you buy? a) Yes always. I stick to the same product b) Never. I keep experimenting with new products. c) Only for quality products. Where it is a commodity, I choose the least-priced product. 9) Are you a price sensitive consumer? a) yes b) no

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10) will you stick to same product if their price is increased(and you are a loyal customer to the product) a) up to a certain limit in price increase b) yes, irrespective of the price rise c) no. I may look for different products 11) Which of the following, according to you, help build a good brand image? a) quality b) communication strategies c) competitive pricing d) good value added services e) free trails and discounts f) others if others, please specify_________________________ 12) Are popular celebrities good brand ambassadors and is investing in them a good strategy? a) sometimes, may be b) no,no c) yes,yes d) rarely, not sure 13) It has been stated severally that the best is yet to come. Give your opinion

14) is it necessary for an organization to change with the times in terms of technology

15) Do you use products because they are most available? a) yes b) no c) mostly 16) if no, are you aware of sound systems Yes: No:

17) if yes, name five brands of your choice

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18) Do you have any idea about Tannoy sound systems? 19) What rank will you suggest for tannoy ? 20) Rank the following attributes of a sound system according to you? Quality Brand name Efficiency Cost effectiveness Economical Size Technical details Capacity Durability Service Others : : : : : : : : : : :

(specify______________) 21) Are you planning to buy/ replace the existing sound system? If yes will you prefer tannoy or other brands?

22) are you financially stable?

23) Price range of your choice a) 10-20 lacs b) 20-30 lacs c) 30-40 lacs d) 40 and above

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APPENDIX II REFERENCES

1. Perceived Quality in Surround Sound Systems Jan Berg Lule University of Technology, School of Music, Pite, Sweden The Interactive Institute, Pite, Sweden 2. Fundamental and Technological Limitations of Immersive Audio Systems CHRIS KYRIAKAKIS, MEMBER, IEEE 3. Comparing Group Means: T-tests and One-way ANOVA Using Stata, SAS, R, and SPSS* Hun Myoung Park, Ph.D. kucc625@indiana.edu 4. www.wikipedia.com 5. www.tannoy.com 6. Consumer Attitudes about Renewable Energy: Trends and Regional Differences Natural Marketing Institute Harleysville, Pennsylvania 7. Consumer attitude toward advertising via mobile devices an empirical investigation among Austrian users Haghirian, Parissa, Kyushu Sangyo University, 3-1-2 Matsukadai, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 813-8503, Japan, parissa@ip.kyusan-u.ac.jp 8. Term Weighting Classification System Using the Chi-square Statistic for the Classification Subtask at NTCIR-6 Patent Retrieval Task Kotaro Hashimoto+ Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka-shi, Niigata 940-2188, Japan Takashi Yukawa Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka-shi, Niigata 940-2188, Japan yukawa@vos.nagaokaut.ac.jp