Computation of effective properties in two-phase

piezocomposites with a rectangular periodic array

Ransés Alfonso Rodríguez*

Julián Bravo Castillero**
Renald Brenner***
David Guinovart Sanjuán****
submitted date: October 2013
Raúl Guinovart Díaz***** received date: November 2013
Reinaldo Rodríguez Ramos****** accepted date: January 2014

Abstract
Based on the Asymptotic Homogenization Method, the electromecha-
nical global behavior of a two-phase piezoelectric unidirectional perio-
dic fibrous composite is investigated. The composite is made of homo-
geneous and linear transversely isotropic piezoelectric materials that
belong to the symmetry crystal class 622. The cross-sections of the
fibers are circular and are centered in a periodic array of rectangular
cells. The composite state is anti-plane shear piezoelectric. Local pro-
blems that arise from the two-scale analysis using the Asymptotic Ho-

*
Bachelor in Mathematics in the Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the University de La Habana, Cuba. Current
position: Junior Professor at the Centro de Estudios Matemáticos del Instituto Superior Politécnico José Antonio Echevarría, Cuba.
ralfonso@cemat.cujae.edu.cu
**
Bachelor in Mathematics Education, Instituto Superior Pedagógico Enrique José Varona, La Habana, Cuba. Bachelor in Mathematics,
MSc in Mathematics, and PhD in Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba.
Current position: professor in the Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. jbravo@
matcom.uh.cu
***
Ph D en Mechanics in Université Paris Nord, 2001, Researcher at the Institut Jean Le Rond d’Alembert, UPMC-CNRS, UMR 7190, 4
place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France. renald.brenner@upmc.fr.
****
Bachelor in Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. Current position:
Junior Professor Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. davidgs@matcom.uh.cu.
*****
Bachelor in Mathematics Education, Instituto Superior Pedagógico Enrique José Varona, La Habana, Cuba. MSc in Mathematics, and PhD
in Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. Current position: professor
Faculty of Mathematics and Computers Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. guino@matcom.uh.cu
******
Bachelor in Mathematics Education, Instituto Superior Pedagógico Enrique José Varona, La Habana, Cuba. PhD in Mathematical-Phisycs
Sciences, Facultad de Matemática y Mecánica. Universidad Estatal de Moscú, Rusia. Professor Faculty of Mathematics and Computers
Sciences at the Universidad de La Habana, Cuba. reinaldo@matcom.uh.cu

Electronic Vision - year 7 number 1 pp. 29 - 39 january -june of 2014

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RANSÉS ALFONSO RODRÍGUEZ - JULIÁN BRAVO CASTILLERO - RENALD BRENNER -
DAVID GUINOVART SANJUÁN - RAÚL GUINOVART DÍAZ - REINALDO RODRÍGUEZ RAMOS

mogenization Method are solved by means instance, partial differential equations with
of a complex variable, leading to an infinite periodic boundary conditions and conditions
system of algebraic linear equations. This on the interfaces between the matrix and the
infinite system is solved here using different fibrous composite. Consequently, AHM pro-
truncation orders, allowing a numerical study vides a mathematical model to give answers
of the effective properties. Some numerical to engineering problems but does not provide
examples are shown. analytical or numerical algorithms to compute
the effective properties.
Key words
Periodic composites, asymptotic homogeni- In this work, AHM is applied to obtain se-
zation method, effective properties, infinite mi-analytical formulae for the elastic, pie-
systems. zoelectric and dielectric permittivity, which
represent effective properties of a reinforced
composite with circular cylindrical shaped fi-
1 Introduction bers, also with a rectangular array distribu-
tion in a matrix. Both, fibers and matrix, are
Periodic composite materials made of reinfor-
characterized by homogeneous and linear
ced unidirectional fibrous embedded in a poly-
transversely isotropic piezoelectric materials
meric matrix are often found in a wide range
belonging to the symmetry crystal class 622.
of applications. An important problem is to
The results are a generalization of those pu-
compute their global (or effective) properties
blished in [1], where the same problem on the
as a function of the physical and geometric
square periodic cell was investigated.
characteristics of the components. The as-
ymptotic homogenization method (AHM) is
a mathematical tool for examining both ma- 2 Problem formulation
croscopic and microscopic properties of this and basic equations
class of heterogeneous media and has been
applied to many areas. The formal procedure A two-phase fibrous composite consisting
of the AHM is based on the combination of of identical circular cylinders embedded in a
the two-scales method combined with avera- matrix is considered here. Both components
ge techniques of the perturbation theory. are homogeneous and linear transversely
isotropic piezoelectric materials belonging
From a mathematical point of view, the to the symmetry crystal class 622. The axis
method guarantees that the solution of a fa- of transversely symmetry coincides with
mily of problems with periodic and rapidly the fibers direction, which is taken as the
oscillating coefficients, depending on a mi- axis. The periodic distribution of the
Ox3 - axis
crostructural small parameter , converges fibers follows a rectangular array, as obser-
to the solution of the homogenized problem ved in Figure 1. The governing equations
as ! 0. The coefficients of the homo- are the equilibrium equations of linear elas-
genized problem are not rapidly oscillating ticity and the quasi-static approximation
and are called effective coefficients of the of Maxwell’s equations in the absence of
composite. However, to compute the effec- free conduction currents. For the mechani-
tive coefficients it is necessary to solve the cal displacement, w " ( w1 , w2 , w3 ) and the
so-called local problems, which involves, for electric field E " ( E1 , E2 , E3 ) .

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 COMPUTATION OF EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES IN TWO-PHASE PIEZOCOMPOSITES WITH A RECTANGULAR PERIODIC ARRAY

The constitutive relations of the linear pie- where n " ( n1 , n2 ) is the outer unit normal
A RESEARCH
zoelectricity theory are as follows: vector to * , and + " +(1) ( +(2) denotes the VISION
contrast around * , taken from the matrix to
the fiber.
(1)

where # ij is the stress tensor; ij is the li- Figure 1: Binary composite: cross-section of
nearized strain; and Di the electric displa- the rectangular array distribution
cement. of the identical circular cylinders
of radius R . The periodic cell
The material properties of the piezoelectric V " (V1 V2 ) ; and the common
medium are described by the following coeffi- interface * are illustrated
$ %
cients: elastic Cijkl , piezoelectric eikl , and $ % in the lower right corner
$ %
dielectric & ij . The super-index indicates
the periodic and rapidly oscillating variation
of the original fields. The material functions
satisfy the usual symmetry and positivity
conditions (see, for instance, [2]). The con-
vention summation over repeated indexes is
assumed. The Latin indexes runs from 1 to 3.

The equilibrium equations on the composite

are represented by
# ij , j " fi , Di ,i " 0,
(2)

where fi corresponds to the body forces and

the comma notation means partial differentia-
tion.

The following geometric relations have been

used
2 kl " wl ,k ) wk ,l , Em " (',m , Source: own elaboration
(3)

Equations (1)-(4), are established are establis-

where ' is an electric potential.
hed in the region occupied by composite ,
Perfect contact conditions are assumed on , which must be completed with appropriated
the interface * between the fibers and the boundary conditions. For instance, one can as-
matrix: sume homogeneous boundary conditions like
wl " 0, ' " 0, on -, . Hereinafter,
when “the problem (1)-(4), is mentioned”, it
means that such homogeneous conditions are
(4) considered.

Electronic Vision - year 7 number 1 pp. 29 - 39 january -june of 2014

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RANSÉS ALFONSO RODRÍGUEZ - JULIÁN BRAVO CASTILLERO - RENALD BRENNER -
DAVID GUINOVART SANJUÁN - RAÚL GUINOVART DÍAZ - REINALDO RODRÍGUEZ RAMOS

3. Homogenization and models coefficients as functions of the solution of the

for the local problems and local problems.
effective coefficients
Summarizing the relevant results, the homo-
In this problem the small parameter could genized problem can be written in the compo-
be considered as " l L , where l is the dis- site , 0 in the following form:
tance between the centers of two neighboring
cylinders and L is the diameter of the com-
Cijkl wk0,lj ) emij',0mj " fi , x / ,0 ,
posite. In this type of problem it is possible
to distinguish two spatial scales: one of them eikl wk0,li ( & im',0mi " 0, x / ,0 , (6)
defined by the global (or slow) variable x , and
wk0 " 0, ' 0 " 0, x / -,0 ,
the other one is the local (or fast) variable
x
y" .
where the effective coefficients can be calcu-
lated from the formulae
In order to obtain the homogenized problem,
the solution of the solution of (1)-(4), is sought
is sought as follows:
Cijpq " Cijpq ) Cijkl pq M k |l ) ekij pq N |k ,
eipq " eipq ) eikl pq M k |l ( & ik pq N |k ,
(7)
eqij " eqij ) Cijkl q Pk |l ) ekij q Q|k ,
(5)
& iq " & iq ( eikl q Pk |l ) & ik q Q|k ,

where w0 , w1 , ' 0 , ' 1 are V - periodic

periodic where “|” is used to denote partial diffe-
functions with respect to the fast variable y. rentiation with respect to the fast variable
yl whereas the local functions pq M ,k , pq N ,
Substituting (5) in the problem (1)-(4), y q Q are the V - periodic
periodic solutions of
q P, k
applying the chain rule differentiation formu- the following local problems on the periodic
la, and equating to zero, the terms correspon- cell V :
ding to equal powers of $
(2
, (1 , 0 , . %
are obtained, which correspond to a recurrent ! Problem pq L : Find the V - periodic
periodic
family of partial differential equations. From functions pq M , k
y pq N such that:
the term corresponding to (2 it is possible
to conclude that w0 and ' 0 do not depend
on the fast variable, i.e.: w0 " w0 ( x) and pq " i(! ,)! # 0 in V( ) ,
' 0 " ' 0 (x) . On the other hand, from the
equations associated to (1 the local pro- pq D!( ,!) # 0 in V( ) ,
blems are obtained. The solutions to these M i( )
# 0 on $,
pq
problems play an important role to compute
the effective properties. Finally, working with
the system corresponding to 0 it is possible pq N( # 0 on $,
)

to derive the “homogenized problem” and the %

pq " i! n! # % % i! pq n! on $,
formulae for the computation of the effective G
G

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 COMPUTATION OF EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES IN TWO-PHASE PIEZOCOMPOSITES WITH A RECTANGULAR PERIODIC ARRAY

%
!"#$%&'(#()*#+,-(./0,-*1#/2&%0*34#5&2# A RESEARCH
pq D! n! # % G! pq n! on $, the symmetry crystal class 622 VISION
M i # 0, In this section the homogenization model will
pq
be specified for the particular case of compo-
pq N # 0, nents with transversely isotropic piezoelec-
(8)
tric of 622 crystal symmetry. In particular, we
are interested in the solution of the “antipla-
With the local constitutive relations given by
ne” problems ) 13 L, 23 L, 1 L, 2 L * because the
“plane” problems ) 11 L, 22 L, 33 L, 12 L, 3 L *
are the same as those investigated in [4]. The
pq " i(! ) # Ci(! k)& pq M k( ,&) ( e&( i!) pq N ,(& ) ,
relevant constitutive relations are
(9)
pq D!( ) # e!( k &) pq M k( ,&) % ' !&( ) pq N ,(& ) .
"+ ++
" 23 # 2+ C2323
+ + +
23 %+ e123
+
E1+ , " 13+ # 2C
" +1313
+ +
13 %+ e213
+ + +
E2 , + +

+
e+1+ #+ 2(e123
# 2D + ++ +
' 23E ( '11+ E1+ , D2+ # 2D++ +
e213#132(e+' 22
+ + +
E2(.' + +

The Greek indexes run from 1 to 2.

(12)
Problem q L : Find the V - periodic
periodic functions
q P, k
and q Q such that: Only three material properties are invol-
ved here, namely: the longitudinal shear
+ + +
q " i(! ,)! # 0 in V( ) , modulus p # C1313 =C 2323 , the transver-
+ + +
se permittivity constant t # '11 # ' 22 , and
q D!( ,!) # 0 in V( ) , the shear stress piezoelectric coefficient
q Pi ( )
# 0 on $, s+ e+213s,+# #%e123
+ +
213. # %e123 .

q Q( )
# 0 on $, The solution of the “antiplane” local problems
(10) allows obtaining the effective properties
q " i! n! # % eqi! n! on $,

q D! n! # % ' ! q n! on $, C1313 , C2323 , e213 , e123 , '11 and ' 22 . For ins-
tance, with the solutions 1 P and 1 Q of the
q Pi # 0, local problem 1 L it is possible to compute the
Q # 0, effective coefficients:
q

where %e123 # s 'v ( p 1 P2 ( s ' 1 Q1 , # tv ( ' ( ,

(13)
# s' ( p ( s' , '11 # tv ( s ' 1 P2 ( t 1 Q1 ,
q " ( )
i! #C ( )
P ( )
i! k & q k , & (e Q ,
( ) v( )
& i! q , &
(11)
( )
q D! # e!( k &) q Pk(,&) % ' !&( ) q Q,(& ) . V1k1 ( V2 k2
where kv # V1 ( V2 , with V2 # - R 2 and 1 ( V2 # a
In the following, the pre-index “1” will be eli-
A more detailed explanation of this asymp- minated for simplicity. The local displacement
totic process for a more general case can be P ) . 1 P * and the local potential Q ) . 1 Q * are
found in [3]. solutions of the following local problem 1 L

Electronic Vision - year 7 number 1 pp. 29 - 39 january -june of 2014

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RANSÉS ALFONSO RODRÍGUEZ - JULIÁN BRAVO CASTILLERO - RENALD BRENNER -
DAVID GUINOVART SANJUÁN - RAÚL GUINOVART DÍAZ - REINALDO RODRÍGUEZ RAMOS

/P ( ) # 0 in V( ) , is an even function of ? , with z # Rei? , and

/Q ( ) # 0 in V( ) , Q ( ) is an odd function of ? . Expressions for
P # 0 on $,
the undetermined constants a0 and b0 appea-
ring in P (1) and Q (1) , respectively, can be ob-
Q # 0 on $,
tained from the quasi-periodicity of 3 ( z )
( p P,1 % s,Q,2 )n1 ( ( p P,2 ( s,Q,1 )n2 # % s ' n1 on $,
( s ' P,2 % tQ,1 )n1 % ( s ' P,1 ( t Q,2 )n2 # t n1 on $, 3 ( z ( 2@ ) % 3 ( z ) # !@ , (16)
P # 0,
Q # 0, A 2@ B
where !@ # 23 C 2 D and the Legendre’s re-
(14) E F
lation is fulfilled (see, for instance, [5]). The
Laurent expansion about the origin for P (1)
where / is the two-dimensional Lapla- (1)
and is
cian. Therefore, the solutions P ( ) and
Q ( ) ) # 1, 2 * are doubly periodic har-
monic functions of the complex variable 57 4 o l 4 o 4 o 67
P ( z ) # 8 9> al z % > ak > kGkl z l : ,
(1)

z # x1 ( ix2 defined in the rectangular cell 7; l #1 k #1 l #1 7< (17)

V ) # V1 V2 0 V1 ! V2 # 1 * with periods 21 # 1
57 4 o 4 o 4 o 67
and 22 # ai . Q (1) ( z ) # = 9> bl z l % > bk > kGkl, z l : ,
;7 l #1 k #1 l #1 <7
3.2 Solution of the local problem 1 L
The solution of is sought as follows:
with
57 4 o
3 ( k %1) ( z ) 67
P ( z ) # 8 9a0 z ( > ak
(1)
:, !2 !1
;7 k #1 (k % 1)! <7 G11 # , % G11, # ,
22 21
75 4 o
3 ( k %1) ( z ) 76 (k ( l % 1)!
Q ( z ) # = 9b0 z ( > bk
(1)
:, Gkl # Gkl, # S k (l for k , l H 1,
;7 k #1 (k % 1)! <7 k !l !
(18)
57 4 o 67
P ( z ) # 8 9> ck z k : ,
(2)

7; k #1 7< and the lattices sum S k is defined by

57 4 o k 67
Q ( z ) # = 9> d k z : ,
(2)

;7 k #1 <7 S k # > ' (m21 ( n22 ) % k , k I 3, (19)

(15) m,n

where ak , bk , ck and d k are real and un- where the prime on the summation means
determined coefficients, 3 ( z ) is the quasi- that the double summation excludes the term
periodic Weierstrass Zeta function; whereas m # n # 0 . The series are absolute and uni-
3 ( k ) ( z ) denotes their k -th derivative of formly convergent. The conditions on the in-
periods 21 and 22 . The superscript “ o ” on terface in (14) are used now to derive the fo-
the summation indicates that the summation llowing relations between the undetermined
is carried out only over the odd indexes. P ( ) coefficients

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 COMPUTATION OF EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES IN TWO-PHASE PIEZOCOMPOSITES WITH A RECTANGULAR PERIODIC ARRAY

$ o
to rewrite (20) as follows:
A RESEARCH
R cl & % R al % / k" kl R ak ,
l %l l
VISION
k &1 I *W ! 1 & % 3,
$ o
I % W '! & ,
R l dl & R % l bl % / k" kl' R l bk , 2 4

k &1 311(1) 1 * 312(1) 2 * 311(2)W 1 * 312(2)W ' 2 & U1 ,

( o
)3 (1) *(3 (1) *3 W
o
(2)
* 322
(2)
W' & U2,
( $o ) ( 21 1 $ o22 2 21 1 2
s ' R#1l & p1 * p2 ! R % l al % p + / k"kl R l ak , * s + R % l % / " R l
+ k &1 , + (23)
- . - k 1

( $o ) ( %l $ o ) where I is the identity matrix, and the compo-

a % p + / " Rl a ,, * s ' ++ R bl % / k"kl' R bk ,, ,
l
nents of matrices W and W ' for k & l & 1 are
+k 1
- . - k &1 .
- . -
( %l $ o
) $ o # #
t R#1l & s ' + R al * / k"kl R ak , % t1 * t2 ! R b w11 "& 2l R 2 , w11' & 1 R 2 , (24)
+
l
,
%l
/ 42 41
- k &1 . k 1
- . - .
$ o ( $ o
) and in other case
/ k" Rl a t1 t2 ! R % l bl % t + / k" kl' R l bk , ,
+ k &1 ,
1 - .
(20) (k * l % 1)! R k *l
w & w' & kl kl S . k *l
(k % 1)!(l % 1) ! k l
for l & 1,3,5, 0 As we can note, the coeffi- (25)
cients ak and bk , from the last two equations
of (20), are solutions of an infinite system of So both matrices W and W ' are real, sym-
linear algebraic equations. metric, and bounded, and consequently we
can use classical results from the theory of
On the other hand, based on certain transfor- infinite systems. Furthermore,
mations, as in [1], it is possible to modify to
obtain
a1' a3' ,a5' 0! , & b1' b3' b&5' 0! ,
T T T T
& 1 & 0 2
0 ,
s1'a % 21 t1a1 t a * 21 b1 !
c1' c3', c5' 0! , & d1' d3' &d5' 0! ,
T T T T
%e123 & , , 211 & 1 , &
, (21) 3 &0 4
0 ,
a a
(26)
where only residues a1 and b1 of P (1) and
Q (1) , respectively, are relevant for computing and all components of U1 and U 2 are zero ex-
e123 and 211 . cept the first ones which are equal to % R 5 'p
and % R 5t respectively, where
3.2.1 Solution of the infinite system
To solve the infinite system (20) it is convenient p s'
to introduce the following change of variables 5p & , 5 t' & ,
p1 * p2 t1 * t2
(27)
al' & l R % l al , bl' & l R % l bl , s' t
(22) 5 'p & , 5t & .
cl' & l R % l cl , dl' & l R % l dl , p1 * p2 t1 * t2

Electronic Vision - year 7 number 1 pp. 29 - 39 january -june of 2014

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 RANSÉS ALFONSO RODRÍGUEZ - JULIÁN BRAVO CASTILLERO - RENALD BRENNER -
DAVID GUINOVART SANJUÁN - RAÚL GUINOVART DÍAZ - REINALDO RODRÍGUEZ RAMOS

The non-symmetric 2 6 2 matrices 7 (1) and 3.2.2 Generalization to other

7 (2) can be defined by antiplane problems
Solving the local problem 1 L , one can obtain only
the coefficients e123 and 211 . This is why we need
8 %1 5 '%95 'p 9 8 5 p8 5 5 'p 95 ' 9
7 7 (1): & 8: ; , ; , 7 7& : 5:' 5 ; . ;(28)
(2)
. to solve the other “antiplane” local problems so
< <t % 5 t' =1 = < t = t = as to obtain the remaining effective coefficients.
For instance, from 2 L we can compute e213 and
2 22 , from 23 L it is possible to obtain e123 and
Therefore, the third and fourth equations of C2323 and from 13 L we can compute e213 and C1313 .
(23) can be transformed in
The methodology used in the previous sub-
sections is then applied to solve these local
> 11 1 *> 12 2 * W 1 & 0, problems, with the aim of computing the effec-
(29)
> 21 1 *> 22 2 * W ' 2 & U 2 , tive coefficients 1313 , C2323 , e213 and 2 22 .

4. Numerical examples
where only the first component of U 2 is non-
null, and equal to % R , and In this section some numerical examples
will be presented in order to illustrate the
efficiency of the method described above.
%1 1 8 % 5 t * 5 'p 5 t' % 5 'p 1 * 5 t ! 9 Firstly, we will show comparisons with the
? & 8<7 (2) 9= 7 (1) & : ;, .
@ :< % 5 t' 1 * 5 p ! 5 p % 5 'p 5 t' =; results reported in [1] for computations of
the effective coefficients in the limit case of
, @ & 5 p 5 t * 5 'p 5 t'. (30) a square cell a & 1! . Secondly, for the rec-
tangular cell with a & 2 , some comparisons
are made with results derived from the Fast
Now we can analyze the behavior of the effec- Fourier Transform numerical method. The-
se last numerical results illustrate that the
tive coefficients for different orders of trunca-
present work involves an extension of the
tion of the infinite system (29). The general
results published in [1].
form of the components of the principal ma-
trix - H & 8< hij 9= - of (29) can be defined as fo-
In both cases we use the same data taken
llows
from [1], which are as follows: for the matrix
(collagen) p1 & 1, 4 GPa, t1 / !0 & 2.825 units,
A Ahii & > 11 * wii , and d1 & 0, 062 pC/N; whereas for the fibers
B B (collagen-hydroxyapatite (HA)) p2 & 2, 697
B for i odd C hij & wij , if j odd,
GPa, t2 / !0 & 2.509 units, and d 2 & 0, 041 pC/N.
BB B h &> ,
D ii *1 12
!0 & 8,854 610%12 C2/N·m2
hij & C
B Ahii & > 22 * wi %1i %1 ,
Bfor i even BC h & w' , 4.1 Case of a & 1
i %1 j %1 if j even.
B ij
B h &> , In this subsection, we reproduce the nume-
BD D ii %1 21
rical results published in [1]. In fact, Figure 2
(31) shows the semi-analytical results of the pre-

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36
 COMPUTATION OF EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES IN TWO-PHASE PIEZOCOMPOSITES WITH A RECTANGULAR PERIODIC ARRAY

sent model that reproduce those published in ved from the present model corresponds to
A RESEARCH
Figure 2, page 5774 of [1]. The results deri- an order of truncation n0 & 4. VISION

Figure 2. Comparisons of the effective properties between the results derived from the
present semi-analytical model (AHM) and those reported in Figure 2, page
5774 of [1] (AHM [1]) for the limit case of a square periodic cell a & 1!

211 2
4.2 Case of a & 2 and t22 , or
C1313
p1 and C2323
, as illustrated in
t1 1 p1
The main goal of this subsection is to illus- Figure 3.
trate the effectiveness of the present semi-
analytical model for a rectangular array Moreover, this semi-analytical model shows
its quality when we compare with the re-
a E 1! .
sults via the Fast Fourier Transform method
(FFT) (see, for instance, [5-8]). The results
In this case the effective properties don’t pre- of such comparison are shown in Figure
serve the symmetry of the phases, i.e., when 3. The expected effect of the rectangular
e e213
we compute s123' and s '1 , they will be diffe- array periodic distribution, for a & 2 , in the
1
rent. The same will happen when we obtain orthotropic global behavior is revealed.

Electronic Vision - year 7 number 1 pp. 29 - 39 january -june of 2014

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RANSÉS ALFONSO RODRÍGUEZ - JULIÁN BRAVO CASTILLERO - RENALD BRENNER -
DAVID GUINOVART SANJUÁN - RAÚL GUINOVART DÍAZ - REINALDO RODRÍGUEZ RAMOS

Figure 3. Normalized elastic, piezoelectric and dielectric effective coefficients of a two phase
piezoelectric fibrous composite with 622 piezoelectric phases versus fiber area
fraction V2 / 2 . Comparisons between the results derived from the present semi-
analytical formulae (AHM) and those derived by the FFT numerical method (FFT)

Source: own elaboration

5. Concluding remarks related to the considered rectangular geome-

try, which is a considerable source of non-null
A methodology was developed for obtaining coefficients in the principal matrix of the infi-
semi-analytical expressions to compute the nite system. The effective properties depend
effective properties derived from the “antipla- on the fiber radius “ R ”, which is less than
ne” local problems of a two-phase piezoelec- 1/ 2 ; on the physical properties of each phase
tric unidirectional periodic fibrous composite as well as on the length “ a ” of the rectangu-
made of homogeneous and linear transversely lar cell that appears revealed in the matrix ?
isotropic piezoelectric materials, which belong of the system (30). The methodology is based
to the symmetry crystal class 622. The cross- on elements from the theory of complex varia-
sections of the fibers are circular and are cen- bles, from lattices sums, and from the theory of
tered in a periodic array of rectangular cells. !"! #$%&'&#$(&%)*%+,-$./+ 0%$12+# )!&3%
The efficiency of such methodology was veri-
fied by reproducing the results published in [1] Acknowledgements
for the particular case of a square cell.
The authors are very grateful to the Organi-
The main difficulties found in this study are zing Committee of the IX Congreso Interna-
linked with the non-nullity of the lattices sums cional de Electrónica, Control y Telecomu-

Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas - Technological Faculty

38
 COMPUTATION OF EFFECTIVE PROPERTIES IN TWO-PHASE PIEZOCOMPOSITES WITH A RECTANGULAR PERIODIC ARRAY

nicaciones for their invitation and support. [4] G. G. Nava-Gómez, H. Camacho-Montes,

A RESEARCH
This work was finished during a visit of Dr. F. J. Sabina, R. Rodríguez-Ramos, L. Fuen- VISION
R. Brenner to the Faculty of Mathematics and tes, R. Guinovart-Díaz, “Elastic properties
Computers Sciences at the University of Ha- of an orthotropic binary fiber-reinforced
vana, and was supported by the Priority Soli- composite with auxetic and conventional
darity Fund (FSP Cuba 2011-26) project. The constituents”, Mechanics of Materials, Vo-
PNCB project is also acknowledged.
lume 48, pp. 1-25, 2012.
[5] S. Lang, Complex Analysis, New York:
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