HEADACHE DEFINTION

MIGRAIN TENSION CLUSTER

Definisi
• Headache are one of the most common neurological problems.
Migrain
Migrain is common, recurrent, severe headache that interfere with
normal function.
Migrain divided in two major subtype : Migrain without aura and
migrain with aura.
Migrain adalah jenis sakit kepala yang bersifat unilateral, nyeri kepala
hanya satu sisi saja dan disertai denyutan
Migrain
Gejala :
- Bisa disertai mual muntah
- Photopobia
CLUSTER
Merupakan sakit kepala yang terjadi secara beruntun
Cluster
Gejala- gejala:
• Bisa terjadi setiap hari selama 2 – 3 bulan
• Nyeri yang parah
• Durasi selama ½ - 3 jam
• Terjadi di 1 sisi kepala maupun belakang mata, ubun- ubun, dan
pelipis
• Disertai mata berair dan hidung tersumbat
Tension
Merupakan sakit kepala yang paling umum terjadi. Dapat menjadi
kronis dan dikenal sebagai CDH (chronic daily headache)
Tension
Gejala- gejala:
• Terjadi hampir setiap hari (lebih dari 15x per bulan)
• Bersifat bilateral (seluruh bagian kepala)
• Nyeri disertai rasa berat di kepala seperti tertekan dan kaku di bagian
leher
• Durasi bisa hitungan menit hingga hari
Headache Tension type Migraine (with Cluster
feature headache or without aura) Headache
Pain location Bilateral Unilaterl or Unilateral
Bilateral (around the eye,
above the eye
and along the
side of the
head/face)
Pain quality Prressing/tighten Pulsating Variable (can be
ing (non-pulsing) (throbbing or sharp, boring,
banging in burning,
young people throbbing or
aged 12-17 lightening)
years)
Pain Intensity Mild or moderate Moderate or Severe or very
severe severe
Effect on Non aggravated Aggravated by or Restlessness or
activities by routine causes avoidance agitation
activities of daily of routine
living activities of daily
living
Headache Tension type Migraine (with Cluster
feature headache or without aura) Headache
Other symptoms None Unusual On that same
sensitivity to side as the
light and/or headache
sound or nausea - Red and/or
and/or vomiting watery eye
- Nasal
Aura : congestion
Symptoms can and/or runny
occur with or nose
without - Swollen eyelid
headache and : - Forehead and
facial sweating
-are fully - Constricted
reversible pupil and/or
drooping
-develop over at eyelid
least 5 minutes
Headache Tension type Migraine (with Cluster
feature headache or without aura) Headache
Other symptoms None Typical aura
symptoms
include visual
symptoms such
as flickering
lights, sports or
ilnes and/or
partial loss of
vision; sensory
symptoms such
as numbness
and/or pins and
needles; and/or
speech
disturbance.
Duration of 30 minutes-continuous 4-72 hours in adults 15-180 minutes
headache 1-72 hors in young people
Aged 12-17 years

Frequency of <15 days per ≥15 days per <15 days per ≥15 days per 1 every other 1 every other
headache month month for month month for day to 8 per day3Type
more than 3 more than 3 day3. with equation here.
month month remission4 > to 8 per day
1 month with a
continuous
remission4 <1
month in a 12-
month period
Diagnosis Episodic Chronic Episode Chronic Episodic Chronic
Tension-type Tension-type Migraine(with Migraine(with Cluster Cluster
headache headache or without or without headache headache
aura) aura)
 Berlangsung 5x dengan
durasi 4 – 72 jam

Nyeri menengah sampai

parah

Common
Kepala terasa
Migraine/ non Gejala-gejala
berdenyut
aura

Migrain
Pandangan terganggu
(melihat kilatan cahaya bisa
selama 5 - 60 menit)
Common
Kesemutan dan
Migraine/ with Gejala-gejala
aura
aura
Berlangsung selama
beberapa jam hingga 2 hari
Patient with
complaint of
headache

Asses patient
& the pain. Diagnosed
Recommend
Obtain migraine or
Exclusions for self- Analgesic use for appropriate
medical & symptoms typical
treatment (see headache > 3 days nonpharmacologic
medication of sinus or
box)? per week? & pharmacologic
history. Ask tension-type
therapy
about headache?
attempted
treatments
Medical referral Decrease Medical referral Go to next page
analgesic use
over a few days;
medical referral
if headache
persists