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Surface Applications

DSI

Bench drilling
- Quarries - Construction - Mining
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BENCH DRILLING
Free face parallel to blast holes

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FACTORS AFFECTING BENCH DRILLING

Rock properties Bench height Hole diameter Demands on Fragmentation Environmental restrictions

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BENCH HEIGHT

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BENCH HEIGHT

Drilling Equipment Hole diameter (Smaller holes, lower benches) Normal bench height 10-15 m

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HOLE DIAMETER

Fragmentation Ground vibrations Need for selective rock excavation

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FRAGMENTATION

Downstream operation Loading equipment Filling level of trucks Larger holes give coarser fragmentation

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ENVIRONMENTAL RESTRICTIONS

Ground vibrations Fly rock Air blast

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BURDEN

Rule of thumb: V=d


Burden in meters Hole diameter in inch

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SUB DRILLING

Sub drilling: U = 0.3 x V

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SPACING

E = 1.25 x V

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MAXIMUM BURDEN

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MAXIMUM BURDEN

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SQUARE PATTERN

E V

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STAGGERED PATTERN

E V

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FIRING PATTERN

3
4 5

2
3 4

2
3 4

2
3 4

2
3 4

2
3 4

2
3 4

3
4 5

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FIRING PATTERN

5
6 7

4
5 6

3
4 5

2
3 4

2
3 4

3
4 5

4
5 6

5
6 7

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TERMINOLOGY IN BENCH DRILLING

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BENCH HEIGHT Less benches to construct and maintain Less sub drilling Less boulders

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BENCH HEIGHT Less benches to construct and maintain Less sub drilling Less boulders Better hole accuracy Higher penetration rate over the hole depth Maximised burden/spacing

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INCLINATION OF DRILL HOLES

+ Reduced drilling and explosive costs due to increased burden + More stable bench edge + Less risk for back break Increased risk of hole deviation

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Training 2002

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