DISEASE VECTORS AND VECTOR BIONOMICS

DR.S.M.JOSHI MEDICAL OFFICER&FACULTY MEMBER H.F.W.T.C.THANE

MOSQUITO FAUNA
GENUS WORLD INDIA

ANOPHELES

465

53

AEDES

888

111

CULEX

715

57

MANSONIA

23

TOTAL

>2091

225

DISEASE VECTOR

MALARIAAn.culicifacies,An.fluvitalis, An.minimus,An.sundaicus, An.stephensi,An.phillipinesis, An.varuna,,An,dirus,An.Annularis

DENGUE&CHIKUNGUNYA:Aedes Aegypti

DISEASE VECTOR
FILARIASIS: Cx.quiquefasciatus,Ma.annulifera

JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS: Cx.Visnui,Cx,triataenorhynchus

NUISANCE MOSQUITOES: Cx.quinquefascieatus,Ae.Aegypti, Armigeres

VECTOR of Malaria in INDIA

PNEUMONICS C-An.Culicifacies M-An.Minimus S-An.Stephensi P-An.Philipinesis A-An.Annularis S-An.Sundaicus F-An.Fluvitalis V-An.Varuna D-An.Dirus

CMS PA Suffer from Viral diseases

BIONOMICS OF MALARIA VECTOR SPECIES IN MAHARASTRA

NAME OF SPECIES RESTING BREEDING BITING FEEDING

An. Indoor, cattle shade, culicifacies human dwellings ,cool places with low disturbances An. fluvitalis Mainly human habits, in hills found, resting outdoors, irrigated tracks. Human dwelling,& cattle shades, out door on well walls

Rain water pools, irrigation channels,sliggish streams, barrow pits, rice fields. Clear water irrigation channels, in grassy margins of slow moving streams of seepages.

After dusk 10.30P.M .to 12.30AM 9PM to 11PM

Mainly zoophillic

Anthropophil lic

An. stephensi

In urban areas wells ,cisterns,fountains,orna 4AM to mental tanks, artificial 6AM containers, overhead tanks

On human or cattle depending on availability.

VECTOR Species of Malaria in MAHARASTRA

VECTOR SPECIES
An.culicifacies An.Fluvitalis+

DISTRICT
In all district of Maharashtra State mainly in rural areas .
1)Nagpur 2)Nanded 3)Thane 4)Pune 5)Beed 6)Osmanabad 13)Aurangabad 7)Dhule 8)Bhandara 9)Solapur 10)Akola 11)Ahmednagar 12)Gadchiroli

An.culicifacies

An.Stephensi+ An.culicifacies

Urban and Semi urban areas in Maharashtra State

MOSQUITO CONTROL MEASURES

CHEMICAL METHODS

ADULTICIDE

LARVICIDE

Adulticide ( Insecticide) formulation and their dosage

S Name of r. Insecticide N o. Preparatio n of suspention in water Dosa ge /sq. M Residua l effectin week No.of spray round s /annu m Requireme nt /jakh population (inMT) Area to be covered by 10litres to get correct dosage(Sq .M.)

/ro For und 2rou nds

75 300
3 1.87 5 0.93 8 0.93 8

1 2
3 4 5 6

DDT50%wdp Malathion25%wdp
Deltamethrin2.5% wp Alphacypermethri n5%wp Cyfluthrin10%wp Lambdacythalothr in10%wp

1kg/10litres 2kg/10litres
400gm/10litr e 250gm/10litr es 125gm/10litr e 125gm/10litr e

1gm 2gm
20mg 25mg 25mg 25mg

10-12 6-8
10-12 10-12 10-12 10-12

2 3
2 2 2 2

150 900
6 3.75 1.875 1.875

500 250
500 500 500 500

1MT= 1000KGM

Insecticide formulation and their dosage For space spraying /fogging

N Name of Commerci o Insecticid al e formulatio n
1 Pyrethrum Extract 2.0% Extract

Preparation of formulation
1:19 i.e.part of 2% PyrethrumExtrac t in19 parts of Kerosine/diesel (w/v)

Equipment used

Remarks

Piit pump or hand operated fogging(micro discharge)machine

Used for indoor spray sufficient to spray for 400 households.100 cu.meter indoor space/household Outdoor thermalfogging watchfor wind conditions before fogging

Malathion

Technical Malathion

5 .part of Technical Malathion in95 parts of diesel oil (v/v)

Vehicle mounted thermal fogging machine .speed of vehicle6km/hour orasrecommended by machine manufactures

Sr. No. Name Commerc Comme Sr Name of of rcial . larvicide ial larvicid formulati formula e tion N on o.
1 MLO 100%petroli um product 50%ec

Larviicide formulation and their dosage

Prepara Preparation tion of rto of ready ready spray rto formulation spray formula tion
As it is

Dosage For
1Sq.m ete 50 linear meter s 1liter 1 Hecter (diluted)

Freque ncy of applicat ion

20cc

200 liters

Weekly

Temephos

2.5cc in 10liters of potable water (surfacetreatment) 250gms in 10liters ofpotable water (2.5%susp). 100mlin 10liters ofpotable water

20cc

1 liter

200 liters

weekly

B.Thuringiensi s (Bti) B.Thuringiensi s (Bti)

powder

20cc

1 liter

200 liters

Two weekly

Liquid

20cc

1 liter

200 liters

Weekly

Mosquito Control Measures

Biolodical Method:-Use of Fish Guppy/ Gambusia / Bti /B- Sphericus etc. Source Reduction: Elimination of reduction of breeding sites. Filling up burrow pits,ditches,unused irrigation cannals,wells,deweeding,chanalization etc. Personal Protection: Use of Repellant Use of mosquito net. Application of Nylon mesh to doors and windows.

Formula for measurement of surface area of Bed net

Surface Area =2 ( a + b ) +c where a=length x height b=height x width c=length x Width

Methods of Impregnation
Prepare solution in optimum quality of water with required quantity of insecticides. Soak bed net in solution thoroughly. Do not hang it, dry it by spreading on a rubber sheet in a shed. Residual Efficacy:-6 months if not washed Precautions:-Avoid contamination of skin,eyes,mouth with insecticide formulation. If contaminated ,wash with soap and water.

Impregnation of Bed nets Quality of Bed nets

Bednet hole size: Not bigger than 1.2 to 1.5 mm. diameter .i.e.6 to 8 holes to 10mm linear length.

Dosage: 25 mg Deltamethrin/sq.mt. or 50mg Cyfluthrin/sq.mt.

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