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CNG NGH CH BIN KH

CNG NGH XAN SUT AXETYLEN T KHI T NHIN

Ging vin hng dn : Th.S NGUYN THANH THIN Nhm sinh vin : 1.Khng Vn Lim 2.Mai Vn Nam 3.Phm Trung Ngha 4.Nguyn Vn Quyt 5.Trng Phc Sang 6.Trn Minh Thin

TNG QUT
TNH CHT VT L

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Trong iu kin thng axetylen l cht kh khng mu, khng c, dng tinh khit c mi ete yu, c tc dng gy m, t tan trong nc, nh hn khng kh, nguyn cht c v hi ngt v c c trng bi cc yu t sau :d = 1,17 kg/m3, M=26,08 kg/kmol, Cp =0,402 kJ/kg, tnt=-83,80C, tth =-35,50C, Pth=6,04 Mpa, nhit thng hoa 21,59 kJ/mol, nhit ha hi 15,21 kJ/mol, t trng 0,686 kg/m3 .
Tnh cht quan trng khc ca axetylen l kh nng ha tan ca n ln hn nhiu so vi nhng hydro cacbon khc.

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LOGO TNH CHT HO HC Phn ng cng hp vi hidro, nc, ru, halogen, axit. Phn ng th vi kim loi kim, Cu, Ag, Ni, Hg, Co, Zn, to thnh axetylenit kim loi rt d n. Phn ng trng hp. Phn ng oxi ho.

axetylen
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NG DNG

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C S HA L CA QU TRNH PHN HY HYDROCACBON SN XUT AXETYLEN

2CH4 2CH4 C2H6 C2H6 C3H8 C3H8 C2H2 + 3H2 C2H4 + 2H2 C2H4 + H2 C2H2 + 2H2 C2H4 + CH4 C3H6 + H2
C3H8 C4H10 C4H10 C4H10 1,5CH2 + 2,5H2 C2H4 + C2H6 C4H8 + H2 2C2H2 + 3H2

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C2H4 C2H2 + H2 C3H6 1,5C2H2 + 1,5H2

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ng cong cn bng ca phn ng nhit phn metan ph thuc vo nhit

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Hiu sut axetylen trong qu trnh nhit phn hydrocacbon c xc nh bng ng hc tin hnh phn ng: tc to thnh axetylen cn phi cao hn tc phn ng phn hy n thnh cc cht n gin. V th t c hiu sut cao vi sn phm chnh l axetylen cn phi hn ch cc phn ng khng mong mun bng cch lm lnh nhanh sn phm phn ng (qu trnh ti).

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LA CHN NGUYN LIU SN XUT AXETYLEN

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Nguyn liu sn xut axetylen c th s dng cc hydrocacbon dng kh (kh t nhin v kh ng hnh), dung dch lng hoc hn hp hidrocacbon nh keroxen.

2CH4 C2H6 2C3H8 C4H10

C2H2 + 3H2; C2H2 + 2H2; 3C2H2 + 5H2; 2C2H2 + 3H2;

H298 = +89,97 kcal/mol. H298 = +71,4 kcal/mol. H298 = +70,9 kcal/mol. H298 = +69,3 kcal/mol.

CC CNG NGH SN XUT AXETYLEN

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sn xut axetylen ngi ta dung phn ng nhit phn hyrocacbon nhit cao. Tuy theo cach cp nhit thc hin phn ng nhit phn hyrocacbon thanh axetylen ma ngi ta chia thanh nhom cac phng phap sau: Qua trinh nhit in. Qua trinh oxy hoa khng hoan toan.

QU TRNH NHIT IN

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Bn cht ca qua trinh la s phong in trong mi trng hyrocacbon khi, se xy ra s t nong cc b hn hp khi va ct mch cac phn t ca no thanh cac gc t do, tai hp cac gc t do nay dn ti hinh thanh axetylen va cac ng ng ca no, mui cacbon, hyro va cac hyrocacbon cao hn.

iu kin phn ng:

Cng sut 8200 kW. in ap to h quang la 7000 V. Cng dong in la 1150A. Nhit trung binh ca dong kh la 16000C.

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L h quang in ca Huls

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QU TRNH OXY HA KHNG HON TON

6000C

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1500 8000C

L phn ng oxy ha khng hon ton ca BASF

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600-7000C 2

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S cng ngh sn xut axetylen vi qu trnh ti bng nc

1. Thit b gia nhit. 2. Thit b phn ng. 3. Thp lm lnh. 4. Thit b lc in. 5. Thit b thu hi mui. 6. Thit b lm lnh.

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S cng ngh sn xut axetylen vi qu trnh ti bng du

1. Thit b un nng. 2. Thit b phn ng. 3. Thp trao i nhit. 5. Thit b cc ha. 6. Lng gn. 7. Thit b lm lnh cui.

PHNG PHP TCH AXETYLEN

Axetylen 98,4%

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110-1200C

10 at

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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!!