ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

Made by :VIBHA MISHRA B.Sc.3rd year

E-COMMERCE
The term electronic commerce is made up of two words :electronic and commerce. So simple meaning of electronic commerce is whatever commerce transferred electronically is part of electronic commerce. In other words e-commerce is a modern business methodology that addresses the needs of organizations , merchants and consumers to cut cost while improving the quality of goods and services and also increasing the speed of the services.

CATEGORIES OF ECOMMERCE
There are

three categories of e-commerce :-

1) ELECTRONIC MARKET:An electronic market is the use of information and communication to present a range of offering available in a market segment so that the purchaser compare the prices of the offering and make a purchase decision. The usual example of emarket is an air line booking system.

2) ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE (EDI):EDI provides a standardized system for coding trade transactions so that they can be communicated directly from one computer system to another without the needs for printed order. 3) INTERNET COMMMERCE:Information and communications technologies can also be used to advertise and makes once of sales of a wide range of goods.

WORKING OF E-COMMERCE
The e-commerce works as follows:1) The consumers logs into the internet using a web browser to connect the companys website. 2) Firewalls protects companys computer from unauthorized user who tries to access through the site. 3) Consumer browses the products available on the site and selects items to purchase and place the items in the electronic equivalent of shopping card. 4) After that consumer provides a bill to and shipping addresses for purchase and delivery. 5) Web server handles the customer request , calculates the cost of order , takes care of taxes and displays the detail of customer . 6) Consumer provide the payment information , such as credit card no. places the order. 7) After validing the credit card no. by the company , consumer receives the detail from the company about products and order confirmation.

LATEST TREND OF ECOMMERCE AS M- COMMERCE

M-Commerce is a subset of ecommerce that deals with electronic transactions using mobile communication equipment . It refers to electronic transactions and business such as financial services or shopping , the only difference with e-commerce being that the medium is wireless rather then wire line .

TECHNOLOGY USED IN MCOMMERCE

The technology used in m-commerce are as follow :GSM(Globle system for mobile communication). HSCD(High speed circuit switched data). GPRS(General packet radio service). EDGE(Enhanced data rate for global evolution). UMTS(Universal mobile telecommunication system). 3G(Third generation) WAP SIM CARDS MICRO BROWSER HANDSET LOCATING TECHNOLOGIES BLUETOOTH SECURITY TECHNOLOGY VIRTUAL CREDIT CARDS CODE DIVISON MULTIPLE ACCESS,(CDMA)

ELECRONIC PAYMENTS
E-Case is a purely software based anonymous , untraceable, on-line token payment system, availed on UNIX, windows, as well as Macintosh platforms, e-case allows for directional payments.

E-CARD
There are many e-card which are as follow: Master card Visa card Smart card Cash card Travel card Debit card Credit card

E-BANKING
Traditionally banking is turn by laser method but today banking is done with the help of computer and e-commerce played important role to make banking convenient and easy . TWO MAIN BRANCH OF E- BANKING ARE: ON LINE BANKING HOME BANKING

Security in E-Commerce
In the e-commerce environment the transaction take place over the network .During various phases of an etransaction the information such as product specification ,order details ,payment and delivery information travels over the internet .The intruding activities can be broadly classified in two categories-passive and active intrusion. In passive intrusion , transmission on the network are eavesdropped on a monitored. Active attackers are involved mutation of data generation of counterfeit messages. Confidentiality is the protection of transmitted data, from passive attackers and Authorization is the protection of transmitted data ,from active attackers.

BENEFITS OF E-COMMERCE
The potential benefits or impacts of e-commerce on economic structure like manufacture , organization , dealers and consumers of e-commerce are as follows:-

BENEFITS TO ORGANIZATION
E-Commerce expands the market place to national and international

market Ability for creating highly specialize business

BENEFITS TO CONSUMERS
E-Commerce makes its possible to participate to virtual auctions . E-Commerce facilitates competition which result in substantial

discounts .

BENEFITS TO SOCIETY
E-Commerce facilities delivery public services . E-Commerce enables people in third one countries and ruler areas to

enjoy protects and services.

DISADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE
The limitation of e-commerce can be group into technical & non-technical categories .:-

TECHNICAL LIMITATIONS
There is lack of system security, reliability, standards and

some communication protocol. There is insufficient telecommunication bandwidth.

NON-TECHNICAL LIMITATIONS
The cost of developing e-commerce in house can be very

high & mistakes due to lack of experience may result in delays. There is a lack of trust & user resistance.

CONCLUSION
At last e-commerce , in short is a mechanism that utilizes the power of electronics and communication media such as internet to bring together geographically dispersed buyers & sellers on a virtual common trading platform to support the human corporate.