The Way Towards Green & Clean City

Singapore Experience

Hitomi Ueno
uenohitomi@aol.com

Singapore is Fine city

OR

Singapore is Fine city

What a fine city Singapore is

Littering:

First-time offenders fine of up to S$1000 Repeat offenders fine of up to S$2000 + Corrective Work Order(CWO) Recalcitrant on serious littering offenders are sometimes reported in the media to give a significant impact on public

Crackdown on littering
1992 1993 1994 1995 Total
Public place
From car on the road

1996 7790
305

1997 5307
488

4582 4555 4201 5707

260 310 248 188

22

39

30

21

43

129

No. of CWO & Total of Fine

1993 Fine (S$) CWO
Repeat

1994
484,410

1995
384,780

1996

1997

529,320

1,095,350 1,032,550

262 0

257 0

284 0

349 9

160 11

CWO

Is everything Fine with Regulation?

Crackdown is effective? No. of violations is not decreasing. Is Singaporean wealthy enough to pay such amount of fine? Can Increasing penalty be long-range solution?

Another action taken

Education:

Keep Singapore Clean Campaign launched in 1968.

Infrastructure

Daily public cleansing was introduced in 1968.

The Ministry of the Environment came into being in 1972.

Administration

Keep Singapore Clean Campaign

First step to improve environmental standard Goal is the cleanest and healthiest city in the Neighboring Countries Stimulate and educate people to keep Singapore clean

Campaign for Environmental Health ~1980s

1968 Keep Singapore Clean

1969
1970 1971 1973 1974 1975 1976 1980 1981

Keep Singapore Clean and Mosquito-Free

Keep Singapore Clean and Pollution-Free Keep Singapore Pollution Free Keep Our Water Clean Clean Food for Health Better Food for Better Health Combat Infectious Disease Disposal of Refuse in Plastic Bag Food Hygiene Anti-0-Mosquito Breeding

1982
1983 1984 1988

Public Toilet Cleanliness

Food Centres & Markets Cleanliness Anti-spitting Clean Public Toilets

1988

Singapore is Our Home Lets Clean & Beautiful

Clean and Green Week since 1990

Ministry realized that awareness alone was not enough; people had to act. Encouraging greater community participation in caring for the environment. Green Leaf Award for outstanding contributions to the environment.

Clean & Green Week

Green for Life Nature & Resource Conservation Commitment & Responsibility Awareness & Acton A Better Living Environment Clean and Green for Better Life A Gracious Society Cares for the Environment & Its Neighborhood

Environmental Infrastructure
Daily refuse collection (1968 June~) Four incineration plants One landfill
No-Sweeping Day (1988: followed by the anti-littering campaign)
Public cleansing was stopped. The litter that accumulated on the streets showed Singaporeans that littering was still a problem and made them realize how reliant they were on cleaners to keep public place clean.

Refuse Disposal Figure

REFUSE DISPOSED OF AT AUTHORISED DISPOSAL SITE Year 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Landfilled 882.8 1,051.3 958.1 756.2 357.0 251.3 204.3 Incineration 1,872.8 1,745.0 1,884.1 2,036.3 2,440.2 2,550.9 2,421.3 1996-2005 (thousand tons) Total 2,755.6 2,796.3 2,842.2 2,792.5 2,797.2 2,802.2 2,625.0

2003
2004 2005

193.8
219.6 270.1

2,311.2
2,263.0 2,278.6

2,505.0
2,482.6 2,548.7

National Environment agency 2006

Administration
Ministry of the Environment came into being in 1972. The Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources(MEWR) in 2004. Statutory Board

National Environmental Agency(NEA) Public Utilities Board(PUB)

Changes in the Landscape (Clarke Quay 1980s 2001)

2001

1980s

Changes in the Landscape (Robertson Quay 1974 - 2001)

2001

1974

Conclusion
Penalty is to impact on public Daily public cleansing is very effective Education raises peoples awareness of the environment
Daily cleansing
Penalty

Education

Singapore Green Plan 2012 (2006 edition)

Beyond Clean and Green Towards Environmental Sustainability
"We hope that through this review, all of us will become more aware of the environmental challenges that we face as a nation, and be more proactive to do our part so that together, we can meet these challenges and ensure that we have a sustainable environment for our future generations." - Dr Yaacob Ibrahim, Minister for the Environment and Water Resources http://www.mewr.gov.sg/sgp2012/index.html

Reference
Singapore My Clean & Green Home.
Singapore: Ministry of the Environment, 1997

The Singapore Green Plan Towards A Model Green City

Singapore: Ministry of the Environment, 1992

Website

Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources National Environment Agency Place Meaning of The Singapore River Singapore Tourism Board

Thank you for your attention!