Basic theory of

CDMA capacity
Outline
Basic theory of calculating
reverse capacity
Basic theory of calculating
forward capacity
Net model (19cell)
Theoretical equation of
calculating reverse capacity
S
f v I E
G M
f b
c
p

(
(

+
+ =
q
) 1 ( /
1
0
Voice Activity factor
f
v
4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1
p r p r p r p r v
f
+ + + =
Theoretical equation of
calculating reverse capacity
S
f v I E
G M
f b
c
p

(
(

+
+ =
q
) 1 ( /
1
0
Interference factor
u
S
S
k
I I
f
0
0
+
=
Table Standard
Deviation
Nc=1 Nc=2 Nc=3 Nc=4
0 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44
2 0.48 0.43 0.43 0.43
4 0.67 0.47 0.45 0.45
6 1.13 0.56 0.49 0.49
8 2.38 0.77 0.57 0.55
10 6.17 1.28 0.75 0.66
12 19.8 2.62 1.17 0.91
Theoretical equation of
calculating reverse capacity
S
f v I E
G M
f b
c
p

(
(

+
+ =
q
) 1 ( /
1
0
Loading factor

Reverse real capacity vs. reverse pole capacity

Theoretical equation of
calculating reverse capacity
S
f v I E
G M
f b
c
p

(
(

+
+ =
q
) 1 ( /
1
0
sectorization factor
s
Sectorization factor is one parameter
induced by influence of interference
between sectors on capacity.
Theoretical equation of
calculating reverse capacity
S
f v I E
G M
f b
c
p

(
(

+
+ =
q
) 1 ( /
1
0
Demodulation
needing
o b
I E /
Theoretical equation of
calculating reverse capacity
S
f v I E
G M
f b
c
p

(
(

+
+ =
q
) 1 ( /
1
0
An example
processing gain 128 loading factor 0.7
S/N 7 sectorization factor 2.55
Voice Activity factor 0.4 non-accurate power control 0.8
interference from other cells 0.55 capacity 20
Outline
Basic theory of calculating
reverse capacity
Basic theory of calculating
forward capacity
Theoretical equation of calculating
forward capacity
(

A > =

=
M
i
i r out
f f P P
1
'
| |
SP r out
BER BER P P ) ( > =
f
S I E
G
f
M
i
i
n
t b
t P
M
i
i
A =
)
`

u
s

= = 1
1
2
1
) ( /
o
( )
( )

=
+
u >
|
|
.
|

\
|
m j
S Q
j
w O m j
m m w
t
m
t
b
B N S
S
R
B
I
E
) (
1
1
) (
e
m
Q
i
j
m
S
S
f

+

=
1
2
1

=
s
M
i
i
1
1 e
(
(
(
(

+
u
s

=
m
n
m
Q
i
j
p t
m t b
m
S s
S
G
I E
) ( ) (
) (
1
) / (
1
2
1
2
o
e
Derivation process
Theoretical calculating result of the forward
capacity
Type of handoff Area in Handoff(%) co
Soft 25 0.25
Softer 20 0.20
Soft-soft 10 0.20
Soft-softer 10 0.20
Totalco =0.85
Channel Overhead Facor for Various Types of Soft Handdffs
Soft handoff payload
Forward capacity supported by
each sector: 38
Equivalent occupied channel
number1.85
Forward link capacity20
Example
Some discussion about the capacity
Is the system capacity limited to forward or reverse link?
How to consider the capacity of mixed traffic system?
Senior subscriber action (to solve data Erl)

Information
on demand WWW/WAP E-MAIL FTP VOD/AOD E-COMMERCE OTHER
1 average monthly use times n1 60 60 60 60 5 20 15
2 busy day concentrated coefficient M1 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
3 average daily use times n2=n1*M1 3 3 3 3 0.25 1 0.75
4 busy concentrated coefficient M2 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10% 10%
5 busy use times n3=n2*M2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.025 0.1 0.075
6 average time for each use T1(s) 120 300 15 30 300 120 60
7 duty cycle M3 0.1 0.1 0.75 0.8 0.8 0.1 0.1
8 average real time for each use T2(s)=T1*M3 12 30 11.25 24 240 12 6
9 average data traffic rate R 26210 26210 26210 26210 26210 26210 26210
10
data throughput of busy data subscriber
S(bps)=R*T2*n3/3600 26.21 65.53 24.57 52.42 43.68 8.74 3.28


data throughput of busy data subscriber(add
up all traffics) (bps) 224.42 250

Traffic(mErl) 10.00 25.00 1.25 2.50 2.08 3.33 1.25


From upper table, we can calculate busy use times and traffic, and then calculate use time by the traffic
equation.
busy use times 1.4
Traffic(mErl) 45.42
average time for each use(s) 117

Some discussion about the capacity
Is the system capacity limited to forward or reverse link?
How to consider the capacity of mixed traffic system?

low-grade subscriber action (to solve data Erl)

Information
on demand WWW/WAP E-MAIL FTP VOD/AOD E-COMMERCE OTHER
1 average monthly use times n1 30 30 20 30 0 10 10
2 busy day concentrated coefficient M1 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5%
3 average daily use times n2=n1*M1 1.5 1.5 1 1.5 0 0.5 0.5
4 busy concentrated coefficient M2 10% 12% 10% 10% 10% 10%
5 busy use times n3=n2*M2 0.15 0.18 0.1 0.15 0 0.05 0.05
6 average time for each use T1(s) 120 300 15 30 0 120 60
7 duty cycle M3 0.1 0.1 0.75 0.8 0 0.1 0.1
8 average real time for each use T2(s)=T1*M3 12 30 11.25 24 0 12 6
9 average data traffic rate R 9600 9600 9600 9600 9600 9600
10
data throughput of busy data subscriber
S(bps)=R*T2*n3/3600 4.80 14.40 3.00 9.60 1.60 0.80


data throughput of busy data subscriber(add
up all traffics) (bps) 34.20 35

Traffic(mErl) 5.00 15.00 0.42 1.25 0.00 1.67 0.83

From upper table, we can calculate busy use times and traffic, and then calculate use time by the traffic equation.
busy use times 0.68
Traffic(mErl) 24.17
average time for each use(s) 128

Some discussion about the capacity
Is the system capacity limited to forward or reverse link?
How to consider the capacity of mixed traffic system?
f
N
E
R
W
n
N
E
R
W
mV
i
i req D
t
b
i D
i
req V
t
b
V
a
+
=
+
+
+

1
1
1
) (
1
) (
_ _
_
_
Capacity analysis and network
optimization
Limited capacity
Increasing
dropped call rate
Difficult access
Degressive
voice quality