Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GIT
Pathology
Esophagus
Intestines
Peritoneum
Stomach
Appendix
Intestines - Pathology
Appendix
Acute Appendicitis
Tumors
Appendix
Tumors of the appendix 1. Mucocele: Characterized by: Distension of the appendiceal lumen by mucinous secretion. Caused by: Non -Neoplastic - Mucosal hyperplasia Neoplastic (benign)- Mucinous cystadenoma Neoplastic (Malignant) - Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (fatal); may rupture peritoneal implants, produce pseudomyxoma peritonei. 2. Carcinoid: MC tumor of appendix Almost always benign & discovered accidentally on appendicectomy (curative). 3. Carcinoma: Adenocarcinomas, identical to their intestinal counterparts
Intestines - Pathology
Peritoneum
Inflammation
Tumors
Appendix
Peritonitis
Sterile Peritonitis: Caused by chemical irritation by bile, pancreatic juice, endometriosis (blood), ruptured ovarian cysts (dermoid) or introduction of chemical substances for diagnostic (laparoscopy, salpingo-graphy) or therapeutic procedures (peritoneal dialysis) Septic Peritonitis: Bacterial infection of the peritoneum from acute appendicitis, ruptured PU, acute cholecystitis, diverticulitis, bowel strangulation, acute salpingitis, or through evacuation of ascitic fluid or peritoneal dialysis. localized (loculated abscesses) & may heal by fibrous adhesions chronic obstruction Sclerosing Retroperitonitis: Idiopathic May be related to Anti migraine drugs (methysergide) or may be autoimmune. Characterized by = Excessive fibrous tissue proliferation (fibromatosis) compromising retroperitoneal structures (ureters hydronephrosis).
Case - 5
20-year-old woman presented to the emergency room with only a one day history of lower abdominal pain, nausea with anorexia, and fever. On physical examination, there was periumbilical pain. Under active observation over the next couple of hours, the pain migrated to the right lower quadrant, with rebound tenderness. Her vital signs showed T 38.5 C, P 90, R 18, and BP 110/70 mm Hg. Her WBC count was 11,500 with 76% polys, 6% bands, 14% lymphs, and 4% monos. A pregnancy test was negative. A stool sample was negative for occult blood. A urinalysis was normal. The radiographic finding on abdominal CT scan is seen. A laparoscopic procedure was performed and the gross appearance of the lesion is shown. The microscopic appearance is seen.
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