NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION

DEFINITION

Non Verbal Communication is the communication that uses nonlinguistic means to convey the message. The words we use convey objective information; non-verbal messages reveal our emotions and attitudes.

FORMS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Conscious Non-verbal Communication Deliberate, direct communication

Subliminal Non-verbal Communication

Police & Military Uniforms subliminally communicate authority. Well dressed executives project success and credibility.

Poor dress sense transmits message of failure

Advertisements associate youth and beauty with the product.

TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Kinesics - facial expression, posture, and gesture Oculesics eye contact Haptics the communication of touch Proxemics the communication of space and proximity Appearance the physical characteristics, the attire and the accessories Paralinguistics / Vocalics variations in pitch, speed, volume, and pauses that convey meaning Chronemics the effects of time on communication

KINESICS
FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

Neutral expression pleasure, mask, respect, thoughtful, and quiet attention. Relaxed expression love, pleasure, and submission. Tense expression fear, surprise, determination, contempt, and extreme interest. Uplifted expression happiness, anxiety, rage, love, astonishment, and attention. Droopy expression - distress, suffering, grief, dismay, and shock.

KINESICS
POSTURE

Head position Legs The angle of the body in relation to others Body relaxation and tension is a strong indicator Height

KINESICS
POSTURE

Slumped posture = low spirits Erect posture = high spirits, energy, and confidence Lean forward = open and interested Lean away = defensive or uninterested Crossed arms = defensive Uncrossed arms = willingness to listen
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KINESICS
GESTURES

Ambiguous or unambiguous

Unnatural gestures
Beneficial gestures

OCULESICS

Direct state candour and openness.

Downward glances modesty

Eyes rolled upward fatigue Blinking - tension

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HAPTICS

Following degrees of intimacy:

Functional / professional
Social / polite Friendship / warmth Love / intimacy

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PROXEMICS

Four categories of space:

Intimate distance for embracing or whispering

Personal distance for conversations among close friends Social distance for conversations among acquaintances, and Public distance used for public speaking

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PROXEMICS

Three basic principles of space in an organization

The higher your position:

The more and better space you will have The better protected your territory will be, and The easier it will be to invade the territory of lower-status personnel

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PROXEMICS

Distance Close (8 in. to 12 in.) Near (12 in. to 36 in.) Neutral (4.5 ft. to 5 ft.) Public distance (5.5 ft. to 8 ft.)

Relation Highly personal, seldom used in public Many dyadic social interactions occur Most social gatherings and business transactions Business and social discourse; more formal; desks in offices are placed to hold off visitors

Volume Audible whisper, very confidential Indoors, soft voice Outdoors, full voice Full voice with slight over loudness

Across the room (8 ft. to 20 ft.)

Far distance (20 ft. and more)

Used by teachers or speakers at public gatherings

Public speaking by public figures

Loud voice talking to a group

Hailing distances, public-address systems

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APPEARANCE

Grooming Professional looking clothing

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PARALANGUAGE / VOCALICS

Tone direct, commanding, gentle, pleasing, sharp, etc.

Inflection spread narrow

Pitch high-low Intensity loud-soft Articulation precise-imprecise Rhythm smooth-jerky
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CHRONEMICS

Punctuality

Amount of time spent with another

Waiting time

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TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Observe and understand the non-verbal signals being sent your way on a moment-to-moment basis. Use good eye contact Stop what you were doing when your listeners look glassy-eyed or bored

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TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Use the tone of your voice the way a musician uses an instrument.

Adopt the most appropriate posture that suits the occasion

Express gratitude to your audience when they are being attentive and responsive Soak in the pats / hugs that others give you

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TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE USE OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

When you are confronting someone who you are in a close relationship with, reach out to take his / her hand in both of yours. Understand the cultural nuances of the various forms of non-verbal communication When there is a contradiction between the verbal and non-verbal messages of a person you are listening to, try to assess the situation with the help of non-verbal cues.

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