January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Tutorial on Multi Access OFDM (OFDMA) Technology

IEEE P802.22 Wireless RANs
:Authors

Date: 2005-01-04 Phone email

eliso!er0runco#%co%il yossis0runco#%co%il

Name

Company

Address

"unco# Technologies 1ossi Segal "unco# Technologies

li So!er

2 $acho#a St%& '5(55 ,-'2 . -52/440 "ishon )e*ion& +srael 2& acho#a St% '5(55 ,-'2 . -52 /440 "ishon )e*ion& +srael

Noti e: This docu#ent has 2een 3re3ared to assist + /02%22% +t is o!!ered as a 2asis !or discussion and is not 2inding on the contri2uting indi4idual(s) or organi*ation(s)% The #aterial in this docu#ent is su25ect to change in !or# and content a!ter !urther study% The contri2utor(s) reser4e(s) the right to add& a#end or 6ithdra6 #aterial contained herein% Release: The contri2utor grants a !ree& irre4oca2le license to the + to incor3orate #aterial contained in this contri2ution& and any #odi!ications thereo!& in the creation o! an + Standards 3u2lication7 to co3yright in the + 8s na#e any + Standards 3u2lication e4en though it #ay include 3ortions o! this contri2ution7 and at the + 8s sole discretion to 3er#it others to re3roduce in 6hole or in 3art the resulting + Standards 3u2lication% The contri2utor also ac9no6ledges and acce3ts that this contri2ution #ay 2e #ade 3u2lic 2y + /02%22% Patent Poli y and Pro edures: The contri2utor is !a#iliar 6ith the + /02 :atent :olicy and :rocedures http:!!standards.ieee.or"!"uides!#yla$s!s#%#yla$s.pd& including the state#ent ;+ standards #ay include the 9no6n use o! 3atent(s)& including 3atent a33lications& 3ro4ided the + recei4es assurance !ro# the 3atent holder or a33licant 6ith res3ect to 3atents essential !or co#3liance 6ith 2oth #andatory and o3tional 3ortions o! the standard%; arly disclosure to the <or9ing =rou3 o! 3atent in!or#ation that #ight 2e rele4ant to the standard is essential to reduce the 3ossi2ility !or delays in the de4elo3#ent 3rocess and increase the li9elihood that the dra!t 3u2lication 6ill 2e a33ro4ed !or 3u2lication% :lease noti!y the >hair Carl R. 'te(enson as early as 3ossi2le& in 6ritten or electronic !or#& i! 3atented technology (or technology under 3atent a33lication) #ight 2e incor3orated into a dra!t standard 2eing de4elo3ed 6ithin the + /02%22 <or9ing =rou3% I& you ha(e )uestions* onta t the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at pat om+iee.or". ,

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

1 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

A2stract
The contri2ution 3resents a tutorial on Multi Access OFDM (OFDMA) technology 6hich has 2een endorsed in leading standards such as- TS+ D?@-">T and + /02%1(a&d and 1(e% ssential 3ara#eters o! A3)in9 and Do6n)in9 and si#ulation results are 3resented% Syste# ca3a2ilities and ad4antages are also discussed% The tutorial could o!!er an insight and understanding o! OFDMA technology to 2e considered as a candidate !or <"AB syste#

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

2 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

.utorial on /ulti A ess 01D/ 201D/A3 .e hnolo"y

Eli 'o&er Run om .e hnolo"ies 4td

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

. Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Contents
C C C C OFDMA Syste# Architecture +llustrated Da#3le OFDMA Syste# :ro3erties >o4erage and >a3acity

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

4 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

01D/A 'ystem Ar hite ture

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

5 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

C Du3leDing TechniEue
FDDFTDD

C Multi3le Access Method

TDMAFOFDMA
OFDM Sy#2ols allocated 2y TDMA Su2->arriers 6ithin an OFDM Sy#2ol allocated 2y OFDMA

C Di4ersity
FreEuency& Ti#e& >ode (>: and @S)& S3ace Ti#e >oding& Antenna Array
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 7

( Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Duplexing - Principles
1DD (FreEuency Di4ision Du3leDing ) Ases One FreEuency !or the Do6n)in9& and a Second FreEuency !or the A3)in9% .DD (ti#e Di4ision Du3leDing) Ases the sa#e !reEuency !or the Do6nlin9 and the A3lin9% +n any con!iguration the access #ethod is OFDMAFTDMA %
Do&n#in$ !"#in$

FDD
F% - Frequency ban F2 - Frequency ban

Do&n#in$

!"#in$

'DD
F% - Frequency ban F% - Frequency ban

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

' Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

OFDMA-TDMA Principles
Asing OFDMAFTDMA& Su2 >hannels are allocated in the FreEuency Do#ain& and OFDM Sy#2ols allocated %in the Ti#e Do#ain
,

'D()

'D()*+FD()

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

/ Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

DownLink OFDMA Symbol

Symbol 0ilo,s

Sub-12annel Da,a 1arriers

'o,al Frequency .an

/uar .an /uar .an

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

- Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

DownLink Specification
C @urst Structure is de!ined !ro# one Su2-channel in the FreEuency do#ain and n OFDMA ti#e sy#2ols in the ti#e do#ain& each 2urst consists o! B data #odulated carriers% C Ada3ti4e Modulation and >oding 3er Su2->hannel in the Do6n-)in9 C For6ard A:> controlling (,(d@) G (-(d@) digital gain on the trans#itted Su2->hannel C Su33orting o3tional S3ace Ti#e >oding e#3loying Ala#outi ST>% C Su33orting o3tional Ada3ti4e Array%
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 10

10 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample- DownLink Specification

C FFT si*e H 204/ C =uard +nter4als H I& 1F/& 1F1(& 1F.2 C >oding MandatoryH concatenated "S =F(25() and >on4olutional coding (9J'&=1J1'1&=2J1..& 9ee3ing o4erall coding rate to J K& L C >oding O3tionalH >on4olutional Tur2o >ode (>T>)& Tur2o :roduct >ode (T:>) 6ith coding rates close to J K& L C M:SN& 1(MAM& (4MAM #odulation C Modulo 4& :ilot 2ased Sy#2ol Structure% C .2 Su2->hannels o! 4/ data carriers each
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 11

11 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Downlink Pilot an! Data "arriers Allocation Sc#eme

carrier indeD sy#2ol indeD n

)J0 0 12 24 N used -1

n,1

)J2 0 ( 1/ .0 N used -1

n,2

)J1 0 . 15 2' N used -1

n,.

)J. 0 21 N used -1

n,4 ti#e

)J0 0 12 ?aria2le )ocation :ilot 24 FiDed-location :ilot N used -1 Data

Allocation NeyH

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

12

12 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Space Time "o!ing

+FFT Su2carrier #odulation +FFT in3ut 3ac9ing TD di4ersity encoder +FFT Filter DA> "F Filter DA> "F TD

"D )og)i9elihood ratios

"F

DA>

Filter

FFT

Di4ersity >o#2iner

Su2channel de#od%

Decoder

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

1-

1. Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

$pLink OFDMA Symbol

0ilo,s 1arriers Sub-12annel 3% Da,a 1arriers Sub-12annel 3% 0ilo,s 1arriers Sub-12annel 3% Da,a 1arriers Sub-12annel 34

'o,al Frequency .an

/uar .an /uar .an

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

15

14 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample of $pLink Specification

C @urst Structure is de!ined !ro# one Su2-channel in the FreEuency do#ain and . OFDMA ti#e sy#2ols in the ti#e do#ain& each 2urst consists o! 144 data #odulated carriers% C Ada3ti4e Modulation and >oding 3er Aser in the A3)in9 C Aser >an 2e allocated 1 u3 to .2 Su2->hannels C 2 Su2->hannels are used as the "anging Su2->hannels !or Aser "anging and !ast @and-<idth "eEuest%
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

16

15 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample of $pLink Specification

C FFT si*e H 204/ C =uard +nter4als H I& 1F/& 1F1(& 1F.2 C >oding MandatoryH concatenated "S =F(25() and >on4olutional coding (9J'&=1J1'1&=2J1..& 9ee3ing o4erall coding rate to J K& L C >oding O3tionalH >on4olutional Tur2o >ode (>T>)& Tur2o :roduct >ode (T:>) 6ith coding rates close to J K& L C M:SN& 1(MAM& (4MAM #odulation C Modulo 1.& :ilot 2ased Su2->hannel Structure% C .2 Su2->hannels o! 5. carriers each& 5 carriers used as 3ilots& 4/ carriers used !or data
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 17

1( Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample for $pLink Sub-"#annel Pilot an! Data "arriers Allocation Sc#eme
!reEuency sy#2ol indeD n )J0 0 n,1 )J2 0 2 n,2 )J4 0 4 1' 2( .0 44 52 15 2( 2/ 42 52 1. 2( 2' 40 52

n,11

)J0 22 2( .( 4- 52

n,12

)J11 0 11 24 2( ./ 51 52

n,1. ti#e

)J0 0 1. 2( 2' 40 52

Allocation NeyH

?aria2le )ocation :ilot

FiDed-location :ilot

Data

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

18

1' Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

$sing Special Permutations for carrier allocation

C All usa2le carriers are di4ided into .2 carrier grou3s na#ed 2asic grou3& each #ain grou3 contains 5. 2asic grou3s%
bloc$ % 1 2 3 30 31 32

Frequency ban
1
eac2 5rou" con,ains 56 carriers

2 3

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

18

1/ Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

$sing Special Permutations for carrier allocation C >arriers are allocated 2y a 2asic series and it8s cyclic 3er#utations !or eDa#3leH C @asic SeriesH 0&5&2&10&4&20&/&1'&1(&11&-&22&1/&21&1.&1-&.&15&(&'&12&14&1 C A!ter t6o cyclic 3er#utations 6e getH 2&10&4&20&/&1'&1(&11&-&22&1/&21&1.&1-&.&15&(&'&12&14&1&0&5
!ser 3% !ser 32

%0

2%

22

'o,al Frequency ban

/uar .an
!ser % 7 0,5,2,%0,8,20,8,%9,%:,%%,;, !ser 2 7 2,%0,8,20,8,%9,%:,%%,;,22,%8, 22 ,%8,2%,%6,%;,6,%5,:,9,%2,%8,% 2% ,%6,%;,6,%5,:,9,%2,%8,%,0,5

/uar .an

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

19

1- Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

$sing Special Permutations for carrier allocation

C The >arriers o! each Su2->hannel are s3read all o4er the usa2le !reEuency !or 2est !reEuency di4ersity C The allocation 2y 3er#utation gi4es an eDcellent "euse !actor - al#ost 1% C The allocation 2y 3er#utation gi4e an eDcellent inter!erence s3reading and a4eraging%

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

20

20 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

$sing "DMA like mo!ulation for %anging

C The >DMA li9e synchroni*ation is achie4ed 2y allocating se4eral o! the usa2le Su2->hannels !or the "anging 3rocess& the logic unit they consist is called a "anging Su2->hannel% C Onto the "anging Su2->hannel users #odulate a :seudo Boise (:B) seEuence using @:SN #odulation C The @ase Station detects the di!!erent seEuences and uses the >+" that he deri4es !ro# the seEuences !orH G Ti#e and 3o6er synchroni*ation G Decide on the user #odulation and coding
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. Eli Sofer, Runcom

21

21 Slide

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

D&'-%"T MA" Performance

2.5 Sucessful .= reques,s "er slo, 2

%.5

0.5

8 5 : 1ollision e4"ec,a,ion <alue

%0

C Aloha 4s% >DMA @< reEuest (.2 codes)

G >DMA e!!iciency is 2etter 2y a !actor o! siD G >DMA latency is 2etter 2y a !actor o! !our
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 22

22 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Illustrated E:ample

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

2-

2. Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample
C C C C C Su2scri2er Anits at the >urrent OFDMA Sy#2ol J . Su2->hannels Allocated to Su2scri2er-Anit O1 J 12 Su2->hannels Allocated to Su2scri2er-Anit O2 J Su2->hannels Allocated to Su2scri2er-Anit O. J ( Bu#2er O! Be6 Su2scri2er-Anits "eEuesting Ser4ices J . All 'u#s ri#er%;nits 'u&&er Di&&erent /ulti%Paths and di&&erent Attenuation<s

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

25

24 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample C >onstellation at the @ase Station

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

26

25 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample C Asers Se3aration

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

27

2( Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

xample - %esults C Aser sti#ation

Constellation to E stiam te 2 2 E stim ated vec

1.5

1.5

0.5

0.5

-0.5

-0.5

-1

-1

-1.5

-1.5

-2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

-2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

28

2' Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

%esults C Aser sti#ation

Constellation to Estiamte 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

Estimated vec 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

28

2/ Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

%esults C Aser sti#ation

Constellation to Estiamte 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -0.5 -1 -1.5 -2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Estimated vec

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

29

2- Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

%esults
C Finding Be6 Su2scri2er-Anits "eEuesting Ser4ices& Asing the "anging :ilots (>DMAFOFDM TechniEues)
Despreading on All Users 300

250

200

150

100

50

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

-0

.0 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

OFDMA Syste# :ro3erties

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

-1

.1 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

(nterference %e)ection*A+oi!ance
C Barro62and +nter!erence "e5ection G asy to A4oidF"e5ect Barro62and Do#inant +nter!erence % G )ess +nter!ered :art o! the >arrier >an Still @e Ased %
!ser Sub1arriers )lloca,ion In,erference

Sub1arriers

In,erference

-ulle Sub1arriers Sub1arriers

'o,al Frequency ban

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. -2

.2 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

PAP% %e!uction

C Asing sha3ing on the signal 3ea9s C )i#iting the :A:" to a constant 4alue 2y 4ector reduction

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

--

.. Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Spectrum Properties C "ectangular S3ectru# Sha3e (@ric9 <all) C S#all FreEuency =uard 2and
.

+FD( Sin5le 1arrier Sc2eme

-80

8 (>?

Frequency @(>?A

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

-5

.4 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Spectrum Properties

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

-6

.5 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

,roup Delay +n OFDM& channel i#3air#ent are sol4ed in the sa#e 6ay =rou3 Delays are sol4ed& 2y >hannel esti#ation

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

-7

.( Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

P#ase -oise ffects

:hase Boise !!ect on OFDM

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

:hase Boise !!ect on S%>

Eli Sofer, Runcom

-8

.' Slide

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

C Ti#ing Sensiti4ity
)o6 ti#ing sensiti4ity is needed& and si#3le 3hase and channel %esti#ators sol4e ti#ing 3ro2le#s

C FreEuency Sensiti4ity
sol4ed 2y loc9ing onto the @ase-Station trans#ission and deri4ing %the Su2scri2er Anit8s cloc9s !ro# it

Euali*ation

Bo Euali*ers are needed& channel i#3air#ent and ti#ing 3ro2le#s are 2oth sol4ed 6ith si#3le 3hase and channel esti#ators
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. -8

./ Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

Syste# >o4erage and >a3acity

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

-9

.- Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

$sing %euse Factor of .

@y allocating di!!erent Su2->hannels to di!!erent sectors 6e can reach reuse !actor o! 1 6ith u3 to 12 sectors )(changing the 3olarity enhances the 3er!or#ance

>ori?on,al Sub-2annel s Se, 2 F% Ber,ical Sub-2annel s Se, % F%

>ori?on,al Sub-2annel s Se, % F% Ber,ical Sub-2annel s Se, 2 F%

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

50

40 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

"apacity
Ase #odulations 6ith 4arious @itF$* ca3a2ilities as Ada3ti4e B-MAM% Ase Ada3ti4e F > (>on4olutional P "eed-Solo#on or Tur2o code) MaDi#al !reEuency reuse 2et6een cellsFsectors (close to 1)% MaDi#u# sectors allocation% The use o! statistical Multi3leDing and concentration% Ada3ti4e >arrier Allocations% Ada3ti4e :o6er >ontrol
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 51

41 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

+FD( 1ells @:8 mo eA

"o+erage

+FD() 1ell @2$ mo eA

:8C)( users %:C)( users C0SD users

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 52

42 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

"o+erage - Simulations

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

5-

4. Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

"o+erage - Simulations

Multi Sector >o4erage& . Sectors& . FreEuencies& achie4es 2%/@itsFsF$*F>ell& 22%5M23sFSector

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 55

44 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

"o+erage - Simulations

Multi Sector >o4erage& ( Sectors& ( FreEuencies& achie4es 2%/@itsFsF$*F>ell& 22%5M23sFSector

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. 56

45 Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

#OFDMA Advantages- Summa ! "1

C A4eraging inter!erenceQs !ro# neigh2oring cells& 2y using di!!erent 2asic carrier 3er#utations 2et6een users in di!!erent cells% C +nter!erence8s 6ithin the cell are a4eraged 2y using allocation 6ith cyclic 3er#utations% C na2les orthogonality in the u3lin9 2y synchroni*ing users in ti#e and !reEuency% C na2les Multi3ath #itigation 6ithout using Euali*ers and training seEuences% C na2les Single FreEuency Bet6or9 co4erage& 6here co4erage 3ro2le# eDists and gi4es eDcellent co4erage%

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

57

4( Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

#OFDMA Advantages - Summa ! "2

C C C C C na2les s3atial di4ersity 2y using antenna di4ersity at the @ase Station and 3ossi2le at the Su2scri2er Anit% na2les ada3ti4e #odulation !or e4ery user M:SN& 1(MAM& (4MAM and 25(MAM% na2les ada3ti4e carrier allocation in #ulti3lication o! 2. carriers J nR2. carriers u3 to 15/' carriers (all data carriers)% O!!ers FreEuency di4ersity 2y s3reading the carriers all o4er the used s3ectru#% O!!ers Ti#e di4ersity 2y o3tional interlea4ing o! carrier grou3s in ti#e%

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

58

4' Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

#OFDMA Advantages - Summa ! "3

C Asing the cell ca3acity to the ut#ost 2y ada3ti4ely using the highest #odulation a user can use& this is allo6ed 2y the gain added 6hen less carriers are allocated (u3 to 1/d@ gain !or 2. carrier allocation instead o! 15/' carriers)& there!ore gaining in o4erall cell ca3acity% C The 3o6er gain can 2e translated to distance - . ti#es the distance !or "4 and / ti#e !or "2 !or )OS conditions% C na2ling the usage o! +ndoor O#ni Directional antennas !or the users% C MA> co#3leDity is the sa#e as !or TDMA syste#s%
Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd. Eli Sofer, Runcom

58

4/ Slide

January 2005

Doc.: IEEE802.22-05-0005r0

#OFDMA Advantages - Summa ! "$

C Allocating carrier 2y OFDMAFTDMA strategy% C Mini#al delay 3er OFDMA sy#2ol o! .00sec% C Asing S#all 2urst 3er user o! a2out 100 sy#2ols !or 2etter statistical #ulti3leDing and s#aller 5itter% C Aser sy#2ol is se4eral ti#es longer then !or TDMA syste#s% C Asing the F > to the out#ost 2y error detection o! distur2ed !reEuencies%

Submission Runcom Technologies Ltd.

59

4- Slide

Eli Sofer, Runcom