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When we add an s (or es) to a word, the number of syllables in the word sometimes stays the same. day-days But sometimes we add an extra syllable to the pronunciation match matches
The rule is that we add an extra syllable if the last sound in the word is one of these: [s, z, , , t, d] If the last sound is a vowel, or any other consonant, the number of syllables stays the same. NB! We dont contract is or has after [s, z, , , t, d] The foods good. The service is good. The games started. The match has started.
/S/ PRONUNCIATION
When the word to which we add -(e)s/s ends in one of the following voiceless consonants sounds, [p, t, k, f, ], they are pronounced [-s]. E.g. stop - stops [stps] paint - paints [pents] cake - cakes [keks] laugh - laughs [lfs] myth - myths [ms] Beth Beths [bes] Pete Petes [pi:ts] Philip Philips [ 'flps]
[-Z ] PRONUNCIATION
When the word to which we are adding -(e)s/s ends in one of the voiced consonants sounds, [b, d, g, v, , m, n, , l, r] or any of the vowel sounds, they are pronounced [-z ]. Examples: bed - beds [bedz] dog - dogs [ dgz ] save - saves [seivz] bathe - bathes [bez] feel - feels [[filz] sing - sings [sz]
[-IZ] PRONUNCIATION
When the word to which we add -(e)s/s ends in one of the following sounds, [s, z, , , t, d] (sibilant sounds), they are pronounced [-iz]. Examples: house - houses ['hazz] rose roses/ Roses ['rozz] wash - washes [wiz] watch - watches [wtiz] Orange [rnd]
THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE AND PAST PARTICIPLE OF ALL REGULAR VERBS END IN -ED.
To make the past tense of a regular verb, you add the ending ed Look-looked; explain explained Or just d if there is already a letter e at the end of the infinitve Live-lived
In 3 ways / Id/ / t/ / d/
If the base verb ends in one of thesesounds: unvoiced voiced unvoiced /t/ /d/ /p/ /f/ /s/ /S/ /tS/ /k/ voiced all other sounds, for example...
example base verb*: want end hope laugh fax wash watch like play allow
example with -ed: wanted ended hoped laughed faxed washed watched liked played allowed
/ t/
no
/ d/
beg
begged
/T/ AFTER VOICELESS CONSONATS /D/ AFTER VOICED CONSONANTS AND VOWELS
EXCEPTIONS!!!
The following -ed words used as adjectives are pronounced with /Id/: aged, blessed, crooked, dogged, learned, naked, ragged, wicked, wretched So we say: an aged man /Id/ a blessed nuisance /Id/ a dogged persistence /Id/ a learned professor - the professor, who was truly learned /Id/ a wretched beggar - the beggar was wretched /Id/
BUT
But when used as real verbs (past simple and past participle), the normal rules apply and we say: he aged quickly /d/ he blessed me /t/ they dogged him /d/ he has learned well /d/ or /t/