B GIAO THNG VN TI

Hc vin Hng Khng Vit Nam

Khoa in T Vin Thng
************
BO CO MN HC
TI :
K THUT CHUYN MCH

LP: VC4
NHM 2:
V NGUYN BNH
NGUYN MINH KHI
V NHT KHANG
V NG HI NG

1
4.1 Tng quan tng i SPC
- Tng i in t SPC (Store Program Controller) l tng i iu khin
theo chng trnh ghi sn trong b nh chng trnh iu khin lu tr.
- Phn d liu ca tng i nh: s liu thu bao, bng phin dch, x l a
ch thu bao, thng tin nh tuyn, tnh cc c ghi sn trong b nh.
- Tng i SPC vn hnh rt linh hot, d b sung v sa cha.
- Cng vic o th trng thi lm vic ca cc thit b bn trong cng nh cc
tham s ng dy thu bao v trung k c tin hnh t ng v thng
k.
- Thit b chuyn mch ca tng i SPC lm vic theo phng thc tip
thng tng phn.
- Tng i in t s x l n gin vi cc s c v chng c cu trc theo
cc phin mch in lin kt kiu cm. Khi mt phin mch in c li th n
c t ng pht hin nh chng trnh bo dng v chun on.
4.2 u im ca tng i SPC:
Tnh linh hot:
Tnh linh hot c cc kha cnh v tc dng lu di v ngn hn:
Tc dng di hn: l kh nng mt tng i c th nng cp m khng
phi b cc dch v sn c. Mt vi tng cng c th t c ch
n gin l ci t thm mt phn mm mi.
Tc dng ngn hn: l kh nng thay i trng thi thit b ca tng
i ch cn thao tc n gin l thay i d liu.
Cc tin ch thu bao:
Cc tng i SPC cho php hng lot cc tin ch thu bao c cung
cp r hn v d hn trong cc tng i khc.
Tin ch qun tr:
Tng i SPC cung cp mt di rng ln cc tin ch qun l l iu
khin cc tin ch thu bao, thay i nh tuyn, thay di cc s thu bao
v m trung k, xut cc thng tin thng k qun l tng i. l
nhng cng vic m trc kia l t tin hoc mt nhiu cng sc.
4.2 u im ca tng i SPC:
1. u im thm vo ca k thut s:
a) Tc thit lp cuc gi: Vi tc thng l 250s do chuyn mch
s hon ton bao cc cng bn dn v IC, gy trnh c hin tng tc
nghn mch do gim c thi gian h khi quay s.
b) D tit kim khng gian: cc h thng chuyn mch s nh hn nhiu
(50%) so vi h thng tng i analog SPC.
c) D dng bo tr.
d) Cht lng cuc ni:
- Ton b tht thot truyn dn ca mt cuc ni xuyn qua mng l c
lp vi s lng cc chuyn mch v lin kt truyn dn.
- V ting n khng tc ng ln h thng truyn dn s nn cc thu bao
nhn thy cc mc n t hn nhiu so vi cc kt ni qua mng analog.
- Cc tng i ni ht s c cc card giao tip ng dy c kt ni mt
cch c nh n cc ng dy ni b 2 dy dn n bt n nh t hn
vi mng analog chuyn mch 2 dy.
e) Gi c v thi gian lp t: Nhn chung cc h thng ca tng i SPC
c thi gian lp t nhanh v gi c t hn so vi tng i analog.

4.2 u im ca tng i SPC:
2. Tnh nng u vit ca tng i SPC v tng i khc:
Tng i iu khin logic cng Tng i s SPC
Phn tch, nh tuyn v bin dch thc hin
bng logic cng rt kh khn, tc chm.
Phn tch, nh tuyn bin dch thc hin bng
phn mm rt linh hot, d dng v tin ch.
Bt k s thay i no v tnh nng yu cu
ph thm v thay i HW do vy mm do,
linh hot km rt kh, thm ch khng th
thc hin.
Thay i bng lnh giao tip ngi v my
(MMC), thm ch mt vi tnh nng chnh thu
bao thc hin do vy h thng mm do, linh
hot.
Kim tra th cng rt tn km thi gian, nhn
lc v kt qu o khng c x l logic
Kim tra o th thc hin bng SW, t ng theo
lch trnh hay lnh MMC. Kt qu o c phn
tch, x l logic nu cn c th in thnh vn bn.
Cc tnh nng dch v cho khc hng rt hn
ch, kh thay i.
Cc tnh nng phc v cho khch hng rt phong
ph d thay i.
Khng thch ng vi phng thc bo hiu
knh chung v CCS7
D a vo bo hiu knh chung v CCS7
Cn c gng ln trong cng tc bo dng v
phng nga.
Bo dng d dng, tin ch nh SW v cng
ngh mch in, bo dng phng nga ti thiu
nh cht lng
Kh pht trin dung lng v thi gian xy
lp lu
D pht trin dung lng v thi gian xy lp
nhanh.
4.3 S khi ca mt tng i SPC

4.3.1 Cu to
Tuy c khc nhau nhiu gia cc tng i in t hin nay ang x dng
trn mng, nhng tt c cc h thng u ging nhau v c cu phn b cc
khi chc nng:

4.3.2 Nhim v ca cc khi chc nng

1.Ngoi vi thu bao, trung k.
+Chc nng:
Thc hin giao tip vi cc ng dy thu bao, cc ng dy thu bao,
cc ng trung k vi khi chuyn mch. C th kt ni n cc thu bao s,
thu bao tng t, trung k s, trung k tng t v cc thit b ph tr
phc v cho qu trnh x l cuc gi.
+Cu trc:
Ngoi vi thu bao l cc b tp trung thu bao tp trung lu lng vo
s t cc tuyn PCM ni b c dung lng ln a vo chuyn mch. Ngoi vi
trung k thc hin phi hp v tc , pha, t chc cc knh thoi trn cc tuyn
PCM gia cc tng i.

2. Thit b chuyn mch:
Trong cc tng i in t, thit b chuyn mch l mt trong cc b p
hn ch yu v c kch thc ln.

Chc nng chuyn mch: C nhim v thit lp tuyn ni gia hai ha
y nhiu thu bao ca tng i hoc tng i ny vi tng i khc.

( i vi h thng chuyn mch s thit lp tuyn m thoi gia
hai thu bao cn phi thit lp tuyn ni cho c hai hng : hng i
v hng v ( chuyn mch 4 dy )

3. Khi bo hiu
Chc nng
Thc hin trao i thng tin
Bo hiu thu bao
Thng tin bo hiu ng trung k lin i phc v cho qu
trnh thit lp.
Gii phng cc cuc gi.
Cc thng tin ny c trao i vi h thng iu khin thc
hin qu trnh x l cuc goi ( qu trnh chon v thit lp, gii
phng tuyn ni cho cuc gi ).


Bo hiu thu bao tng i:
Bao gm cc thng tin bo hiu c trng cho cc trng thi : Nhc
t hp ( hookoff ), t t hp ( hook on ) ca thu bao , thu bao
pht xung thp phn, thu bao pht xung a tn DTFM, thu bao n
phm Flash ( chp nh nhanh tip im t hp ) khi thc hin khai
thc mt s dch v c bit.

Bo hiu tng i thu bao
l thng tin bo hiu v cc m bo nh : m mi quay s, m
bo bn, m bo tc nghn, hi m chung, xung tch cc 12 Khz,
16 khz t tng i a ti.
Ngoi ra, cn c cc bn tin thng bo khc v dng in chung
25Hz, 7090 Volts t tng i a ti thu bao khi thu bao l thu
bao b gi.

Bo hiu trung k :
Bo hiu trung k l qu trnh trao i cc thng tin v cc
ng trung k ( ri, bn, gii phng, thng tin a ch , thng tin
cc, qun tr mng ) gia hai hoc nhiu tng i vi nhau.
Trong mng s hp nht IDN c 2 phng php bo hiu trung
k c s dng: bo hiu knh kt hp CAS ( bo hiu knh
ring ), bo hiu knh chung CCS.

4.Khi iu khin.

+Chc nng:
Phn tch x l thng tin khi bo hiu thit lp, gii phng cuc
gi. Ngoi ra n cn c cc chc nng v qun l, bo dng cho ton
b h thng trong mt thi gian di vi tin cy cao, cht lng tt
ng thi pht hin ra cc hng c v phn cng, phn mm v c th
nh v cc hng mt cch chnh xc

4.4 Phn tch cuc gi trong tng i SPC
m t h thng chuyn mch, tin trnh ca mt cuc
gi thng tri qua mi tng
Tin trnh mt cuc gi c nh tuyn qua mt tng i ni ht

4.4.1. Tn hiu nhc my ( off hook )
_ Khi nhc ng nghe, s pht ra tn hiu nhc my cn gi l
tn hiu truy cp ng truyn, n thng bo vi tng i
chun b iu khin cuc gi.
_ Vic nhc ng nghe to thnh mt mch vng gia tng
i v in thoi. Khi mch ny hnh thnh, mt thit b bn
trong tng i c kch hot v mt lot cc tn hiu ca
tng i c khi pht.
_ Khi ng nghe c t xung, tn hiu truy cp gi n
tng i khng cn na, mch vng b ct v cuc gi
khng thc thi, nh vy tit kim nng lng.
_ Nng lng trn dy thu bao c cp bi ngun pin
trong tng i, v n yu cu mt chiu



4.4.2. S nhn dng ca thu bao gi
_ Cuc gi c pht hin ti n v kt cui ng dy
thu bao thc hin gi trong tng i, n v ny qui nh
ch s thit b.
_ Ch s ny cn c dch sang s th mc ca thu bao
nn cn dng bng dch.
_ H thng iu khin cng cn nhn dng thu bao v:
+ Thu bao cn phi tr cc cho cuc gi.
+ Cn phi tin hnh kim tra xem thu bao c c php
gi ng di hay khng. Thng tin c lu gi trong cc
record m t chng loi dch v ca thu bao.


4.4.3. S phn phi b nh v cc thit b dng chung
_ H thng iu khin phi phn phi thit b dng chung v
cung cp ng dn cho cuc gi, hnh thnh nn mt nhm
cc thit b chim dng lu v s dng ngn hn trong giai
on thit lp cuc gi.
_ Trong tng i SPC c chia lm 2 loi.
Loi 1:
+ L record ca cuc gi, l vng nh b chim gi trong
sut qu trnh cuc gi
Loi 2:
+ Gm b thu v lu gi cc ch s cu thnh a ch thu
bao c gi
+ Cc ch s ny c lu gi trong b nh


4.4.4. Cc ch s a ch
_ Khi nhn tn hiu c m hiu mi quay s, thu bao
nhp vo cc ch s a ch bng cch quay s.
_ Cc ch s c gi di dng tn hiu n tng i v
c lu gi ti .
4.4.5. Phn tch ch s
_ H thng iu khin phi phn tch cc ch s xc nh
tuyn i ra t tng i cho cuc gi.
_ Cuc gi hng n thu bao thuc tng i ni b th
c nh tuyn n ng dy thu bao c gi
+ Nu ng dy ang lm vic th tng i gi tn hiu
bo bn n thu bao gi

_ Mt khc, cuc gi hng n tng i xa th s c
phn phi n bt k mch no thch hp ra khi tng i
gc.
+ Nu tt c cc mng u bn, tn hiu bn cng c gi
n thu bao gi
+ Nu c mt mng thch hp ang rnh, n s bt ly v
khng th s dng cho bt k cuc gi no khc.
4.4.6. Thit lp ng dn chuyn mch
_ H thng iu khin bit c cc danh nh ca mch
nhp v mch xut, sau chn ng dn gia chng
thng qua chuyn mch bng cc gii thut chn ng dn.
_ Mi im chuyn mch chn c kim tra m bo
khng trong trng thi bn v chim ly n nu rnh.
4.4.7. Dng chung v m hiu chung
_ Mt tn hiu phi c gi n u ra xa tin hnh
cuc gi.
+ Nu thu bao c gi l cc b, iu ny thc hin bng
vic gi dng in chung n kch hot chung trong my
in thoi c gi.
+ Nu thu bao khng phi cc b, mt tn hiu truy cp
phi c gi n tng i k tip nhm kch hot n.
_ Khi tt c cc kt ni c thit lp, dng in chung
c gi n thu bao u xa v m hiu chung c gi
n thu bao gi


4.4.8 Tn hiu tr li
_ Mt tn hiu tr li c nhn bit bi h thng iu khin
ca tng i cc b.
_ S truyn dn phi c chp thun trn ng dn.
_ Dng in chung v m hiu chung phi c xo trn
ng dy thu bao.
_ Khi cng vic tnh cc cuc gi ny vi thu bao gi
c khi ng
4.4.9. Gim st
_ Cng vic gim st cng c thc hin tnh cc v
pht hin tn hiu xo cuc cuc gi.
_ Cng vic gim st cng thc hin pht hin tn hiu truy
cp ca cuc gi mi.

4.4.10. Tn hiu xo kt ni
Khi nhn tn hiu xo kt ni, thit b tng i hay b nh
c dng trong kt ni phi c gii phng v sn sng
s dng cho cc cuc gi mi

Tin trnh mt cuc gi c nh tuyn qua mt tng i th 2