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Part Two
 Sustainable Development?

Based on concept that western-style development is

not sustainable.
Requires us to rethink meaning of development in
terms of Human Development
United Nations Development Program indicators of
human development include:
levels of education
access to safe drinking water and healthcare
infant and maternal mortality
caloric intake
in addition to “standard” indicators such as:
GDP
trade balance
external debt
Are the problems of development rooted in the system so
that actual development would mean a change in the
system?
Sustainable development proposes a more flexible concept of
quality of life
Development means different things to different people

Different regions - different needs

Is a single model is appropriate?

A more integral model considers ecology, culture, gender,

tradition, and local production methods.
 Case Study: Brazil

2004: Minimum wage went up to $121.50/month

Basic Basket: products that a typical family of 4 (2

adults, 2 children) purchases every month.
In Brazil = 22 food and drink products,
4 house cleaning
products, 5 personal hygiene
products,
 Price (April
Product Quantity Weight 2004)

Food & Drink . 78.09% R$ 160.37

Rice - packets of 5 kg 3 8.22% R$ 16.88

Beans - packets of 1 kg 4 2.66% R$ 5.46

Sugar - packets of 5 kg 2 1.53% R$ 3.14

Coffee - packets of 500

g 3 6.29% R$ 12.92
Wheat flour (1
kg) 3 1.85% R$ 3.80

Manioc flour
(500 g) 1 0.59% R$ 1.21

Potatoes (1 kg) 4 1.21% R$ 2.48

Onion (1 kg) 1 0.48% R$ 0.99

Garlic (1 kg) 0.2 1.96% R$ 4.03

Eggs (dozens) 3 2.87% R$ 5.89

Butter (250 g) 4 1.71% R$ 3.51

Tomato sauce (370 g) 2 1.92% R$ 3.94

Soy Oil (900 ml) 5 3.19% R$ 6.55

Milk in powder (450 g) 3 5.88% R$ 12.07

Spaghetti/pasta (500g) 4 2.83% R$ 5.81

Biscuits (200 g) 4 2.32% R$ 4.76

Meat - noble (1 kg) 3 10.14% R$ 20.82

Meat - cheaper (1 kg) 4 7.65% R$ 15.71

Frozen chicken
(1 kg) 5 9.22% R$ 18.93

Sausage (1 kg) 0.5 2.21% R$ 4.54

Pork sausage (1
kg) 0.3 1.45% R$ 2.98

Cheese
mozzarella (1
kg) 0.5 1.85% R$ 3.80
 11.19
House Cleaning . % R$ 22.98

Powder soap
(800 g) 4 4.81% R$ 9.88

Bar soap (100 g) 15 4.32% R$ 8.87

Sanitary water
(1 liter) 2 1.08% R$ 2.22

Detergent (500
ml) 2 0.99% R$ 2.03
Personal hygiene . 10.72% R$ 22.01

Toillet paper (4
rolls) 3 3.20% R$ 6.57

Tooth paste (50 g) 4 1.81% R$ 3.72

Bath soap (90 g) 10 2.02% R$ 4.15

Deodorant (100
ml) 2 1.29% R$ 2.65

Absorbent (packet
w/ 10) 1 2.40% R$ 4.93
Total Cost: $95.96441
Does not include rent, utilities, transportation,
school fees, etc.
Recall the minimum wage: $121.50/ month
The WTO prohibits member nations, like the United
States, from discriminating against the importation of
goods made by children.