CAMBRIDGE YEAR 6

SCIENCE
CHAPTER 2: SCIENTISTS
2.1 SCIENTISTS
Science is the best way we have of
finding out about the world.
Science does not have answer to
everything. Scientists discover new
things about the world and then explain
them to others.
Scientists come from all over the world
and are both men and women.
2.1 SCIENTISTS
Scientific
skills
Plan good
investigation
Make predictions
and explain why
Collect data
Make accurate
observations and
measurements
Learn from work
of other
scientists
Draw conclusions
Explain how data
supports your
prediction
2.2 ALHAZEN AND HOW WE SEE
An Iraqi scientist, Alhazen, explained how
we see things.

Alhazen
worked
inside a dark
room with a
hole in the
wall
Outside he
hung
lanterns
He found he
could only
see things in
the room
when the
lantern light
shine on them

He concluded
that in order
for us to see,
the light must
be reflected
by objects
into the eyes
2.3 BENDING OF LIGHT
Alhazen also explained how light was
bent and use these idea to investigate
how lenses magnify objects.
Phenomena caused by the bending of
light:
(i)A stick half-immersed in water to
appear bent
(ii)A deep pond appears shallower
2.3 BENDING OF LIGHT
A stick appears bent in water
2.3 BENDING OF LIGHT
A deep pond appears shallower
2.4 FASTER AND FASTER
Isambard Kingdom Brunel hated
wasting time. He wanted to go places
fast. He built the Great Western Railway
to speed up the journey between London
and Bristol.
The journey between London to Bristol is
190 km.


2.4 FASTER AND FASTER


Date Vehicle Time Km per hour
1784 Stagecoach 16 hours 11.88
1837 Improved stagecoach 11 hours 17.27
1851 First steam train 4.5 hours 42.22
1912 Fast train 2 hours 95
2003 Modern express 1.5 hours 126.67
2.5 YOU ARE A SCIENTIST
Mpemba and the ice cream
Mpemba was a thirteen-year-old school
student in Tanzania who made his own
ice cream. As he made it, he noticed that
warm water froze faster than cold.
Mpemba discovery challenged
scientists. They suggest several
theories.
2.5 YOU ARE A SCIENTIST
Theories
suggested by
scientists why
warm water
freezes faster
than colder
water
Ice on top of the
cold water insulates
the water making it
freezes slower

Warm water evaporates
faster than cold water
and so less warm water
available to freeze so it
freezes faster
Heating water remove
gases like oxygen
and carbon dioxide
from the water
making it freeze faster
2.5 YOU ARE A SCIENTIST
How do you imagine Albert Einstein?






2.5 YOU ARE A SCIENTIST
Einstein made his greatest discovery
when he was 14.
Einstein imagined what it would be like to
travel at the speed of light.

2.5 YOU ARE A SCIENTIST
Video on Albert Einstein: