กระสวยอวกาศ

Overview:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Communication
Bandwidth & Information Capacity
Satellite Communication
Satellite Bands
Satellite Orbit
Global Positioning System GPS
Remote Sensing
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CLUSTER
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Satellite Program
Launch Segment
Ground Segment
Space Segment
Spacecraft Bus
Payload
Communication
Remote Sensing
Navigation
Scientific Probe
Main page
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Rocket Propulsion
Solid
Solid Fuel + Solid Oxidizer
Liquid
Liquid Fuel + Liquid Oxidizer
Hybrid
Solid Fuel + Liquid Oxidizer
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Liquid Fuel Tank
Solid Rocket Booster
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Venture Star
Reusable
Single Stage to orbit
X-33
Half scale of Venture Star
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Aerospike Engine
Failsafe Multiple Camber
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Pegasus Diagram
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University of Surrey Pancake

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absolute altitude: 123,524 ft (37,650 m) [world record]

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ASAT Anti Satellite Missile

Launch by Modified F-15
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ASAT Space Guides Warhead
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Satellite Communication
Radio Wave Reflector

Moon
Ionosphere
Passive Satellite: metallic Balloon
Active Satellite
Amplification & Frequency Change
Uplink & Downlink
Traveling Wave Tube TWT
Main page
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Traveling wave tube

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Traveling wave tube

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Communication
Spectrum:
Voice 3kHz
Radio
VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF
30k 300k 3M 30M 300M 3G

IR
Visible 3 TeraHz or 10-7 m wavelength
UV
X-Ray
Gamma Ray
Cosmic Ray
Main page
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Bandwidth & Information Capacity

Bandwidth:
Fourier
Spectrum
Information Capacity:
Bandwidth, Signal Power, Noise
Bit/sec = Bandwidth x log2( 1+S/N )
BW 1kHz, Signal 10W, Noise 1W -> 3470 bps
Broadcast vs Point to Point
Main page
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Satellite Band > 1Ghz

Reason:
Availability
Propagation Characteristics
Straight line
Predictable loss
Small Antenna
Band L S C X Ku K Ka V W
GHz 1 2 4 8 12 18 27 40 75 110
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. 45-47
..
EXISTING
PABX
SDH
Router
SDH
LAN
SDH
SDH
Satellite TDMA
SDH
SDH
Satellite TDMA
Router
Remote
Access
Server
Network Security
System
LAN
EXISTING
PABXDial
Modem
Remote Access
Server
up
Modem
VCS
Modem
PABX
LAN
EXISTING
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Modem

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C BAND
(.)
TDMA
ROUTER
LAN
SWITCH
RAS
.21
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Satellite Orbit
3/4 cost = Launching & Maintaining in Orbit

Transfer Orbit & Station keeping maneuver
Kepler & Newton
Orbit = ellipse
Earth-sat line sweep equal area
Period square = semi major cube
Geosynchronous Thaicom
Heliosynchronous SPOT
6 Hours Orbit GPS
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Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO)

Arthur C. Clarke
3 sat global coverage
36000 km
Sideral day 23h 56mn 4.1s
Hughes
SYNCOM I (1963), propellant tank exploded
SYNCOM II, plane change maneuver
SYNCOM III (1964) first GEO
INTELSAT I (Early Bird) 1965
About 200 operational GEO
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Thaicom 1A, Thaicom 2

Class: Communications. Nation: USA.
Manufacturer: Hughes.
Mass 654 kg at beginning-of-life in
geosynchronous orbit. Spin stabilized
at 50 rpm by 4 hydrazine thrusters
with 136 kg propellant. Star 30 apogee
kick motor. Solar cells mounted on
outside of cylindrical satellite body
provide 990 W of power and recharge
two NiCd batteries. 24 + 6 backup 9 W
transmission beams.
Total Mass: 2,800 kg.
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Thaicom 3
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EIRP & Frequency
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IPStar 1 (Thaicom 4)
119.5E, 11/08/2005, 6505kg
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Standard 1300 (Intelsat 706) [SSL]

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IP Star footprint
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Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

750 km - 1500 km (< Van Allen belt)
Advantages: low power, small antenna, short delay
Doppler position determination
STARSYS
24 satellites 1300 km, 60, 6 plane
2 ways comm & positioning
ORBCOMM
20 satellites circular orbit 970 km
3 planes (6 sat/plane) 40
2 planes (1 sat/plane) 90
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SPOT
832 km
Circular Near Polar 98.7
Sun Synchronous
Pass equator at 10.30 am
Repeat every 26 days
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THEOS (LEOSTAR 500 XO :EADS Astrium)
Star Sensor
Multispectral Camera
Gyroscope
Panchromatic Camera
X band Antenna
S band Antenna
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Thermal Radiator
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Blackbody
Radiation
Curve
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LEO Orbit
GLOBALSTAR (Qualcomm)
Polar Orbit
LEO circular 90
Motorola IRIDIUM
66 satellites 765 km 11 planes
7 watt
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Iridium Orbit Constellation
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Iridium System
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Iridium Satellite Diagram
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Communication Antenna
Iridium Satellite
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Gateway Antenna
Iridium Satellite
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Iridium Flare Phenomenon
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Departed ASSA member, Craig Richardson, took this photograph of an Iridium flare
(Iridium 62)
at 18:38 (local time) on 30 July 1998.
He used a 55mm f/1.8 Minolta lens with Kodak PPF400 film for the 30 second
exposure.
The star Arcturus is at the far left amongst the tree branches.
"The clouds parted just long enough for me to take the photo!", said Craig.
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International Space Station

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Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)

10000 km - 20000 km
ODYSSEY TRW
12 sat, 10355 km (period
6h), 3 planes 55
GPS Global Positioning System
21 sat + 3 spare, 20182 km
(period 12h), 6 planes 55
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GPS Global Positioning System

Block 2f
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GPS Global Positioning System Orbit Constellation

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New Phase GPS (Lockheed Martin)
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Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO)

Satellite move slowest at apogee
High latitude countries
Molniya (lighning)
63.4, 12h period (10h north hemi, 2h south)
2 crossing/revolution Van Allen belt
Tundra
63.4, 24h period
ARCHIMEDES
4 sat, Molniya
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2500 satellites
Liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov
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กระสวยอวกาศ

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Overview:

Liquid Fuel Tank

Solid Rocket Booster

University of Surrey Pancake

absolute altitude: 123,524 ft (37,650 m) [world record]

ASAT Anti Satellite Missile

ASAT Space Guides Warhead

Radio Wave Reflector

Traveling wave tube

Traveling wave tube

30k 300k 3M 30M 300M 3G

Bandwidth & Information Capacity

Satellite Band > 1Ghz

3/4 cost = Launching & Maintaining in Orbit

Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO)

Thaicom 1A, Thaicom 2

EIRP & Frequency

Standard 1300 (Intelsat 706) [SSL]

Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

THEOS (LEOSTAR 500 XO :EADS Astrium)

Iridium Orbit Constellation

Iridium Satellite Diagram

Iridium Flare Phenomenon

International Space Station

Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)

GPS Global Positioning System

GPS Global Positioning System Orbit Constellation

New Phase GPS (Lockheed Martin)

Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO)

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