Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTERNATIONAL LAW
MATERI:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Article 38 (2)
This provision shall not prejudice the
power of the Court to decide a case ex
auequo et bono, if the parties agree
thereto.
Article 59
The decision of the Court has no
binding force except between the
parties and in the respect of that
particular case.
1. Perjanjian Internasional
Pada pasal 38 ayat 1 huruf a di atas disebutkan
bahwa: International conventions,
A. Pengertian PI
1. UN Charter: no definition
2. Regulations to give effect to Article 102 (GA 1946)
Article 1:whatever its form and descriptive name
C. Karakteristik PI
a. Yg dpt didaftarkan
SUBYEK: Dibuat oleh min. 2 pihak : treaty-making capacity
(ps.6 KW) (Kehendak untuk melaksanakan kewajiban
menurut HI) Mengikat dan diatur menurut HI (Ps.36 KW)
BENTUK: tertulis, Entry into force: krn waktu dan cara
PELAKU: Full powers and signature: (kepala negara,
pemerintah, departemen)
D. Penggunaan Istilah PI
Treaty: prinsip, perlu pengesahan (Southeast Asia
Nuclear Weapon Free Zone Treaty, 1995).
Convention: multilateral, law-making (Konvensi Jenewa
1949, Konvensi Wina 1963, Konvensi Wina 1969,
K.Jenewa 1958)
Protocol: Tambahan, penafsiran pasal,(Optional
Protocol)
Covenants:
charter,
statute,
Act:keasksian berakhirnya suatu proses perjanjian
(GATT, 1994)
Declaration: ketentuan umum, tdk menginkat
Agreement
---------------------------------------Concordat,
exchange of notes,
agreed minutes: catatan mengenai hasil perundingan
memorandum of agreement:memo saling pengertian tdk
perlu pengesahan
modus vivendi or other appellation):sementara, tdk
resmi
D. Tahap pembuatan PI
Dilakukan oleh Kepala Negara atau Menlu: Full Powers (Ps.7-11
KW)Ps 27 GA: credential
Perundingan: amandemen
Penyusunan:pembukaan, batang tubuh, penutup, annex
Penerimaan:adoption of the text
Kesaksian Naskah
Penandatanganan
Pengesahan(ratification)
Reservasi (pensyaratan)
Entry into force:waktu dan cara
Pertukaran Piagam Pengesahan
Penyimpanan Piagam Pengesahan
D. Akibat-akibat PI
Akibat thd negara-negara pihak
Akibat thd negara lain
Implementasi perjanjian thd peraturan
Perundang-undangan
2. Teknis pengawasan PI
Internationalized contracts
Since then:
2. International Custom
What is International Custom?
1. International custom, as evidence of a
general practise accepted as law (Article 38
(1).
2. International custom is a general recognition
among States of a certain prectoce as
obligatory (Brierly).
3. International custom is a general practice
which reflect a legal obligation (opinio Jurist)
4. Judicial decisions
Decisions and advisory opinions in the
case of
1. Reparation
2. Genocide
3. Fisheries
4. Interpretation of Peace Treaties
Example:
1. Pelarangan menggunakan tindakan
ancaman kekerasan atau penggunaan
kekerasan (ps.2 ayat 4 Piagam PBB)
2. Pacta sunt servanda (ps. 26 konvensi
Wina)
3. Persamaan kedaulatan negara
4. Penyelesaian sengketa secara damai
1.
2.
3.
4.
Larangan genocide
Larangan Perbudakan
Larangan Diskriminasi rasial
Perlindungan HAM