Vit Ting Anh Hc Thut

T chc lp vit bo khoa hc K thut ng trn tp

ch quc t (19)
(Electrical Engineering)
Kha Thi c
i hc Y Dc TP H Ch Minh Gim c trung tm vit bo khoa hc bng ting
Anh

http://www.chineseowl.idv.tw

Tiu s c nhn
Kha Thi c (Ted Knoy) dy vit ting Anh k
thut trong cc trng i hc i Loan hn hai
mi nm. ng l tc gi ca mi bn cun sch
v vit ting Anh k thut v chuyn nghip. ng
thnh lp mt trung tm vit ting Anh ti trng i
hc Y Yunpei ng thi cng l ging vin ton thi
gian ti trng. ng chnh sa trn 55,000 bi
vit cho vic ng bo nghin cu khoa hc t nm
1989. ng l cng nh bin tp ting anh cho mt s
tp ch v khoa hc, k thut v y hc ca i Loan.

A. Nn tng (Background)

Thit lp cc xut nghin cu (Setting of research proposal): M t

mt xu hng ph bin, pht trin hoc hin tng trong lnh vc ca bn
ngi c c th hiu c bi cnh m bn xut nghin cu ang
c thc hin .

Vn nghin cu (Research problem) : M t cc hn ch chnh hoc

tht bi ca cc nghin cu trc y hoc cc phng php nghin
cu khi gii quyt cc xu hng, pht trin hoc hin tng nu .

c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu (Quantitative

specification of research problem): nh lng hoc a ra mt v d v
vn nghin cu c trch dn trong ti liu tham kho trc .

Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu (Importance of research

problem) : M t cc hu qu v mt l thuyt v thc t nu khng gii
quyt vn nghin cu.

B. Thc hin (Action)

Mc tiu nghin cu (Research objective) : M t mc tiu ca nghin

cu xut ca bn v bao gm cc c im chnh ring bit ca
nghin cu t c mc tiu nghin cu , iu m khng c
thc hin trong nghin cu trc y ( mt cu )

Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu (Methodology to

achieve research objective) : M t ba hoc bn bc chnh t
c mc tiu nghin cu ca bn .

Kt qu d kin ( Anticipated results) : M t cc kt qu nh lng

m bn hy vng s t c trong nghin cu ca bn.

ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin (Theoretical and

practical contribution to field) : M t cch thc phng php hoc
kt qu nghin cu xut ca bn s ng gp v mt l thuyt trong
lnh vc nghin cu, quy lut v cng ng gp thit thc trong sn
xut, ngnh cng nghip dch v.

V d 1: Electrical Engineering
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu Stepping motors are extensively adopted in
electronic consumer products such as DVDs, digital cameras and cellular
phones owing to their high-resolution position capability and miniaturized size.
Vn nghin cu However, a controller with external driving devices
increases not only the complexity of PCB layout, but also overhead costs.
Additionally, the conventionally adopted driving method incurs an intolerable
amount of vibration and generates much noise while operating under the pulseshaped driving signal.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu For instance, a 480
g-cm torque, 0.15W, 4.5V stepping motor under a no-load condition generates
50 dBA at 30 cm from motor housing.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu Such vibration from a noisy stepping
motor falls below consumer expectations and decreases operational efficiency,
ultimately lowering the market competitiveness of new generation products.

V d 1 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should
develop a control method with micro-stepping capabilities to
drive stepping motors smoothly by effectively removing the
vibration and noise originating from a non-uniform force of
motors.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do so,
mathematic models of stepping motor and driving waveform
can be analyzed. The level of quasi-sinusoidal waveform can
then be easily calculated for a pre-given level of numbers.
Next, a driving circuit with a quasi-sinusoidal output current
can be designed with a DAC and a current drive circuit.

V d 1 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, the proposed
micro-stepping control method can locate precisely
and decrease vibration and noise originating from
pulsed-waveform driving by 10%.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin
The proposed method can locate and minimize
vibration and noise during motor operation more
than other commercially available ones.

V d 2: Electrical Engineering
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu Small-format TFT LCDs require an
analog video decoder, while large-format TFT LCDs require a digital one.
An analog video decoder can convert composite video signals to RGB color
signals for delivery to panel data lines.
Vn nghin cu Whereas small-format TFT LCDs have two specific
systems, NTSC and PAL, conventional analog video decoders can only
decode NTSC and PAL, thus minimizing system flexibility.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu An analog video
decoder must be developed that can automatically sense and switch
between NTSC and PAL systems. An analog video decoder reduces the
number of peripheral components by around 20% owing to its ability to
convert NTSC and PAL signals in order to drive TFT LCDs simultaneously.
The analog video decoder eliminates the need to create different designs
for various video systems, e.g., NTSC and PAL. The user can also switch
between different systems without manually doing so.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu Consequently, inadequate
functions of an analog video decoder limit product applications.

V d 2 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should develop
an analog video decoder that can automatically sense and switch
between NTSC and PAL systems.

Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do so,

a circuit for a video composite video signal decoder can be
developed, which contains a VCOM amplifier. Sensing and
switching functions can then be incorporated for differentiating
between specific systems, NTSC and PAL. Next, a PLL circuit can
be added since the demand frequency of PAL is 4.43 MHz.
Additionally, various system circuits, e.g., trap filters, can select
various frequencies for the signal process. Moreover, output
stages can be equipped with sufficient driving capability to deliver
RGB signals to panel data lines.

V d 2 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, the proposed analog
video decoder can be used to satisfy video functions
requested and attain a high performance.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin
Capable of reducing the cost of system peripheral
components, owing to its integration of NTSC and PAL
systems, the analog video decoder is the first chip in video
application in Taiwan owing to its ability to decode both
NTSC and PAL color signals. Moreover, the proposed chip
can enhance flexibility in system applications and enhance
user convenience.

V d 3: Electrical Engineering
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu While the MOSFETs
required off-time for achieving the target current is
calculated ahead of time, the MOSFETs on-time is
maintained constant, resulting in variable switching
frequency. The analog current mode is normally
implemented in switching power supplies to sense and
control the peak inductor current.
Vn nghin cu Among the serious problems that
subsequently arise include poor noise immunity, a need for
slope compensation and peak to average current errors
that the inherently low current loop gain cannot correct.

V d 3 (cont.)
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu
Whereas the analog peak current mode control method is
inherently unstable at duty ratios exceeding 0.5,
subsequently making this method extremely susceptible to
noise.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu The inability to
simplify the function of the analog peak current control
boundary operations will easily incur system instability.
Moreover, the peak to average current error inherent in the
peak method of inductor current control often poses a
serious problem in power supply.

V d 3 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should develop
a variable-frequency novel digital current controller for valley,
peak or average currents, capable of easily supporting a high
switching frequency that exceeds 4MHz. For each variable of
interest (valley, peak or average current), the appropriate PWM
method can be selected to achieve digital current control
without an oscillation problem.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do so,
the digital current control method can be analyzed in various
ways. Factors that influence the compensator control can then
be identified. Next, whether circuit design is capable of
considering the entire electrical circuit can be considered.

V d 3 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, the proposed digital current
controller can be examined under trailing edge modulation Under
trailing edge modulation, the proposed method can experience the
same instability under operating conditions when the duty cycle
exceeds 0.5. Additionally, the proposed digital current controller
can be used in a diverse range of power factor conversion
applications, including rectifiers with power factor correction
(PFC). Doing so requires only one current sample per period with
relatively modest processing requirements.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin In addition to
complying with requirements of strict output voltage regulation,
high-speed dynamic response and programmability without
external passive components, the proposed current controller can
be derived for all basic converter configurations and for valley,
peak or average currents.

V d 4: Electrical Engineering
Thit lp cc xut nghin cu Start-up algorithms profoundly
impact motor control performance, as evidenced by the increasing
popularity of highly efficient and highly integrated driven ICs.
Appropriate start-up control and low current consumption dominate the
overall performance.
Vn nghin cu However, conventional control procedures adopt
either a complex DSP or MCU system to implement algorithms.
c im k thut nh lng ca vn nghin cu For instance,
powerful functions are exploited to detect feedback signals, obtain motor
rotor position and drive accurate control signals to avert a large current.
These start-up algorithms require fixed control steps synthesized on
either the DSP or MCU system, subsequently involving complex
functions that ultimately it difficult to implement ICs.
Tm quan trng ca vn nghin cu The inability to analyze and
simplify these algorithms with respect to the signal process and position
estimation makes it impossible to implement ICs more efficiently.

V d 4 (cont.)
Mc tiu nghin cu Based on the above, we should develop an efficient
algorithm with an effective start-up control and low output current, capable of
accurately locating the position of the motor and effectively driving it to
achieve integration into ICs.
Phng php t c mc tiu nghin cu To do so, an
experimental platform consisting of a DSP, motor, driven circuit and control
software can be constructed for estimating motors. Software can then be
exploited to control the motor based on various conditions. Next, a table of
commands can be compiled, along with the positions built by observing how
control signals and output results are related. Additionally, the accurate
position of the motor that reduces the output current for driving motors can
be determined by referring to this table. Moreover, the optimal current to
drive the motor can be identified by adjusting the speed of control signals,
thus increasing the efficiency of driven motors. Finally, a table and an
optimal speed control signal can be developed.

V d 4 (cont.)
Kt qu d kin As anticipated, the proposed
algorithm with an effective start-up control and low
output current can be easily implemented into IC
design.
ng gp trong lnh vc l thuyt v thc tin
Importantly, the proposed algorithm can minimize
hardware implementation and drive motors
efficiently to ensure easy manipulation.

Ti liu tham kho

Knoy, T (2002) Writing Effective Work
Proposals. Taipei: Yang Chih Publishing

Further details can be found at

http://www.chineseowl.idv.tw