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  • Introduction To Industrial Hygiene: CENE 440/540 April 6, 2015

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    This document provides an introduction to the field of industrial hygiene. It defines industrial hygiene as relating to industry and the science of establishing and maintaining health, especially in occupational settings. The history of the field is traced back to ancient Greek and Roman physicians who described occupational diseases. However, the father of industrial medicine is considered to be Bernardino Ramazzini, an Italian physician in the 17th century. The field grew with the work of Alice Hamilton in the late 19th/early 20th century and the establishment of workers' compensation laws and the Occupational Safety and Health Act in the United States. Industrial hygienists work to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control environmental hazards in the workplace that can impact health. Their

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    This document provides an introduction to the field of industrial hygiene. It defines industrial hygiene as relating to industry and the science of establishing and maintaining health, especially in occupational settings. The history of the field is traced back to ancient Greek and Roman physicians who described occupational diseases. However, the father of industrial medicine is considered to be Bernardino Ramazzini, an Italian physician in the 17th century. The field grew with the work of Alice Hamilton in the late 19th/early 20th century and the establishment of workers' compensation laws and the Occupational Safety and Health Act in the United States. Industrial hygienists work to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control environmental hazards in the workplace that can impact health. Their

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    4 views16 pages

    Introduction To Industrial Hygiene: CENE 440/540 April 6, 2015

    Uploaded by

    Fahad
    This document provides an introduction to the field of industrial hygiene. It defines industrial hygiene as relating to industry and the science of establishing and maintaining health, especially in occupational settings. The history of the field is traced back to ancient Greek and Roman physicians who described occupational diseases. However, the father of industrial medicine is considered to be Bernardino Ramazzini, an Italian physician in the 17th century. The field grew with the work of Alice Hamilton in the late 19th/early 20th century and the establishment of workers' compensation laws and the Occupational Safety and Health Act in the United States. Industrial hygienists work to anticipate, recognize, evaluate and control environmental hazards in the workplace that can impact health. Their

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    of 16

    Introduction to

    Industrial Hygiene
    CENE 440/540
    April 6, 2015

    WHAT IS
    INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE (IH)?

    industrial \ in-ds-tr-l \ adj 1: of or relating to industry


    2: characterized by highly developed industries <an ~ nation>
    3: engaged in industry <the ~ classes> 4: derived from human
    industry 5: used in industry --- industrially \ tr--l \
    adv

    hygiene \ hi - jn \ n [Gk. neut. pl. of hygieinos healthful, fr.


    hygis healthy] 1: a science of the establishment and
    maintenance of health 2: conditions or practices (as of
    cleanliness) conducive to health hygienic \ h-j-en-ik \adj
    hygienically \ i-k(-)l \adv hygienist \ h-jn-st \n

    HISTORY OF IH

    Hippocrates in ~ 400 BC
    slave labor & lead (Pb) work
    Pliny the Elder ~ 45 AD
    Workers used bladder
    respirators; asbestosis
    appears in slave workers

    HISTORY OF IH

    Galen (Greek) in ~ 150 AD


    described lead poisoning

    Paracelsus: 1493-1541
    1st toxicologist

    HISTORY OF IH

    Agricola: 1494 - 1555


    De Re Metalica
    Snow White & 7 Dwarfs

    Percival Potts: 1714 - 1788


    Chimney Sweeps Act of 1788

    HISTORY OF IH

    Bernadino Ramazzini (1633 - 1714)


    Italian physician
    The Diseases of Workmen, 1700

    accurately described the many


    occupational diseases that were
    common during his time

    Recognized as Father of
    Industrial Medicine
    Described silicosis, hearing loss,
    and deafness and suggested
    preventive measures to reduce
    exposures

    HISTORY OF IH

    Alice Hamilton (1869 - 1970) mama


    American physician (born in NYC)
    1893 graduate of the U. Michigan Medical
    School & 1st female professor hired by
    Harvard Medical School (1919)
    founded discipline of Industrial Medicine
    worked tirelessly to convince
    factory owners that improving
    working conditions was a good
    business practice

    HISTORY OF IH
    1900 - 1910: State Compensation Plans
    1918 - 1st IH degree awarded
    1920 - 42 State Workers Compensation
    1970 - OSHAct

    First Standards promulgated in 1971


    Many new & revised standards since

    WHATS AN IH?

    Definition in 1971:
    Industrial Hygiene is that science (or art)
    devoted to the recognition, evaluation, and
    control of those environmental factors or
    stresses - chemical, physical, biological,
    and ergonomic - that may cause sickness,
    impaired health, or significant discomfort to
    employees or residents of the community.

    WHATS AN IH?

    Definition in 1999:
    Industrial Hygiene is the science and
    practice devoted to the anticipation,
    recognition, evaluation, and control of those
    environmental factors or stresses arising in
    or from the workplace that may cause
    sickness, impaired health and well-being, or
    significant discomfort among workers and
    may also impact the general community.

    I.H. FUNCTIONS

    Anticipation
    Expecting an exposure hazard to occur

    Recognition
    Knowing what the hazards might be

    Evaluation
    Measuring the amount of existing hazard

    Control
    Protecting the worker from the hazard

    HAZARD
    TYPE
    _ PHYSICAL
    __________

    _ CHEMICAL
    ___________

    _ _ _ Noise
    _________

    Gases/Vapors
    ____________

    _ _ _ Insects
    _________

    _ Radiation
    ___________

    ____________
    Solids/Pastes

    _ _ _ Plants
    _________

    _ _ Thermal
    __________

    _ Particulates
    ___________

    _ _ _Animals
    _________

    _ Ergonomics
    ___________

    _ _ BIOLOGICAL
    ______________

    WORKER PROTECTION

    Source

    Pathway

    Receiver

    HISTORY OF IH

    Since 1980s, roles have expanded


    Recent surveys by Occupational Safety &
    Health magazine and AIHA indicate that
    the IH role is now covering safety and
    environmental issues.

    QUESTIONS?

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