PHAN 1: GII THIEU

VE QUAN LY D AN

HAI NOI DUNG

CHNG 1: D AN VA QUAN LY
D AN
CHNG 2: XAC NH D AN

CHNG 1
D AN VA QUAN LY
D AN

MUC TIEU HOC TAP

1. Nam c ban chat cua
d an, nhu cau va cac
yeu cau oi vi cong tac
quan ly d an
2. Hieu c vai tro, chc
nang va hieu qua cua
QLDA
3. Hieu c cac qui luat
quan trong va cac yeu to
thanh bai cua QLDA
4. Hieu c nhiem vu va

NOI DUNG
1.1. Gii thieu ve d an
1.2. Gii thieu ve quan ly
d an
1.3. Cac dang quan ly d
an
1.4. Mot so qui luat cua
quan ly d an
1.5. Giam oc d an
1.6. Yeu to thanh bai cua
d an
1.7. Bai tap ln so 1

1.1. GII THIEU VE D

AN
1. D an la hoat ong
san xuat
2. Cac ac trng c
ban cua d an
3. Loai d an
4. Nhu cau ve quan ly
d an

1. D an la hoat ong san

xuat

1. San xuat hang khoi

San pham co nh, san lng
ln va on nh trong thi gian
dai, co the d bao
Thiet b chuyen dung to
chc thanh day chuyen co
nh
Nhan lc chu chot: ky s
cong nghe
Yeu cau chu yeu: tang nang
suat cua trang thiet b
7
Tng tac vi moi trng

1. D an la hoat ong san

xuat
2. San xuat hang loat
Co mot vai loai san pham
c san xuat tren cung
day chuyen (vi mot so
thay oi ve cong nghe), san
lng kha ln va on nh
trong thi gian kha dai
Thiet b c nhom lai theo
chc nang chuyen dung
Tnh phc tap cua cong tac
lap ke hoach, tien o va
kiem soat cao hn san xuat

1. D an la hoat ong san

xuat
2. San xuat hang loat (tiep)
Yeu cau chu yeu: giam
thi gian san xuat, tang tnh
linh hoat cua day chuyen
cong nghe
Tng tac vi moi trng
nhieu hn san xuat hang
khoi nhng chu yeu la trong
khau lap ke hoach
9

1. D an la hoat ong san

xuat
3. San xuat n chiec:
Mot so ln loai san pham,
san lng thap, thi gian
san xuat ngan, yeu cau
chat lng cao
Dang san pham co the lap
lai
Thiet b a nang
Co the tng tac vi moi
trng ngay trong qua trnh
san xuat

10

1. D an la hoat ong san

xuat
4. San xuat d an:
San pham duy nhat (khong
phai 1 san pham)
Thi gian san xuat xac nh
nhng keo dai
Nhieu loai thiet b a tnh
nang, nhieu chuyen mon
Khong lap lai
Tng tac vi moi trng a
dang va bien ong va bat
nh

11

1. D an la hoat ong
san xuat

D an la mot chuoi cac hoat

ong nham hoan tat mot san
pham cuoi cung trong pham vi
cho trc ve THI GIAN-CHI PHT
CHAT LNG
oi vi moi d
an trong so cua
DA
T-C-CL khac nhau

CL

C
12

2. Cac ac trng c ban cua

d an
1.San pham duy nhat va
hoan toan xac nh bi cac
yeu cau chat lng va ky
thuat
2.Tnh phc tap:
nhieu nganh nghe, nhieu
chuyen mon hay nhieu to
chc, cty cung tham gia
chu tac ong cua nhieu
yeu to co anh hng qua
lai

13

2. Cac ac trng c ban

cua d an
3.Tnh oc ao: s khac biet
ngay ca oi vi nhng loai
d an a c tng c
thc hien trc kia (xay cau,
ng)
4.Tnh mi: s mi la cha tng
gap ngay cho ca cac d an
tng t a thc hien (rui ro
hay bat nh t moi trng)
5.Tnh tam thi: d an co
iem ket thuc khi ma moi
nguon lc cua d an se b

14

2. Cac ac trng c ban cua

d an
6.Mau thuan: luon ton tai tren
nhieu kha canh: cac muc tieu,
quyen li cua cac ben co lien
quan, thay oi theo thi gian va
vi cng o khac nhau
7.Vong i (PLC): la mot chuoi
cac pha hay cac hoat ong co
thi iem bat au va ket
thuc hoan toan xac nh vi
thi iem ket thuc cua pha
cuoi cung i vi ket qua la
san pham c hoan tat. D 15

3. Loai d an
Loai d an

V du ve san
pham cua d
an

D an hanh chnh:
thng do t van hay
chnh can bo thc
hien. Khoi lng
cong viec kho xac
nh t au, san
pham au ra la
dch vu va chat
lng co o u tien
cao

Cai at he
thong ke
toan mi,
cai to cong
ty, tai to
chc, tai
cau truc

Xay dng: T va CL

Toa nha, cay

16

3. Loai d an
Loai d an

V du ve san
pham cua d an

Lap ke hoach,
thiet ke: T va
CL

Cac ke hoach
thc hien nhiem
vu chuyen mon,
quan ly

Lap at trang
thiet b hay day
chuyen cong
nghe: T va CL

Day chuyen cong

nghe hay thiet b
san sang san
xuat

S kien xa hoi Olimpic, di chuyen

hay tai nh c: T- ti mot ni mi
C-CL

17

3. Loai d an
Loai d an

V du ve san
pham cua d
an

Bao tr trang thiet

b cho he thong
san xuat lien
tuc: T-CL

Trang thiet b
a c bao tr

Phat trien san

pham: T-C-CL

Thuoc mi,
may bay m,
trang thiet b
mi

Nghien cu: CL

Bao cao kha

thi, bao cao
khao sat 1 van

18

3. Loai d an
15
13

10
9

11

6
7

4
1

Tnh
bat
nh
tron
g
th
i
gian,
chi
ph
va

14

8
12

3
5
Tnh phc tap

19

3. Loai d an

20

4. Nhu cau ve quan ly

d an
D an la hoat ong ac thu
can phai co phng phap
quan ly ac thu
Loai ngi a tng thc
hien nhieu d an v ai
chng to nang lc lap ke
hoach, ket hp, phoi hp, to
chc va kiem soat tuyet vi
D an ngay nay luon phai
thc hien trong pham vi han
hep cho trc ve T-C-CL ma
21

4. Nhu cau ve quan ly

d an
D an trien khai kho khan
hn cac loai hnh san xuat
khac: kho tuyen dung, duy
tr va phat trien oi ngu
nhieu loai chuyen gia, Gii
han ve T va C khong cho
phep hoc tap va khac
phuc, thong tin thieu thon,
kinh nghiem nhieu khi
khong hieu qua
22

4. Nhu cau ve quan ly d

an
QUAN LY D AN LA PHNG
PHAP QUAN LY MI NHAM GIAI
QUYET VAN E I VI
1. Nhu cau ve san pham phc tap
2. ap ng nhu cau mi trong
ieu kien han che ve nguon
lc
3. Kien thc con ngi ngay mot
cao
4. Canh tranh oi hoi ap ng
nhanh
5. Moi trng phc tap, thay oi

23

1.2. GII THIEU VE QUAN

LY D AN
1. Quan ly va ky thuat
2. Cac chc nang chung cua
quan ly
3. nh ngha va vai tro cua
quan ly d an
4. Cac chc nang quan ly
trong quan ly d an
5. Cac chc nang ac thu
cua quan ly d an
6. ac iem chung cua quan

24

1. Quan ly va ky thuat
A woman in a hot air balloon realized she was lost.
She reduced altitude and spotted a man below. She
descended a bit more and shouted, "Excuse me, can
you help me? I promised a friend I would meet him an
hour ago but I don't know where I am."
The man below replied, "You're in a hot air balloon
hovering approximately 30 feet above the ground.
You're between 40 and 41 degrees north latitude and
between 59 and 60 degrees west longitude."
"You must be an engineer," said the balloonist.
"I am", replied the man. "How did you know?"
25

1. Quan ly va ky thuat
"Well, answered the balloonist, "everything you told
me is technically correct, but I've no idea what to
make of your information, and the fact is I'm still lost.
Frankly, you've not been much help at all. If anything
you've delayed my trip even more."
The man below responded, "You must be in
management."
"I am," replied the balloonist, "but how did you
know?"
"Well," said the man, "You don't know where you are
or where you're going. You have risen to where you
are due to a large quantity of hot air.
You made a promise which you've no idea how to
keep, and you expect people beneath you to solve26
your problems."

1. Quan ly va ky thuat
Cong viec cua ky
s

Cong viec cua

quan ly

Giam thieu rui ro,

nhan manh tnh
chnh xac va tnh
chat che, khoa
hoc, co gang at
mc o toi u

Nam bat cac rui

ro tnh c, da
vao trc quan, cac
phan oan tren c
s thong tin
thong ke, co
gang lam ung
nhat

S dung mot cach

hieu qua cac
phng phap luan
khoa hoc tren c

Trien khai quyen

lanh ao e RQ
trong nhng ieu
kien khac nhau

27

1. Quan ly va ky thuat
Cong viec cua ky
s

Cong viec cua

quan ly

Giai quyet cac

van e ky thuat,
da chu yeu len
cac ky nang va
nang lc cua ca
nhan

Giai quyet cac

van e gia
con ngi va
ky thuat da
tren viec phoi
hp nang lc
va hanh vi cua
ngi khac

Lam viec chu yeu Lam viec chu

bang nang lc
yeu qua ngi
cua ca nhan
khac

28

1. Quan ly va ky thuat
Cong viec cua ky Cong viec cua
s
quan ly
Ky s trc tiep
thc hien cong
viec

Ngi quan ly
tac ong vao
au ra qua
ngi khac

Nham ti thoa
man ve chnh cong
viec chuyen mon
va thanh tu cua
ca nhan

Nham ti s
hai long ve
ket qua cong
tac cua ngi
khac

Cong viec co ban Co yeu to

chat khoa hoc chnh nghe thuat
xacve the gii t trong the gii

29

1. Quan ly va ky thuat
Chuyen t ky thuat sang quan
ly, ngi ky s phai:
Co cach nhn nhan van e
va xay dng ong c giai
quyet van e mi, yeu
thch nhng thach thc
trong lanh ao
Khai quat cach thc lam
viec, lap ke hoach chi tiet,
nam lay rui ro,va RQ
Lam viec thong qua ngi
khac, trien khai tham

30

2. Cac chc nang chung cua

quan ly
Quan ly la mot qua trnh tng
tac nhom vi cac muc tieu
nhat nh
Ngi quan ly phan au at
c nhng muc tieu cua c
quan thong qua lam viec vi
nhieu ngi.
Ngi quan ly phai thiet lap
moi quan he hu hieu gia con
ngi vi s vat, s viec,
nguyen vat lieu va thong tin..
RQ la cong viec thng xuyen

31

2. Cac chc nang chung cua

quan ly
nh ngha quan ly
Quan l la mot qua trnh lam viec vi
va thong qua ngi khac nham at
c cac muc tieu cua n v trong
mot moi trng co nhieu thay oi.
Trong tam cua qua trnh nay la viec
s dung cac nguon lc b han che
mot cach co nang suat va at
hieu qua.

32

2. Cac chc nang chung cua

quan ly
Moi
trng
thay oi
Lam viec

Moi

thong qua

trng

ngi khac

thay oi

at muc ch
chung cua cty
Can oi nang

S dung toi a

suat va hieu

nguon lc b

qua

han che
33

Quan ly can bang gia hieu

qua-hieu suat

34

2. Cac chc nang chung cua

quan ly
1. LAP KE HOACH: Xac nh muc
tieu va cac phng tien, bien
phap e at muc tieu:
2. TO CHC: Thiet lap cac moi quan
he gia nguon nhan lc va vat
lc sao cho at c cac muc tieu
cho trc
3. TUYEN DUNG: Thiet lap cac v tr
cong tac, quyet nh cac ngha vu
va trach nhiem cho tng v tr
4. GIAM SAT VA CH AO: Hng
dan va ch ao nhan lc, vat lc
nham at c cac muc tieu a
at ra

35

2. Cac chc nang chung cua

quan ly
5. ONG VIEN: Huy ong nguon
nhan lc lam viec vi nang lc
cao nhat, vi ong c lam viec
phu hp nhat e at hieu qua
lam viec cao nhat
6. LANH AO: Khuyen khch loi
cuon nhan lc noi theo cac mau
mc hay tam gng tot mot cach
toan tam toan y
7. KIEM SOAT: kiem soat cac bien
ong trong thc hien so vi ke
hoach va x ly kp thi va
hieu qua cac sai lech nay nham
bao am at c muc tieu a

36

3. nh ngha va vai tro cua

quan ly d an

Quan ly d an la nhng
phng phap quan ly mi
nham tai cau truc va phu hp
hoa cac chc nang va ky
thuat quan ly nham bao am
at c mot c che kiem soat
va s dung cac nguon lc mot
cach hieu qua hn
Quan ly la mot chuoi cac
hoat ong: lap ke hoach, to
chc, dan at va kiem soat
cac nguon lc cua c quan e

37

3. nh ngha va vai tro cua

quan ly d an
Quan ly d an ap dung phng phap
tiep can he thong trong quan ly
thong qua viec phan bo nhan s
chuyen mon t cac phong ban va n
v chc nang (cau truc doc cua cong
ty) cho cac hoat ong d an (cat
ngang cau truc doc hay con goi la
cau truc ngang)
Phng phap tiep can he thong trong
quan ly xac nh:
Muc tieu-tieu ch
Hoat ong (qua trnh)
38
au ra khac vi ket qua

3. nh ngha va vai tro cua

quan ly d an
Kien thc
& thc te
quan ly
d an

Kien thc
& thc te
quan ly
chung
Kien thc
& thc te
chuyen
mon

KIEN THC VE QUAN LY D AN

39

3. nh ngha va vai tro cua

quan ly d an

D AN THIEU QUAN LY D AN
40

3. nh ngha va vai tro cua

quan ly d an

D AN CO QUAN LY D AN
41

4. Cac chc nang quan ly

trong quan ly d an
1. LAP KE HOACH: D an hng ti
muc ch g? Tai sao?
Xay dng muc ch, muc tieu va cac
phng an d an
Xay dng cau truc cong viec cua d
an (WBS)
Xay dng trnh t cua cac cong viec
cua d an va cac moc thc hien c
ban
Lap tien o d an
Lap ke hoach ve cac nguon lc cua
d an
2. TO CHC: Cac ben co lien quan va
42
nhan s la ai va tai sao?

4. Cac chc nang quan ly

trong quan ly d an
2. TO CHC (tiep)
Xac nh chnh sach, qui trnh va
cac ky thuat, cong cu can thiet
cho ban QLDA
Chuan b c cau nhan s va che
o bao cao
Thiet lap cac chuan mc va pham
vi tham quyen va trach nhiem
3. TUYEN DUNG: xac nh nhu cau ve
cac nguon lc vao tng giai oan
cua d an, xac nh nguon cung
cap va tuyen chon
4. GIAM SAT CH AO: Phan cong
43
cong viec, hng dan trien khai

4. Cac chc nang quan ly

trong quan ly d an
5. ONG VIEN: xac nh c che khuyen
khch nhan lc lam viec tot nhat
Xac nh nhu cau cua nhan lc
Xac nh cac yeu to co the khuyen
khch lam viec tot nhat
Cung cap t van va co van can thiet
Xay dng cac bien phap lng thng
can thiet va phu hp
6. LANH AO: ai quyet nh cai g va khi
nao?
Thiet lap gii han oi vi tham
quyen va trach nhiem RQ ve phan
bo nguon lc
44
Xay dng phong cach lanh ao

4. Cac chc nang quan ly

trong quan ly d an
6. ONG VIEN: (tiep)
Chuan b ke hoach tang cng phoi
hp trong ban QLDA
Xay dng c che RQ thong nhat
trong ban QLDA
7. KIEM SOAT
Thiet lap cac tieu chuan anh gia
ve chi ph, yeu cau ky thuat va
tien o
Chuan bo ke hoach s dung cac
bien phap anh gia tien trnh d
an
Thiet lap he thong thong tin trong 45
ban QLDA

5. Cac chc nang ac thu

cua quan ly d an
1.QUAN LY QUI MO: xac nh
muc tieu, cong viec va khoi
lng can thc hien
2.QUAN LY NHAN LC: xac
nh va bao am cung cap
ung va u nguon nhan lc
cho thc hien d an
3.QUAN LY TRAO OI THONG
TIN: xac nh nhu cau ve
thong tin va bao am cac
ben co lien quan c thong
tin va co thong tin ay u
e thc hien d an

46

5. Cac chc nang ac thu

cua quan ly d an
5.QUAN LY CHAT LNG: xac nh
cac yeu cau oi vi chat lng cua
san pham d an va kiem soat
nham bao am at chat lng
6.QUAN LY CHI PH: c tnh chi ph cho
san pham va cho hoat ong cua d
an, kiem soat chi ph song song vi
tien o va chat lng
7.QUAN LY RUI RO: xac nh cac yeu
to rui ro, tac ong cua chung len
hieu qua trien khai, xac nh cac
phng an x ly khac phuc va kiem
soat rui ro trong thc hien
47
8.QUAN LY MUA SAM: Mua sam ung

6. ac iem chung cua quan

ly d an
1.Mot ngi duy nhat, Giam oc d
an lanh ao ban QLDA hoat ong
oc lap vi c cau to chc cua
cong ty me. Ban QLDA la mot to
chc a nang, nh hng thong
nhat va tam thi. Giam oc d
an la trong tam, la au moi duy
nhat e ket hp moi no lc can
thiet e at c muc tieu a
at ra
2.Hoat ong d an luon oi hoi
nhieu loai chuyen mon, nhieu loai
48
nguon lc v vay trong cong ty,

6. ac iem chung cua quan

ly d an
3. Giam oc d an va ban QLDA co
trach nhiem phoi hp chuyen gia
t cac bo phan khac nhau e
thc hien d an
4. Trong noi bo cong ty me, giam
oc d an phai t thoa thuan,
thng thao vi cac phong ban
chc nang ve cac ho tr can
thiet. Trng cac n v phong
ban chc nang chu trach nhiem
ve nhiem vu chuyen mon va
nhan s chuyen mon trong cac
49
cong viec oc lap, con ban

6. ac iem chung cua quan

ly d an
5. Mau thuan luon ton tai trong
thc hien d an do d an nham
ti tao ra mot san pham hay
dch vu hoan toan xac nh trong
pham vi thi gian va chi ph nh
trc, trong khi o nguon lc
chuyen mon c huy ong t
cac bo phan chc nang lai phai
nham ti thoa man cac muc
tieu khac cua n v va cua
cong ty
6. D an co 2 kenh trao oi thong
tin: kenh thong tin doc theo
chc nang chuyen mon va kenh50

6. ac iem chung cua quan

ly d an
7. Chc nang RQ, trach nhiem,
hau qua va phan thng trong
d an c chia se gia ban
QLDA va cac bo phan chuyen
mon
8. Sau khi d an ket thuc, ban
QLDA se giai the, nhan s se
tr lai cac n v chc nang
hay c huy ong cho cac d
an mi
9. D an co the phat sinh t
nhng bo phan khac nhau trong
cong ty. D an phat trien san
pham co the phat sinh t
phong kinh doanh, tiep th, d

51

1.3. CAC DANG QUAN LY D

AN
1. Dang QLDA c ban
2. Quan ly chng trnh
3. Quan ly cac hoat ong th
nghiem (venture)
4. Quan ly san pham
5. Quan ly cac nhom cong
tac ac biet

52

1. QLDA c ban
Giam oc d an c at
ngang hang vi trng cac
bo phan chc nang va
cung bao cao cho lanh ao
cong ty phu trach
G d an co trach nhiem
lap ke hoach, to chc, ch
ao va kiem soat hoan toan
d an t au ti cuoi
Co hai dang to chc: thuan
d an va dang ma tran
ng dung trong cac hoat
ong phc tap tam thi: cac

53

2. Quan ly chng
trnh
Cung nham ti tao ra mot
san pham hay dch vu hoan
toan xac nh trong pham vi TC-CL
Bao gom nhieu d an thanh
phan, co the keo rat dai:
chng trnh ao tao, chng
trnh phat trien may bay
mi.
Giam oc chu trach nhiem
ve ket qua cua cac d an
thanh phan a ket thuc
ao tao va thay the giam
oc chng trnh co the can

54

3. Quan ly hoat ong

th nghiem
La cac d an tm kiem hay
phat trien san pham/dch vu
mi
Muc tieu cua d an la hoan
toan xac nh
oi hoi nhieu loai chuyen
mon
Lay hoat ong mot cach
hieu qua lam trong tam,
san sang thay oi khi can
c to chc tam thi

55

4. Quan ly san pham

G d an c trao tham
quyen cho moi hoat ong t
ieu o, kiem soat ton kho,
phan phoi va ban hang oi
vi 1 san pham
G d an phai phoi hp vi
cac n v chc nang trong
san xuat nham bao am
khong b gian oan
Khi san pham co vong i
keo dai, vai tro G co the
luan phien cho vai ngi

56

5. Quan ly cac nhom

cong tac ac biet
Tai thiet ke cong ty
Mua ban, sat nhap cong ty
Nghien cu khao sat va
anh gia
Cai tien chat lng san
pham, giam chi ph
M rong th trng
Di chuyen va tai lap mat
bang
Tang cng nang lc quan
ly
Thiet lap he thong MIS

57

1.4. MOT SO QUI LUAT

CUA QLDA
1. Cha tng co mot d an u
ln nao a tng hoan tat
ung thi gian trong pham vi
kinh ph vi cung thanh phan
nhan s nh khi no bat au.
D an cua anh ch khong the
la cai au tien khac
2. Cac d an tien trien nhanh
chong cho ti khi at c 90%
khoi lng va c hoan tat
mc o nay mai mai
3. Khi cac muc tieu cua d an
khong c xac nh ro rang
se tranh c s ho then khi

58

1.4. MOT SO QUI LUAT

CUA QLDA
4. Khi moi chuyen ang troi chay
th chnh la luc truc trac co
the xay ra
Khi moi chuyen khong the toi
te hn c na th chnh la
luc chung tr nen rat toi
te
Khi moi chuyen tr nen sang
sua hn th chnh la luc anh
ch bo sot ieu g o
5. Neu noi dung cua d an
c phep thay oi thoai mai

59

1.4. MOT SO QUI LUAT

CUA QLDA
6. Khong co he thong nao hoan
toan mien nhiem vi vi cac
van e. Nhng no lc lam cho
he thong tr nen hoan toan
mien nhiem lam cho kha nang
mien nhiem cua he thong
cang yeu va he thong lai
cang b nguy hiem
7. Mot d an co ke hoach c
lap khong can than se b
keo dai ti 3 lan, con d an
c lap ke hoach het sc t
m ch b cham tien o 2 lan

60

1.5. GIAM OC D AN
Giam oc d an c bo
nhiem ngay sau khi d an c
quyet nh trien khai
Giai oan au (oi vi d an
phat trien cong nghe):
chuyen gia KT-CN cao cap co
the c bo nhiem
Giai oan sau giam oc d an
la ngi co trnh o quan ly
cao
Giam oc d an thng c
bo nhiem ngay t au va ti

61

1.5. GIAM OC D AN
Giam oc d an thng
khong phai la chuyen gia trnh
o cao ve mot lnh vc
chuyen mon nao o cua d
an
Giam oc d an co hieu
biet ve nhieu loai chuyen
mon khac nhau, co kien thc
rong va co nang lc quan
ly, nang lc t duy tong hp
hn la t duy phan tch
Giam oc d an khong can
thiep vao chuyen mon cua
cac bo phan ma ieu phoi

62

1.5. GIAM OC D AN
Ngay ca khi giam oc d an
la chuyen gia trong ung lnh
vc th giam oc d an van
khong can thiep trc tiep vao
cong tac chuyen mon
Giam oc d an ap dung
phng phap tiep can he
thong ie giai quyet 3 van
e:
1. Cai g phai hoan tat?
2. Khi nao phai hoan tat?
3. Bang cach nao co c

63

1.5. GIAM OC D AN
Giam oc d an chu trach
nhiem:
1. Trc cong ty me hay to
chc chu quan
2. Ve ket qua cuoi cung cua
d an
3. Vi cac thanh vien cua
ban QLDA
Giam oc d an ong cac
vai tro sau:
1. Bao am ay u cac
nguon lc can thiet

64

1.5. GIAM OC D AN
Giam oc d an phai thoa
man cac yeu cau sau:
1. Co kinh nghiem, co kha nang
tong hp va can bang yeu
to chu quan ca nhan va t
duy logic
2. Co kien thc chuyen mon
rong
3. Co hieu biet sau sac ve noi
dung ky thuat cua d an
4. Co hieu biet tot ve quan ly,
kinh te, tai chnh, tiep th..
5. Hieu c ban chat thay oi

65

1.5. GIAM OC D AN
Giam oc d an phai thoa
man cac yeu cau sau (tiep):
6. Biet RQ trong ieu kien
thong tin khong ay u
7. Biet anh gia tam quan trong
cua cac muc tieu
8. Co kha nang oi thoai vi
nhieu loai ngi
9. Co cac ky nang: lap tien
o, quan ly thi gian, lap d
toan, c tnh chi ph, thi gian,
tiep th, thng thao, quan ly

66

1.6. YEU TO THANH BAI

CUA D AN
1. Muc tieu cua d an
2. S ung ho cua lanh ao cap
cao
3. Lap ke hoach cua d an
4. Tham van khach hang
5. Van e nhan s d an
6. Van e ky thuat-cong nghe
7. S chap thuan cua khach
hang
8. Kiem soat d an
9. Trao oi thong tin
10.Giai quyet van e

67

1.6. YEU TO THANH BAI

CUA D AN
1. Muc tieu cua d an:
La c s cho ke hoach va
kiem soat hieu qua
SMART: S: cu the (Specific) M:
o c (measurable) A: kha thi
(attainable); R: Thc te
(realistic); T: trong pham vi ve
thi gian nh trc (timebound)
2. S ung ho cua lanh ao cap
cao: can thiet e bao am
ve nguon lc cho d an va
han che cac rui ro phat sinh

68

1.6. YEU TO THANH BAI

CUA D AN
3. Lap ke hoach cua d an: ke
hoach d an trien khai cac hoat
ong di tac ong cua nhieu
yeu to bat nh nham at c
muc tieu nh trc phai co tnh
ong, thc hien lien tuc trong
suot qua trnh trien khai
4. Tham van khach hang: Mot d
an ap ng muc tieu thi gian
va chi ph nhng khong thoa man
c ngi s dung la khong
co hieu qua. Tuy nhien nhu cau
cua ngi s dung co the cha 69
ro rang trong giai oan au va

1.6. YEU TO THANH BAI

CUA D AN
5. Van e nhan s d an: to
chc, thai o, ao c va
quan he gia cac thanh vien
ban QLDA la mot thanh phan
rat quan trong trong thanh
cong cua d an khi muc tieu
cua d an phai la muc tieu
chung
6. Cac van e ky thuat-cong
nghe: nang lc ky thuat va
chuyen mon cua cac thanh
vien va cac nguon lc KT-CN
can thiet va kp thi cho cac

70

1.6. YEU TO THANH BAI

CUA D AN
7. S chap thuan cua khach
hang: s chap thuan cuoi
cung cua khach hang anh
gia tnh hieu qua cua d an.
Tham van hieu qua trong qua
trnh trien khai la mot c s
quan trong cho s chap thuan
nay
8. Kiem soat d an: theo doi
lien tuc tien trnh d an,
phat hien kp thi cac phat
sinh bat li, x ly hieu qua
va tham ch cap nhat hay thay

71

1.6. YEU TO THANH BAI

CUA D AN
9. Trao oi thong tin: Tnh ong
trong hoat ong cua d an
va tac ong cua d an oi
vi cac ben co lien quan
yeu cau phai co he thong
trao oi thong tin hu hieu
va kp thi
10.Giai quyet van e: Ban chat
cua quan ly d an la giai
quyet cac van e trong lap
ke hoah cung nh trong trien
khai. Giai quyet van e hieu
qua la ieu kien can thiet

72

BAI TAP SO 1
XAC NH D AN
Moi nhom sinh vien c giao
thong tin ve mot van e/c
hoi trong doanh nghiep hay trong
phat trien kinh te.
Da tren thong tin c giao, moi
nhom se nghien cu, tm hieu
va lap van ban xac nh d
an
Noi dung trong tai lieu
73