Professional Documents
Culture Documents
May 7
Teacher: Xuyin
Teacher: Yi Li
Yuan
May 12
Teacher:
Lixiao Ni
May 14
Teacher:
Xiaodong Liu
May 19
Teacher:
Yixian Song
Advance in
water resource
Managements
Soil
characteristics
and soil
pollution
Advance in
wastewater
treatment
Water
environmental
model and
inverse
problem
May 26
Teacher:
Songhe Zhang
May 28
Teacher: Jing
Zhang
June 2
Teacher:
Deqiang Chen
June 4
Teacher:
Yiping Li
June 9
Teacher:
Jingyu Huang
Advance in
aquatic
toxicology
Advance in
water
treatment
Advance in
environmental
microbiology
Water
diversion
Monitoring of
trace organic
matter
May 21
Teacher: Yong
Guo
Applicant of
Application of
isotopes in
photocatalysis
environmental
in environment
tracer study
Outline
Background
Present Situation of wastewater reuse in China
Past History of wastewater reuse in China
Future Optimization for wastewater reuse in China
Issues on wastewater reuse refining and recommendations
1. Background
Water crisis in china (By 2010)
Two-thirds of 669 cities in China have water shortages
More than 40 % of rivers are severely polluted and 80 % of lakes suffer from eutrophication
Water consumption per unit of Gross Domestic Product is three times the world average
About 300 million rural residents lack access to safe drinking water
The rapid development of industrialization and urbanization and natural water distribution
significantly aggravates Chinas water crisis
1. Background
The way for alleviating water shortage
Water diversion South-to-North water diversion, Yangtze-Taihu Water Diversion
Development of unconventional water resources Wastewater reuse, Desalination
Wastewater reuse
City miscellaneous
regeneration
wastewater
unconventional
water resource
Conventional
treatment
River feeding
Industry utilization
Others
2.Present
Situation of wastewater reuse
in China
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Sh Jia Zh An Fu Jian Sh He Hu Hu Gu Gu Ha Cho Sic Gu Yu Sha Ga Qin Nin Xi
Be Ti He Ti Ne Lia Jil He
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Beijing
Shandong
Liaoning
Guangdong
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Sh Jia Zh An Fu Jian Sh He Hu Hu Gu Gu Ha Cho Sic Gu Yu Sha Ga Qin Nin Xi
Be Ti He Ti Ne Lia Jil He
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Groundwater recharge
Industry
Irrigation
City
miscellaneous
River feeding
The Southwest
Eastern China
China
343
Mostly included in wastewater
treatment plants
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Sh Jia Zh An Fu Jia Sh He Hu Hu Gu Gu Ha Ch Sic Gu Yu Sh Ga Qi Nin Xi
Be Ti He Ti Ne Lia Jil He
11
Shandong
Liaoning
Beijing
Shanxi
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Sh Jia Zh An Fu Jia Sh He Hu Hu Gu Gu Ha Ch Sic Gu Yu Sh Ga Qi Nin Xi
Be Ti He Ti Ne Lia Jil He
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12
Coagulation and
sedimentation
Filtration
Biofilter
Membrane
treatment
Ozonation
Disinfection
Others
13
Coagulation and
sedimentation
Filtration
Biofilter
Membrane
treatment
Ozonation
Disinfection
Others
14
14
Proportion
%
Traditional process
lime-base process
ActifloTM
Deep Bed filtration
rotating disc filtration
Cloth-base filtration
Disc filtration
biological aerated filter
denitrifying biofilter
Active
sand
denitrification filter
microfiltration
ultrafiltration
nanofiltration
reverse osmosis
MBR
221
48
14
170
9
25
14
34
10
64.4
14.0
4.1
49.6
2.6
7.3
4.1
9.9
2.9
2.0
28
10
4
13
23
8.2
2.9
1.2
3.8
6.7
Ozonation
57
16.6
liquid chlorine
NaClO
ClO2
UV
O3
139
44
61
87
24
40.5
12.8
17.8
25.4
7.0
New thehnologies
69
20.1
Technologies
Coagulation
sedimentation
283, 82.5%
Filtration
218, 63.6%
Biofilter
51, 14.9%
Membrane
treatment 78,
22.7%
Ozonation
57, 16.6%
Disinfection
343, 100.0%
Others
69, 20.1%
15
3.Past
History of wastewater reuse in
China
16
Wastewater reuse
was
first
time
included in the
national
science
and
technology
programs by the
Ministry
of
Construction
(dissolved) .
Demonstration stage
1986~2000
The Seventh
Five-Year
Plan period
The Eighth
Five-Year Plan
period
The Ninth
Five-Year Plan
period
Developing stage
2001~Now
The Tenth
Five-Year Plan
period
The Eleventh
Five-Year Plan
period
Technology and
Demonstration of Wastewater
Resourcization
Key Technology of urban
wastewater reuse for
landscape environment
17
A bench-scale test on
wastewater reclamation
were carried out in
Dalian. It was the first
attempt involving the
improved quality of
reclaimed water in
China
1957
1972
1983
1984
Eighth
1991-1995
Ninth
1996-2000
Projects
Reclaimed wastewater
was used for industries in
Tianjin.
Reclaimed wastewater
was used for groundwater
recharge in Beijing.
Policies
A trial implementation of
reclaimed wastewater was
promulgated in Beijing in
1987. first local regulation
Interim Measures of
Urban Reclaimed Water
Facilities Management was
promulgated in 1995. first
national regulation
Encouragement of
wastewater reuse was
included in Jiangsu Water
Resources Management
Regulations in 1997.
Standards
19
Eleventh
2006-2010
Projects
Policies
Figure 1 Contributions of different time periods on wastewater reuse scales and ratios in
China, 2002-2015. A: Northern China, B: Northeast, C: Eastern China, D: Central China,
E: Southwest, F: Southern China, G: Northwest, H: China. a: increase of wastewater
reuse scale, b: increase of wastewater reuse ratio.
21
Northern China is the China's most water-stressed region with 647.51 cubic meters per
capita water resources per year. Reclaimed wastewater as the regional secondary water
resource has been increasing in the past ten years. Although the ratio of wastewater reuse
would slightly reduce in the next five years (i.e. form 59.74 % to 46.76 %), it is much
higher that the goal of Twelfth Five-Year Plan (15%).
22
Agricultural irrigation and scenic environment were the main pattern of wastewater reuse
before 2002 in Northeast, Eastern China, Central China, and Southern China. With the
rapid development of wastewater collection and treatment, as well as establishment of
national reclaimed wastewater quality requirements for farmland irrigation and scenic
environment, the ratio of wastewater reuse had been steadily decreasing in the past 10
years.
23
Southwest is the most water-rich region in China with more than 3000 cubic meters per
capita water resources per year. However, the regional wastewater reuse ratio (4.07 %) is
higher than those in Central China (1.41 %), and Southern China (0.91 %). This is due to
sufficient of policies and regulations on the encouragement of wastewater reuse were
promulgated by the regional governments.
24
4.Future
Optimization for wastewater
reuse in China
26
economy
Pollutants
reduction
reuse
trade
-off
f
trade-of
Wastewater
water
resources
augmenting
Wenlong Zhang, Environ. Sci. Technol, 2013, 48(2), 1094-1102 (SCI, IF:5.481)
28
Methodology
Physical constraints
Generate initial population
S1
Objective functions
6
Min F11(Qjj) =
F1 (Q j ) TC j
Max F33(Qjj) = F3 (Q j ) Q j
j 1
Non-dominated solutions
(Qj) in the first level
population Pi (t);
End loop
Q6
D1
D2
D6
Q3
Q4
Q5
j 1
6
Q2
j 1
Q1
Max F22(Qjj) = F (Q ) 6 ( Pd Ps ) * Q
j
2
j
j
j
S2
No
D1 Va Av Ev
D3+4
D5
D2 Ce Ee K e
D3 4 Ag K g Eg Tg Ar K r Er Ac K c Ec
D5 k1Vd
D6 Rw
S1 b1Wd b2Wi
S2 b1Wd
Q1+Q2+Q3+Q6 S1
Q4+Q5 S2
Qj 0, j = 1~6
Yes
End
29
Statistical
reports:
literature investigation:
related
technical
parameters
on
wastewater reuse
30
The solution reddened is selected as the best solution with the wastewater
reuse scale of 984.27 MCM and BOD5 reduction of 9585.18 tons, and
31
economic profit of 610.36 million RMB Yuan
during
wastewater
reuse
expanding in Beijing.
Beijing Jingcheng reclaimed water co.,
Ltd sold approximate 500 MCM of
reclaimed wastewater but lost more
than 30 MRY in 2007.
32
The solution reddened is selected as the best solution with the wastewater
reuse scale of 1.28 BCM and BOD5 reduction of 12800 tons, and economic
33
profit of 0.72 billion RMB Yuan
reclaimed
wastewater
Beijing
Jiangsu
For the regions suffering from quantity-related water scarcity reclaimed wastewater should be
intensively used in municipal, domestic, and recreative sectors, while for the regions suffering
from quality-related water scarcity reclaimed wastewater should be focused on industrial
users.
35
Million m3
Tons