Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CONTRIBUTIONS OF WOMEN
TO HEALTH AND THE HEALTH SECTOR
THE LANCET HSPH COMMISSION ON WOMEN AND
HEALTH LAUNCH
Women and Health Initiative,
Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health
June 5, 2015
Outline
Social, labor market, and
economic transitions
The framework: myriad contributions of
women to health and the health sector
Methods and data
The economic value of womens
contributions to health and the health sector
1950
2010
10
8
6
4
2
0
United States
Argentina
Uruguay
Guyana
Canada
Dominican Rep.
Panama
Men
Jamaica
Ecuador
Paraguay
Trinidad & T.
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Colombia
300
Peru
Costa Rica
Guatemala
Honduras
Venezuela
Brazil
Mexico
200
100
1990
60
2000
2011
40
20
Engineers
Architects
Lawyers
Physicians
40
30
Canada
Czech
Republi
c
Denmark
20
Israel
Portugal
United
Kingdom
United States
2012
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
10
1980
60
47
801
1901 - 1921
1921 - 1940
1941 - 1960
1961 - 1980
1981 - 2000
11
2001 - 2014
17
Men
MEN
Domestic work
20
Rest and
relaxation
Work outside
of the home
9
56
WOMEN
d
n
a n?
t
s tio
e
R xa
la
e
r
41
41
42
Outline
Social, labor market, and economic
transitions
Project components
1. Literature review valuing unpaid work of women
2. Framework, strategy and methodology to account for the
many contributions of women to health and the health
sector, including catalytic contributions through cases
3. Detailed study of Mexico, Turkey, Peru, Canada and Spain
of paid and unpaid work
4. Collection of time use survey data for 32 countries: 52% of
the global population including China and India
5. Global projections of value of:
a.
b.
Private
Health sector
PAID BUT
Health- in another
OFTEN
sectors
UNDERVALUED In the homes of others
UNPAID
Volunteer work and
AND / OR
community service
UNDERVALUED
Outline
Social, labor market, and economic
transitions
The framework: myriad contributions of
women to health and the health sector
Data
Canada, Spain, Turkey, Mexico and Peru
Time Use Surveys
Employment Surveys
27 countries: Published reports of results of
Time Use Surveys
World Development Indicators, World Bank
Minimum wages as reported by the ILO
Outline
Social, labor market and economic transition of
women
PAID:
51.2%
UNPAID:4
8.8%
2.43%
2.85%
$1.54
$1.81
Unpaid
Wages reported
in the survey
Lower bound
0
2.35%
2.47%
$1.49
$1.56
2.27%
2.17%
$1.44
$1.38
20
40
Paid
60
3.5
1.8
Unpaid
Minimum Wage
2.35
1.1
2.47
2.47
Paid
Paid
Unpai
d
Unpaid
Canad
a
4
% GDP
4.2
Spain
Turkey
1.8
2
1.6
1.3
0
0.4
0.4
Canada
Spain
Turkey
0.7
Mexic
o
0.9
Peru
0.3
Mexico
0.2
Peru
Paid
Unpaid/
paid
Adjusted by social
Benefits package
and sex differences
Wages reported
in the survey
Canada
1.6
Spain
1.3
Turkey 0.40.4
Mexico
1.6
Peru
0.3
0.7
0.2
6.2
2.9
Canada
Spain
Turkey
Mexico
Peru
1.8
2.1
0.9 0.9
3.1
2.2
0.50.5
10
3.13
3.12
1.83
1
0
Lower
income
High
income
Women's Contributions
to Health and the Economy - the choice:
Do we aspire to a Virtuous or a Vicious Cycle
Vicious Cycle
Virtuous Cycle
Healthy women invest
time effectively in
producing health and
preventing disease
More health is
produced for men,
women and children
Unhealthy women
invest time ineffectively
in an attempt to prevent
disease and loss of life
Unhealthy, poor,
More equal
disenfranchised
opportunitie
women produce
s
Children learn
less health care
better and adults
are more
productive
Less
health for
men,
women
and
children
Unhealthy children
learn less and
adults are less
productive
Suboptimal
development
of human
capital
Inequality of
opportunities
More
poverty
Less money to
invest in health
and human
development
Reduced
economic
growth
Unhealthy children
learn less and adults
are less productive
Less
education
Inequality of
opportunities
Unhealthy, poor,
disenfranchised women
produce less health care
More
poverty
Less money to
invest in health and
human development
More equitable
opportunities
Poverty
reduction
More economic
growth means more
money to invest in
health and human
development
More health is
produced for men,
women and children
Children learn
better and adults
are more
productive
June 5, 2015