CHINA


CHINA FLAG

CHINA COAT OF ARMS
INTRODUCTION
 Capital : Beijing
 Official name: Peoples republic of China
 Currency: Yuan
 Languages: Chinese,Mandarin
 Other Languges: Cantonese,Hakka
 Religion: Confucianism,Taoism, and Buddhism
 Climate : Extremes - from North to South


 Health and Education
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 73.47 years
lliteracy:

china: 90%
lprimary school enrollment = 98.58%
lCompletion rate = 75%
Education expenditures:
1.9% of GDP (1999)

Total fertility rate:

1.79 children born/woman (2009 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):

total: 11 years
male: 11 years
female: 11 years (2008)
l
 CULTURE
 It is a nation which is 'cultured'. Dating back to 5000
years and more.


 China boasts of one of the richest and the most

diverse heritage.


 The Culture of China is a consolidated phrase.



 For such a large nation, the Chinese have proved

quite a united race.



 CULTURE
 They have shared the same language.


 The art of calligraphy is also an important part of the

culture of China.

 everyone across the planet has had a taste of the
sumptuous Chinese cuisine.

 GEOGRAPHY
vChina is a very diverse land including deserts, mountains and
fertile river basins.

vWestern China is mountains with the

Himalaya, Tian and Pamir ranges.

vWestern China also has a large desert.

Central China consists of mountainous
regions.
v
vRivers also play a major role
in China, both for transportation
and for irrigation
v
 GEOGRAPHY OF CHINA
Location:


 Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea,
and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam

Land boundaries:


 total: 22,117 km
 border countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km, India
3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km, Kyrgyzstan 858 km,
Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4,677 km, Nepal 1,236 km, Pakistan 523 km, Russia
(northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40 km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam
1,281 km
 regional borders: Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km


Climate:


 extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north


Natural resources:


 coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony,
manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc,
uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest)


Land use:
 arable land: 14.86%

 permanent crops: 1.27%

 other: 83.87% (2005)


Irrigated land:
 545,960 sq km (2003)

Total renewable water resources:



 2,829.6 cu km (1999)

Area:


 total: 9,596,961 sq km

 country comparison to the world: 4

 land: 9,569,901 sq km

 water: 27,060 sq km
Population:

People Of China
 1,338,612,968 (July 2009 est.)


Age structure:


 0-14 years: 19.8% (male 140,877,745/female 124,290,090)

 15-64 years: 72.1% (male 495,724,889/female 469,182,087)

 65 years and over: 8.1% (male 51,774,115/female 56,764,042) (2009 est.)

Population growth rate:



 0.655% (2009 est.)

Birth rate:


 14 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)

 Death rate:


 7.06 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.)

Urbanization:


 urban population: 43% of total population (2008)

Religions:
Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2%
note: officially atheist (2002 est.)

Languages:
Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue
(Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese),
Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry)

Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 90.9%
male: 95.1%
female: 86.5% (2000 census)

Education expenditures:
1.9% of GDP (1999)
country comparison to the world: 170
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid
fever
vectorborne diseases: Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever
soil contact disease: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS)
animal contact disease: rabies
Country name:
 GOVERNMENT
 conventional long form: People's Republic of China
 conventional short form: China


Government type:


 Communist state


Administrative divisions:


 23 provinces
 5 autonomous regions
 4 municipalities
 National holiday:
 Anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October (1949)


Constitution:


 most recent promulgation 4 December 1982 with amendments in 1988 and 1993
 PSYCHOGRAPHICS
 Business people prefer developing friendships and long
term relationships


 Hofsted:
 China high context society
 High Power Distance
 Collectivist rather than individualistic.

 Other cultural differences that must be understood (for
example, where building entrance is, marketing
material that works, and other cultural details.

 Transportation:
 Air-- over two hundred airports. Service available from both local domestic
carriers and most international airlines.

 Ocean-- Large number of ports and harbors handling booming export trade.
Served by most international shippers.

 Inland Waterways-- Well travelled by almost every kind of boat imaginable.

 Roads and Highways-- Of 1.2m kilometers, about 80% are unpaved. Most
highways less than modern and in need of major investment.

 Rail-- A major means of transportation with over 62500kilometers of track,
mostly standard gage.

 Subway-- exists in the largest cities. Generally, insufficient to handle
current and future population.

 MAJOR INDUSTRIES
vMajor crops include wheat and rice. Fishing is also a
major industry along the coasts.
v
v
vChina has considerable natural resources
including coal, lead, zinc, copper, tungsten and
gold.
v
v
vChina also has considerable oil reserves
ATTRACTIONS
 1 . The great wall - BeIjing
BADALING

Badaling Great Wall lies in Yanqing County in Beijing and stands

on the ridge of infinite steep mountains. There are two high
peaks, generally called the south high peak and the north high
peak. The highest point is about 1,000 meters above sea level.

 The base of the wall was made of

granite and lump of soil and the top
was paved with square bricks.
 The great wall averages 7.8 meters in
height and is 6.5 meters wide at
the base and 5.7 meters at the top.
 On both sides of the road there are
dwarf walls called "parapet wall”.



 2 . THE FORBIDDEN CITY

There is a world famous architecture in the center of Beijing. It has
thousands of splendid rooms and magnificent towers.

 The largest, best-preserved, mass

group of palaces in China is
found here.
 Entering the Forbidden City
through Wu Gate (Wumen),
there is a square. This is the
first square in the Forbidden
City. A belt-shaped artificial
river runs through the square
from west to east. It is the
Golden Water River.


 3. THE BUND
 The Bund got its name from a
desolate beach outside the
old Shanghai City.
 The east side of the Bund is right
next to the Huangpu River.
 To the west of the Bund, there
are group of 52 buildings
standing in various styles,
Gothic, Baroque, Rome,
Renaissance, Classic and the
combination of Eastern and
Western style.
 The Bund is like "an exhibition of
buildings".
 4.YELLOW MOUNTAIN
It is also known as Mt. Huangshan.
Yellow Mountain is well-known all over the world for its four
scenic spots - pine forrest, strange stone, cloud sea and hot
spring.
 It is one of famous
mountains in China.
 The scenic spots are :the
Ciguang Pavilion between
the thick forest and tall
bamboo, and the
Banshan Temple with
quiet environment
situated between the
Laoren Peak and the
Zhusha Peak.
 5 . POTALA PALACE
The symbol of Tibet is located in Lhasa, on top of the
Red Mountain, at an altitude of 3700 meters.
This was the main residence of the spiritual leader of
Tibetan Buddhism, the Dalai Lama.
 The whole complex is 13
stories high and
contains about 1000
rooms.
 It contains a seminary, a
printing workshop,
living quarters, shrines,
reliquary monuments,
and an assembly hall
for the monks.
 6 . LI RIVER
The Li River is located in Guangxi Province.
The scenery of Guilin is the best in the world, and
Yangshuo's scenery is the best in Guilin."

 On both sides of its bank are

numerous wonderful sights,
such as blue water circling
the mountains, odd peaks
reflected in the water,
waterfalls flying down from
the mountains.
 The Li River is a pearl among
the beautiful landscapes in
China.
How China Compares
Column1 Mexico Canada U.S China
Institutions 69 21 27 80
Infrastructure 64 13 12 60
Macroeconomy 54 32 69 6
Health and Primary 41 2 40 55
Education

Higher Education and 71 17 5 77

Training

Market Efficiency 48 7 2 56

Technological 56 17 8 75
Readiness
Business 52 18 8 65
Sophistication
Innovation 58 13 2 46
INSTITUTIONS
Mexico Canada U.S China
Institutions 69 21 27 80

lINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS

lSOFTWARE PIRACY
lPRODUCTION OF KNOCK OFFS

lCORRUPTION

lMore widespread than US and Canada.

lDiffers from Mexico.
lSome points arguable on a cultural basis

lCONTROLLED BANKING SYSTEM

Development Strategies
 China has a more focused development
strategy than Mexico
 Industrial Policies are being implemented at
the sub national level
 Regional markets supplement national ones,
and can reduce the pressures from global
competition
 INNOVATION
lChina is still focused on low cost production versus innovation.
l

lHowever, with the increasing number of highly educated Chinese

citizens studying abroad and in China, and several government
initiatives, in addition the technology being transferred through the
high number of foreign subsidiaries, this is bound to change.
lHigh level of exports.

lHighly
MARKET EFFICIENCY
competitive environment in manufacturing sector aimed at exports.

lCorruption and bribery

lNeed the right connections to start a business, compete and can

get favorable treatment.

lAnti-trust laws need

lLarge pay disparity between industries and despite laws, work conditions
are less than suitable.
l
 TECHNOLOGICAL READINESS
Benefits from the technology brought over by foreign companies.
l Benefits from the technology brought over by foreign companies.

lHowever, production machinery and equipment used in local firms tend to

be old

lInformation technology uptake in Chinese firms lagging.

 BUSINESS SOPHISTICATION
lDespite reforms, China’s business environment is still difficult.

lChinese consumers are becoming more sophisticated.

lStill, China is focused on manufacturing while most crucial strategic

decisions by companies are taken overseas.

l
 MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW

GDP (purchasing power parity):
 $8.767 trillion (2009 est.)
 GDP - real growth rate:
 8.4% (2009 est.)
 GDP - per capita (PPP):
 $6,500 (2009 est.)
 GDP - composition by sector:
 agriculture: 10.9%
 industry: 48.6%
 services: 40.5% (2009 est.)
 Investment (gross fixed):
 42.6% of GDP (2009 est.)

 MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW
Inflation rate (consumer prices):



-0.8% (2009 est.)
Budget:


 revenues: $972.3 billion

 expenditures: $1.137 trillion (2009 est.)
Oil - production:


 3.795 million bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil - consumption:


 7.999 million bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil - exports:


 388,000 bbl/day (2007 est.)



 CURRENT ACCOUNT


 Current account balance: $296.2 billion (2009est.)

Exports: $1.194 trillion (2009 est.)
Imports: $921.5 billion (2009 est.)


CHALLENGE: GDP Does not Benefit
All
China Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate: 4% (2009 est.)
Why is China gaining US market
share over Mexico?
 China has a lower-cost producer
. overall (labor costs
lower, but not transport & tariffs);

 huge scale economies;
 coherent and multidimensional upgrading strategy –
diversify and add high value activities.
 use direct foreign investment to promote “fast
learning” in new industries
 use access to its domestic market to attract TNCs
and promote knowledge spillovers.
 Foreign capital in China's national
economic development

 By the end of 2007, China's foreign-invested companies

had exceeded ten thousand, and that year alone,
actually utilized FDI totaled $74.8 billion dollars
(national standard data reference)


 country attracting the most FDI among the developing

world for 15 consecutive years


 China not only expands the FDI scale but also optimizes its
structure
Foreign capital in China's national
economic development
 Utilization of foreign capital has a visible impact on China's technological
advance


 Import and export of foreign-invested companies has greatly promoted

China's  foreign trade


 Utilization of foreign capital creates numerous job opportunities



 Foreign-invested companies promote China's industrial process



 Foreign-invested companies have become China's indispensable source

of tax


 Utilization of foreign capital promotes the optimization of China's

China Trade Roundup
CHINA’S EXPORT
CHINA’S IMPORT
 Most Recent Developments:

 On October 22, 2009, the Chinese government announced

that third quarter GDP had risen by 8.9% on a year-on-
year basis.


 On October 21, 2009, a Chinese banking official warned

that easy money policies could cause property and stock
bubbles.


 On October 15, 2009, the Chinese government announced

that FDI in China in September had risen by 18.9% year-
on-year.
 The government also reported that foreign exchange
reserves had risen to $2.27 trillion.

 UPCOMING EVENTS
 24 - 25 Mar 10 6th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2010 in
Shanghai

 25 - 26 Mar 10 2nd Annual World Shipbuilding Summit 2010 in
Shanghai

 29 - 31 Mar 10 Mines and Money 2010 in Hong Kong

 8 - 9 Apr 10 China Clean Coal Summit 2010 in Beijing

 12 - 13 Apr 10 8th Coaltrans China in Beijing

 10 - 12 May 10 3rd International Coal and Mining Machinery,
Technology and Equipment Expo in Beijing

 11 - 13 May 10 Shanghai Tube Expo & Shanghai Pipe Fittings