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Quality Control Techniques in Manufacturing

This document discusses quality control in manufacturing. It covers establishing standards and specifications, inspecting materials and products to ensure they meet standards, using statistical techniques like sampling to determine if quality is under control, and using measuring instruments for objective quality comparisons. It describes organizing quality control under an inspection department and their responsibilities. Key aspects of inspection, standards, statistical techniques, and measuring instruments used are defined. The document also includes a case study example of a company that implemented a quality assurance program unsuccessfully and questions to analyze what went wrong and how to improve the situation.

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551 views21 pages

Quality Control Techniques in Manufacturing

This document discusses quality control in manufacturing. It covers establishing standards and specifications, inspecting materials and products to ensure they meet standards, using statistical techniques like sampling to determine if quality is under control, and using measuring instruments for objective quality comparisons. It describes organizing quality control under an inspection department and their responsibilities. Key aspects of inspection, standards, statistical techniques, and measuring instruments used are defined. The document also includes a case study example of a company that implemented a quality assurance program unsuccessfully and questions to analyze what went wrong and how to improve the situation.

Uploaded by

Inbalid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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  • Introduction to Quality Control: Introduces the concept of Quality Control and its significance in the manufacturing process.
  • Quality in Manufacturing: Explains the factors affecting quality in manufacturing and the importance of addressing variables.
  • Scope of Quality Control: Covers the key components of Quality Control including standards, inspection, statistical techniques, and measuring instruments.
  • Organization of Quality Control: Describes the structure and responsibilities within a Quality Control department.
  • Standards and Specifications: Discusses the setting and relevance of quality standards and specifications in manufacturing.
  • Inspection Procedures: Details the inspection processes used to ensure product quality and safeguard standards.
  • Statistical Techniques: Introduces statistical methods applied in quality control to ensure consistent product quality.
  • Measuring Instruments: Covers the types and roles of measuring instruments used in precision quality control.
  • Case Study: Quality at Wanabetcha Company: Presents a company case study focusing on quality issues and improvement strategies.
  • Visual Aids and Diagrams: Includes visual aids such as control charts and equipment photographs to enhance understanding of quality measures.

QUALITY CONTROL

Chapter 13

FERLYN GRACE TAMAYO


PAUL DAVID QUEZON

QUALITY IN MANUFACTURING
STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
INSPECTION
STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

QUALITY IN MANUFACTURING
Any manufacturing process introduces variables which affect the
excellence of the end product. These variables are result from the
application of materials, workers, machines, and manufacturing
conditions.

SCOPE OF QUALITY CONTROL

Standards and specifications that establish the quality


objectives to be measured or evaluated.

Inspection of materials, parts, and products to compare them


against the established standards and to separate good quality
from bad.

Statistical techniques, including sampling, analysis, and


charting, to indicate whether or not quality is under control.

Measuring instruments or inspection devices used for


objective and measurable comparison of actual quality against
the established standards.

ORGANIZATION OF QUALITY
CONTROL
The administration of quality control in most companies
rests with the inspection department.

STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS


TOLERANCES

Chance Variables

Assignable Variables

SETTING OF STANDARDS
Quality standards should be reasonable, measurable,
available, and understandable.

INSPECTION

To segregate defective goods and thus ensure that


the customers receive only goods of adequate quality.

To locate flaws in the raw material or in the


processing of that material which will cause trouble at
subsequent operations.

INSPECTION RESPONSIBILITY
Authority to pass or reject raw material, purchased parts,
in-process material, and finished products is vested in the
inspection department.

INSPECTION PRACTICES

CONTROL RAW MATERIALS AND PURCHASED PARTS

LOCATE IN-PROCESS INSPECTION STRATEGICALLY

CHECK END-PRODUCT QUALITY

PLANT THE INSPECTION OPERATIONS

INSPECT FOR DEFECTS PROMPTLY

RELATE AMOUNT OF INSPECTION TO THE DEGREE OF QUALITY

CONTROL INSPECTION OUTPUT AND ACCURACY

SET UP A PROCEDURE FOR HANDLING BORDERLINE MATERIAL

MAKE USE OF INSPECTION RECORDS

STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES

FUNDAMENTALS OF STATISTICAL CONTROL

ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING

LIMITATIONS OF SAMPLING

CONTROL CHARTS

MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
Measuring instruments furnish the means for performing
delicate and exacting inspections required in todays
precision manufacturing.

TYPES OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

ELECTRONIC INSPECTION DEVICES

INDUSTRIAL RADIOGRAPHY

ULTRASONICS

MAGNETIC TESTING DEVICES

CONTROL OF MEASURING DEVICES


All measuring devices, whether used as work, inspection, or
master gages must be under systematic inventory control and
undergo periodic inspection.

Case 13C: Quality at Wanabetcha Company


The Wanabetcha Company recently discovered that the costs due to the shipment of
defective items had risen to an alarming level. To remedy the situation, they decided to
implement a Quality Assurance Program (QAP). Previously, all inspection was done by
workers on their own work. Since none of the present employees or managers had any
formal education in quality assurance they decided to compose the QAP team of recent
college graduates.
When the team was formed, the companys president told them he expected the
percentage of defective items being produced to be halved within 1 month. With this
formidable introduction the team went to work.
Problems, however, began to plague the program immediately. Conflicts arose
between the inspectors and the workers. Some of the older employees felt they were
being insulted whenever a quality problem was traced to work. This resentment often
resulted in their work deteriorating further rather than improving. Other workers felt
they were being wrongly accused of short workmanship. Some even accused the
inspectors of actually making defects in their work so that they could claim they had
found a problem spot and look good in the eyes of the QAP managers.
Monitoring reports after the first month showed that the quality level had actually
worsen. Management felt that perhaps they had introduced the quality assurance
program improperly.

QUESTIONS:
1. What errors do you feel the Wanabetcha
Company made in this implementation?
2. What remedial actions would you take to
improve the present situation?

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