NUKLEOTIDA

Dr. I Dewa Ayu Susilawati, drg. M. Kes

A nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase

(nitrogenous base), a five-carbon sugar, and
one to three phosphate groups

 NUCLEOTIDE
* make up the structural units of RNA and DNA
* play central roles in metabolism, they serve
as sources of chemical energy:
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and
guanosine triphosphate (GTP),
* participate in cellular signaling:
cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and
cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP),
cofactors of enzymatic reactions: coenzyme A
(CoA), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD),
flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
(NADP)

 Mononucletide
ATP, GTP, ADP, AMP,
dll
Dinucleotide
FAD, NAD
Polynucleotide
DNA, RNA

nucleobase = nitrogenous base=

basa nitrogen
* adenin
* guanin
* timin
* cytosin
* uracil
* nicotinamide
* flavin

BASA NITROGEN: PURIN &

PIRIMIDIN
A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound,
consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring

BASA NITROGEN: NICOTINAMIDE

Nicotinamide = niacinamide =nicotinic acid amide,

is the amide of nicotinic acid (vitamin B3 / niacin).
Nicotinamide is a water-soluble vitamin and is part of the
vitamin B group. Nicotinic acid, also known as niacin

BASA NITROGEN:
FLAVIN

FLAVIN: A ketone, C10H6N4O2, act as coenzymes of

flavoprotein.

five-carbon sugar (ribosa)

Ribose and its related compound, deoxyribose, are the
building blocks of the backbone chains in nucleic acids.
Ribose and deoxyribose are classified as
monosaccharides, aldoses, pentoses, and are reducing
sugars

Ribose

Deoxyribose

cAMP & cGMP

Polinukleotid

Sintesis Purin

Sintesis Pirimidin

Degradasi nukleosid asam urat

(katabolisme purin)

Katabolisme Pirimidin

Schematic overview of pyrimidine de novo synthesis, salvage and

degradation.
Nucleotides synthesized de novo enter the nucleotide pool and become
further converted to nucleic acids and other metabolic intermediates.
Breakdown of nucleotides to uridine and uracil may lead to complete
degradation or the resynthesis of UMP in the salvage pathway. Increased
activity of URH in overexpressor mutants leads to marked stimulation of
pyrimidine degradation but not of salvage pathway activity or de novo

PR: ASAM URAT

Uric Acid
uric acid is a normal constituent of the human
body. Ordinarily about one-third of the uric acid in
our system comes from food, especially foods like
those noted earlier that are rich in purines. The
rest we produce ourselves through ordinary
metabolism.
These classical signs of inflammation, together
with sudden and extreme pain, strongly suggest an
acute attack of gout. The diagnosis is confirmed by
laboratory finding of uric acid crystals in fluid taken
from the affected joint.