CRYSTALLINE AND

NON-CRYSTALLINE
MATERIALS

WHAT IS CRYSTALLINE SOLID

What is crystalline solid ?

Four types of crystalline solid :

>Ionic solids
Structure: NaCl

Other example: MgO, CaF2, LiCl, CaCl2.

*it is usually made up of Alkali or Alkali Earth Metal elements
reacted to Halogen group of elements

>Molecular solids
Structure: solid sucrose

Other examples: CH4, CO2, ice .

>Atomic solids
Structure:

>Metallic solids
The atoms are held together by strong metallic
bonding forces .

Examples: Fe, Cu, Ti, Na

*It is usually made up of Alkali, or Alkaline Earth
metals.

NON-CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS

Exaples: Plastic, wax and glass.

CRYSTALLINE SOLID STRUCTURE

Unit Cell building block of entire crystall.

COMMON TYPES OF UNIT CELL

IN ENGINEERING METALS
BCC- body centered cubic

the cube edge length, a= 4R/3

Number of atoms per unit cell, n = 2
V = a3

FCC- FACE CENTERED CUBIC

cube edge length,

a= 2R2
Number of atoms per unit cell, n = 4
V = a3

HEXAGONAL CLOSE-PACKED
CRYSTAL STRUCTURE

Number of atoms per unit cell, n = 6

COMPUTATION:
=

n-#of atoms
A-atomic weight
Vc- volume of the cell
NA- Avogadros number

ATOMIC PACKING FACTOR

THE SEVEN CRYSTAL SYSTEMS

References:
http://www.sparknotes.com/testprep/books/sa
t2/chemistry/chapter5section2

N. W. Ashcroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State

Physics (Saunders College Publishing,Texas,
1985).