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MANDIDEEP
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Presentation 0n topic GSM

Based Smart Irrigation Control

Prepared BySatyamTiwari

AIM:
Designing an embedded system
which can completely help a former to
supply water to the crops by sending
messages in Irrigation field.
Objective
This project deals with irrigation
application.
Physical effort and inconvenience
Loss/ Frequent damage of irrigation
equipment
Wastage of water and electricity

GSM based
Control System OF
implements
the
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT
emerging applications of the GSM technology. Using
GSM networks, a control system has been proposed
that will act as an embedded system which can
monitor and control appliances and other devices
locally using built-in input and output peripherals.
Remotely the system allows the user to
effectively monitor and control the house/office
appliances and equipments via the mobile phone set
by sending commands in the form of SMS messages
and receiving the appliances status.
The main concept behind the project is receiving
the sent SMS and processing it further as required
to perform several operations. The type of the
operation to be performed depends on the nature of

GSM (Global System for Mobile

Communications): It is a cellular
communication standard. SMS (Short
Message Service): It is a service available on
most digital mobile phones that permit the
sending of short messages (also known as
text messaging service).
Technology has advanced so much in the
last decade or two that it has made life more
efficient and comfortable. The comfort of
being able to take control of devices from
one particular location has become
imperative as it saves a lot of time and
effort. Therefore there arises a need to do so
in a systematic manner which we have tried

GSM Based Smart Irrigation

The new age of technology
has redefined
Control
Background

communication. Most people nowadays have

access to mobile phones and thus the world
indeed has become a global village.
At any given moment, any particular individual
can be contacted with the mobile phone. But the
application of mobile phone can not just be
restricted to sending SMS or starting
conversations.
New innovations and ideas can be generated from
it that can further enhance its capabilities.
Technologies such as Infra-red, Bluetooth, etc
which has developed in recent years goes to show
the very fact that improvements are in fact

What is GSM TEChnology

GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications,

originallyGroupe Spcial Mobile), is a standard
developed by the European
Telecommunication
Standard Institude (ETSI) to describe protocols for
second generation (2G) Digital Cellular Network
Used By mobile Phones . It is the de facto global
standard for mobile communications with over 90%
market share, and is available in over 219 countries
and territories.
The GSM standard was developed as a replacement
for first generation(1G)
analog cellular networks, and originally described a
digital, circuit-switched network optimized for Full
Duplex and voice Telephony This was expanded over
time to include data communications, first by circuitswitched transport, then Packet data transfer by
GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) and EDGE

This GSM Modem can accept any GSM network operator SIM
card and act just like
a mobile
phone with
GSM
MODULE
300its own unique phone
number.
Advantage of using this modem will be that you can use its
RS232 port to communicate and develop embedded
applications.
Applications like SMS Control, data transfer, remote control and
logging can be developed easily. It can be used to send and
receive SMS or make/receive voice calls. It can also be used in
GPRS mode to connect to internet and do many applications for
data logging and control.
In GPRS mode you can also connect to any remote FTP server
and upload files for data logging.
Supports features like Voice, SMS, Data/Fax, GPRS and
APPLICATIONS
integrated TCP/IP stack.
SMS based Remote Control & Alerts
Security Applications
Sensor Monitoring
GPRS Mode Remote Data Logging

PCB DESINGNING
Aprinted circuit board (PCB)mechanicallysupportsandelectricallyconnects
electroniccomponentsusingconductivetracks,padsandotherfeaturesetched
fromcoppersheetslaminatedontoanon-conductivesubstrate.Printedcircuit
boardsareusedinallbutthesimplestelectronicproducts.
Printedcircuitboardartworkgenerationwasinitiallyafullymanualprocess
doneonclearmylarsheetsatascaleofusually2or4timesthedesiredsize.

1.Design
MANUFACTURING
1.Patterning
Insubtractivemethodstheunwantedcopperisremovedtoleaveonlythe
desiredcopperpattern..
Directlaserimagingtechniquesaresometimesusedforhigh-resolution
requirements.

Manufacturing
Patterning
In subtractive methods the unwanted copper is
removed to leave only the desired copper pattern. In
additive methods the pattern is electroplatedonto a
bare substrate using a complex process.
The pattern in the manufacturer's PCB CAM system is
usually output on a photomask (photo-tool, film) by
aphotoplotterand replicated viasilk screen printing
or by exposing on a photo-sensitivephotoresist
coating.
Direct
laser imaging techniques are
Additive
Process
sometimes
used for adds
high-resolution
requirements.
Additive processes
desired copper
traces to
an insulating substrate.
In the full additive process the bare laminate is
covered with a photosensitive film which is imaged
(exposed to light though a mask and then

Chemical etching
Chemical etchingis usually done with ammonium per sulphate or
ferric chloride

Drilling
Holes through a PCB are typically drilled with smalldiameter
It is also possible withcontrolled-depthdrilling, laser
drilling, or by pre-drilling the individual sheets of the
PCB
Assembly
Insurface-mountconstruction, the components are
placed onpadsorlandson the outer surfaces of the
PCB
Copper thickness
Copper thickness of PCBs can be specified as units of
length (in micrometers or mils) but is often specified
as weight of copper per area (in ounce per square
foot) which is easier to measure

LAYOUT DESIGN

POWER SUPPLY

Practical View

Working Principal of Power

Supply
It basically operates as an ON/OFF toggle switch
controlled
Its output is high at power on and gives 5 volts.
When it senses pulsed IR rays, its output becomes
low.
Transformer
A transformer is a static electrical device that
transfers energy by inductive coupling between its
winding circuits
Bridge rectifier
When four diodes are connected as shown in figure,
the circuit is called as bridge rectifier
One advantage of a bridge rectifier over a

Component List
Transformer
Voltage Regulator (LM7805)
ATmega8 IC
Capacitor
1.Electrolyte
2.Ceramic
Resistor
Diode
Crystal Oscillator
MOC3021-Optocoupler
Devices
GSM Module 300
16*2 LCD display
AC Motor

Transformer
A transformer is a static electrical device that
transfers energy by inductive coupling between its
winding circuits.
A varying current in the primary winding creates a
varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and
thus a varying magnetic flux through the secondary
winding.
This varying magnetic flux induces a varying
electromotive force (emf) or voltage in the
secondary winding. Transformers can be used to
vary the relative voltage of circuits or isolate them,
or both

Bridge Rectifier
When four diodes are connected as shown in
figure, the circuit is called as bridge rectifier. The
input to the circuit is applied to the diagonally
opposite corners of the network, and the output is
taken from the remaining two corners

IC Voltage Regulator
LM7805 is a voltage regulator integrated
circuit. it is a member of 78xx series of fixed linear
voltage regulator ics.
The voltage regulator ic maintains the output
voltage at a constant value. the xx in 78xx
indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed to
provide.
7805 provides +5v regulated power supply.
capacitors of suitable values can be connected at
input and output pins depending upon the
respective voltage levels.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Hardware
tools
Regulated power supply.
AVR microcontroller.
GSM Module.

Relay.
Software tools
AVR Studio 4.18

MICROCONTROLLER
ATMEGA 8

Pin Diagram
VCC- Digital supply voltage.
GND- Ground
Port B (PB7..PB0)
XTAL1/XTAL2/TOSC1/TOSC2
Port C (PC5..PC0)
PC6/RESET
Port D (PD7..PD0)
AVCC
AREF

Capacitor
The fundamental relation for the capacitance between
two flat plates separated by a dielectric material is
given by: C=0.08854KA/D
Where: C= capacitance in pf.
K= dielectric constant
A=Area per plate in square cm.
D=Distance between two plates in cm

Resistor
A Resistor is a heat-dissipating element and in the
electronic circuits it is mostly used for either controlling
the current in the circuit or developing a voltage drop
across it, which could be utilized for many applications.
There are various types of resistors

Crystal Osscilator
A piezoelectric crystal is an electronic
circuit that uses the mechanical
resonance of a vibrating crystal of
piezoelectric material to create an
electrical signal with a very precise
frequency. This frequency is commonly
used to keep track of time (as in quartz
wristwatches), to provide a stable clock

MOC3021-Optocoupler
PIN LAYOUT

PIN Description

GSM MODEM
Block Diagram of GSM

Connection diagram
The GSM modem being a serial communication
device is connected to the serial port or a serial
device through a serial connector. The power
input to the modem is given through a 9v ac

WORKING BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

DESCRIPTION
GSM stands for Global System for Mobile
Communication. It is a globally accepted
standard for digital cellular communication.
GSM is the name of a standardization group
established in 1982 to create a common
European mobile telephone standard that would
formulate
specifications
forconsists
a pan-European
The
GSM modem
basically
of a
mobile
cellular
radio
system
operating SIM
at 900

SIM card
holder
to hold
the activated
card for
MHz
sending
and receiving SMS.
5V AC power supply header to which the 5v ac
adapter is connected.
Power led which gives the indication of modem
status that is on or off.
9 pin female to which the GSM antenna is
connected.

APPLICATIONS:

Electronics applications and consumer

devices
Industrial automation and process control
software.
Home appliances
Security alerts

CONNECTION DIAGRAM

This is how we connect Gsm Modems Based Irrigation

Water Pump Controller for Illiterates to the motor

ADVANTAGES
Low power consumption
Global range
Easy to operate
Flexible to run at specific intervals

DIS-ADVANTAGES
Communication delays
Not work in remote areas
Undetectable internal problems in motor

Cellular Network Support

Agromate is just like a mobile phone..
Will support GSM SIM from any provider
Users can choose the provider that gives better
signal

Mobile phone support

Agromate can be operated from any mobile phone
Supports GSM, CDMA and Land line
Android application for smart phones

SAVE
Electricity

Water

Time

Man Power

Conclusion
The project Gsm Modems Based
Irrigation Water Pump Controller for
Illiterates. has been successfully designed
and tested.
Secondly, using highly advanced ICs and
with the help of growing technology the project
has been successfully implemented.
It took great change and flexible to the farmer
while power cuts

THANKYO
U